... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing最新文献
It is much easier to interpret the past than to predict the future, and especially so when dealing with the vicissitudes of science. The laser, for example, which did not emerge until 1960, could have been assembled decades earlier by perspicacious physicists following Einstein’s classic paper in 1917 on population inversion in electronic energy levels. Equally, a widely read, mathematically-oriented engineer or computer scientist, knowing Radon’s work in Leipzig, also in 1917, could have foreseen and accelerated the arrival of the technique of tomography, with all that it has done to revolutionize medicine. In this article, I cite examples of devices, techniques, procedures, and theories that exhibit a variety of different origins and subsequent development. In some instances progress had been extraordinary rapid, in others extremely slow; and in several the element of chance and coincidence has played a vital role. With the exception of the computer itself few electronic devices have had a more profound impact on the progress of experimental science and on social interaction among human beings than the charge coupled device, otherwise known as the CCD. It has fundamentally transformed the whole of observational astronomy and very large sections of terrestrial and marine biology. The study and application of nanoscience no less than progress in nanotechnology have likewise been revolutionized by the CCD, which is an ultrasensitive detector that picks up extremely low levels of light ranging from the infra red to the visible, the ultra violet and even X-rays. It is more than a thousand times more sensitive than the most sensitive photographic plate, which is why it is nowadays the basis of modern digital and video cameras, optical scanners and camcorders, as well as spectrometers, fax machines and other high performance imaging facilities that are these days a part of mobile phones. (One million chil-
{"title":"Unpredictability and chance in scientific progress","authors":"John Meurig Thomas","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2007.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2007.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"It is much easier to interpret the past than to predict the future, and especially so when dealing with the vicissitudes of science. The laser, for example, which did not emerge until 1960, could have been assembled decades earlier by perspicacious physicists following Einstein’s classic paper in 1917 on population inversion in electronic energy levels. Equally, a widely read, mathematically-oriented engineer or computer scientist, knowing Radon’s work in Leipzig, also in 1917, could have foreseen and accelerated the arrival of the technique of tomography, with all that it has done to revolutionize medicine. In this article, I cite examples of devices, techniques, procedures, and theories that exhibit a variety of different origins and subsequent development. In some instances progress had been extraordinary rapid, in others extremely slow; and in several the element of chance and coincidence has played a vital role. With the exception of the computer itself few electronic devices have had a more profound impact on the progress of experimental science and on social interaction among human beings than the charge coupled device, otherwise known as the CCD. It has fundamentally transformed the whole of observational astronomy and very large sections of terrestrial and marine biology. The study and application of nanoscience no less than progress in nanotechnology have likewise been revolutionized by the CCD, which is an ultrasensitive detector that picks up extremely low levels of light ranging from the infra red to the visible, the ultra violet and even X-rays. It is more than a thousand times more sensitive than the most sensitive photographic plate, which is why it is nowadays the basis of modern digital and video cameras, optical scanners and camcorders, as well as spectrometers, fax machines and other high performance imaging facilities that are these days a part of mobile phones. (One million chil-","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74309905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Am ajor challenge in the implementation of quantum computers is mitigating the impact of undesired couplings with the environment that lead to decoherence. Here, we discuss an error-avoiding strategy that is based upon freedoms inherent in decomposing a quantum algorithm into fundamental gates. Although this approach is specific to a particular algorithm and a collective noise model, it does not the require complicated encodings or significant additional qubit resources of more general error-correcting codes. This paper also includes an overview of quantum computation, including a discussion of the quantum search algorithm.
{"title":"Algorithm-based analysis of collective decoherence in quantum search","authors":"C. Master, S. Utsunomiya, Y. Yamamoto","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Am ajor challenge in the implementation of quantum computers is mitigating the impact of undesired couplings with the environment that lead to decoherence. Here, we discuss an error-avoiding strategy that is based upon freedoms inherent in decomposing a quantum algorithm into fundamental gates. Although this approach is specific to a particular algorithm and a collective noise model, it does not the require complicated encodings or significant additional qubit resources of more general error-correcting codes. This paper also includes an overview of quantum computation, including a discussion of the quantum search algorithm.","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"11 1","pages":"5-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79969978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Overview of Japanese science Grid project NAREGI","authors":"K. Miura","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"41 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78101548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After the Science Council of Japan published a report in 1992 promoting science activities fo rt he 21st century, the science policy for human resource was roused among researchers in Japanese academic institutes. This paper intends to overview the recent conditions surrounding research personnel engaged in Japanese academic institutes. The author has taken ab ibliographic approach to survey public science statistics and to process NII reports and databases. Based on these data, the author made an analysis of the human resources in Japanese academic research institutes and considered the tasks of science policy and the role of researchers.
