Abstract Objectives Analysis of barriers, facilitators and concepts to implement delirium prevention programs in German and Austrian hospitals. Materials and Methods Qualitative, semi-structured expert interviews with 9 leaders of delirium prevention programs in Germany and Austria. Results Leaders described delirium incidence reduction, higher standards in hospital care for older patients, and improvement of employee satisfaction as goals for their delirium prevention pro-gram. Barriers were described with fragmented hospital care structures – regarding sections and professional background of the staff – and lack of financial resources. Facilitators were named with acknowledging delirium prevention successes of known community leaders and building interest groups and networks. For the implementation of their delirium prevention program, hospitals used working groups and networks to benefit from outside perspectives on their implementation process. Conclusion Although delirium prevention is associated with cost savings in hospital procedures, program leaders described a lack of financial resources to implement delirium prevention programs. To face the demographic shift in hospital care, it is vital to implement national health care funding for delirium prevention programs. Currently, hospital leaders described an undersupply of older patients with delirium in German and Austrian hospital care.
{"title":"Delirium-Prevention Programs in German and Austrian Hospitals – Views on Goals, Barriers, Facilitators and Implementation Procedures: A Qualitative Telephone Study / Programme zur Delirprävention in deutschsprachigen Krankenhäusern: eine qualitative, telefonische Befragung zu den Zielstellungen, Bar","authors":"M. Wübbeler, Sandra Bachmann, Julia Bringemeier","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Analysis of barriers, facilitators and concepts to implement delirium prevention programs in German and Austrian hospitals. Materials and Methods Qualitative, semi-structured expert interviews with 9 leaders of delirium prevention programs in Germany and Austria. Results Leaders described delirium incidence reduction, higher standards in hospital care for older patients, and improvement of employee satisfaction as goals for their delirium prevention pro-gram. Barriers were described with fragmented hospital care structures – regarding sections and professional background of the staff – and lack of financial resources. Facilitators were named with acknowledging delirium prevention successes of known community leaders and building interest groups and networks. For the implementation of their delirium prevention program, hospitals used working groups and networks to benefit from outside perspectives on their implementation process. Conclusion Although delirium prevention is associated with cost savings in hospital procedures, program leaders described a lack of financial resources to implement delirium prevention programs. To face the demographic shift in hospital care, it is vital to implement national health care funding for delirium prevention programs. Currently, hospital leaders described an undersupply of older patients with delirium in German and Austrian hospital care.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"7 1","pages":"58 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78591967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Infant cry classification can be performed in two ways: computational classification of cries or auditory discrimination by human listeners. This article compares both approaches. An auditory listening experiment was performed to examine if various listener groups (naive listeners, parents, nurses/midwives and therapists) were able to distinguish auditorily between healthy and pathological cries as well as to differentiate various pathologies from each other. Listeners were trained in hearing cries of healthy infants and cries of infants suffering from cleft-lip-and-palate, hearing impairment, laryngomalacia, asphyxia and brain damage. After training, a listening experiment was performed by allocating 18 infant cries to the cry groups. Multiple supervised-learning classifications models were calculated on the base of the cries’ acoustic properties. The accuracy of the models was compared to the accuracy of the human listeners. With a Kappa value of 0.491, listeners allocated the cries to the healthy and the five pathological groups with moderate performance. With a sensitivity of 0.64 and a specificity of 0.89, listeners were able to identify that a cry is a pathological one with higher confidence than separating between the single pathologies. Generalized linear mixed models found no significant differences between the classification accuracy of the listener groups. Significant differences between the pathological cry types were found. Supervised-learning classification models performed significantly better than the human listeners in classifying infant cries. The models reached an overall Kappa value of up to 0.837.
