Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.120
Cheng Lai Sheung Winnie
{"title":"Are Nursing Students in Hong Kong well-prepared for Urinary incontinence care?","authors":"Cheng Lai Sheung Winnie","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45169339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.122
W. Florence
Heart failure (HF) is one of the major health concerns worldwide due to high incidence and mortality. HF patients experience high level of psychological distress, particularly anxiety and depression. To increase survival rate, implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) acts as a life-savor to deliver immediate shock to correct life-threatening arrhythmias as HF patients are the high-risk population for sudden cardiac arrest. It was attributed to unpredictable ICD shock. Moreover, some studies reported that ICD can improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among HF patients. However, ICD was evidenced to increase anxiety and depression. Psychological distress can also impair HRQoL of ICD patients. Due to different health conditions and health needs, ICD patients with and without HF can perceive different degrees of heightened psychological distress and declined HRQoL. Although the number of HF patients receiving ICD implantation has been increasing, inadequate knowledge is reported about their psychological status and HRQoL. To improve current ICD care to patients with and without HF, this study aimed to compare psychological status (anxiety and depression) and HRQoL and identify the relationships of personal and clinical characteristics with psychological status and HRQoL between ICD patients with and without HF. A total of 139 ICD patients were recruited, including 68 patients with HF. Those with HF perceived relatively higher depression and poorer physical HRQoL. Patients without HF who were married perceived better physical and mental health. Patients with HF who were more dependent have heightened anxiety and depression. The results shed light on the differences from the level of anxiety and depression among ICD patients with and without HF as well as their HRQoL so that ICD care for these two specific ICD patient groups can be directed. Family involvement is more significant for patients with and without HF. KeywordsImplantable cardioverter defibrillator, heart failure, psychological distress, health-related quality of life
{"title":"Health-related quality of life and psychological distress in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients with and without heart failure","authors":"W. Florence","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.122","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure (HF) is one of the major health concerns worldwide due to high incidence and mortality. HF patients experience high level of psychological distress, particularly anxiety and depression. To increase survival rate, implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) acts as a life-savor to deliver immediate shock to correct life-threatening arrhythmias as HF patients are the high-risk population for sudden cardiac arrest. It was attributed to unpredictable ICD shock. Moreover, some studies reported that ICD can improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among HF patients. However, ICD was evidenced to increase anxiety and depression. Psychological distress can also impair HRQoL of ICD patients. Due to different health conditions and health needs, ICD patients with and without HF can perceive different degrees of heightened psychological distress and declined HRQoL. Although the number of HF patients receiving ICD implantation has been increasing, inadequate knowledge is reported about their psychological status and HRQoL. To improve current ICD care to patients with and without HF, this study aimed to compare psychological status (anxiety and depression) and HRQoL and identify the relationships of personal and clinical characteristics with psychological status and HRQoL between ICD patients with and without HF. A total of 139 ICD patients were recruited, including 68 patients with HF. Those with HF perceived relatively higher depression and poorer physical HRQoL. Patients without HF who were married perceived better physical and mental health. Patients with HF who were more dependent have heightened anxiety and depression. The results shed light on the differences from the level of anxiety and depression among ICD patients with and without HF as well as their HRQoL so that ICD care for these two specific ICD patient groups can be directed. Family involvement is more significant for patients with and without HF. KeywordsImplantable cardioverter defibrillator, heart failure, psychological distress, health-related quality of life","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41580333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.117
Luk Hi Kwan Bronya
Surrogacy is always a controversial topic in the world, especially when it is with payment. In this article, the issues about the surrogacy and its risks the women’s health, treating women as a commodity, constitutes babies-selling, changes the traditional family structure and values, degrades women productive dignity and exploits women from lower social stratum have been discussed. In Hong Kong, surrogacy is not against the law. However, using it for commercial surrogacy is prohibited. Surrogacy is gaining popularity in the West. However, it is still not widely accepted because of the strong sense of blood ties within the family in Chinese society. The non-commercialization and non-enforcement approaches of surrogacy are adopted in Hong Kong to protect the welfare of the child and the surrogate mother to uphold family values and family integrity, as well as to keep the commercial market out of family relationships.
