Abstract The social identity approach was used to explore the inter-professional relations between nurse prescribers, pharmacist prescribers and general practitioners (GPs) in primary care in the United Kingdom. We investigated their social identities as prescribers, the influence of social structure in practice settings and the implications for further development of nurse and pharmacist prescribing. Interviews were conducted with 21 GPs, nurse prescribers and pharmacist prescribers in primary care from the south of England. Five themes emerged, including the ambiguous social identity of some nurse and pharmacist prescribers (‘a no man’s land’), constraining social structures (‘the doctor is king’), the content of GPs’ social identity (‘subtle prescribing’), the content of nurse and pharmacists’ social identity (‘more than just competent’) and context (‘engaging with each other’s identities’). At some GP practices, there was a willingness to engage with the different social identities and reframe them within the organisational context of a GP surgery. At these sites, where social identities were respected and supported, the social identity approach offered insight into how the resulting teamwork could lead to a shared practice identity focused on multi-disciplinary working. This research provides evidence of how professional and organisational identities can be enhanced and supported. Further, there is the potential for an intervention using the social identity approach to improve patient care.
{"title":"GPs, nurses and pharmacists as prescribers in primary care: an exploration using the social identity approach / Hausärzte/-innen, Diplomierte Pflegefachpersonen und Apotheker/-innen als Arzneimittelverschreiber/-innen: eine Exploration mit dem Ansatz der Sozialen Identität","authors":"M. Weiss, Jo Platt, Ruth Riley, Susan Horrocks","doi":"10.1515/ijhp-2016-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijhp-2016-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The social identity approach was used to explore the inter-professional relations between nurse prescribers, pharmacist prescribers and general practitioners (GPs) in primary care in the United Kingdom. We investigated their social identities as prescribers, the influence of social structure in practice settings and the implications for further development of nurse and pharmacist prescribing. Interviews were conducted with 21 GPs, nurse prescribers and pharmacist prescribers in primary care from the south of England. Five themes emerged, including the ambiguous social identity of some nurse and pharmacist prescribers (‘a no man’s land’), constraining social structures (‘the doctor is king’), the content of GPs’ social identity (‘subtle prescribing’), the content of nurse and pharmacists’ social identity (‘more than just competent’) and context (‘engaging with each other’s identities’). At some GP practices, there was a willingness to engage with the different social identities and reframe them within the organisational context of a GP surgery. At these sites, where social identities were respected and supported, the social identity approach offered insight into how the resulting teamwork could lead to a shared practice identity focused on multi-disciplinary working. This research provides evidence of how professional and organisational identities can be enhanced and supported. Further, there is the potential for an intervention using the social identity approach to improve patient care.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"11 1","pages":"153 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88378351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Müller, S. Lautenschläger, S. Voigt-Radloff
Abstract Background In Germany, four to five million community-dwelling people aged 65 years or older fall every year. The presented potential analysis evaluates the potential of occupational therapy-led physical exercise programs and home environment adaptations to reduce the frequency of falling and as well as intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for falling of older people living at home. Methods The potential analysis was compiled according to a method guideline (p.11-22) available as follows: http://www.cochrane. de/news/leitfaden-f%C3%BCr-gesundheitsfachberufe-mai-2013. The research question of fall prevention was considered as very relevant for health care and specified according to the PICOS-system. A Cochrane review was systematically searched and the body of evidence was assessed using the GRADE-system. In addition, studies after the search period of the Cochrane review were identified using the search strategy of this review. Both the studies within and after the review were assessed regarding their transferability to the German health care context. Corpus of evidence A Cochrane review from 2012 revealed that occupational therapy-led physical exercise programs reduced the frequency of falling of older people living at home (7 studies, 951 participants, 0.68 RaR; 95%-KI [0.58-0.80]), the number of fallers (6 studies, 714 participants, 0.78 RaR, 95%-KI [0.64-0.94]) and the fractures (6 studies, 810 participants, 0.34 RaR, 95%-KI [0.18-0.63]). Further studies showed that home environment adaptation programs significantly reduced the number of falls (4 studies, 1443 participants, 0.69 RaR, 95%-KI [0.55-0.86]) and the number of fallers (5 studies, 1153 participants, 0.79 RaR, 95%-KI [0.70-0.91]). However, direct implementation into the German healthcare context is not recommendable. Implication for research It is recommended (1) to manualise identified home environment adaptation programmes for the German healthcare context and (2) to pilot-test the physical exercise programmes ‘LiFE’ with regard to theoretical framework, acceptance, applicability and feasibility and to examine both interventions as part of a feasibility study. If this trial results in a feasible treatment programme well accepted by patients and their treating occupational therapists, a large-scaled randomized clinical trial in terms of comparative effectiveness research may follow.
