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Recognizing multiple objects based on co-occurrence of categories 基于类别共现的多对象识别
Takahiro Okabe, Yuhi Kondo, Kris M. Kitani, Yoichi Sato
Most previous methods for generic object recognition explicitly or implicitly assume that an image contains objects from a single category, although objects from multiple categories often appear together in an image. In this paper, we present a novel method for object recognition that explicitly deals with objects of multiple categories coexisting in an image. Furthermore, our proposed method aims to recognize objects by taking advantage of a scene’s context represented by the co-occurrence relationship between object categories. Specifically, our method estimates the mixture ratios of multiple categories in an image via MAP regression, where the likelihood is computed based on the linear combination model of frequency distributions of local features, and the prior probability is computed from the co-occurrence relation. We conducted a number of experiments using the PASCAL dataset, and obtained the results that lend support to the effectiveness of the proposed method.
大多数以前的通用对象识别方法明确或隐含地假设图像包含来自单一类别的对象,尽管来自多个类别的对象经常在图像中一起出现。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的对象识别方法,该方法明确地处理图像中共存的多个类别的对象。此外,我们提出的方法旨在利用由对象类别之间的共现关系表示的场景上下文来识别对象。具体而言,我们的方法通过MAP回归估计图像中多个类别的混合比率,其中基于局部特征频率分布的线性组合模型计算似然,并从共现关系计算先验概率。我们使用PASCAL数据集进行了大量实验,并获得了支持所提出方法有效性的结果。
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引用次数: 1
Diminished reality using plane-sweep algorithm with weakly-calibrated cameras 使用弱校准相机的平面扫描算法降低真实感
Songkran Jarusirisawad, Takahide Hosokawa, H. Saito
We present a plane-sweep algorithm for removing occluding objects in front of the objective scene from multiple weakly-calibrated cameras. Projective grid space (PGS), a weak cameras calibration framework, is used to obtain geometrical relations between cameras. Plane-sweep algorithm works by implicitly reconstructing the depth maps of the targeted view. By excluding the occluding objects from the volume of the sweeping planes, we can generate new views without the occluding objects. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method and it is fast enough to run in several frames per second on a consumer PC by implementing the proposed plane-sweep algorithm in graphics processing unit (GPU).
我们提出了一种平面扫描算法,用于从多个弱校准相机中去除物镜场景前的遮挡物体。投影网格空间(PGS)是一种弱摄像机标定框架,用于获取摄像机之间的几何关系。平面扫描算法通过隐式重建目标视图的深度图来工作。通过将遮挡物体从扫描平面的体积中排除,我们可以生成没有遮挡物体的新视图。通过在图形处理器(GPU)上实现所提出的平面扫描算法,结果表明了所提方法的有效性,其速度足以在消费类PC上以每秒几帧的速度运行。
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引用次数: 26
3D image and video technology 3D图像和视频技术
A. Sugimoto, Yoichi Sato, R. Klette
3D imaging and video technologies are of growing interest in recent times because of having potential applications in many fields such as robotics, visualization, 3DTV, autonomous vehicles, driver assistance, “flying eyes”, intelligent human-machine interfaces, and so forth. To advance those technologies, computer vision and pattern recognition, which originated separately, are today increasingly interacting. In fact, papers published in this special issue address areas of both computer vision and pattern recognition. After going through a rigorous anonymous peer reviewing process and several revisions, seven papers are finally presented in this special issue. The first paper by Kobayashi, Sakaue and Sato, entitled “Multiple view geometry of projector-camera systems from virtual mutual projection” presents a calibration method for projector-camera systems. The proposed method generates virtual mutual projections between projectors and cameras by considering the shadow of cameras and the shadow of projectors and then discusses multiple view geometry for calibration. This work