{"title":"Comparison of Supervised-Learning Models and Auditory Discrimination of Infant Cries for the Early Detection of Developmental Disorders / Vergleich von Supervised-Learning Klassifikationsmodellen und menschlicher auditiver Diskriminationsfähigkeit zur Unterscheidung von Säuglingsschreien mit kongeni","authors":"Tanja Fuhr, Henning Reetz, Carla Wegener","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Infant cry classification can be performed in two ways: computational classification of cries or auditory discrimination by human listeners. This article compares both approaches. An auditory listening experiment was performed to examine if various listener groups (naive listeners, parents, nurses/midwives and therapists) were able to distinguish auditorily between healthy and pathological cries as well as to differentiate various pathologies from each other. Listeners were trained in hearing cries of healthy infants and cries of infants suffering from cleft-lip-and-palate, hearing impairment, laryngomalacia, asphyxia and brain damage. After training, a listening experiment was performed by allocating 18 infant cries to the cry groups. Multiple supervised-learning classifications models were calculated on the base of the cries’ acoustic properties. The accuracy of the models was compared to the accuracy of the human listeners. With a Kappa value of 0.491, listeners allocated the cries to the healthy and the five pathological groups with moderate performance. With a sensitivity of 0.64 and a specificity of 0.89, listeners were able to identify that a cry is a pathological one with higher confidence than separating between the single pathologies. Generalized linear mixed models found no significant differences between the classification accuracy of the listener groups. Significant differences between the pathological cry types were found. Supervised-learning classification models performed significantly better than the human listeners in classifying infant cries. The models reached an overall Kappa value of up to 0.837.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"33 1","pages":"18 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74161408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. O. Ikhilor, Tabea Brändle, Salome Pulver, Elisabeth Kurth
Abstract Perinatal health disadvantage of migrants is exacerbated in presence of language barriers. Interpreting has the potential to optimize both, communication and outcome of mother and child. In Switzerland, a regional midwifery network provides access to telephone interpreting services although it is not remunerated by health insurances, and thus, is often impeded. This study examined usefulness, areas of use and difficulties of telephone interpreting in home postpartum care by midwives. Data was collected between September 2013 and March 2016 by midwives of the network. The questionnaire contained multiplechoice questions, a visual analogue scale and free-text fields. 46 questionnaires were evaluated. 10 out of 29 specially trained midwives exerted the service. Telephone interpreting was primarily used to record women’s concerns and provide information. The main topics were the somatic health of mother and child, breastfeeding, and more rarely psychosocial issues and information on care provision. Achieved understanding, increased women’s satisfaction and improved health competence were the perceived advantages in using the service. Difficulties, especially with the extra time needed for the consultation, insufficient telephone connection and professionality of the telephone interpreter, were stated less often. Overall, the midwives estimated the benefits of telephone interpreting for the quality of care with 7.4 out of 10 possible points. Although telephone interpreting improved the quality of care, midwives did infrequently use it. Specific training and video interpreting have the potential to increase the quality of the interpreted conversations and to minimize possible hurdles. Psychosocial issues should be addressed more intensively.
{"title":"Telephone Interpreting in Home Postpartum Care of Allophone Migrant Women by Midwives / Telefondolmetschen in der geburtshilflichen Nachbetreuung von fremdsprachigen Migrantinnen durch Hebammen zu Hause","authors":"P. O. Ikhilor, Tabea Brändle, Salome Pulver, Elisabeth Kurth","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Perinatal health disadvantage of migrants is exacerbated in presence of language barriers. Interpreting has the potential to optimize both, communication and outcome of mother and child. In Switzerland, a regional midwifery network provides access to telephone interpreting services although it is not remunerated by health insurances, and thus, is often impeded. This study examined usefulness, areas of use and difficulties of telephone interpreting in home postpartum care by midwives. Data was collected between September 2013 and March 2016 by midwives of the network. The questionnaire contained multiplechoice questions, a visual analogue scale and free-text fields. 46 questionnaires were evaluated. 10 out of 29 specially trained midwives exerted the service. Telephone interpreting was primarily used to record women’s concerns and provide information. The main topics were the somatic health of mother and child, breastfeeding, and more rarely psychosocial issues and information on care provision. Achieved understanding, increased women’s satisfaction and improved health competence were the perceived advantages in using the service. Difficulties, especially with the extra time needed for the consultation, insufficient telephone connection and professionality of the telephone interpreter, were stated less often. Overall, the midwives estimated the benefits of telephone interpreting for the quality of care with 7.4 out of 10 possible points. Although telephone interpreting improved the quality of care, midwives did infrequently use it. Specific training and video interpreting have the potential to increase the quality of the interpreted conversations and to minimize possible hurdles. Psychosocial issues should be addressed more intensively.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"7 1","pages":"46 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90413963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Beck, Christine Bluemke, Wibke Holweg, T. Borde
Abstract A new bachelor course of study started at 01.10.2018. It‘s an online offer for competence development in interprofessional cooperation. The target group are professionally experienced health professionals from therapy and care. By the end of July 2020, the extra-occupational study format, the media didactic online-based concept and the contents will be tested and evaluated. The continuing development of technology-supported learning/teaching scenarios will be incorporated into the further development of the online study ofering, as will the evaluation results from the pilot phase of the course.
