Abstract Background Health literacy is of growing importance in public health research in Germany. People with good health literacy are likely to make better health decisions. A large proportion of the German population, not just vulnerable groups, has a problematic or insufficient health literacy. Aims The study describes the health literacy of students at a German health university. It investigates the influence of sociodemographic and course-related factors on health literacy. The results are compared with those of the general population from Germany. Methodology Study participants were recruited by email. 203 students took part in the online survey (response rate 20.2%). From the European Health Literacy Questionaire 16 (HLS-EU-Q16) 127 datasets of students were completely available and were analyzed in this study. In addition to health literacy, sociodemographic and course-related factors were ascertained. Results 39 (30.7%) of the students have a sufficient or excellent health literacy. On average, health literacy is lower in the group of students of health-related courses (M=30.6) than in the normal German population (M=34.5). The levels are particularly low in the dimensions of appraising and applying of health information. Conclusion The results must be interpreted with care. They can be used as a base for long-term monitoring of students’ health literacy and provide starting points for health promotion within the academic setting. Students of health-related degree should be encouraged to reflect on their own and others health literacy, as this is important for their future work with patients or clients.
{"title":"Health literacy of students. Results of an online survey at the Bochum health university (Germany) / Gesundheitskompetenz Studierender – Ergebnisse einer Online-Befragung an der Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum","authors":"S. Reick, T. Hering","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Health literacy is of growing importance in public health research in Germany. People with good health literacy are likely to make better health decisions. A large proportion of the German population, not just vulnerable groups, has a problematic or insufficient health literacy. Aims The study describes the health literacy of students at a German health university. It investigates the influence of sociodemographic and course-related factors on health literacy. The results are compared with those of the general population from Germany. Methodology Study participants were recruited by email. 203 students took part in the online survey (response rate 20.2%). From the European Health Literacy Questionaire 16 (HLS-EU-Q16) 127 datasets of students were completely available and were analyzed in this study. In addition to health literacy, sociodemographic and course-related factors were ascertained. Results 39 (30.7%) of the students have a sufficient or excellent health literacy. On average, health literacy is lower in the group of students of health-related courses (M=30.6) than in the normal German population (M=34.5). The levels are particularly low in the dimensions of appraising and applying of health information. Conclusion The results must be interpreted with care. They can be used as a base for long-term monitoring of students’ health literacy and provide starting points for health promotion within the academic setting. Students of health-related degree should be encouraged to reflect on their own and others health literacy, as this is important for their future work with patients or clients.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"5 1","pages":"44 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81650098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kollmar, C. Hohenstein, Adriana Sabatino, B. Gantschnig
Abstract Introduction The effective use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication is challenging, not only for persons with complex communication needs, but also for their significant others. There is a need, therefore, for interprofessional collaboration in order to effectively assess, provide, and evaluate services. Aim The aim of this scoping review was to summarize current evidence in the field of Augmentative and Alternative Communication and reveal the demands for further research. Method We searched in the electronic databases Pubmed, AMED, and CINAHL using following keywords child*, disability, cerebral palsy, augmentative and alternative communication, intervention, and therapy to identify relevant literature. We summarised the content of the included studies. Results We included 16 literature reviews and 36 studies in this review. The 36 studies included 11 intervention studies, 20 descriptive studies, two experimental studies, and three studies evaluating assessments. Most of the studies were focussing on children with cerebral palsy and autism in the contexts of home, hospital, and primary school. There were no intervention studies, focusing on secondary and/or tertiary level of education or work. Moreover, we have not found any evidence from German speaking Europe. Conclusion In order to support the use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication and to enable participation of persons with complex communication needs, various endeavours are needed: in the practice of care settings interprofessional collaboration is required. Further research is needed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions, focussing on youth and the contexts of secondary and/or tertiary education or work, or on assessments.
