GSTF journal of nursing and health care最新文献

英文中文

Awareness of Dengue Fever among the Urban Youth in Colombo and its Suburbs, Sri Lanka in November 2014 2014年11月，斯里兰卡科伦坡及其郊区城市青年对登革热的认识

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-11-03 DOI: 10.5176/2315-4330_WNC15.52

A. Nazeer, T. D. Silva

The study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding dengue infection that the laymen should have specifically in facing the consequences that comes after acquiring the infection. Dengue fever is a serious disease condition going on in Sri Lanka which is transmitted by carrier mosquitos Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. According to the epidemiology unit of health ministry Sri Lanka, 57.82% out of 23,355 cases reported in the year 2014 by July are from the western province. In this research dengue awareness among young people in Colombo and its suburbs, especially after acquiring the infection is assessed, in November 2014.The objective of this study was to assess the dengue awareness and knowledge that the laymen should have especially in facing the events that comes after acquiring the infection, among the youth in Colombo and its suburbs. A descriptive study was done on 150 individuals residing in Colombo and its suburbs within the age range of 16-25 years using a simple online questionnaire, which was provided to the participants via a popular online social network. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. Though 90% of the participants knew common signs and symptoms of fever, only 48% knew the specific symptoms of dengue fever. 66% knew that the same set of drugs given for general body aches cannot be given in dengue fever. The only satisfactory result obtained was that 86% knew blood tests are done to detect dengue. Though only 16% of the participants had sufficient knowledge on contra indicated food, 66% knew the reasons for the contra indication, showing the overall knowledge in contraindicated food is poor. Only 32% had a clear idea on the popular indigenous practice of papaya leaf extracts as a treatment, that is there is only a possibility of curing dengue. 86% knew that some official should be informed when there is an infection going on in an area, other than hospitalization, while only 52% knew where and whom to inform. The study revealed that the urban youth in Sri Lanka lacks sufficient awareness and knowledge that they should have in facing the events that comes after acquiring the infection.

进行这项研究是为了评估外行人在面对感染后的后果时应掌握的关于登革热感染的知识。登革热是斯里兰卡正在发生的一种严重疾病，由埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊传播。据斯里兰卡卫生部流行病学股称，截至7月，2014年报告的23,355例病例中有57.82%来自西部省份。本研究于2014年11月评估了科伦坡及其郊区年轻人的登革热意识，特别是在感染后。本研究的目的是评估科伦坡及其郊区青年的登革热意识和知识，特别是在面对感染后发生的事件时。对居住在科伦坡及其郊区的150名年龄在16-25岁之间的个人进行了一项描述性研究，使用了一份简单的在线问卷，该问卷通过一个流行的在线社交网络提供给参与者。收集的数据采用描述性统计和分析性统计进行分析。虽然90%的参与者知道发烧的常见症状和体征，但只有48%的人知道登革热的具体症状。66%的人知道，治疗一般身体疼痛的同一套药物不能用于治疗登革热。获得的唯一令人满意的结果是86%的人知道进行血液检查以检测登革热。虽然只有16%的参与者对禁忌食品有足够的知识，但66%的参与者知道禁忌食品的原因，表明对禁忌食品的整体知识很差。只有32%的人对流行的土著做法木瓜叶提取物作为一种治疗方法有明确的想法，即只有治愈登革热的可能性。86%的人知道，当一个地区发生感染时，应该通知一些官员，而不是住院，而只有52%的人知道在哪里和通知谁。该研究表明，斯里兰卡的城市青年缺乏足够的意识和知识，他们应该面对感染后发生的事件。

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引用次数: 2

Supporting nursing leadership by the implementation of an increased supervisory role 通过加强监督作用来支持护理领导

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-11-03 DOI: 10.5176/2315-4330_WNC15.70

J. Rankin, C. McGuire, L. Matthews, M. Russell, D. Ray

Clinical nurse leadership is essential for the provision of high quality patient care. Recent research has highlighted the need for all Senior Charge Nurses (SCNs) to be equipped to deliver effective ward management, staff development and ultimately a positive patient experience. The provision of ‘supervisory hours’ is a vital component of an SCN role, enabling the effective leadership of their teams. This paper describes the increased supervisory role implemented by the Leading Better Care program within one Health Board area of Scotland. Mixed methods research (online survey n=52 and in-depth qualitative interviews n=12) explored the experiences of SCNs using their increased supervisory time and its perceived impact on clinical practice. Findings demonstrate that increased supervisory time positively impacted several key areas of clinical practice. Although the increased supervisory role empowered SCNs and promoted their professional development, they require greater role clarity, managerial support and leadership development to reduce role stress and promote future career aspirations.

