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An expressive bidirectional transformation language for XQuery view update (Special issue : Advanced Programming Techniques for Construction of Robust, Generic and Evolutionary Programs) 用于XQuery视图更新的表达性双向转换语言(特刊:构建健壮、泛型和进化程序的高级编程技术)
Dongxi Liu, Zhenjiang Hu, M. Takeichi
This paper presents an expressive bidirectional XML transformation language and uses it to address the problem of updating XML data through materialized XQuery views. The transformations of this bidirectional language can be executed in two directions: in the forward direction, they generate materialized views from XML source, while in the backward direction, they update the source by reflecting back the updates on views. When XQuery is interpreted with this bidirectional language, it can query XML in its forward execution, and update XML source after its backward execution. We propose the extended round-tripping property for characterizing the good behavior of bidirectional transformations. This property is more flexible for an expressive bidirectional transformation language. The difficulties of updating view insertions are analyzed with detailed examples, and the type information is novelly used to guide backward transformation when views include insertions. A type system with recursive regular expression types for XML is designed for this bidirectional language. Well-typed programs preserve the source type after backward executions. A prototype of our approach is implemented and tested on a number of XQuery use cases.
本文提出了一种富有表现力的双向XML转换语言,并用它来解决通过具体化的XQuery视图更新XML数据的问题。这种双向语言的转换可以在两个方向上执行:在前进方向上,它们从XML源生成物化视图,而在后退方向上,它们通过反射视图上的更新来更新源。当用这种双向语言解释XQuery时,它可以在向前执行时查询XML,并在向后执行后更新XML源。我们提出了扩展的往返性质来描述双向变换的良好行为。对于表达性双向转换语言,此属性更加灵活。通过详细的实例分析了视图插入更新的难点,并新颖地利用类型信息指导视图包含插入时的反向转换。为这种双向语言设计了具有递归正则表达式类型的XML类型系统。类型良好的程序在向后执行后保留源类型。在许多XQuery用例上实现并测试了我们方法的原型。
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引用次数: 1
Wander types : A formalization of coinduction-recursion 漫游类型:共归纳递归的形式化
Venanzio Capretta
Wander types are a coinductive version of inductive-recursive definitions. They are defined by simultaneously specifying the constructors of the type and a function on the type itself. The types of the constructors can refer to the function component and the function itself is given by pattern matching on the constructors. Wander types are different from inductive-recursive types in two ways: the structure of the elements is not required to be well-founded, so infinite applications of the constructors are allowed; and the recursive calls in the definition of the function are not required to be on structurally smaller arguments. Wander types generalize several known type formers. We can use the functional component to control the way the data branch. This allows not only the implementation of coinduction, but also of induction, by imposing well-foundedness through an appropriate function definition. Special instances of wander types are: plain inductive and coinductive types, inductive-recursive types, mixed inductive-coinductive types, continuous stream processors.
漫游类型是归纳递归定义的协归纳版本。它们通过同时指定类型的构造函数和类型本身的函数来定义。构造函数的类型可以引用函数组件,函数本身通过构造函数上的模式匹配给出。漫游类型在两个方面与归纳递归类型不同:元素的结构不需要是建立良好的,因此允许构造函数的无限应用;函数定义中的递归调用不需要结构上较小的参数。漫游类型概括了几种已知的类型形成器。我们可以使用功能组件来控制数据分支的方式。这不仅可以实现共归纳法,还可以通过适当的函数定义强加良好的基础来实现归纳法。漫游类型的特殊实例有:普通归纳和共归纳类型、归纳-递归类型、混合归纳-共归纳类型、连续流处理器。
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引用次数: 0
An efficient exact algorithm for the Minimum Latency Problem 最小延迟问题的一种高效精确算法
H. Ban, K. Nguyen, Man Cuong Ngô, Duc-Nghia Nguyen
The Minimum Latency Problem (MLP) is a class of combinational optimization problems that has many practical applications. In the general case, the MLP is proved to be NPhard. One of the approaches to solve the problem is using exact algorithms. However, the algorithms which were recently proposed are applied only to the problems with small size, i.e., 26 vertices. In this paper, we present a new exact algorithm to solve the MLPs with a larger size. Our algorithm is based on the branch and bound method and it has two new rules that improve the pruning technique. We have evaluated the algorithm on several data sets. The results show that the problems up to 40 vertices can be solved exactly.