{"title":"Potential analysis for research on occupational therapy-led physical exercise programmes and home environment adaptation programmes to prevent falls for elderly people living at home / Potenzialanalyse zu ergotherapeutischen körperlichen Trainingsprogrammen und Wohnraumanpassungen zur Vermeidung von","authors":"Christian Müller, S. Lautenschläger, S. Voigt-Radloff","doi":"10.1515/ijhp-2016-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijhp-2016-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background In Germany, four to five million community-dwelling people aged 65 years or older fall every year. The presented potential analysis evaluates the potential of occupational therapy-led physical exercise programs and home environment adaptations to reduce the frequency of falling and as well as intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors for falling of older people living at home. Methods The potential analysis was compiled according to a method guideline (p.11-22) available as follows: http://www.cochrane. de/news/leitfaden-f%C3%BCr-gesundheitsfachberufe-mai-2013. The research question of fall prevention was considered as very relevant for health care and specified according to the PICOS-system. A Cochrane review was systematically searched and the body of evidence was assessed using the GRADE-system. In addition, studies after the search period of the Cochrane review were identified using the search strategy of this review. Both the studies within and after the review were assessed regarding their transferability to the German health care context. Corpus of evidence A Cochrane review from 2012 revealed that occupational therapy-led physical exercise programs reduced the frequency of falling of older people living at home (7 studies, 951 participants, 0.68 RaR; 95%-KI [0.58-0.80]), the number of fallers (6 studies, 714 participants, 0.78 RaR, 95%-KI [0.64-0.94]) and the fractures (6 studies, 810 participants, 0.34 RaR, 95%-KI [0.18-0.63]). Further studies showed that home environment adaptation programs significantly reduced the number of falls (4 studies, 1443 participants, 0.69 RaR, 95%-KI [0.55-0.86]) and the number of fallers (5 studies, 1153 participants, 0.79 RaR, 95%-KI [0.70-0.91]). However, direct implementation into the German healthcare context is not recommendable. Implication for research It is recommended (1) to manualise identified home environment adaptation programmes for the German healthcare context and (2) to pilot-test the physical exercise programmes ‘LiFE’ with regard to theoretical framework, acceptance, applicability and feasibility and to examine both interventions as part of a feasibility study. If this trial results in a feasible treatment programme well accepted by patients and their treating occupational therapists, a large-scaled randomized clinical trial in terms of comparative effectiveness research may follow.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"49 1","pages":"106 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78728632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannes Außermaier, U. Costa, M. Essmeister, G. Diermayr
Abstract Background Wheelchair users often encounter barriers reducing community mobility and participation in societal life. Information on barrier-free routes may improve mobility and therefore societal participation. In addition to technical prerequisites, a routing system will only be effective and used by the target group, if the development process is based on their perceptions and needs. The aim of the study was therefore to collect data on barriers from the viewpoint of wheelchair users in Vienna. Methods A multiprofessional team conducted three focus group discussions with 22 wheelchair users from Vienna (maximum variation sampling, wheelchair-bound individuals and assistants). Data were analyzed qualitatively using inductive and deductive content analysis. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and the Occupational Performance Model (Australia) served as guiding frameworks during deductive data analysis. Barriers within the physical environment were further subcategorized. Results Barriers identified in all three groups could be assigned mainly to physical and socio-cultural environments. Most important physical barriers were ground conditions, curbstones and gradients. Other barriers were related to one’s own body, other people in the environment, and lack of information on structural conditions. Discussion Our results underline the benefit of participatory research and they demonstrate the complexity of barriers encountered by wheelchair users in the community. A routing system provides information to wheelchair users enabling them to avoid physical barriers in the community and to stakeholders enabling them to reduce and remove barriers in public spaces.