临床护士的领导对于提供高质量的病人护理是必不可少的。最近的研究强调，所有高级主管护士(SCNs)都需要配备有效的病房管理，员工发展和最终积极的患者体验。提供“监督时数”是首席协调员角色的重要组成部分，使他们能够有效地领导他们的团队。本文描述了在苏格兰的一个卫生委员会区域内，由领导更好的护理方案实施的加强监督作用。混合方法研究(在线调查n=52和深度定性访谈n=12)探讨了scn使用其增加的监督时间的经验及其对临床实践的感知影响。研究结果表明，增加监督时间对临床实践的几个关键领域产生了积极影响。虽然管理角色的增加赋予了SCNs权力并促进了他们的专业发展，但他们需要更明确的角色，管理支持和领导力发展，以减少角色压力并促进未来的职业抱负。

引用次数: 1

Spirituality and Self-Reclamation: A Response to Nursing on the Margins of the Profession 灵性与自我修复:对护理专业边缘的回应

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-08-27 DOI: 10.5176/2315-4330_WNC15.91

J. Etowa

This paper focuses on spirituality and religious faith as a significant resource in the lives of Black nurses in a Nova Scotia, Canada. It argues that as a valuable source of self-identity and meaning-making, spirituality merits serious consideration in nursing research. This treatment of the subject brings together current attention to the work-life experiences of minority nurses in Canada’s healthcare system and new interest in spirituality as inherent to nursing care. Validating the spiritual strength and sensitivity expressed by the Black nurses would both allow the nurses to be wholly themselves as nurses, and make that strength and sensitivity available to a healthcare system that has need of them. It might be possible to bring both minority group nurses and spirituality back from the margins of the nursing profession,

本文主要关注精神和宗教信仰作为加拿大新斯科舍省黑人护士生活中的重要资源。它认为，作为自我认同和意义创造的宝贵来源，灵性值得在护理研究中认真考虑。这个主题的治疗汇集了当前关注的工作生活经验的少数民族护士在加拿大的医疗保健系统和精神作为护理固有的新兴趣。证实黑人护士所表达的精神力量和敏感性既可以让护士完全成为自己的护士，也可以让需要她们的医疗系统获得这种力量和敏感性。也许有可能把少数族裔护士和灵性从护理职业的边缘带回来，

引用次数: 2

Health Risks Associated with Nurse Night Shift Work: A Systematic Review 与护士夜班工作相关的健康风险:一项系统综述

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-08-27 DOI: 10.5176/2315-4330_WNC15.144

Vickie Hughes

The purpose of this systematic review is to examine health risks associated with nurse shift work. An electronic literature search for “Health Risks Nurse Night Shift” was conducted using Pubmed, CINAHL, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition databases. Inclusion criteria used was English language, full text available, and published dates between January 1, 2004 and March 1, 2015. Based on the search criteria a total of 90 articles were identified. Abstracts for the articles were reviewed for relevance and duplicate citations removed for a total of 33 articles being included in the review. Identified health risks associated with nurse night shift work included breast cancer, fractures, obesity, type 2 diabetes, menstrual irregularities, stroke, cardiovascular disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and depression. Rotating night shift work was associated with a decreased risk of developing Parkinson’s disease and skin cancer. Future research should focus on effective interventions to decrease health risks associated with prolonged nurse night shift rotations.

本系统综述的目的是检查与护士轮班工作相关的健康风险。使用Pubmed、CINAHL和Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition数据库对“健康风险护士夜班”进行电子文献检索。纳入标准为英文，全文可用，出版日期为2004年1月1日至2015年3月1日。根据检索标准，共确定了90篇文章。对文章的摘要进行相关性审查，并删除重复引用，共纳入综述的33篇文章。与护士夜班工作相关的健康风险包括乳腺癌、骨折、肥胖、2型糖尿病、月经不规律、中风、心血管疾病、肠易激综合征和抑郁症。轮班夜班与患帕金森病和皮肤癌的风险降低有关。未来的研究应侧重于有效的干预措施，以减少与长时间护士夜班轮转相关的健康风险。

引用次数: 3

A Conceptual Framework for Barriers to the Recruitment and Retention of Rural CVD Participants in Behavior Intervention Trials. 行为干预试验中农村心血管疾病参与者招募和保留障碍的概念框架。

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-08-01 Epub Date: 2015-09-24 DOI: 10.5176/2010-4804_2.2.71

Lufei Young, Melody Montgomery, Sue Barnason, Cindy Schmidt, Van Do

Background: Rural residents diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or with CVD-related risks are underrepresented in behavioral intervention trials based on an extensive review of published studies. The low participation rate of rural residents weakens both the internal and external validity of published studies. Moreover, compared to urban residents, limited research exists to describe the unique barriers that limit the participation of rural residents in behavioral intervention trials.