最小延迟问题(MLP)是一类具有许多实际应用的组合优化问题。在一般情况下,MLP被证明是NPhard。解决这个问题的方法之一是使用精确的算法。然而,最近提出的算法仅适用于较小规模的问题,即26个顶点。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的精确算法来求解更大尺寸的mlp。该算法基于分支定界法,并引入了两条新规则,对剪枝技术进行了改进。我们已经在几个数据集上评估了该算法。结果表明,该算法可以精确求解最多40个顶点的问题。
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引用次数: 16
Equational reasoning about programs with general recursion and call-by-value semantics (Special issue : Advanced Programming Techniques for Construction of Robust, Generic and Evolutionary Programs) 具有一般递归和按值调用语义的程序的方程推理(特刊:构建鲁棒、泛型和进化程序的高级编程技术)
Garrin Kimmell, Aaron Stump, H. Eades
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引用次数: 2
A dynamic programming algorithm for lot-sizing problem with outsourcing 外包批量问题的动态规划算法
Ping Zhan
Lot-sizing problem has been extensively researched in many aspects. In this manuscript, we give a dynamic programming algorithm scheme for lot-sizing problems with outsourcing.
批量问题在许多方面得到了广泛的研究。在本文中,我们给出了一个动态规划算法方案,用于批量问题的外包。
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引用次数: 0
Theoretical Computer Science and Discrete Mathematics 理论计算机科学与离散数学
K. Kawarabayashi, K. Sadakane, T. Uno
Recent informatics such as large scale data analysis needs efficient computation. The developments in theoretical computer science give much advance in this task. These divisions and subsets include analysis of algorithms and formal semantics of programming languages. In order to deal with large scale data analysis, we need some mathematical tools from Discrete Mathematics. Theoretical Computer Science is one of the most vibrant and active areas of scientific study today. Starting half a century ago, even before computers existed, theoretical computer scientists set out to define mathematically the concept of “computation”, and to study its power and limits. It is a division or subset of general computer science and mathematics which focuses on more abstract or mathematical aspects of computing. These divisions and subsets include analysis of algorithms and formal semantics of programming languages. Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous. In contrast to real numbers that have the property of varying “smoothly”, the objects studied in discrete mathematics such as integers and graphs do not vary smoothly in this way, but have distinct, separated values. It has been characterized as the branch of mathematics. Dealing with discrete objects, questions from theoretical computer science inspired much interest in the combinatorics community, and for many of its leaders became a primary scientific goal. A typical goal is the P versus NP problem, which characterizes difficulties of various problems, and much research has been devoted to analyze complexities of the problems. This collaboration has been extremely beneficial to both the discrete math and theoretical computer science communities, with wealthy exchange of ideas, problems and
现代信息学如大规模数据分析需要高效的计算。理论计算机科学的发展使这一任务取得了很大进展。这些划分和子集包括算法分析和编程语言的形式语义。为了处理大规模的数据分析,我们需要一些离散数学中的数学工具。理论计算机科学是当今科学研究中最具活力和活跃的领域之一。从半个世纪前开始,甚至在计算机出现之前,理论计算机科学家就开始用数学方法定义“计算”的概念,并研究它的能力和局限性。它是一般计算机科学和数学的一个分支或子集,侧重于计算的更抽象或数学方面。这些划分和子集包括算法分析和编程语言的形式语义。离散数学是对数学结构的研究,这些数学结构基本上是离散的,而不是连续的。与实数具有“平滑”变化的特性相反,离散数学中研究的对象,如整数和图,并不以这种方式平滑变化,而是具有不同的、分离的值。它被认为是数学的一个分支。处理离散对象,理论计算机科学的问题激发了组合学社区的极大兴趣,并且成为许多领导者的主要科学目标。一个典型的目标是P对NP问题,它具有各种问题的困难特征,并且已经有很多研究致力于分析问题的复杂性。这种合作对离散数学和理论计算机科学社区都非常有益,可以丰富地交流思想、问题和方法
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引用次数: 1
Implementation issues of clique enumeration algorithm 团枚举算法的实现问题
T. Uno
A clique is a subgraph in which any two vertices are connected. Clique represents a densely connected structure in the graph, thus used to capture the local related elements such as clustering, frequent patterns, community mining, and so on. In these applications, enumeration of cliques rather than optimization is frequently used. Recent applications have large scale very sparse graphs, thus efficient implementations for clique enumeration is necessary. In this paper, we describe the algorithm techniques (not coding techniques) for obtaining efficient clique enumeration implementations.