advances existing multiple view geometry so that it can also deal with projector-camera systems. The second paper by Jarusirisawad, Hosokawa and Saito, entitled “Diminished reality using plane-sweep algorithm with weakly-calibrated cameras” addresses an on-line method for generating free viewpoint views using captured images at different viewpoints. In this paper, the plane-sweep algorithm already proposed by the authors is extended from in the Euclidean space to in the projective space. The advantage of this method exists in excluding occluding objects for view synthesis. In “Object segmentation under varying illumination: stochastic background model considering spatial local-
近年来,由于在机器人、可视化、3D电视、自动驾驶汽车、驾驶辅助、“飞眼”、智能人机界面等许多领域具有潜在的应用前景,3D成像和视频技术越来越受到人们的关注。为了推动这些技术的发展,计算机视觉和模式识别这两种原本独立的技术,如今正日益相互作用。事实上,在这期特刊上发表的论文涉及计算机视觉和模式识别领域。经过严格的匿名同行评议过程和几次修改,七篇论文最终发表在本期特刊上。Kobayashi, Sakaue和Sato的第一篇论文题为“基于虚拟互投影的投影机-摄像机系统的多视图几何”,提出了一种投影机-摄像机系统的校准方法。该方法通过考虑摄像机的阴影和投影机的阴影,生成投影机和摄像机之间的虚拟互投影,然后讨论多视图几何进行标定。这项工作改进了现有的多视图几何,使其也可以处理投影-摄像机系统。Jarusirisawad, Hosokawa和Saito的第二篇论文题为“使用弱校准相机的平面扫描算法减少现实感”,讨论了一种使用不同视点捕获的图像生成免费视点视图的在线方法。本文将作者提出的平面扫描算法从欧几里德空间扩展到射影空间。该方法的优点在于可以排除遮挡物体进行视图合成。在“变光照下的目标分割:考虑空间局部的随机背景模型”中
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引用次数: 0
Fast face clustering based on shot similarity for browsing video 基于镜头相似度的浏览视频快速人脸聚类
Koji Yamamoto, Osamu Yamaguchi, Hisashi Aoki
In this paper, we propose a new approach for clustering faces of characters in a recorded television title. The clustering results are used to catalog video clips based on subjects’ faces for quick scene access. The main goal is to obtain a result for cataloging in tolerable waiting time after the recording, which is less than 3 minutes per hour of video clips. Although conventional face recognition-based clustering methods can obtain good results, they require considerable processing time. To enable high-speed processing, we use similarities of shots where the characters appear to estimate corresponding faces instead of calculating distance between each facial feature. Two similar shot-based clustering (SSC) methods are proposed. The first method only uses SSC and the second method uses face thumbnail clustering (FTC) as well. The experiment shows that the average processing time per hour of video clips was 350 ms and 31 seconds for SSC and SSC+FTC, respectively, despite the decrease in the average number of different person’s faces in a catalog being 6.0% and 0.9% compared to face recognition-based clustering.
在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法来聚类录制电视标题中的人物面孔。聚类结果用于根据受试者的面部对视频片段进行分类,以便快速访问场景。主要目标是在录制后可容忍的等待时间内获得编目结果,即每小时视频剪辑少于3分钟。传统的基于人脸识别的聚类方法虽然可以获得较好的结果,但需要相当长的处理时间。为了实现高速处理,我们使用人物出现的镜头的相似性来估计相应的面孔,而不是计算每个面部特征之间的距离。提出了两种相似的基于镜头的聚类方法。第一种方法只使用SSC,第二种方法也使用人脸缩略图聚类(FTC)。实验表明,尽管与基于人脸识别的聚类相比,目录中不同人脸的平均数量减少了6.0%和0.9%,但SSC和SSC+FTC的视频片段每小时的平均处理时间分别为350 ms和31秒。
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引用次数: 3
An almost optimal algorithm for Winkler's sorting pairs in bins (Special issue : Theoretical computer science and discrete mathematics) 箱中Winkler排序对的几乎最优算法(特刊:理论计算机科学与离散数学)
Hiro Ito, Junichi Teruyama, Yuichi Yoshida
We investigate the following sorting problem: We are given n bins with two balls in each bin. Balls in the ith bin are numbered n + 1 − i. We can swap two balls from adjacent bins. How many number of swaps are needed in order to sort balls, i.e., move every ball to the bin with the same number. For this problem the best known solution requires almost 4 n 2 swaps. In this paper, we show an algorithm which solves this problem using less than 2n 2 3 swaps. Since it is known that the lower bound of the number of swaps is 2n 2 /3 = 2n 2 3 − n 3 , our result is almost tight. Furthermore, we show that for n = 2 m + 1( m ≥ 0) the algorithm is optimal.