{"title":"Augmentative and Alternative Communication – Scoping Review / Unterstützte Kommunikation – Scoping Review","authors":"A. Kollmar, C. Hohenstein, Adriana Sabatino, B. Gantschnig","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The effective use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication is challenging, not only for persons with complex communication needs, but also for their significant others. There is a need, therefore, for interprofessional collaboration in order to effectively assess, provide, and evaluate services. Aim The aim of this scoping review was to summarize current evidence in the field of Augmentative and Alternative Communication and reveal the demands for further research. Method We searched in the electronic databases Pubmed, AMED, and CINAHL using following keywords child*, disability, cerebral palsy, augmentative and alternative communication, intervention, and therapy to identify relevant literature. We summarised the content of the included studies. Results We included 16 literature reviews and 36 studies in this review. The 36 studies included 11 intervention studies, 20 descriptive studies, two experimental studies, and three studies evaluating assessments. Most of the studies were focussing on children with cerebral palsy and autism in the contexts of home, hospital, and primary school. There were no intervention studies, focusing on secondary and/or tertiary level of education or work. Moreover, we have not found any evidence from German speaking Europe. Conclusion In order to support the use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication and to enable participation of persons with complex communication needs, various endeavours are needed: in the practice of care settings interprofessional collaboration is required. Further research is needed in order to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions, focussing on youth and the contexts of secondary and/or tertiary education or work, or on assessments.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"17 1","pages":"108 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83039833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Conca, Doaa Ebrahim, Sandra Noack, A. Gabele, H. Weber, M. Prins, Anja Keller, Mariann Hari, A. Engel, Katharina Regez, Ursula Schild, P. Schuetz, B. Müller, S. Haubitz, Alexander Kutz, A. Huber, Lukas Faessler, Petra Schäfer-Keller
Abstract Background Elderly patients often need post-acute care after hospital discharge. Involvement of social workers can positively affect the discharge planning process. Aim To investigate the effect of screening patients at risk for post-acute care needs by social workers on time with respect to social workers’ notification, length of stay and delays in discharge compared to usual care. Methods Cluster randomized stepped wedge trial design for five clusters (wards) and two steps (control to intervention) was used. A total of 400 patients (200 per period) with high risk of post-acute care needs (defined as Post-Acute Care Discharge score, PACD ≥ 7) were included. Social workers performed a screening to decide about self-referral to their services (intervention period), which was compared to a highly structured standard SW notification by physicians and nurses (control period). A Generalized Estimating Equations model adjusted the clustering and baseline differences. Results A total of 139 patients were referred to social services (intervention: n = 76; control: n = 63). Time to social workers’ notification was significantly shorter in the intervention period when adjusted for all the differences in baseline (Mdn 1.2 vs 1.7, Beta = -0.73, 95%-CI 1.39 to -0.09). Both the length of stay and the delayed discharge time in nights showed no significant differences (Mdn 10.0 vs 9.1, Beta = -0.12, 95%-CI 0.46 to .22 nights 95%-CI, resp. Mdn 0.0 vs 0.0, Beta = .11, 95%-CI -0.64 to 0.86). Conclusion Screening speeded up social workers’ notification but did not accelerate the discharge processes. The screening by social workers might show process improvement in settings with less structured discharge planning.