{"title":"Is Surrogacy Morally Acceptable in Hong Kong?","authors":"Luk Hi Kwan Bronya","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.117","url":null,"abstract":"Surrogacy is always a controversial topic in the world, especially when it is with payment. In this article, the issues about the surrogacy and its risks the women’s health, treating women as a commodity, constitutes babies-selling, changes the traditional family structure and values, degrades women productive dignity and exploits women from lower social stratum have been discussed. In Hong Kong, surrogacy is not against the law. However, using it for commercial surrogacy is prohibited. Surrogacy is gaining popularity in the West. However, it is still not widely accepted because of the strong sense of blood ties within the family in Chinese society. The non-commercialization and non-enforcement approaches of surrogacy are adopted in Hong Kong to protect the welfare of the child and the surrogate mother to uphold family values and family integrity, as well as to keep the commercial market out of family relationships.","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41409054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.131
Maki Matsuo
— The aim of this study is to identify relationships between striving for work-life balance (S-WLB), sense of coherence (SOC), and intention to leave among hospital nurses. In August of 2017, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey to 2239 nurses at nine public hospitals. The questionnaire included demographic factors, work environmental factors, organizational factors, striving for worklife balance, a 13-item SOC, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and intention to leave. We carried out a multiple regression analysis with intention to leave as the dependent variable and others as independent variables. We obtained valid responses from 1368 full-time employed nurses (61.1%). The mean age of respondents was 36.38 ± 10.18 years, and the length of clinical experience 13.4 ± 9.65 years. The mean total score of the intention to leave was 14.58 ± 5.09. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, the S-WLB and the SOC were found to be statistically related to the intention to leave even after controlling for the confounding factor of burnout. In addition, the satisfaction of desire level for the actual working assignment at the workplace was a significant independent factor. In this study, the full-time nursing staff had a low intention to leave score when they had a high score in the S-WLB and the SOC. It was also found that the level of satisfaction with appointment to a desired assignment is a significant factor in the intention to leave. In establishing an attractive workplace for nursing staff, it is important to create a workplace environment and supports to be able to properly evaluate workplace satisfaction after assignments are made while taking into account individual S-WLB and SOC functions.
{"title":"Factors related to hospital nurse intention to leave: Does striving for work-life balance and sense of coherence affect wishes to stay in the organization?","authors":"Maki Matsuo","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.131","url":null,"abstract":"— The aim of this study is to identify relationships between striving for work-life balance (S-WLB), sense of coherence (SOC), and intention to leave among hospital nurses. In August of 2017, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey to 2239 nurses at nine public hospitals. The questionnaire included demographic factors, work environmental factors, organizational factors, striving for worklife balance, a 13-item SOC, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and intention to leave. We carried out a multiple regression analysis with intention to leave as the dependent variable and others as independent variables. We obtained valid responses from 1368 full-time employed nurses (61.1%). The mean age of respondents was 36.38 ± 10.18 years, and the length of clinical experience 13.4 ± 9.65 years. The mean total score of the intention to leave was 14.58 ± 5.09. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, the S-WLB and the SOC were found to be statistically related to the intention to leave even after controlling for the confounding factor of burnout. In addition, the satisfaction of desire level for the actual working assignment at the workplace was a significant independent factor. In this study, the full-time nursing staff had a low intention to leave score when they had a high score in the S-WLB and the SOC. It was also found that the level of satisfaction with appointment to a desired assignment is a significant factor in the intention to leave. In establishing an attractive workplace for nursing staff, it is important to create a workplace environment and supports to be able to properly evaluate workplace satisfaction after assignments are made while taking into account individual S-WLB and SOC functions.","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45976195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.116
K. Lam
{"title":"Emergency Nurses’ Experience on End-of-life Care: An Integrative Review","authors":"K. Lam","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47028844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.121
C. L. Winnie