团是任意两个顶点相连的子图。Clique表示图中紧密连接的结构,因此用于捕获局部相关元素,如聚类、频繁模式、社区挖掘等。在这些应用程序中,经常使用团的枚举而不是优化。最近的应用有大规模的非常稀疏的图,因此团枚举的有效实现是必要的。在本文中,我们描述了获得高效团枚举实现的算法技术(而不是编码技术)。
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引用次数: 5
Entropy estimation with suffix arrays 后缀数组的熵估计
K. Sadakane
In this paper we give an algorithmfor estimatingthe entropyofa string using the suffix array. Our algorithm is based on a new combinatorial property of the longest common prefix array of a string.
本文给出了一种利用后缀数组估计字符串熵的算法。我们的算法是基于字符串的最长公共前缀数组的一个新的组合属性。
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引用次数: 0
An immersion of a square in 4-edge-connected graphs 将正方形浸入四边连通图中
K. Kawarabayashi, Yusuke Kobayashi
For an undirected graph G and its four distinct vertices v1, v2, v3, v4, an immersion of (v1, v2, v3, v4) is a subgraph of G that consists of four edge-disjoint paths P1, P2, P3, P4 such that Pi connects vi and vi+1 for i = 1, 2, 3, 4, where v5 = v1. We show that every 4-edgeconnected graph G = (V, E) has an immersion of (v1, v2, v3, v4) for any v1, v2, v3, v4 ∈ V, and it can be found in linear time.
对于无向图G及其四个不同的顶点v1, v2, v3, v4,浸入式(v1, v2, v3, v4)是G的子图,它由四条边不相交的路径P1, P2, P3, P4组成,使得当i = 1,2,3,4时,Pi连接vi和vi+1,其中v5 = v1。我们证明了对于任意v1, v2, v3, v4∈V,每个4边连通图G = (V, E)具有(v1, v2, v3, v4)的浸入,并且可以在线性时间内找到。
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引用次数: 0
On optimization of load-balanced IP routing for hose model 软管型号负载均衡IP路由优化研究
E. Oki
This paper presents an optimization of IP load-balanced routing for the hose model. We present an IP load-balanced routing scheme based on the two-phase routing over shortest paths. It is called a fine two-phase routing (F-TPR) scheme. In F-TPR, traffic is distributed from a source node to intermediate nodes more finely, compared to the original TPR. F-TPR introduces the distribution ratio to node m that is determined for each source-destination pair of (p, q), k m . To determine an optimum set of k pq m , an linear programming (LP) formulation is first derived. However, the formulation is difficult to solve as a simple LP problem. This is because each element of the traffic matrix is not determined because of the hose model and there are too many possible parameters for us to consider. By introducing a duality theorem , we successfully formulate our problem a quadratic constraint programming (QCP) formulation that can be solved to determine the split ratios by using a mathematical programming solver. We compare F-TPR with TPR and the Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)-Traffic Engineering (TE). Numerical results show that F-TPR reduces the network congestion ratio compared to TPR. Numerical results show that F-TPR greatly reduces the network congestion ratio compared to TPR, and provides comparable routing performances to that of MPLS-TE.
本文提出了一种针对软管模型的IP负载均衡路由优化方法。提出了一种基于两阶段最短路径路由的IP负载均衡路由方案。它被称为精细两相路由(F-TPR)方案。在F-TPR中,与原始TPR相比,流量从源节点到中间节点的分配更加精细。F-TPR引入节点m的分配比,该分配比是为(p, q), k m的每个源-目的对确定的。为了确定k - pq - m的最优集合,首先导出了线性规划(LP)公式。然而,该公式很难作为一个简单的LP问题来求解。这是因为流量矩阵的每个元素都是不确定的,因为软管模型,有太多可能的参数需要我们考虑。通过引入对偶定理,我们成功地将问题化为一个二次约束规划(QCP)公式,该公式可以用数学规划求解器求解来确定分割比。我们比较了F-TPR与TPR和多协议标签交换(MPLS)-流量工程(TE)。数值结果表明,与TPR相比,F-TPR降低了网络拥塞率。数值结果表明,与TPR相比,F-TPR大大降低了网络拥塞率,并提供了与MPLS-TE相当的路由性能。
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引用次数: 2
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... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing
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