背景老年患者出院后往往需要急性期后护理。社工的参与对出院计划过程有积极影响。目的探讨社工及时筛查有急症后护理需要的高危患者与常规护理相比，在社工通知、住院时间和延迟出院方面的影响。方法采用5个分组(病房)、2个步骤(对照至干预)的整群随机阶梯楔形试验设计。共纳入400例急性后护理需求高风险患者(每期200例)(定义为急性后护理出院评分，PACD≥7)。社会工作者进行筛选，以决定是否自我转介到他们的服务(干预期)，并将其与医生和护士高度结构化的标准SW通知(控制期)进行比较。一个广义估计方程模型调整聚类和基线差异。结果共139例患者转介到社会服务机构(干预:n = 76;对照组:n = 63)。在对所有基线差异进行调整后，干预期间社会工作者通知时间明显缩短(Mdn 1.2 vs 1.7, Beta = -0.73, 95% ci 1.39至-0.09)。住院时间和延迟出院时间均无显著差异(Mdn 10.0 vs 9.1, Beta = -0.12, 95%-CI 0.46 ~ 0.22)。Mdn 0.0 vs 0.0, Beta = 0.11, 95%-CI -0.64 ~ 0.86)。结论筛查加快了社工的通报速度，但没有加快出院进程。社会工作者的筛查可能会显示出在结构化出院计划较少的环境中流程的改善。
{"title":"Screening by Social Workers in Medical Patients with Risk of Post-Acute Care Needs: A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial / Evaluation eines Screenings durch Sozialarbeiter bei medizinischen Patienten mit einem Risiko für post-akuten Nachsorgebedarf: eine stepped wedge clusterrandomisierte Studie","authors":"A. Conca, Doaa Ebrahim, Sandra Noack, A. Gabele, H. Weber, M. Prins, Anja Keller, Mariann Hari, A. Engel, Katharina Regez, Ursula Schild, P. Schuetz, B. Müller, S. Haubitz, Alexander Kutz, A. Huber, Lukas Faessler, Petra Schäfer-Keller","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Elderly patients often need post-acute care after hospital discharge. Involvement of social workers can positively affect the discharge planning process. Aim To investigate the effect of screening patients at risk for post-acute care needs by social workers on time with respect to social workers’ notification, length of stay and delays in discharge compared to usual care. Methods Cluster randomized stepped wedge trial design for five clusters (wards) and two steps (control to intervention) was used. A total of 400 patients (200 per period) with high risk of post-acute care needs (defined as Post-Acute Care Discharge score, PACD ≥ 7) were included. Social workers performed a screening to decide about self-referral to their services (intervention period), which was compared to a highly structured standard SW notification by physicians and nurses (control period). A Generalized Estimating Equations model adjusted the clustering and baseline differences. Results A total of 139 patients were referred to social services (intervention: n = 76; control: n = 63). Time to social workers’ notification was significantly shorter in the intervention period when adjusted for all the differences in baseline (Mdn 1.2 vs 1.7, Beta = -0.73, 95%-CI 1.39 to -0.09). Both the length of stay and the delayed discharge time in nights showed no significant differences (Mdn 10.0 vs 9.1, Beta = -0.12, 95%-CI 0.46 to .22 nights 95%-CI, resp. Mdn 0.0 vs 0.0, Beta = .11, 95%-CI -0.64 to 0.86). Conclusion Screening speeded up social workers’ notification but did not accelerate the discharge processes. The screening by social workers might show process improvement in settings with less structured discharge planning.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"64 1","pages":"25 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84782963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background People with chronic diseases are often limited in their workability. Evaluating and enabling workability is central in rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate validity and utility of workability assessments in German for persons with chronic diseases. Methods The study is a systematic review. First, we systematically searched for literature in the databases Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane HTA Database, DARE, CCMed, Sowiport, and BASE using following keywords: evaluation tool, chronic disease, workability, validity, and utility. Then, we evaluated the content and the quality of the studies based on criteria and decided if they were included. Results In total, validity and utility of eight workability assessments are described based on 74 studies. The assessments are: Productivity Costs Questionnaire (iPCQ), Work Instability Scale for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA-WIS), Screening-Instrument Arbeit und Beruf (SIBAR), Screening-Instrument zur Feststellung des Bedarfs an medizinisch-beruflich orientierten Maßnahmen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation (SIMBO), Valuation of Lost Productivity Questionnaire (VOLP), Work Ability Index (WAI/ABI), Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI). Conclusion The results revealed the availability of eight workability assessments for persons with chronic diseases in German language. They have strengths and weaknesses in relation to the construct, purpose, application, and evidence base. These could be the base for choice of an assessment. Overall, we suggest using workability assessment in order to meet the legal requirements for the use of standardized assessments and the increasing demand to establish evidence of the effectiveness of interventions.