{"title":"Overview of human resource in Japanese academic research institutes","authors":"Morio Shibayama","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"After the Science Council of Japan published a report in 1992 promoting science activities fo rt he 21st century, the science policy for human resource was roused among researchers in Japanese academic institutes. This paper intends to overview the recent conditions surrounding research personnel engaged in Japanese academic institutes. The author has taken ab ibliographic approach to survey public science statistics and to process NII reports and databases. Based on these data, the author made an analysis of the human resources in Japanese academic research institutes and considered the tasks of science policy and the role of researchers.","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"10 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86915975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We implemented a spatial database system called Hawk Eye for three- and four-dimensional modeling applications, such as solid modeling, computer simulation and computer vision. Spatial query and manipulation are important system functions for retrieving and analyzing spatial objects. Binary spatial operations are necessary in order to respond to spatial queries and manipulations. Efficient processing of binary spatial operations between two cell complexes is important with respect to a cell-complex-based spatia ld atabase because the evaluation of these operations by previous algorithms is time-consuming. We present a new algorithm called the Cell Splitting and Merge Algorithm (CSMA) to evaluate binary spatial operations between two cell complexes. The ne wa lgorithm is efficient for cell complexes of three or four dimensions. Key to the algorithm is the use of an incidence graph of the cell complex.
{"title":"Binary spatial operations on cell complex using incidence graph implemented at a spatial database system Hawk Eye","authors":"K. Kaneko, A. Makinouchi","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"We implemented a spatial database system called Hawk Eye for three- and four-dimensional modeling applications, such as solid modeling, computer simulation and computer vision. Spatial query and manipulation are important system functions for retrieving and analyzing spatial objects. Binary spatial operations are necessary in order to respond to spatial queries and manipulations. Efficient processing of binary spatial operations between two cell complexes is important with respect to a cell-complex-based spatia ld atabase because the evaluation of these operations by previous algorithms is time-consuming. We present a new algorithm called the Cell Splitting and Merge Algorithm (CSMA) to evaluate binary spatial operations between two cell complexes. The ne wa lgorithm is efficient for cell complexes of three or four dimensions. Key to the algorithm is the use of an incidence graph of the cell complex.","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"13 41 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89936862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Benhamou, M. Ceberio, P. Codognet, H. Hosobe, C. Jermann, K. Satoh, K. Ueda
Constraint programming is an emergent technology that allows modeling and solving various problems in many areas such as artificial intelligence, computer programming, computer-aided design, computer graphics, and user interfaces. In this report, we provide recent activities of research collaboration on constraint programming conducted by the authors and other researchers in France and Japan. First, we outline our joint research projects on constraint programming, and then present the backgrounds, goals, and approaches of several research topics treated in the projects. Second, we describe the two Franco-Japanese Workshops on Constraint Programming (FJCP), which we organized in Japan in October 2004 and in France in November 2005. We conclude with future prospects for collaboration between French and Japanese researchers in this area.
{"title":"Franco-Japanese Research Collaboration on Constraint Programming","authors":"F. Benhamou, M. Ceberio, P. Codognet, H. Hosobe, C. Jermann, K. Satoh, K. Ueda","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Constraint programming is an emergent technology that allows modeling and solving various problems in many areas such as artificial intelligence, computer programming, computer-aided design, computer graphics, and user interfaces. In this report, we provide recent activities of research collaboration on constraint programming conducted by the authors and other researchers in France and Japan. First, we outline our joint research projects on constraint programming, and then present the backgrounds, goals, and approaches of several research topics treated in the projects. Second, we describe the two Franco-Japanese Workshops on Constraint Programming (FJCP), which we organized in Japan in October 2004 and in France in November 2005. We conclude with future prospects for collaboration between French and Japanese researchers in this area.","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"46 1","pages":"59-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85781165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, various kinds of cultural material have been digitized. Along with such movements, it is necessary to establish a coexisting relationship between real and virtual archives. In this study, we tried to create a link between real and virtual archives of architectural material using ubiquitous computing.