我们研究下面的排序问题:我们有n个箱子,每个箱子里有两个球。第i个箱子里的球编号为n + 1 - i。我们可以交换两个相邻箱子里的球。需要多少次交换才能对球进行排序,即,将每个球移到具有相同数量的箱子中。对于这个问题,最著名的解决方案几乎需要4 n 2个交换。在本文中,我们展示了一种算法,该算法使用少于2n23的交换来解决这个问题。由于已知交换次数的下界是2n2 /3 = 2n2 3 - n3,我们的结果几乎是紧的。进一步,我们证明了当n = 2 m + 1(m≥0)时,算法是最优的。
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引用次数: 3
Object segmentation under varying illumination: Stochastic background model considering spatial locality 变光照下的目标分割:考虑空间局部性的随机背景模型
T. Tanaka, Atsushi Shimada, Daisaku Arita, R. Taniguchi
We propose a new method for background modeling. Our method is based on the two complementary approaches. One uses the probability density function (PDF) to approximate background model. The PDF is estimated non-parametrically by using Parzen density estimation. Then, foreground object is detected based on the estimated PDF. The method is based on the evaluation of the local texture at pixel-level resolution which reduces the effects of variations in lighting. Fusing those approachs realizes robust object detection under varying illumination. Several experiments show the effectiveness of our approach.
提出了一种新的背景建模方法。我们的方法是基于两种互补的方法。一种是利用概率密度函数(PDF)近似背景模型。利用Parzen密度估计方法对PDF进行非参数估计。然后,基于估计的PDF检测前景目标。该方法基于像素级分辨率的局部纹理评估,减少了光照变化的影响。融合这些方法可以实现变光照条件下的鲁棒目标检测。几个实验证明了我们方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Statistical string similarity model for information linkage 信息链接的统计字符串相似度模型
A. Takasu
This paper proposes a statistical string similarity model for approximate matching in information linkage. The proposed similarity model is an extension of hidden Markov model and its learnable ability realizes string matching function adaptable to various information sources. The main contribution of this paper is to develop an efficient learning algorithm for estimating parameters of the statistical similarity model. The proposed algorithm is based on the Expectation-Maximization (EM) technique where dynamic programing technique is used to update parameters in EM process.
提出了一种用于信息链接近似匹配的统计字符串相似度模型。所提出的相似度模型是隐马尔可夫模型的扩展,其可学习能力实现了适应各种信息源的字符串匹配功能。本文的主要贡献是开发了一种有效的学习算法来估计统计相似模型的参数。该算法以期望最大化(EM)技术为基础,采用动态规划技术对EM过程中的参数进行更新。
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引用次数: 0
Leading ICT technologies in the Information Explosion 信息爆炸中的领先ICT技术
J. Adachi, A. Takasu
Millions of humans have been disseminating information through WWW and this amount is explosively increasing. However, a person’s ability to digest this information is limited. Therefore, smart information and communication technologies are required to help them effectively and efficiently use this information. This special issue includes some of the more recent advances in ICT technologies that support people in acquiring information and gaining knowledge from the vast amount of disseminated information from the information explosion, and provides a forum for discussing the research directions in this field. This special issue consists of a survey paper, three research papers, and two technical notes that have undergone one or more cycles of anonymous peer reviews and revisions. The first paper, “Researches on image retrieval and use in information explosion era”, by Masashi Inoue, surveys the researches on image retrieval and its utilization from four aspects, i.e., information access and organization technology, computing infrastructure for large-scale image access, human-system interaction, and social issues around image media. The second paper, “Utilization of external knowledge for personal