{"title":"Workability for persons with chronic diseases. A systematic review of validity and utility of assessments in German language / Valide und praktikable deutschsprachige Assessments zur Erfassung der Arbeitsfähigkeit bei Menschen mit chronischen Erkrankungen – eine systematische Review","authors":"T. Friedli, P. Villiger, B. Gantschnig","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background People with chronic diseases are often limited in their workability. Evaluating and enabling workability is central in rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate validity and utility of workability assessments in German for persons with chronic diseases. Methods The study is a systematic review. First, we systematically searched for literature in the databases Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane HTA Database, DARE, CCMed, Sowiport, and BASE using following keywords: evaluation tool, chronic disease, workability, validity, and utility. Then, we evaluated the content and the quality of the studies based on criteria and decided if they were included. Results In total, validity and utility of eight workability assessments are described based on 74 studies. The assessments are: Productivity Costs Questionnaire (iPCQ), Work Instability Scale for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA-WIS), Screening-Instrument Arbeit und Beruf (SIBAR), Screening-Instrument zur Feststellung des Bedarfs an medizinisch-beruflich orientierten Maßnahmen in der medizinischen Rehabilitation (SIMBO), Valuation of Lost Productivity Questionnaire (VOLP), Work Ability Index (WAI/ABI), Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI). Conclusion The results revealed the availability of eight workability assessments for persons with chronic diseases in German language. They have strengths and weaknesses in relation to the construct, purpose, application, and evidence base. These could be the base for choice of an assessment. Overall, we suggest using workability assessment in order to meet the legal requirements for the use of standardized assessments and the increasing demand to establish evidence of the effectiveness of interventions.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"39 1","pages":"72 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88365937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Given increasing requirements for health care services, interprofessional cooperation between healthcare professions has been recently gaining momentum. To ensure that cooperation with other healthcare professionals does not occur for the first time in clinical settings, several projects have been developed over the past years in Germany, aiming to prepare future clinicians for interprofessional cooperation during their study or vocational training programs. The conceptual diversity underlying these projects is reflected for instance in their target groups, as well as in their different structures, contents and aims. The prevailing heterogeneity in this field partly results of structural decisions made by project designers. The present study aims to explore the perspectives of experts involved in the development of those interprofessional education programs. Accordingly, this paper aims to provide information on the perspectives of a population which has until now received little consideration in this context, and to identify and describe opportunities and challenges for the implementation of interprofessional teaching and learning processes. Relevant categories providing a systematic representation of the study results could be extracted based on the content analysis of qualitative, semi-structured expert interviews. The study results show that interprofessional cooperation between health professions is inextricably linked with interprofessional education. At the same time, current projects and publications still rank low on the general and relevant policy-making agenda. This points to the need for the provision of more support and necessary structural and organizational conditions for interprofessional teaching, as well as to significantly intensify discussions on the topic on various levels.
{"title":"Interprofessional Education of Allied Health Professionals – Perspectives of Experts / Interprofessionelles Lehren und Lernen in den Gesundheitsprofessionen aus Sicht von Experten/-innen","authors":"D. Herinek, H. Wild, J. Herzberg","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Given increasing requirements for health care services, interprofessional cooperation between healthcare professions has been recently gaining momentum. To ensure that cooperation with other healthcare professionals does not occur for the first time in clinical settings, several projects have been developed over the past years in Germany, aiming to prepare future clinicians for interprofessional cooperation during their study or vocational training programs. The conceptual diversity underlying these projects is reflected for instance in their target groups, as well as in their different structures, contents and aims. The prevailing heterogeneity in this field partly results of structural decisions made by project designers. The present study aims to explore the perspectives of experts involved in the development of those interprofessional education programs. Accordingly, this paper aims to provide information on the perspectives of a population which has until now received little consideration in this context, and to identify and describe opportunities and challenges for the implementation of interprofessional teaching and learning processes. Relevant categories providing a systematic representation of the study results could be extracted based on the content analysis of qualitative, semi-structured expert interviews. The study results show that interprofessional cooperation between health professions is inextricably linked with interprofessional education. At the same time, current projects and publications still rank low on the general and relevant policy-making agenda. This points to the need for the provision of more support and necessary structural and organizational conditions for interprofessional teaching, as well as to significantly intensify discussions on the topic on various levels.