{"title":"Wheelchair users’ perspectives on barriers in public spaces in Vienna: implications for the development of a barrier information system / Barrieren aus der Sicht von Rollstuhlnutzern/-innen im öffentlichen Raum in Wien: Implikationen für ein Barriere-Informationssystem","authors":"Hannes Außermaier, U. Costa, M. Essmeister, G. Diermayr","doi":"10.1515/IJHP-2016-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/IJHP-2016-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Wheelchair users often encounter barriers reducing community mobility and participation in societal life. Information on barrier-free routes may improve mobility and therefore societal participation. In addition to technical prerequisites, a routing system will only be effective and used by the target group, if the development process is based on their perceptions and needs. The aim of the study was therefore to collect data on barriers from the viewpoint of wheelchair users in Vienna. Methods A multiprofessional team conducted three focus group discussions with 22 wheelchair users from Vienna (maximum variation sampling, wheelchair-bound individuals and assistants). Data were analyzed qualitatively using inductive and deductive content analysis. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and the Occupational Performance Model (Australia) served as guiding frameworks during deductive data analysis. Barriers within the physical environment were further subcategorized. Results Barriers identified in all three groups could be assigned mainly to physical and socio-cultural environments. Most important physical barriers were ground conditions, curbstones and gradients. Other barriers were related to one’s own body, other people in the environment, and lack of information on structural conditions. Discussion Our results underline the benefit of participatory research and they demonstrate the complexity of barriers encountered by wheelchair users in the community. A routing system provides information to wheelchair users enabling them to avoid physical barriers in the community and to stakeholders enabling them to reduce and remove barriers in public spaces.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"104 1","pages":"177 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84848154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background In the period 2011 – 2013, 13 care support points were set up in Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. They are the joint responsibility of all health and long-term care insurance funds and local government. Method Between July and November 2013, data on organisation and personnel were collected in respect of the care support points and their advisory staff. Questions were asked about reasons for visiting a care support point, the subject matter of any counselling and demographic data on the users. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative data, the interviews were evaluated by analysis of their content. Results The results show a heterogenic picture of adviser training. Most users made contact with the care support points by telephone. General information on long-term care insurance was frequently sought. In 2015, care support points were consulted much more frequently than in 2014. The partners describe the networking involved as time-consuming; any synergy effects to date were estimated to be limited. Conclusions More network structures need to be created if those in need of care and assistance as supplied by care counselling based on case management are to be reached in future. What is called for are firm, written contracts with no personal bias, assigning care support points with the role of central actors at the regional level, able to produce neutral, independent organization and coordination of the necessary assistance. A guarantee of continuity of provision would fulfill the requirements of the kind of procedure involved in case management. Regardless of the number of professional providers and informal carers participating.