Objective: The purpose of this review is to identify a conceptual framework (CF) underpinning common barriers faced by rural CVD patients to enroll in behavioral intervention trials.

Methods: We conducted a literature review using several electronic databases to obtain a representative sample of research articles, synthesized the evidence, and developed a CF to explain the barriers that may affect the research participation rate of rural residents with CVD or related risks.

Results: We found our evidence-based CF well explained the barriers for rural CVD patients to take part in behavioral intervention trials. Besides contextual factors (i.e. patient, community and research levels), other common factors impacting rural patients' intent to enroll are lack of awareness and understanding about behavioral trials, limited support from their healthcare providers and social circles, unfavorable attitudes, and the lack of opportunity to participating research.

Conclusion and implication of result: The findings demonstrate the evidence-based model consisting of interlinked multi-level factors may help our understanding of the barriers encountered by rural CVD patients participating interventions to promote behavioral change. The implication for researchers is that identifying and developing strategies to overcome the barriers precedes conducting studies in rural communities.

背景:基于对已发表研究的广泛回顾，在行为干预试验中，被诊断为心血管疾病(CVD)或有CVD相关风险的农村居民的代表性不足。农村居民的低参与率削弱了已发表研究的内部效度和外部效度。此外，与城市居民相比，关于限制农村居民参与行为干预试验的独特障碍的研究有限。目的:本综述的目的是确定一个概念框架(CF)，支持农村心血管疾病患者参加行为干预试验时面临的常见障碍。方法:利用多个电子数据库进行文献综述，获得具有代表性的研究文章样本，综合证据，并制定CF来解释可能影响农村心血管疾病或相关风险居民研究参与率的障碍。结果:我们发现我们的循证CF很好地解释了农村心血管疾病患者参加行为干预试验的障碍。除了环境因素(即患者、社区和研究水平)外，影响农村患者入组意向的其他常见因素包括缺乏对行为试验的认识和理解、卫生保健提供者和社交圈的支持有限、不利的态度以及缺乏参与研究的机会。结论及结果含义:本研究结果表明，由相互关联的多层次因素组成的循证模型有助于我们理解农村心血管疾病患者参与促进行为改变干预所遇到的障碍。对研究人员来说，这意味着在农村社区开展研究之前，要确定和制定克服障碍的战略。

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引用次数: 9

Vicarious trauma - a critical discussion 替代性创伤——一个批判性的讨论

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-06-29 DOI: 10.5176/2251-3833_GHC15.10

M. Drum

Vicarious trauma refers to a condition that may be experienced by people who are exposed to stressful situations via a third party. It is very prevalent in the healthcare industry where employees are required to deal with situations that have caused pain, anguish and/or harm to the people they are caring for. Left untreated, the consequences of this trauma can be devastating for the employee and increase problems for the employing body. Reflective supervision provided by a skilled supervisor is recommended in an attempt to mitigate the severity of vicarious trauma.

替代性创伤是指通过第三方接触压力环境的人可能经历的一种情况。这在医疗保健行业非常普遍，员工被要求处理给他们所照顾的人造成痛苦、痛苦和/或伤害的情况。如果不及时治疗，这种创伤的后果对员工来说可能是毁灭性的，并给用人单位带来更多问题。建议由熟练的主管提供反思性监督，以减轻间接创伤的严重程度。

引用次数: 1

The Impact of Transparency on Quality of Health Service Delivery in Bangladesh: Findings of a Field Survey of Rural and Urban Health Service Organisations 透明度对孟加拉国卫生服务质量的影响:对农村和城市卫生服务组织的实地调查结果

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-03-01 DOI: 10.5176/2345-718x_2.1.56

M. Islam

Bangladesh has gained a glorious achievement in the quantitative reduction of maternal and child mortality in the recent past. But, the quality health service delivery still needs much improvement. This is considered as a big challenge facing the Government of Bangladesh in general and the agencies providing health care services to the people. This study endeavours to explore how organisational management, electronic devices, socio-economic and political factors impact on transparency in delivering good quality health care. This study selects two health service organisations of rural and urban areas for understanding the issues surrounding transparency and quality health service provision. This study used 68 in-depth interviews and five focus group discussions for gathering the required data. The urban health service organisation provides slightly improved transparent health care delivery because of better physical communication, adequate supervision and participative civil society organisation. However, general community has limited participation to both the rural and the urban health service organisations for lack of their education, poverty and bureaucratic mis-management in the organisations. Electronic devices contribute significantly for promoting transparent health service delivery, although resource constraints have posed a big challenge. Inadequate transparency contributes to corruption and absenteeism of health professionals which has an impact on quality health care provision. Participation of local elected representatives through adequate decentralisation and strengthening information management system in health care organisations can improve transparency and quality health service delivery.