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"126 1","pages":"14 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73395976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background The system of nursing care in Germany is currently changing. For years, a further development of cooperation in the health care sector has been discussed. And thus a change in the distribution of tasks between health care professions. In 2008, the legislature introduced the introduction of pilot projects for the transfer of medicinal tasks to nurses according to § 63 para. 3c Social Code V. The implementation is very sluggish. The aim of the study was to analyze the reasons for this sluggish implementation from the perspective of the statutory health insurance funds. Methods Quantitative survey of all statutory health insurance funds (n=124) in Germany. Results To ensure supply, 94 % of health insurance companies consider the transfer of medical tasks to non-medical care providers as a sensible approach. Also 96 % consider this to be very important in order to ensure care. Although 96 % of health insurance funds support the implementation of pilot projects, only 8 % are in fact involved in such contracts; 71 % do not plan own pilot projects for the future. In the view of the statutory health insurance funds, legal obstacles (90 %), resistance by medical representatives (84 %), unresolved financing (74 %) and liability issues (70 %) as well as non-applicable regulations in G-BA-directive (79 %) and the law (85 %). Less than half (46 %) of the health insurance companies suspect high costs causing the slow implementation. Discussion The amendments adopted by the legislature in the current reform of the law on care professions can be described as appropriate; in particular the fact that statutory health insurance funds should implement and carry out appropriate pilot projects by 31 December 2020.
{"title":"On the slow implementation of pilot projects: Suspected causes from the perspective of statutory health insurance funds / Zur zögerlichen Umsetzung von Modellvorhaben: vermutete Ursachen aus Sicht der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen","authors":"M. Wessels, Dorith Geuen","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The system of nursing care in Germany is currently changing. For years, a further development of cooperation in the health care sector has been discussed. And thus a change in the distribution of tasks between health care professions. In 2008, the legislature introduced the introduction of pilot projects for the transfer of medicinal tasks to nurses according to § 63 para. 3c Social Code V. The implementation is very sluggish. The aim of the study was to analyze the reasons for this sluggish implementation from the perspective of the statutory health insurance funds. Methods Quantitative survey of all statutory health insurance funds (n=124) in Germany. Results To ensure supply, 94 % of health insurance companies consider the transfer of medical tasks to non-medical care providers as a sensible approach. Also 96 % consider this to be very important in order to ensure care. Although 96 % of health insurance funds support the implementation of pilot projects, only 8 % are in fact involved in such contracts; 71 % do not plan own pilot projects for the future. In the view of the statutory health insurance funds, legal obstacles (90 %), resistance by medical representatives (84 %), unresolved financing (74 %) and liability issues (70 %) as well as non-applicable regulations in G-BA-directive (79 %) and the law (85 %). Less than half (46 %) of the health insurance companies suspect high costs causing the slow implementation. Discussion The amendments adopted by the legislature in the current reform of the law on care professions can be described as appropriate; in particular the fact that statutory health insurance funds should implement and carry out appropriate pilot projects by 31 December 2020.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"200 1","pages":"64 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80138574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Owing to ongoing changes in the working world and the resulting changing requirements of university graduates, requirements for teachers are continuously changing. Although this is currently being taken into account at universities, there is a need to take action in the area of fieldwork education. The aim was to create a skill profile for fieldwork educators in occupational therapy, thus providing a basis for fieldwork educators, universities, professional associations, and employers. This reflects on existing measures and generates new measures to facilitate quality improvement in the area of fieldwork education. Requirements were evaluated in two focus groups with a total of 14 practical training experts. Data were analysed within the scope of a qualitative content analysis and summarized in one profile. A total of 18 professional, methodical, social, and personal requirements were identified. Fieldwork educators are able to organise, take responsibility, have expertise, and prepare contents adapted to the needs of individual students. They guide, supervise, give feedback to students in a formative way, thereby assessing and supporting their personal development. Moreover, as communicators, they have a stable personality, are open for further development, flexible, and reflective. In order to meet these requirements, fieldwork educators must be fully committed. Moreover, the professional association needs to create a role model and provide task-specific cross-university training. It also requires the support of universities who are called upon to increase networking and communication with all parties involved and the support of the employers who need to provide additional time resources.