{"title":"Care support points of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. Results of a scientific analysis / Pflegestützpunkte in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Ergebnisse einer wissenschaftliche Analyse","authors":"S. Schmidt, Steffi Kraehmer","doi":"10.1515/IJHP-2016-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/IJHP-2016-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background In the period 2011 – 2013, 13 care support points were set up in Mecklenburg-West Pomerania. They are the joint responsibility of all health and long-term care insurance funds and local government. Method Between July and November 2013, data on organisation and personnel were collected in respect of the care support points and their advisory staff. Questions were asked about reasons for visiting a care support point, the subject matter of any counselling and demographic data on the users. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse quantitative data, the interviews were evaluated by analysis of their content. Results The results show a heterogenic picture of adviser training. Most users made contact with the care support points by telephone. General information on long-term care insurance was frequently sought. In 2015, care support points were consulted much more frequently than in 2014. The partners describe the networking involved as time-consuming; any synergy effects to date were estimated to be limited. Conclusions More network structures need to be created if those in need of care and assistance as supplied by care counselling based on case management are to be reached in future. What is called for are firm, written contracts with no personal bias, assigning care support points with the role of central actors at the regional level, able to produce neutral, independent organization and coordination of the necessary assistance. A guarantee of continuity of provision would fulfill the requirements of the kind of procedure involved in case management. Regardless of the number of professional providers and informal carers participating.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"63 1","pages":"165 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85497664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract After five years of experience in interprofessional education (IPE) in the Bachelor programs occupational therapy, midwifery, nursing, speech therapy, and physiotherapy at the University of Applied Sciences in Bochum (Germany), we have systematically evaluated and substantially revised our IPE concept in 2014/15. The structural and curricular embedding of IPE throughout the course of the five Bachelor programs requires the development and ongoing evolution of a binding concept for the interprofessional competence development. This concept needs to be based on a systematic reflection of current practice and sound scientific knowledge concerning interprofessional topics. Furthermore, it needs to address the promotion of competencies to act inter- and transprofessionally to enable a high quality of care (Wissenschaftsrat, 2012; Walkenhorst, 2012). Results of narrative literature reviews, structured internal discussions, interviews of experts and various internal and external evaluations have been incorporated into a new conceptual framework for IPE. It has been shown that a revision of the structure, the temporal sequences of modules and the framework to facilitate interprofessional practice are essential steps for continuous development of interprofessional education. In addition, barriers and challenges are identified and discussed. Overall, the process of development has been coordinated and accompanied continuously and successfully by an IPE committee involving different groups of representative members from the Department of Applied Health Sciences.
在德国波鸿应用科学大学(University of Applied Sciences in Bochum)的职业治疗、助产学、护理学、语言治疗和物理治疗学士学位课程中，经过五年的跨专业教育(IPE)经验，我们在2014/15学年系统地评估并大幅修订了我们的IPE概念。国际政治经济学的结构和课程嵌入贯穿于五个学士学位课程的过程中，需要发展和不断发展具有约束力的跨专业能力发展概念。这一概念需要基于对当前实践的系统反思和有关跨专业主题的可靠科学知识。此外，它需要解决促进跨专业和跨专业行动能力的问题，以实现高质量的护理(Wissenschaftsrat, 2012;Walkenhorst, 2012)。叙述性文献综述的结果、结构化的内部讨论、专家访谈和各种内部和外部评估已被纳入国际政治经济学的新概念框架。研究表明，调整结构、模块时间序列和框架以促进跨专业实践是跨专业教育持续发展的必要步骤。此外，还确定和讨论了障碍和挑战。总体而言，由应用健康科学系不同小组的代表成员组成的IPE委员会持续而成功地协调和陪同了发展过程。
{"title":"Interprofessional education – structural and didactical challenges / Interprofessionelles Lehren, Lernen und Handeln – Strukturelle und didaktische Herausforderungen","authors":"M. Handgraaf, S. Dieterich, C. Grüneberg","doi":"10.1515/ijhp-2016-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijhp-2016-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract After five years of experience in interprofessional education (IPE) in the Bachelor programs occupational therapy, midwifery, nursing, speech therapy, and physiotherapy at the University of Applied Sciences in Bochum (Germany), we have systematically evaluated and substantially revised our IPE concept in 2014/15. The structural and curricular embedding of IPE throughout the course of the five Bachelor programs requires the development and ongoing evolution of a binding concept for the interprofessional competence development. This concept needs to be based on a systematic reflection of current practice and sound scientific knowledge concerning interprofessional topics. Furthermore, it needs to address the promotion of competencies to act inter- and transprofessionally to enable a high quality of care (Wissenschaftsrat, 2012; Walkenhorst, 2012). Results of narrative literature reviews, structured internal discussions, interviews of experts and various internal and external evaluations have been incorporated into a new conceptual framework for IPE. It has been shown that a revision of the structure, the temporal sequences of modules and the framework to facilitate interprofessional practice are essential steps for continuous development of interprofessional education. In addition, barriers and challenges are identified and discussed. Overall, the process of development has been coordinated and accompanied continuously and successfully by an IPE committee involving different groups of representative members from the Department of Applied Health Sciences.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"26 1","pages":"47 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83543047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Hübner, B. Babitsch, Stefanie Kortekamp, Nicole Egbert, A. Braun von Reinersdorff