{"title":"Studying from the Sofa. Contribution to the HoGe conference 2018 „Digital learning and teaching“ / Studieren vom Sofa aus.Beitrag zur HoGe–Tagung 2018 „Digitales Lernen und Lehren“","authors":"E. Beck, Christine Bluemke, Wibke Holweg, T. Borde","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A new bachelor course of study started at 01.10.2018. It‘s an online offer for competence development in interprofessional cooperation. The target group are professionally experienced health professionals from therapy and care. By the end of July 2020, the extra-occupational study format, the media didactic online-based concept and the contents will be tested and evaluated. The continuing development of technology-supported learning/teaching scenarios will be incorporated into the further development of the online study ofering, as will the evaluation results from the pilot phase of the course.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"1 1","pages":"102 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78594770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Educational strategies often derive from ideas of eminent founders. They convey traditional conceptions of good practice and professional identity. However, the environment changes dramatically. Megatrends such as multimorbidity, staff shortage, claims for outcome proofs, expectations of the Millennials, and also digitalization produce slow but steady efects. Yet, the question if education adequately tackles the challenges is avoided. Strategy papers show that arrangements and instruments have been adapted, but not contents. Deficits are visible primarily in facing the digital transformation which goes along with the implementation of industrial management models. Staf shortage and rising demands ease the introduction of digital assistants and robots also in Europe. Those entering a health profession shall have androids as colleagues. One should, therefore, not expect that conventional concepts about caregiving as exclusive human relation building will persist. In addition, professional may experience a hurtful transition from evidence-based to algorithm-based practice. Discussions about digital transformation are strikingly lopsided. Efficiency, cost containment and safety are prominent arguments, some also promise more time for patients. Besides the aspect of being replaced, it is not asked what happens to the individuals and professionals. One could e. g. ask in which way artificial intelligence shapes human interaction and professional practice, participation, self-determination, patient orientation, therapeutic strategies and adherence. Instead of improving skills for tablets and tools, education should ask how professions and professionals can adequately be prepared to co-work with machines which may take decisions and conduct processes, and which may be considered more reliable colleagues by employers.
{"title":"Blind Flight into the eHealth World? Deficits in the education of health professionals hamper process of professionalization. Contribution to the HoGe conference 2018 „Digital learning and teaching“ / Blindflug in die eHealth-Welt? Bildungsdefizite machen Professionalisierungsbemühungen der Gesundhe","authors":"B. Sottas","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Educational strategies often derive from ideas of eminent founders. They convey traditional conceptions of good practice and professional identity. However, the environment changes dramatically. Megatrends such as multimorbidity, staff shortage, claims for outcome proofs, expectations of the Millennials, and also digitalization produce slow but steady efects. Yet, the question if education adequately tackles the challenges is avoided. Strategy papers show that arrangements and instruments have been adapted, but not contents. Deficits are visible primarily in facing the digital transformation which goes along with the implementation of industrial management models. Staf shortage and rising demands ease the introduction of digital assistants and robots also in Europe. Those entering a health profession shall have androids as colleagues. One should, therefore, not expect that conventional concepts about caregiving as exclusive human relation building will persist. In addition, professional may experience a hurtful transition from evidence-based to algorithm-based practice. Discussions about digital transformation are strikingly lopsided. Efficiency, cost containment and safety are prominent arguments, some also promise more time for patients. Besides the aspect of being replaced, it is not asked what happens to the individuals and professionals. One could e. g. ask in which way artificial intelligence shapes human interaction and professional practice, participation, self-determination, patient orientation, therapeutic strategies and adherence. Instead of improving skills for tablets and tools, education should ask how professions and professionals can adequately be prepared to co-work with machines which may take decisions and conduct processes, and which may be considered more reliable colleagues by employers.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"7 1","pages":"68 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85624038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background The academisation of the therapy professions occupational therapy, speech therapy and physiotherapy in Germany has created new challenging constellations. Tensions can be seen in the intraprofessional cooperation of professionally qualified employers and academic employees due to identical work contents and equal pay. Question How do professionally trained leaders experience the intraprofessional cooperation of professionally trained and academic employees? Aim The study describes from the point of view of professionally trained therapists their experiences in their daily work with academic employees in order to derive opportunities, challenges and success factors in intraprofessional cooperation. Method A qualitative content analysis with computer support in MAXQDA of n=9 semi-structured focussed interviews from a two-arm cross-sectional study with extern method triangulation is presented. The data are supplemented by n=85 free text entries of two online surveys. Results The interviewed leaders welcome academisation because of the promotion of professional stability, social recognition and the advancement of research. In the intradisciplinary cooperation with their academic colleagues there is a predominantly friendly and equal working atmosphere. However, interviewees report a limited creativity of academic employees in practical work, as well as fluctuations with unsatisfying practical commitment due to a low occupational perspective and poor remuneration. Discussion While academic employees are eager to expand their practical work, this can only be achieved by providing time and financial resources from practice management. Structural incentives must be provided by more responsibility, extended fields of activity or qualification and performance-related remuneration models in order to retain academic employees in practice.While academic employees are eager to expand their practical work, this can only be achieved by providing time and financial resources from practice management. Structural incentives must be provided by more responsibility, extended fields of activity or qualification and performance-related remuneration models in order to retain academic employees in practice.