{"title":"Getting ready for fieldwork education! – Creation of a skill profile for fieldwork educators in occupational therapy / Fit für die Praktikumsanleitung? – Erstellung eines Anforderungsprofils für ergotherapeutische Praxislehrende","authors":"Elfriede Galler, R. Ruckser-Scherb","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Owing to ongoing changes in the working world and the resulting changing requirements of university graduates, requirements for teachers are continuously changing. Although this is currently being taken into account at universities, there is a need to take action in the area of fieldwork education. The aim was to create a skill profile for fieldwork educators in occupational therapy, thus providing a basis for fieldwork educators, universities, professional associations, and employers. This reflects on existing measures and generates new measures to facilitate quality improvement in the area of fieldwork education. Requirements were evaluated in two focus groups with a total of 14 practical training experts. Data were analysed within the scope of a qualitative content analysis and summarized in one profile. A total of 18 professional, methodical, social, and personal requirements were identified. Fieldwork educators are able to organise, take responsibility, have expertise, and prepare contents adapted to the needs of individual students. They guide, supervise, give feedback to students in a formative way, thereby assessing and supporting their personal development. Moreover, as communicators, they have a stable personality, are open for further development, flexible, and reflective. In order to meet these requirements, fieldwork educators must be fully committed. Moreover, the professional association needs to create a role model and provide task-specific cross-university training. It also requires the support of universities who are called upon to increase networking and communication with all parties involved and the support of the employers who need to provide additional time resources.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"2 1","pages":"146 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90079775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction While academics are frequently engaged in research activities and subsequent dissemination of results through publication, all too often they occur without health practitioner involvement. While there are contemporary expectations that health practitioners will be active contributors to their discipline’s body of knowledge, many find it difficult to prioritise research involvement given the demands of direct patient care. With this awareness as a central focus, we undertook a literature review to identify the challenges and facilitators that impact on health practitioners and academics working collaboratively on research and publishing their findings in peer-reviewed journals. Methods A configurative systematic review was performed with six electronic databases (Proquest, CINAHL, Medline, ScienceDirect, ERIC, SocINDEX) searched for studies from the disciplines of nursing, social work, allied health professions, health management, psychology and sociology. Manual searches were also undertaken to minimise the risk of missed studies. A rigorous search and retrieval process identified 20 relevant studies for inclusion in the review. The studies were first critically appraised then summarised. These steps were followed by thematic synthesis of the findings of the reviewed studies. Results Challenges and facilitators to health practitioners and academics working collaboratively on research activities were found to be related to the interplay between practitioners, academics, educational and health institutions and professional demands. The interplay of these factors emerged as complex. Conclusion Strategies have been recommended that may encourage active partnerships between institutions, health practitioners and academics enabling greater research collaborations and subsequent increased publication of their combined achievements.