Abstract The University Osnabrück and the University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück and regional partners recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding to establish a Healthcare Campus. The aim of the Healthcare Campus is to develop innovative concepts for delivering patient care in the Osnabrück region. It brings together academia, networks, enterprises, healthcare providers and local authorities. Financed by the State of Lower Saxony, the project „The Learning Healthcare System in the Region Osnabrück Emsland (ROSE)” is a central activity within the Healthcare Campus. This project makes use of the learning paradigm. Providing feedback is the driving mechanism to achieve progress. Research provides the feedback to the healthcare providers and local authorities, in order to optimise the current practice in urban and rural areas of the region. The feedback mechanism is based on data from practice, which play the central role in turning evidence-based-practice into practice-based-evidence and putting translation at the start, not at the end of the project. Both universities coordinate their activities within the ROSE project to attain the goals of the Healthcare Campus Osnabrück. The model with five measures for the implementation is presented. It builds upon the wealth of existing bachelor and masters programs in healthcare and unites research, PhD programs and translation of scientific results into practice.
{"title":"ROSE – the learning health care system in the Osnabrück-Emsland / ROSE – das lernende Gesundheitssystem in der Region Osnabrück-Emsland","authors":"U. Hübner, B. Babitsch, Stefanie Kortekamp, Nicole Egbert, A. Braun von Reinersdorff","doi":"10.1515/ijhp-2016-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijhp-2016-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The University Osnabrück and the University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück and regional partners recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding to establish a Healthcare Campus. The aim of the Healthcare Campus is to develop innovative concepts for delivering patient care in the Osnabrück region. It brings together academia, networks, enterprises, healthcare providers and local authorities. Financed by the State of Lower Saxony, the project „The Learning Healthcare System in the Region Osnabrück Emsland (ROSE)” is a central activity within the Healthcare Campus. This project makes use of the learning paradigm. Providing feedback is the driving mechanism to achieve progress. Research provides the feedback to the healthcare providers and local authorities, in order to optimise the current practice in urban and rural areas of the region. The feedback mechanism is based on data from practice, which play the central role in turning evidence-based-practice into practice-based-evidence and putting translation at the start, not at the end of the project. Both universities coordinate their activities within the ROSE project to attain the goals of the Healthcare Campus Osnabrück. The model with five measures for the implementation is presented. It builds upon the wealth of existing bachelor and masters programs in healthcare and unites research, PhD programs and translation of scientific results into practice.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"1 1","pages":"14 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88738566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract There are some significant differences between the health systems in German speaking Europe and Sweden: In Sweden, the number of hospitals is small, caregiving services in the hospital and ambulatory sector are integrated, health professionals with university degrees are granted extended competencies and rights incl. first line consultation and limited prescription. Education is designed to prepare for these functions and responsibilities. It started more than 30 years ago when Linköping implemented the OECD-model of Health Universities. Interprofessional teaching, common learning of the various tracks and training on real patients are constitutive elements of this novel approach. Karolinska University in Stockholm adopted the model in 1998 and gave way to a nationwide reform. A recommendation of the German Science Council regarding training of health professionals, published 2012, drew the attention of educators to this approach. The paper explains the circumstances of the consolidation of this concept. It is important to realize that overarching governance principles and measures deriving from health and education policy are of crucial importance. They evolve from evaluations of needs carried out by the regional health agencies which lead to conditional mandates and financial incentives to the education sector. Moreover, decisions taken by the national board for accreditation and quality assurance take also in account the goals set and the outcomes in education and caregiving. Outside Sweden they would be considered an inappropriate limitation of academic freedom.The paper ends with a reflection of impressions collected during a study trip and shows some lessons to be learnt from the Swedish education and practice.