{"title":"Views of practice owners on intraprofessional cooperation in teams of professionally trained and academic therapists / Sichtweisen von Praxisinhabern/-innen auf die intraprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit in Teams von berufsfachschulisch ausgebildeten und akademisierten Therapeuten/-innen","authors":"Andreas Schönfeld, C. Luderer","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The academisation of the therapy professions occupational therapy, speech therapy and physiotherapy in Germany has created new challenging constellations. Tensions can be seen in the intraprofessional cooperation of professionally qualified employers and academic employees due to identical work contents and equal pay. Question How do professionally trained leaders experience the intraprofessional cooperation of professionally trained and academic employees? Aim The study describes from the point of view of professionally trained therapists their experiences in their daily work with academic employees in order to derive opportunities, challenges and success factors in intraprofessional cooperation. Method A qualitative content analysis with computer support in MAXQDA of n=9 semi-structured focussed interviews from a two-arm cross-sectional study with extern method triangulation is presented. The data are supplemented by n=85 free text entries of two online surveys. Results The interviewed leaders welcome academisation because of the promotion of professional stability, social recognition and the advancement of research. In the intradisciplinary cooperation with their academic colleagues there is a predominantly friendly and equal working atmosphere. However, interviewees report a limited creativity of academic employees in practical work, as well as fluctuations with unsatisfying practical commitment due to a low occupational perspective and poor remuneration. Discussion While academic employees are eager to expand their practical work, this can only be achieved by providing time and financial resources from practice management. Structural incentives must be provided by more responsibility, extended fields of activity or qualification and performance-related remuneration models in order to retain academic employees in practice.While academic employees are eager to expand their practical work, this can only be achieved by providing time and financial resources from practice management. Structural incentives must be provided by more responsibility, extended fields of activity or qualification and performance-related remuneration models in order to retain academic employees in practice.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"401 1","pages":"103 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84849339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Diagnostic ability is essential for expert professional practice. Several instruments have been developed to assess diagnostic skills independent of specific knowledge. One such instrument is the diagnostic thinking inventory (DTI), which is used in different settings to evaluate diagnostic performance and has shown acceptable reliability and validity. The aim of the present study was to translate and validate a German version (DTI-G). Cultural adaptation and translation were performed according to international guidelines. Internal consistency and item discrimination indexes were calculated. The factorial structure of the DTI-G, test-retest reliability and known-groups validity were tested. A total of 388 physiotherapists completed the questionnaire. The internal consistency was good for the overall score of the DTI-G (Cronbach’s a = 0.84). Exploratory factor analysis yielded a five-factor solution with 21 items that explained 55% of the total variance across items. A confirmatory principal component analysis resulted in the same five-factor structure, showing an acceptable to good overall fit of the model (CFI = 0.93; RMSEA = 0.05; SRMR = 0.06). Test-retest reliability was found to be good (intraclass correlation coefficient ICC2,1 = 0.87, p < 0.001, n = 118). The difference between participants with more than 9 years of clinical experience and those with less than 9 years of clinical experience (median split) was significant (t385 = 6.00, p < 0.001), supporting known-groups validity. The results support construct validity and indicate good test-retest reliability of the DTI-G. The DTI-G can be used to measure and develop diagnostic ability of physiotherapists in clinical practice and education. Further research is necessary to validate the questionnaire for other health professions.