{"title":"Challenges and facilitators for health practitioners and academics engaging in collaborative research and publication: A systematic review / Herausforderungen und Förderfaktoren für gemeinsame Forschung und wissenschaftliche Publikation von Angehörigen verschiedener Gesundheitsberufe aus Praxis und ","authors":"Lindy King, Tatjana Zlatanovic, David Gillham","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction While academics are frequently engaged in research activities and subsequent dissemination of results through publication, all too often they occur without health practitioner involvement. While there are contemporary expectations that health practitioners will be active contributors to their discipline’s body of knowledge, many find it difficult to prioritise research involvement given the demands of direct patient care. With this awareness as a central focus, we undertook a literature review to identify the challenges and facilitators that impact on health practitioners and academics working collaboratively on research and publishing their findings in peer-reviewed journals. Methods A configurative systematic review was performed with six electronic databases (Proquest, CINAHL, Medline, ScienceDirect, ERIC, SocINDEX) searched for studies from the disciplines of nursing, social work, allied health professions, health management, psychology and sociology. Manual searches were also undertaken to minimise the risk of missed studies. A rigorous search and retrieval process identified 20 relevant studies for inclusion in the review. The studies were first critically appraised then summarised. These steps were followed by thematic synthesis of the findings of the reviewed studies. Results Challenges and facilitators to health practitioners and academics working collaboratively on research activities were found to be related to the interplay between practitioners, academics, educational and health institutions and professional demands. The interplay of these factors emerged as complex. Conclusion Strategies have been recommended that may encourage active partnerships between institutions, health practitioners and academics enabling greater research collaborations and subsequent increased publication of their combined achievements.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"110 1","pages":"121 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86437940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper presents results of the research project „Gleichgeschlechtliche Lebensweisen und Selbstbestimmung im Alter“ (GLESA) by the Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, and the Berlin School of Economics and Law concerning the needs of gay and lesbian elders regarding long-term care. The main focus is on the expectations and perceptions of long-term care (facilities) of the interviewees living in a gay housing project in Berlin, Germany. The study is based on 26 interviews: with eleven gay, one lesbian and three heterosexual tenants – two of them lived in a shared community with long-term care services. Another eleven interviews were conducted with experts (five cis-female, four cis-male and two transgender) working in social and health services (social workers, carers and psychologists). The data was gathered via problem-centered interviews (Witzel 2000) and analysed with Mayrings‘ (2007) qualitative content analysis. Long-term care aspects were one out of five dimensions of the analysis. The study illustrates the discomfort of LGB elders regarding regular care services. The interviewees prefer LGB(T*I)-friendly facilities, in part because they demonstrate overt signs of diversity and promise a high competence of LGB(T*I) personnel in terms of self-determination, awareness, visibility and knowledge about LGBT*I communities. Finally, the authors advocate enhancing the concept of culture-sensitive long-term care according to diversity-sensitive aspects. A better understanding of diversity will help to better consider individuality and biographies in long-term care (facilities) and to support the social inclusion of LGB(T*I) elders in need of care.
本文介绍了柏林爱丽丝所罗门应用科学大学和柏林经济与法律学院关于男女同性恋老年人长期护理需求的研究项目“Gleichgeschlechtliche Lebensweisen und selbstbestimmuning im Alter”(GLESA)的结果。主要关注的是生活在德国柏林同性恋住房项目中的受访者对长期护理(设施)的期望和看法。这项研究基于26个访谈:11名男同性恋、1名女同性恋和3名异性恋房客——其中两人住在一个有长期护理服务的共同社区。与在社会和保健服务领域工作的专家(社会工作者、护理人员和心理学家)(5名顺式女性、4名顺式男性和2名跨性别者)进行了另外11次访谈。通过以问题为中心的访谈(Witzel 2000)收集数据，并使用Mayrings(2007)的定性内容分析进行分析。长期护理方面是分析的五个维度中的一个。这项研究说明了LGB老年人对常规护理服务的不适。受访者更喜欢LGB(T*I)友好的设施，部分原因是它们表现出明显的多样性迹象，并承诺LGB(T*I)人员在自主、意识、知名度和对LGBT*I社区的了解方面具有很高的能力。最后，笔者主张从多样性敏感性的角度出发，强化文化敏感性的长期护理理念。更好地了解多样性将有助于在长期护理(设施)中更好地考虑个性和传记，并支持需要照顾的LGB(T*I)长者的社会包容。