孟加拉国最近在减少产妇和儿童死亡率方面取得了辉煌的成就。但是，卫生服务的质量仍有待提高。这被认为是孟加拉国政府和向人民提供保健服务的机构面临的一个重大挑战。本研究旨在探讨组织管理、电子设备、社会经济和政治因素如何影响提供优质医疗保健的透明度。本研究选择农村和城市地区的两个卫生服务组织来了解围绕透明度和质量卫生服务提供的问题。本研究使用了68个深度访谈和5个焦点小组讨论来收集所需的数据。城市卫生服务组织提供的医疗服务的透明度略有提高，因为有了更好的身体沟通、充分的监督和民间社会组织的参与。然而，由于缺乏教育、贫困和组织中的官僚主义管理不善，一般社区对农村和城市卫生服务组织的参与有限。电子设备对促进透明的保健服务提供作出了重大贡献，尽管资源限制构成了巨大挑战。透明度不足导致卫生专业人员腐败和缺勤，从而影响提供高质量的卫生保健。通过适当的权力下放和加强卫生保健组织的信息管理系统，地方选举代表的参与可以提高透明度和卫生服务的质量。

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引用次数: 1

Mothers’ Knowledge Regarding Neonatal Baby Care 母亲关于新生儿护理的知识

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-03-01 DOI: 10.5176/2345-718x_2.1.57

M. Priyadarshanie, K. Pethiyagoda

Neonatal mortality is a major problem, all over the world especially, in the developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge of mothers, who were admitted to the postnatal ward of Teaching Hospital Kurunegala regarding the neonatal baby care. This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in the post-natal ward, at the Teaching Hospital in Kurunegala (North Western Province), Sri Lanka. The data was collected by interviewing 246 post-natal mothers, aged 15 – 45 years, who were in the post-natal ward, during the period of 18th April to 2nd May 2011. The mean age of the sample was 26 years. Nearly half of mothers (48.4%) completed education up to O/L. The percentage of mothers who completed education up to secondary and higher education level was 41.3%. A considerable proportion of mothers were unemployed (86%). Half of them had one child. The percentage of postnatal mothers, who had two children, is 30%. Others had more than two children. Education level was found to be positively and significantly associated with knowledge regarding neonatal care. Additionally, occupation and age too were found to be significantly associated with knowledge level. Parity did not show a significant association with maternal knowledge regarding neonatal care as expected. The results showed that mothers’ knowledge and practices regarding breast feeding was at a satisfactory level in mothers selected to the sample population. But knowledge of mothers was not at a satisfactory level regarding umbilical cord care. More than half of them were in less than average knowledge level. It was found that mothers’ knowledge of prevention of neonatal hypothermia was poor. A large proportion of them (45.52%) were in the poor knowledge group and 42.27% of them were in very poor knowledge group. The results showed clearly that mothers’ knowledge of prevention of neonatal hypothermia was the most deficient knowledge field of mothers who lived in Kurunegala area. Maternal knowledge of breastfeeding was the only satisfactory knowledge field from these three areas for mother who lived in Kurunegala area. The study showed in majority of mothers, adequate knowledge and practices regarding neonatal care were lacking. Especially, in the field of prevention of neonatal hypothermia and care for the neonatal umbilical cord.

新生儿死亡率是一个重大问题，在全世界，特别是在发展中国家。这项研究的目的是确定在库鲁内加拉教学医院产后病房住院的母亲对新生儿护理的了解程度。这项描述性横断面研究是在斯里兰卡库鲁内加拉(西北省)教学医院的产后病房进行的。数据是通过对2011年4月18日至5月2日期间在产后病房的246名15 - 45岁的产后母亲进行访谈收集的。样本的平均年龄为26岁。近一半的母亲(48.4%)完成了0 /L以上的教育。完成中等及高等教育的母亲比例为41.3%。相当比例的母亲没有工作(86%)。其中一半人只有一个孩子。生了两个孩子的产后母亲的比例是30%。有些人有两个以上的孩子。受教育程度与新生儿护理知识显著正相关。此外，职业和年龄也与知识水平显著相关。胎次并没有像预期的那样显示出与孕产妇关于新生儿护理知识的显著关联。结果表明，在抽样人群中，母亲对母乳喂养的知识和做法处于令人满意的水平。但母亲对脐带护理的了解程度并不令人满意。超过一半的学生知识水平低于平均水平。发现母亲对预防新生儿低温的知识较差。知识较差组占45.52%，知识极差组占42.27%。结果清楚地表明，母婴预防新生儿低温知识是库鲁内加拉地区母婴预防知识最缺乏的领域。对于居住在库鲁内加拉地区的母亲来说，母乳喂养知识是这三个地区唯一令人满意的知识领域。研究表明，大多数母亲缺乏足够的新生儿护理知识和实践。特别是在预防新生儿低温症和新生儿脐带护理方面。