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted infection common in teenagers and adults in their early 20s. Some types of HPV are associated with 90% of cervical cancer around the world. The risk of HPV infection in women can be reduced by giving HPV vaccine to girls beginning at the age of 9, as recommended by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). For children and young adolescents, parental decision on HPV vaccination is crucial for the uptake of HPV vaccine rate. This study explored the factors influencing parental decisions on HPV vaccination for their daughters. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between February and March 2017. Data were collected from parents of girls aged 9 to 17 (n=420, 100 % response rate) in Hong Kong. A validated 27-item questionnaire was used to elicit parents’ knowledge on HPV and HPV vaccine, barriers to HPV vaccination, and willingness toward vaccinating their daughter(s). Results: Only 59.6% of respondents were aware of the HPV vaccine before this study. Among the parents who were aware of the vaccine, around 32% had already vaccinated their daughters. Majority (83%) of the parents had heard of HPV, but the knowledge levels were poor (70% scored below average). The reasons parents did not vaccinate their daughters were fear of the side-effects of the vaccine (85.7%) and feared the vaccine would affect the immune system of their daughters (38.5%); around 18% believed that HPV vaccination would encourage early sexual activity or promiscuity. More than half of the respondents (69.7%) were willing to vaccine their daughter(s). Conclusions: Given the evidence of suboptimal awareness about HPV vaccination, education and promotional strategies should be enhanced. Interventions should address parental concerns about the misconceptions between vaccination and early sexual activity and promiscuity. KeywordsHuman papillomavirus (HPV), parental decision, HPV vaccine, sexually transmitted infection (STI), cervical cancer
{"title":"Parental decision about human papillomavirus vaccination for their daughters","authors":"C. L. Winnie","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.121","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted infection common in teenagers and adults in their early 20s. Some types of HPV are associated with 90% of cervical cancer around the world. The risk of HPV infection in women can be reduced by giving HPV vaccine to girls beginning at the age of 9, as recommended by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). For children and young adolescents, parental decision on HPV vaccination is crucial for the uptake of HPV vaccine rate. This study explored the factors influencing parental decisions on HPV vaccination for their daughters. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between February and March 2017. Data were collected from parents of girls aged 9 to 17 (n=420, 100 % response rate) in Hong Kong. A validated 27-item questionnaire was used to elicit parents’ knowledge on HPV and HPV vaccine, barriers to HPV vaccination, and willingness toward vaccinating their daughter(s). Results: Only 59.6% of respondents were aware of the HPV vaccine before this study. Among the parents who were aware of the vaccine, around 32% had already vaccinated their daughters. Majority (83%) of the parents had heard of HPV, but the knowledge levels were poor (70% scored below average). The reasons parents did not vaccinate their daughters were fear of the side-effects of the vaccine (85.7%) and feared the vaccine would affect the immune system of their daughters (38.5%); around 18% believed that HPV vaccination would encourage early sexual activity or promiscuity. More than half of the respondents (69.7%) were willing to vaccine their daughter(s). Conclusions: Given the evidence of suboptimal awareness about HPV vaccination, education and promotional strategies should be enhanced. Interventions should address parental concerns about the misconceptions between vaccination and early sexual activity and promiscuity. KeywordsHuman papillomavirus (HPV), parental decision, HPV vaccine, sexually transmitted infection (STI), cervical cancer","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42338592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.115
K. Lam
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breast Self-examination among Nursing Students in Hong Kong: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"K. Lam","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48137365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.126
T. Machida
— In December 2012 a norovirus infection outbreak occurred in the Orthopedic Surgery Ward of Hospital A in Japan. This study aims to establish details of coping behaviors used by nurses, physicians, physiotherapists, and pharmacists of the facility, and examine the issues involved in infection control by team collaboration as well as the ways employed to deal with the infections. Participants in this study were thirty-seven medical professionals who were working in the Orthopedic Surgery Ward of Hospital A at the time the infection outbreak occurred, and who were still working there when the interviews were conducted. Interviews were conducted from January to April 2015, and the data from the interviews were analyzed using the “Trend Search 2008” text mining software. As a result of the analysis it was found that the nurses primarily communicated information by passing messages to the nurses who took over the duty at shift changes, but did not pass on the information to staff in other occupations or to the ward as a whole. The nurses clearly remembered that the ward was closed and it was a difficult experience, but did not remember details of the patients they were in charge of. The physicians clearly remembered individual patients they were in charge of, but they were not aware of the situation and state throughout the ward. The findings suggest that this difference is due to the differences in the occupational nature and sense of values of the staff involved. It is also found that physiotherapists did not feel a sense of crisis about the norovirus outbreak because they felt the patients in the ward appeared to be in better condition than patients in other wards, and that pharmacists lacked communication with staff in other occupations because they usually have heavy workloads. In concept mappings of physicians, physiotherapists, and pharmacists, the keyword places in the center of the maps, and is linked to and . Because the nurse plays a central role to report information among the four occupations, nurses should be aware of and assigned to play the role to coordinate team collaboration.