name disambiguation”, by Quang Minh Vu, Atsuhiro Takasu, and Jun Adachi, presents a name disambiguation method for identifying people appearing on Web pages. It discriminates people having the same name using text around the person’s name on a Web page. For this purpose, it introduces a recent statistical text model based on latent topics to extract features for the person name disambiguation problem. The third paper, “Building web page collections efficiently exploiting local surrounding pages”, by Yuxin Wang and Keizo Oyama, presents a web page collection framework. This paper focuses on a high-quality page classification method for the framework. To perform high-quality classification, it uses a two-phase classi-
数以百万计的人通过WWW传播信息,而且这个数量正在爆炸式地增长。然而,一个人消化这些信息的能力是有限的。因此,需要智能信息和通信技术来帮助他们有效和高效地使用这些信息。本期特刊介绍了信息通信技术的一些最新进展,这些进展支持人们从信息爆炸中传播的大量信息中获取信息和知识,并为讨论该领域的研究方向提供了一个论坛。本期特刊由一篇调查论文、三篇研究论文和两篇技术笔记组成,这些论文经过了一个或多个匿名同行评审和修订周期。第一篇论文《信息爆炸时代的图像检索与利用研究》(Masashi Inoue)从信息获取与组织技术、大规模图像访问计算基础设施、人机交互、图像媒体社会问题四个方面综述了图像检索与利用研究。第二篇论文“利用外部知识消除个人姓名歧义”,由Quang Minh Vu、Atsuhiro Takasu和Jun Adachi撰写,提出了一种用于识别出现在网页上的人的姓名歧义方法。它通过网页上人名周围的文字来区分具有相同名字的人。为此,本文引入了一种基于潜在主题的统计文本模型来提取人名消歧问题的特征。第三篇论文,“高效利用本地周边页面构建网页集合”,作者是王宇欣和大山惠三,他们提出了一个网页集合框架。本文重点研究了一种用于该框架的高质量页面分类方法。为了执行高质量的分类,它使用两阶段分类
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引用次数: 1
Computing the potential lexical productivity of head elements in nominal compounds using the textual corpus 利用语篇语料库计算名词复合词中头部成分的潜在词汇生产力
K. Kageura
In this paper, we propose a model/method for observing the potential lexical productivity of head elements in nominal compounds, and compare the productivity of a few high-frequency head elements in a technical corpus. Much work has been done on various aspects of nominal compounds. Most of this work, however, has been devoted to “syntagmatic” aspects at various levels, such as semantic compositionality, possible variations, lexical cohesiveness, etc. while the “paradigmatic” aspects of nominal compounds have received relatively little attention. By providing a “paradigmatic” perspective for analysing nominal compounds, this paper aims to help build a truly integrative approach to analysing and processing nominal compounds.
在本文中,我们提出了一种模型/方法来观察名义化合物中词头元素的潜在词汇生产力,并比较了技术语料库中几个高频词头元素的生产力。在名词复合词的各个方面已经做了大量的工作。然而,这方面的工作大多集中在各个层面的“组合”方面,如语义组合性、可能的变化、词汇的衔接性等,而对名词性复合词的“聚合”方面的关注相对较少。通过提供一个“范式”的角度来分析名词性复合词,本文旨在帮助建立一个真正综合的方法来分析和处理名词性复合词。
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引用次数: 4
Academic linkage: A linkage platform for large volumes of academic information 学术联动:海量学术信息的联动平台
Akiko Aizawa, A. Takasu, Daiji Fukagawa, Masao Takaku, J. Adachi
We propose a two-layered architecture for information identification that is specifically targeted towards academic information. We first introduce the basic notion of information identification, or linkage, that connects fragmented information referring to the same objects or people in the world. We then propose a linkage system that is composed of bibliography and researcher identification layers. As an illustrative example, the results of a coauthor relationship analysis are also shown.
我们提出了一种专门针对学术信息的两层信息识别体系结构。我们首先介绍了信息识别或链接的基本概念,它将涉及世界上相同对象或人的碎片信息连接起来。然后,我们提出了一个由书目层和研究者识别层组成的链接系统。作为一个说明性的例子,也给出了共同作者关系分析的结果。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
... Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing. IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing
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