摘要诊断能力是专家专业实践的必要条件。已经开发了几种工具来评估独立于特定知识的诊断技能。其中一种工具是诊断思维量表(DTI)，它在不同的环境中用于评估诊断性能，并显示出可接受的信度和效度。本研究的目的是翻译和验证德文版本(DTI-G)。文化适应和翻译是按照国际准则进行的。计算了内部一致性指标和项目识别指标。检验DTI-G的因子结构、重测信度和已知组效度。共有388名物理治疗师完成了问卷调查。DTI-G总分的内部一致性较好(Cronbach’s a = 0.84)。探索性因素分析产生了一个包含21个项目的五因素解决方案，解释了项目间总方差的55%。验证性主成分分析得出相同的五因子结构，表明模型的总体拟合可以接受(CFI = 0.93;Rmsea = 0.05;SRMR = 0.06)。重测信度良好(类内相关系数ICC2,1 = 0.87, p < 0.001, n = 118)。临床经验大于9年的参与者与临床经验小于9年的参与者(中位数分裂)之间的差异显著(t385 = 6.00, p < 0.001)，支持已知组效度。结果支持结构效度，表明DTI-G具有良好的重测信度。DTI-G可以用来衡量和发展物理治疗师在临床实践和教育中的诊断能力。需要进一步的研究来验证其他卫生专业人员的问卷。
{"title":"Cultural adaption and validation of the German version of the diagnostic thinking inventory (DTI-G) / Ein Instrument zur Erhebung diagnostischer Kompetenz: Validierung und kulturelle Adaptation des Diagnostic Thinking Inventory (DTI-G)","authors":"A. Schäfer, Britta Sebelin, L. Spitzer","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Diagnostic ability is essential for expert professional practice. Several instruments have been developed to assess diagnostic skills independent of specific knowledge. One such instrument is the diagnostic thinking inventory (DTI), which is used in different settings to evaluate diagnostic performance and has shown acceptable reliability and validity. The aim of the present study was to translate and validate a German version (DTI-G). Cultural adaptation and translation were performed according to international guidelines. Internal consistency and item discrimination indexes were calculated. The factorial structure of the DTI-G, test-retest reliability and known-groups validity were tested. A total of 388 physiotherapists completed the questionnaire. The internal consistency was good for the overall score of the DTI-G (Cronbach’s a = 0.84). Exploratory factor analysis yielded a five-factor solution with 21 items that explained 55% of the total variance across items. A confirmatory principal component analysis resulted in the same five-factor structure, showing an acceptable to good overall fit of the model (CFI = 0.93; RMSEA = 0.05; SRMR = 0.06). Test-retest reliability was found to be good (intraclass correlation coefficient ICC2,1 = 0.87, p < 0.001, n = 118). The difference between participants with more than 9 years of clinical experience and those with less than 9 years of clinical experience (median split) was significant (t385 = 6.00, p < 0.001), supporting known-groups validity. The results support construct validity and indicate good test-retest reliability of the DTI-G. The DTI-G can be used to measure and develop diagnostic ability of physiotherapists in clinical practice and education. Further research is necessary to validate the questionnaire for other health professions.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"85 1","pages":"32 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90976412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Frech, M. Nagl-Cupal, A. Leu, G. Schulze, Anna-Maria Spittel, S. Kaiser
Abstract Introduction Children and adolescents with caring responsibility who are looking after a family member or a person close are often hiding from the view of the public. They are not well recognised from professionals from health care, education and social services. Several research as well as support programmes have been initiated within the last years. It became obvious that the term ‘young carers’ was translated in various ways into German and connected with different attributes. An integral understanding is yet of high relevance for the international dialogue as well as for the transfer from theory to practice. Aim The aim of this article is to analyse and conceptualize the use of different terminologies for ‘young carers’ by professionals when providing support for these young people. A definition for the target population was developed for German speaking countries that will provide the groundwork for the scientific and public discourse. Methods A concept analysis by Walker und Avant (2014) was conducted. Results The analysis illustrated the various use of terms as well as defining key characteristics – the presence of an ill person that needs support, the age of these young people, the tasks they perform as well as the involved high responsibility. Discussion Not all children of family members or persons close who have an illness or impairment perform a support role. Only part of these young people take on caring tasks and provide support on a significant level. Conclusion The analysis showed the need for a clarification of the terms used in German speaking countries for ‘young carers’. A commonly applied definition enables an identification of the target group by professionals and the persons concerned. Additionally, it facilitates the alignment to the proceeding international discourse.