{"title":"A diversity-sensitive long-term care for gay and lesbian elders in need of care – Results of the research project GLESA / Eine diversitätssensible Pflege für schwule und lesbische Pflegebedürftige – Ergebnisse des Forschungsprojekts GLESA","authors":"R. Lottmann, Ingrid Kollak","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents results of the research project „Gleichgeschlechtliche Lebensweisen und Selbstbestimmung im Alter“ (GLESA) by the Alice Salomon University of Applied Sciences, Berlin, and the Berlin School of Economics and Law concerning the needs of gay and lesbian elders regarding long-term care. The main focus is on the expectations and perceptions of long-term care (facilities) of the interviewees living in a gay housing project in Berlin, Germany. The study is based on 26 interviews: with eleven gay, one lesbian and three heterosexual tenants – two of them lived in a shared community with long-term care services. Another eleven interviews were conducted with experts (five cis-female, four cis-male and two transgender) working in social and health services (social workers, carers and psychologists). The data was gathered via problem-centered interviews (Witzel 2000) and analysed with Mayrings‘ (2007) qualitative content analysis. Long-term care aspects were one out of five dimensions of the analysis. The study illustrates the discomfort of LGB elders regarding regular care services. The interviewees prefer LGB(T*I)-friendly facilities, in part because they demonstrate overt signs of diversity and promise a high competence of LGB(T*I) personnel in terms of self-determination, awareness, visibility and knowledge about LGBT*I communities. Finally, the authors advocate enhancing the concept of culture-sensitive long-term care according to diversity-sensitive aspects. A better understanding of diversity will help to better consider individuality and biographies in long-term care (facilities) and to support the social inclusion of LGB(T*I) elders in need of care.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"92 1","pages":"53 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82509351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The workforce shortage in health care is a major challenge worldwide. In Switzerland, this shortage is not only demographically caused but also due to workload. Adequate measures require a good data basis. The aim of this study is to test instrument specially developed for the health professions to measure work-related stress in practice. Cognitive pretesting was used for the evaluation. Overall, 18 semi-structured single-interviews with nurses and nursing assistants were conducted. In two rounds, the question-answer-process was analysed for 11 questions. The STRAIN questionnaire was then pretested by 17 health professionals. In the first round, 42 problems were identified based on the phases of the “Cognitive Aspects of Survey Methodology”. Of these, 57 % were comprehension problems. This was shown by the polysemantic usage or unknowingness of terms. Further 38 % were problems with the answer categories, such as a missing category or an inappropriate formulation. Further questions were modified through a final pretest. The uniform comprehensibility has been achieved. Due to the questionnaire length, an online tool with a save function should be used. The results of this study are similar to those of comparable studies, which also show the most common problems with understanding. This is due to changes of concepts’ meanings over time and culture. A cognitive pretest is therefore recommended, especially for a heterogeneous target group such as health professions.
{"title":"Cognitive Pretesting and pretest of the STRAIN questionnaire to elaborate work-related stress of health care staff in Switzerland / Verständlichkeitsprüfung und Pretest des STRAIN-Fragebogens zur Erhebung der Arbeitsbelastung bei Gesundheitsfachpersonen in der Schweiz","authors":"Christopher Golz, K. Peter, S. Hahn","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The workforce shortage in health care is a major challenge worldwide. In Switzerland, this shortage is not only demographically caused but also due to workload. Adequate measures require a good data basis. The aim of this study is to test instrument specially developed for the health professions to measure work-related stress in practice. Cognitive pretesting was used for the evaluation. Overall, 18 semi-structured single-interviews with nurses and nursing assistants were conducted. In two rounds, the question-answer-process was analysed for 11 questions. The STRAIN questionnaire was then pretested by 17 health professionals. In the first round, 42 problems were identified based on the phases of the “Cognitive Aspects of Survey Methodology”. Of these, 57 % were comprehension problems. This was shown by the polysemantic usage or unknowingness of terms. Further 38 % were problems with the answer categories, such as a missing category or an inappropriate formulation. Further questions were modified through a final pretest. The uniform comprehensibility has been achieved. Due to the questionnaire length, an online tool with a save function should be used. The results of this study are similar to those of comparable studies, which also show the most common problems with understanding. This is due to changes of concepts’ meanings over time and culture. A cognitive pretest is therefore recommended, especially for a heterogeneous target group such as health professions.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"42 1","pages":"109 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87033532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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