{"title":"Coping Behaviors and Collaboration among Staff of Multiple Occupation Classifications during Norovirus","authors":"T. Machida","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.126","url":null,"abstract":"— In December 2012 a norovirus infection outbreak occurred in the Orthopedic Surgery Ward of Hospital A in Japan. This study aims to establish details of coping behaviors used by nurses, physicians, physiotherapists, and pharmacists of the facility, and examine the issues involved in infection control by team collaboration as well as the ways employed to deal with the infections. Participants in this study were thirty-seven medical professionals who were working in the Orthopedic Surgery Ward of Hospital A at the time the infection outbreak occurred, and who were still working there when the interviews were conducted. Interviews were conducted from January to April 2015, and the data from the interviews were analyzed using the “Trend Search 2008” text mining software. As a result of the analysis it was found that the nurses primarily communicated information by passing messages to the nurses who took over the duty at shift changes, but did not pass on the information to staff in other occupations or to the ward as a whole. The nurses clearly remembered that the ward was closed and it was a difficult experience, but did not remember details of the patients they were in charge of. The physicians clearly remembered individual patients they were in charge of, but they were not aware of the situation and state throughout the ward. The findings suggest that this difference is due to the differences in the occupational nature and sense of values of the staff involved. It is also found that physiotherapists did not feel a sense of crisis about the norovirus outbreak because they felt the patients in the ward appeared to be in better condition than patients in other wards, and that pharmacists lacked communication with staff in other occupations because they usually have heavy workloads. In concept mappings of physicians, physiotherapists, and pharmacists, the keyword <nurses> places in the center of the maps, and is linked to <information> and <report>. Because the nurse plays a central role to report information among the four occupations, nurses should be aware of and assigned to play the role to coordinate team collaboration.","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41445955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.124
Sachie Tomita
— Purpose: This study aims to understand the assertiveness of preceptors of novice nurses and factors affecting the assertiveness through a longitudinal perspective. Methods: Anonymous self-rating questionnaire surveys were administered to 1292 preceptors working in participating city and university hospitals across Japan (August, 2013 (baseline) and March, 2014 (second survey)). The surveys had question items from the Japanese version of the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (J-RAS, 30 items), demographic details of the participants, evaluation of novice nurses by preceptors, instruction framework, self-evaluation of preceptors, working environment, and a burnout inventory (Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, 22 items). Bivariate analyses (T-tests and one-way analysis of variance) were conducted using assertiveness of the second survey as the objective variable, and other items of the baseline survey as explanatory variables. Selecting variables with p values smaller than 0.2 obtained in the bivariate analysis as explanatory variables, a multiple linear regression analysis (Stepwise method) was conducted. For the analyses, we used a statistics analysis software, SPSS Statistic 22. Results: Choosing 836 valid respondents of the baseline survey as a cohort group, we repeated the survey 8 months after the baseline survey to identify the factors affecting the assertiveness of preceptors of novice nurses. Excluding 62 who had missing values in the question items for assertiveness, 472 participants who were followed were included in analyses. As the results, following factors were found to affect the assertiveness: thinking that ‘they make rapid decisions’, and that ‘they are valuable as others’. Further, participants who have higher total burnout scores had lower assertiveness. Adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.153. Discussion: It can be inferred that the assertiveness of preceptors is higher than that of novice nurses measured by the J-RAS used in this study, and lower than that of administrative nurses. The assertiveness of preceptors was higher among participants who evaluated themselves positively, thinking that ‘they make rapid decisions’, and that ‘they are valuable as others’. It was also found that higher ‘total burnout scores’ was a factor that lowers the assertiveness. These findings suggest that a positive self-evaluation improves assertiveness and helps to prevent burnout.