摘要:肩负关爱责任的儿童和青少年在照顾家庭成员或亲近的人时，往往躲在公众的视线之外。他们没有得到保健、教育和社会服务专业人员的充分认可。在过去几年中已经开始了若干研究和支助方案。很明显，“年轻的照顾者”这个词在德语中被以各种方式翻译，并与不同的属性联系在一起。一个完整的理解对于国际对话以及从理论到实践的转移具有高度的相关性。这篇文章的目的是分析和概念化专业人士在为这些年轻人提供支持时对“年轻照顾者”的不同术语的使用。为讲德语的国家制定了目标人口的定义，这将为科学和公共话语提供基础。方法Walker und Avant(2014)的概念分析。结果分析说明了术语的各种用法以及关键特征的定义-需要支持的病人的存在，这些年轻人的年龄，他们执行的任务以及所涉及的高责任。并不是所有患有疾病或残疾的家庭成员或亲近的人的孩子都扮演着支持的角色。这些年轻人中只有一部分承担了照顾他人的任务，并在很大程度上提供了支持。分析表明，有必要澄清德语国家对“年轻看护人”的称呼。一个普遍适用的定义使专业人员和有关人员能够确定目标群体。此外，它有助于与正在进行的国际话语保持一致。
{"title":"Who are „Young Carers”? Analysis of the Use of the Term in German Speaking Countries and Development of a Definition / Wer sind Young Carers? Analyse der Begriffsverwendung im deutschsprachigen Raum und Entwicklung einer Definition","authors":"M. Frech, M. Nagl-Cupal, A. Leu, G. Schulze, Anna-Maria Spittel, S. Kaiser","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Children and adolescents with caring responsibility who are looking after a family member or a person close are often hiding from the view of the public. They are not well recognised from professionals from health care, education and social services. Several research as well as support programmes have been initiated within the last years. It became obvious that the term ‘young carers’ was translated in various ways into German and connected with different attributes. An integral understanding is yet of high relevance for the international dialogue as well as for the transfer from theory to practice. Aim The aim of this article is to analyse and conceptualize the use of different terminologies for ‘young carers’ by professionals when providing support for these young people. A definition for the target population was developed for German speaking countries that will provide the groundwork for the scientific and public discourse. Methods A concept analysis by Walker und Avant (2014) was conducted. Results The analysis illustrated the various use of terms as well as defining key characteristics – the presence of an ill person that needs support, the age of these young people, the tasks they perform as well as the involved high responsibility. Discussion Not all children of family members or persons close who have an illness or impairment perform a support role. Only part of these young people take on caring tasks and provide support on a significant level. Conclusion The analysis showed the need for a clarification of the terms used in German speaking countries for ‘young carers’. A commonly applied definition enables an identification of the target group by professionals and the persons concerned. Additionally, it facilitates the alignment to the proceeding international discourse.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"13 1","pages":"19 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74328913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gibt es Besonderheiten bei der Pflege von älteren, pflegebedürftigen Lesben und Schwulen?1 Das Forschungsprojekt „Gleichgeschlechtliche Lebensweisen und Selbstbestimmung im Alter“ (GLESA) ist als eines der ersten in Deutschland dieser Frage nachgegangen und hat damit neue Einblicke in das Schnittfeld Alternsforschung, Pflegewissenschaften und Queer Studies geschaffen. Den Anlass für die Studie gab das 2012 eröffnete Wohnund Ralf Lottmann1*, Ingrid Kollak1
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B. D. Rapphold, P. Metzenthin, M. Oertle, Kaspar Küng
Abstract Objectives This study was carried out in a Swiss acute care community hospital to investigate the frequency, type, causes and potential clinical consequences of medication errors (MEs) caused by nurses and physicians in all stages of a technology-supported medication process, the relationship between the nurses’ workload and the medication administration errors (MAEs) and their reason for workload. Methods In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a questionnaire, the adapted Medication Error Self Reporting Tool (A-MESRT), was used to identify MEs in all stages of the medication process and record nurses’ self-perceived workload during medication administration. Results A total of 1936 completed A-MESRTs were returned. A total of 751 (38.8%) respondents reported different MEs. The highest number of errors occurred during medication administration (43%), followed by errors during dispensing (34%) and physician ordering errors using a computerised physician order entry (CPOE) system (23%). Of the 768 (100%) handwritten orders, 232 (30.2%) were erroneous. Moreover, the greater the individual nurse’s workload during a shift, the higher was the relative probability of committing an MAE (χ2 = 85.479, df = 1, OR = 2.129, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the three main causes of high or very high workload were revealed: (1) many newly operated patients to monitor; (2) complex multimorbid patients, for example, those with delirium; and (3) patients with complications after surgery. Conclusion The A-MESRT showed that the highest rate of MEs caused by nurses and physicians is in the non-technologically supported steps, demonstrating the potential benefits of a technology-supported medication process. Moreover, this study revealed a statistically significant correlation between nurses’ workload and MAEs.