{"title":"Interprofessional education and practice in Sweden / Interprofessionelle Bildung und Praxis in Schweden","authors":"B. Sottas, Christiane Mentrup, P. C. Meyer","doi":"10.1515/ijhp-2016-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijhp-2016-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are some significant differences between the health systems in German speaking Europe and Sweden: In Sweden, the number of hospitals is small, caregiving services in the hospital and ambulatory sector are integrated, health professionals with university degrees are granted extended competencies and rights incl. first line consultation and limited prescription. Education is designed to prepare for these functions and responsibilities. It started more than 30 years ago when Linköping implemented the OECD-model of Health Universities. Interprofessional teaching, common learning of the various tracks and training on real patients are constitutive elements of this novel approach. Karolinska University in Stockholm adopted the model in 1998 and gave way to a nationwide reform. A recommendation of the German Science Council regarding training of health professionals, published 2012, drew the attention of educators to this approach. The paper explains the circumstances of the consolidation of this concept. It is important to realize that overarching governance principles and measures deriving from health and education policy are of crucial importance. They evolve from evaluations of needs carried out by the regional health agencies which lead to conditional mandates and financial incentives to the education sector. Moreover, decisions taken by the national board for accreditation and quality assurance take also in account the goals set and the outcomes in education and caregiving. Outside Sweden they would be considered an inappropriate limitation of academic freedom.The paper ends with a reflection of impressions collected during a study trip and shows some lessons to be learnt from the Swedish education and practice.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"33 1","pages":"13 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79987642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The academization of health professions is a complex process, whose progress is denoted by the parallelism of different processes. These include for example the setup of scientific disciplines as well as the development of higher education concepts. Meanwhile, entering interprofessional teaching and work processes is demanded. This requirement is a chance and often a concern of specialist development. In this article, interprofessionalism is defined as a social construct and distinct object of research that is a crucial requirement for the academisation of health professions. The engagement with other professions and disciplines as outlined with exemplary processes is relevant for the development of specialist profiles and should be supported.
{"title":"The meaning of interprofessional education and collaborative practice for the academisation of health professions / Die Relevanz Interprofessioneller Lern- und Arbeitsprozesse im Kontext der Akademisierung der Gesundheitsberufe","authors":"Walkenhorst Ursula","doi":"10.1515/ijhp-2016-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ijhp-2016-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The academization of health professions is a complex process, whose progress is denoted by the parallelism of different processes. These include for example the setup of scientific disciplines as well as the development of higher education concepts. Meanwhile, entering interprofessional teaching and work processes is demanded. This requirement is a chance and often a concern of specialist development. In this article, interprofessionalism is defined as a social construct and distinct object of research that is a crucial requirement for the academisation of health professions. The engagement with other professions and disciplines as outlined with exemplary processes is relevant for the development of specialist profiles and should be supported.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"444 1","pages":"21 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82891197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wibke Hollweg, E. Beck, Katrin Schulenburg, S. Trock, J. Räbiger, Elke Kraus, T. Borde
Abstract Background At Alice Salomon University in Berlin, the project «Healthcare Professionals - Bachelor for Interprofessional Healthcare and Management» aims at developing a joint online, part-time study course for nursing staff, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and speech therapists. Objectives Based on innovative learning modules, the study course aims at improving inter-professional cooperation in healthcare, thus enhancing the quality of care for patients. Questions Do executives and professionals see a need for action with regard to interprofessional healthcare? How can employers support part-time students attending the study course alongside employment? Which requirements should the study course meet in terms of contents and structure to balance studies and employment? Methods Quantitative online survey among executives and professionals using questionnaires. A descriptive approach was employed to evaluate the quantitative data statistically. Results The executives› survey confirmed a definite need for enhanced skills acquired through higher education and revealed a strong wish for more interprofessional cooperation than what is commonly practiced in healthcare today. Innovative study formats and cooperation on the part of the employers are necessary to balance work and studies. Discussion The challenge now is conceptualizing a study course that promotes the online development of interprofessional and scientific skills, imparts future-oriented and practice-relevant contents and is flexible to accommodate the needs of employed, part-time students.
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