{"title":"Longitudinal study on factors affecting assertiveness among preceptors of novice nurses","authors":"Sachie Tomita","doi":"10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.124","url":null,"abstract":"— Purpose: This study aims to understand the assertiveness of preceptors of novice nurses and factors affecting the assertiveness through a longitudinal perspective. Methods: Anonymous self-rating questionnaire surveys were administered to 1292 preceptors working in participating city and university hospitals across Japan (August, 2013 (baseline) and March, 2014 (second survey)). The surveys had question items from the Japanese version of the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (J-RAS, 30 items), demographic details of the participants, evaluation of novice nurses by preceptors, instruction framework, self-evaluation of preceptors, working environment, and a burnout inventory (Japanese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, 22 items). Bivariate analyses (T-tests and one-way analysis of variance) were conducted using assertiveness of the second survey as the objective variable, and other items of the baseline survey as explanatory variables. Selecting variables with p values smaller than 0.2 obtained in the bivariate analysis as explanatory variables, a multiple linear regression analysis (Stepwise method) was conducted. For the analyses, we used a statistics analysis software, SPSS Statistic 22. Results: Choosing 836 valid respondents of the baseline survey as a cohort group, we repeated the survey 8 months after the baseline survey to identify the factors affecting the assertiveness of preceptors of novice nurses. Excluding 62 who had missing values in the question items for assertiveness, 472 participants who were followed were included in analyses. As the results, following factors were found to affect the assertiveness: thinking that ‘they make rapid decisions’, and that ‘they are valuable as others’. Further, participants who have higher total burnout scores had lower assertiveness. Adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.153. Discussion: It can be inferred that the assertiveness of preceptors is higher than that of novice nurses measured by the J-RAS used in this study, and lower than that of administrative nurses. The assertiveness of preceptors was higher among participants who evaluated themselves positively, thinking that ‘they make rapid decisions’, and that ‘they are valuable as others’. It was also found that higher ‘total burnout scores’ was a factor that lowers the assertiveness. These findings suggest that a positive self-evaluation improves assertiveness and helps to prevent burnout.","PeriodicalId":91870,"journal":{"name":"GSTF journal of nursing and health care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48343384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-24DOI: 10.5176/2345-7198_4.1.139
M. Sato
In Japan cancer has been the most common cause of deaths since 1981, and effort has been made to provide countermeasure for cancers. The key to countermeasures is for the general population including cancer patients to know about and overcome cancer. Because the development of cancer is related to lifestyle, it is necessary to work at preventing cancer with attention to the conduct of daily life. The five-year relative survival rate registered in the community from 2006 to 2008 was 62.1%, and this illustrates that there are many cancer survivors leading daily lives after contracting cancer. Uterine cancer was the fifth most common in cancer in 2013. However, it is an important object of the treatment to prevent postoperative complications in gynecologic cancer patients, such as development of lymphedema, because it is reported that the survival rate of uterine cancer is high. The incidence of lymphedema is reported to be between 27.2% and 42% in Japan. Once lymphedema develops, it is difficult to cure, making prevention of the onset an important issue. As a result of the multiple logistic regression analysis performed here using patients where the right femoral circumference increased 2 cm or more as an objective variable, there were differences between the groups analyzed (intervention and control). Compared to the intervention group, 4.46 times more patients in the control group had increases in the right femoral circumference by 2 cm or more. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of an intervention program to promote self-management to prevent lymphedema development after gynecological cancer surgery, and examined the effectiveness at 12 months after the surgery. From the results it can be inferred that observing the lymphedema symptoms including measuring and recording of femoral circumferences and body weight by patients themselves influenced the promotion of self-management. Six months after the surgery, there were significantly more patients who developed lymphedema in the control group, but there were no differences between the groups at 12 months after the surgery. Lymphedema development after gynecological cancer surgery appears about 2.6 months after surgery and chronic lymphedema often appears around 9.7 months after surgery. It can be inferred that this difference is due to the temporary improvement of lymphatic reflux after the improvement of edema. The difference in femoral circumferences is sometimes used as one diagnostic tool for the determination of lymphedema. In this study, we compared the right femoral circumferences before discharge and 12 months after the surgery. Mild lymphedema is defined as larger than 10 mm but smaller than 20 mm in any dimension. In severe cases, a dimension may be larger than 20 mm]. In this study, we performed a multiple logistic regression analysis by defining the patients with lymphedema as patients whose right femoral circumference is increased more than 2 cm. The analysis showed the followi
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