摘要目的本研究在瑞士一家急症护理社区医院开展，调查护士和医生在技术支持的用药过程中各阶段引起的用药错误(MEs)的频率、类型、原因和潜在的临床后果，护士工作量与用药错误(MEs)的关系及其工作量的原因。方法在这项描述性横断面研究中，采用一份问卷，即适应性用药错误自我报告工具(a - mesrt)，来识别用药过程中各个阶段的用药错误，并记录护士在给药过程中自我感知的工作量。结果共回收A- mests 1936份。共有751名(38.8%)受访者填报不同的MEs。最多的错误发生在给药期间(43%)，其次是配药期间的错误(34%)和使用计算机化医嘱输入(CPOE)系统的医嘱错误(23%)。在768份(100%)手写订单中，232份(30.2%)是错误的。此外，轮班期间护士个体工作量越大，发生MAE的相对概率越高(χ2 = 85.479, df = 1, OR = 2.129, p < 0.001)。此外，还揭示了高或极高工作量的三个主要原因:(1)新手术患者较多;(2)复杂的多病患者，如谵妄患者;(3)患者术后并发症。结论a - mesrt显示，由护士和医生引起的MEs发生率最高的是在非技术支持的步骤，这表明了技术支持的用药过程的潜在益处。此外，本研究发现护士工作量与MAEs之间存在显著的统计学相关性。
{"title":"Medication Errors Caused by Nurses and Physicians in a Swiss Acute Care Community Hospital: Frequency and Correlation to Nurses’ Reported Workload / Von Pflegefachpersonen und Ärzten/-innen verursachte Medikamentenfehler in einem Schweizer Akutspital: Häufigkeit und Korrelation zur Arbeitsbelastung ","authors":"B. D. Rapphold, P. Metzenthin, M. Oertle, Kaspar Küng","doi":"10.2478/ijhp-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ijhp-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives This study was carried out in a Swiss acute care community hospital to investigate the frequency, type, causes and potential clinical consequences of medication errors (MEs) caused by nurses and physicians in all stages of a technology-supported medication process, the relationship between the nurses’ workload and the medication administration errors (MAEs) and their reason for workload. Methods In this descriptive cross-sectional study, a questionnaire, the adapted Medication Error Self Reporting Tool (A-MESRT), was used to identify MEs in all stages of the medication process and record nurses’ self-perceived workload during medication administration. Results A total of 1936 completed A-MESRTs were returned. A total of 751 (38.8%) respondents reported different MEs. The highest number of errors occurred during medication administration (43%), followed by errors during dispensing (34%) and physician ordering errors using a computerised physician order entry (CPOE) system (23%). Of the 768 (100%) handwritten orders, 232 (30.2%) were erroneous. Moreover, the greater the individual nurse’s workload during a shift, the higher was the relative probability of committing an MAE (χ2 = 85.479, df = 1, OR = 2.129, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the three main causes of high or very high workload were revealed: (1) many newly operated patients to monitor; (2) complex multimorbid patients, for example, those with delirium; and (3) patients with complications after surgery. Conclusion The A-MESRT showed that the highest rate of MEs caused by nurses and physicians is in the non-technologically supported steps, demonstrating the potential benefits of a technology-supported medication process. Moreover, this study revealed a statistically significant correlation between nurses’ workload and MAEs.","PeriodicalId":91706,"journal":{"name":"International journal of health professions","volume":"9 1","pages":"15 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82211718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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