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引用次数: 5

A Brief Learning Experience Designed to Increase Nursing Students'Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward LGBT Health Care 旨在提高护生对LGBT医疗保健的知识和态度的简短学习经历

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-03-01 DOI: 10.5176/2345-718x_2.1.55

J. Cornelius, Charlene Whitaker-Brown

This study examined the effect of a brief learning experience on nursing students’ knowledge of and attitudes toward providing care to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) individuals. The Nursing Students’ Knowledge of and Attitudes toward LGBT Healthcare (NKALH) survey was administered to a convenience sample of 41 senior nursing students enrolled in a community health course. At pretest, there were significant knowledge deficits (20% of the questions were answered correctly) and low attitude scores toward LGBT healthcare needs existed. At posttest, students’ knowledge scores increased to 84%; attitude scores increased slightly, but not significantly (p = 0.07). Among the students who participated in the study, none felt they would be unable to care for an LGBT individual.

摘要本研究旨在探讨短期学习经验对护生护理女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋及跨性别者(LGBT)的知识及态度的影响。采用便利抽样的方法，对41名参加社区卫生课程的高年级护生进行了“护生对LGBT医疗保健的知识和态度”调查。在测试前，存在显著的知识缺陷(20%的问题回答正确)和对LGBT医疗保健需求的低态度得分。后测时，学生的知识得分提高到84%;态度得分略有上升，但不显著(p = 0.07)。在参与研究的学生中，没有人觉得他们不能照顾LGBT个体。

引用次数: 5

Self-Care Behaviours and Glycemic Control among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes 成人2型糖尿病患者的自我护理行为与血糖控制

GSTF journal of nursing and health care

Pub Date : 2015-03-01 DOI: 10.5176/2345-718x_2.1.60

M. D’Souza, Subrahmanya Nairy Karkada, R. Venkatesaperumal, J. Natarajan

Aim: To explore self-care behaviours and glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used for the study. Methods: The revised summary of diabetes mellitus questionnaire was used to collect data and glycated haemaglobin. A random sample comprising of 350 Omani adults with type 2 diabetes were selected between January- June 2010. Structural equation modelling and ANOVA were used for analysis. Results/Findings: One-third of the adults with type 2 diabetes followed diet, foot care and medications (on an average of 3 days/7 days) compared to half percentage of them adhering to foot care. 27% of the total variance in self-car activities was accounted by diet, 32% by exercise and 17% by medications. Blood glucose monitoring, foot care, and smoking and HbA1c accounted for 60%, 78%, and 51% variances. The standardized path coefficients of diet, exercise, smoking, foot care, blood sugar monitoring and medications had a significantly positive influence on self-care behaviours. Conclusion: There were inadequate self-care behaviours among the majority of adults with type 2 diabetes with poor glycaemic control. Nurses should use the self-care management model when designing tailored educational interventions to enhance glycemic control.

目的:探讨成人2型糖尿病患者自我保健行为与血糖控制的关系。设计:本研究采用描述性横断面设计。方法:采用修改后的糖尿病问卷摘要收集资料和糖化血红蛋白。2010年1月至6月间，我们随机选取了350名阿曼成年2型糖尿病患者作为样本。采用结构方程模型和方差分析进行分析。结果/发现:三分之一的成年2型糖尿病患者遵循饮食、足部护理和药物治疗(平均3天/7天)，而坚持足部护理的比例为50%。在自驾活动的总差异中，饮食占27%，运动占32%，药物占17%。血糖监测、足部护理、吸烟和HbA1c分别占60%、78%和51%的差异。饮食、运动、吸烟、足部护理、血糖监测和药物等标准化路径系数对自我保健行为有显著的正向影响。结论:大多数血糖控制不良的成人2型糖尿病患者存在自我护理行为不足的问题。护士在设计针对性的教育干预措施以加强血糖控制时，应采用自我护理管理模式。

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引用次数: 16

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