{"title":"Constructing a real/virtual archive of architectural material using ubiquitous computing","authors":"Norio Togiya, Akira Baba","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, various kinds of cultural material have been digitized. Along with such movements, it is necessary to establish a coexisting relationship between real and virtual archives. In this study, we tried to create a link between real and virtual archives of architectural material using ubiquitous computing.","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"37 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80629204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We live in interesting times. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is changing our life and society at an incredible pace. It is only half a century ago that the first computers were built. At first, these were used mainly for military purposes, for science, and later on for automation of business processes. Use of computers was limited to a relatively small group of specialists. After the personal computer was introduced around 1980, computing became part of the everyday life of a larger group of people. At about the same time, the internet started to grow. Again, at first mostly among academics and the military, but after Tim Berners Lee introduced the World Wide Web, internet use for communication, searching of information, shopping, money transfer and doing business became popular at an immense scale. At about the same time, a revolution took place in the telecom world. Or more precisely: several revolutions occurred at the same time. The telecom business was transformed into an open market, mobile phones conquered the world, and digital signal processing was introduced. At present we witness the convergence of the telecom world and the world of internet and computers. The internet and the fixed and mobile telecom networks merge into one global digital network based on IP, the internet protocol. This network is encompassing voice, video and data communication, giving us access to computing resources, and to information, irrespective of where we are or where the resources that we want to access are located. As a consequence, also the world of mass media, newspapers, magazines, TV and radio, is thoroughly transformed and becomes part of the internet. In the future we can, for instance, watch a TV program at any time we want, at any place. But it will also be feasible to produce our own content and broadcast our own TV
{"title":"The future - Everybody and everything connected","authors":"G. Oortmerssen","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2006.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"We live in interesting times. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is changing our life and society at an incredible pace. It is only half a century ago that the first computers were built. At first, these were used mainly for military purposes, for science, and later on for automation of business processes. Use of computers was limited to a relatively small group of specialists. After the personal computer was introduced around 1980, computing became part of the everyday life of a larger group of people. At about the same time, the internet started to grow. Again, at first mostly among academics and the military, but after Tim Berners Lee introduced the World Wide Web, internet use for communication, searching of information, shopping, money transfer and doing business became popular at an immense scale. At about the same time, a revolution took place in the telecom world. Or more precisely: several revolutions occurred at the same time. The telecom business was transformed into an open market, mobile phones conquered the world, and digital signal processing was introduced. At present we witness the convergence of the telecom world and the world of internet and computers. The internet and the fixed and mobile telecom networks merge into one global digital network based on IP, the internet protocol. This network is encompassing voice, video and data communication, giving us access to computing resources, and to information, irrespective of where we are or where the resources that we want to access are located. As a consequence, also the world of mass media, newspapers, magazines, TV and radio, is thoroughly transformed and becomes part of the internet. In the future we can, for instance, watch a TV program at any time we want, at any place. But it will also be feasible to produce our own content and broadcast our own TV","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"49 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75530812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) is proposed as a standard language to describe Web service fl ows. A fl ow may contain multiple activities that are executed concurrently, and thus removing faults such as deadlocks or violations of application-specifi c properties is not easy. This paper proposes techniques to extract a behavioral specifi cation from the BPEL program and to verity it with the model checking technique.
{"title":"Lightweight formal analysis of Web service flows","authors":"S. Nakajima","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2005.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2005.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"BPEL (Business Process Execution Language) is proposed as a standard language to describe Web service fl ows. A fl ow may contain multiple activities that are executed concurrently, and thus removing faults such as deadlocks or violations of application-specifi c properties is not easy. This paper proposes techniques to extract a behavioral specifi cation from the BPEL program and to verity it with the model checking technique.","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"35 10 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77527987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The needs of Japanese universities and learners for e-learning are mainly focused on in this study. First, e-learning cases are classifi ed into three categories: type I , correspondence courses where students can obtain credits and/or degrees mainly based on e-learning; type II, on-campus courses where students can obtain some credits based on e-learning; and type III, on-campus courses where the faculty uses e-learning tools as a supplemental measure of their classes. A Survey conducted by National Institute of Multimedia Education clearly shows that the needs of universities for type III is comparatively high. Based on case studies, this paper clarifi es the following two points: fi rst, students such as working students, foreign students, and those who study specialized areas are the main benefi ciaries of types I and II ; second, all types meet students’ needs by improving the qualities of classes. It seems reasonable to conclude that type III is expected to become the most popular model of e-learning because it responds to the needs of students and universities and that promotion of type I and/or II is possible if universities are successful in providing curriculums that suit the needs of potential students.
{"title":"A Study on needs for e-learning − Through the analysis of national survey and case studies","authors":"Keiko Watanabe","doi":"10.2201/NIIPI.2005.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2201/NIIPI.2005.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"The needs of Japanese universities and learners for e-learning are mainly focused on in this study. First, e-learning cases are classifi ed into three categories: type I , correspondence courses where students can obtain credits and/or degrees mainly based on e-learning; type II, on-campus courses where students can obtain some credits based on e-learning; and type III, on-campus courses where the faculty uses e-learning tools as a supplemental measure of their classes. A Survey conducted by National Institute of Multimedia Education clearly shows that the needs of universities for type III is comparatively high. Based on case studies, this paper clarifi es the following two points: fi rst, students such as working students, foreign students, and those who study specialized areas are the main benefi ciaries of types I and II ; second, all types meet students’ needs by improving the qualities of classes. It seems reasonable to conclude that type III is expected to become the most popular model of e-learning because it responds to the needs of students and universities and that promotion of type I and/or II is possible if universities are successful in providing curriculums that suit the needs of potential students.","PeriodicalId":91638,"journal":{"name":"... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing","volume":"100 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86458232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing
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