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Interactive test to categorize metamorphopsia 变态视障碍分类的互动测试
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/nfo.1000256
D. Claessens, Ronald V Krueger
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引用次数: 1
Regulation of time-dependent lens opacification by hydrogen sulfide-releasing compounds 硫化氢释放化合物对时间依赖性晶状体混浊的调节
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/nfo.1000258
Segewkal H Heruye, Ya Fatou Njie Mbye, Sunny E Ohia, Catherine A Opere
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引用次数: 0
Ocular immunity and peculiarities around COVID-19: Can universal protective eye wear be a game changer? 眼部免疫和COVID-19的特殊性:通用护目镜能改变游戏规则吗?
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/nfo.1000255
Mohamed A. Hussein, E. Hussein
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引用次数: 0
Intra- and early postoperative complications after standard cataract surgery or femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with pars plana vitrectomy in cases of retinal diseases 标准白内障手术或飞秒激光辅助白内障手术联合玻璃体切割视网膜疾病后的术后早期并发症
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/nfo.1000257
F. Hengerer, G. Auffarth, I. Conrad‐Hengerer
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引用次数: 0
Head to head comparison of the clinical and cost effectiveness of Observe and Plan versus PRN for the treatment of wet macular degeneration 观察和计划与PRN治疗湿性黄斑变性的临床和成本效益的正面比较
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/NFO.1000243
J. Wawrzynski, Ramiro Salom, A. Pouncey, M. Martin, M. Ozturk
Purpose: “Observe and Plan” (O&P) is a novel treatment regimen for neovascular AMD (nAMD). It aims to optimise the intravitreal anti-VEGF injection frequency whilst dramatically reducing the number of clinical reviews (compared to PRN/ treat and extend). However, there has been no head-to-head comparison of O&P versus the other regimens: We aim to establish whether O&P is non-inferior to PRN and whether there is an economic advantage. Methods: Prospective interventional cohort study: Patients undergoing treatment with PRN aflibercept for nAMD were enrolled. All were switched to O&P aflibercept for one year. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were recorded in addition to the number of clinic visits and intravitreal injections. Their results were compared in a paired analysis to their own data whilst on PRN treatment the preceding year. Results: 25 patients were enrolled. 17 completed one year of treatment, one of whom was subsequently excluded (confounding pathology). Analysis of area under the curve for BCVA and CMT found O&P to be non-inferior to PRN p=0.03, p<0.01. The mean number of clinical reviews was significantly reduced under O&P (1.80 (SD 0.68) vs. 8.66 (SD 0.72) visits per year; P=<0.01) with an improvement in injection to visit ratio (1.01 vs. 1.67 vists/injection), equating to an estimated saving of £1,228 per patient per year. Conclusion: The O&P regimen for treatment of nAMD was clinically non-inferior to PRN. The O&P regimen was superior to PRN in terms of reducing the health economic burden and treatment burden of nAMD.
目的:“观察与计划”(O&P)是一种治疗血管性AMD (nAMD)的新方案。它旨在优化玻璃体内抗vegf注射频率,同时显著减少临床审查次数(与PRN/治疗和延长相比)。然而,目前还没有对O&P与其他方案进行正面比较:我们的目标是确定O&P是否优于PRN,以及是否具有经济优势。方法:前瞻性干预性队列研究:纳入接受PRN afliberept治疗nAMD的患者。所有人都换成了O&P,为期一年。记录最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、中央黄斑厚度(CMT)、就诊次数和玻璃体内注射次数。他们的结果在配对分析中与他们自己在前一年接受PRN治疗时的数据进行了比较。结果:25例患者入组。17例完成了一年的治疗,其中1例随后被排除(混淆病理)。BCVA和CMT的曲线下面积分析发现,O&P不逊于PRN p=0.03, p<0.01。O&P组的平均临床回顾次数显著减少(每年1.80次(SD 0.68) vs. 8.66次(SD 0.72);P=<0.01),注射就诊比(1.01 vs 1.67次/注射)有所改善,相当于每位患者每年节省1228英镑。结论:O&P方案治疗nAMD的临床疗效不逊于PRN。在减轻nAMD的健康经济负担和治疗负担方面,O&P方案优于PRN方案。
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引用次数: 0
Isolated cotton-wool spot during pregnancy: A case report 妊娠期孤立性棉絮斑1例
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/NFO.1000244
Praveena K. Gupta, G. Taibbi
Introduction: The presence of cotton-wool spots warrants a full systemic workup. We present a case of an isolated cotton-wool spot in a pregnant woman with visual changes after a recent flu-like illness. Case Report: A 25 year-old Middle Eastern female at the 20 th gestational age with a past medical history of Lyme disease, presented with a 24-hour history of a sudden onset of a dark, horizontal line in the center of her right eye vision. She experienced a flu-like illness while on a recent trip to Puerto Rico. Dilated fundus exam revealed an isolated cotton-wool spot along the superior temporal arcade of the right eye, producing focal Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer thickness. Buried optic disc drusen were detected by ocular ultrasound bilaterally. Inflammatory/infectious blood workup, including antibody against Zika virus, was negative except for a mild increase of ANA titer (1:40) in the absence of rheumatologic disease. The patient was managed conservatively and no treatment was initiated. At 4-month follow-up, there was a nearly complete resolution of the cotton-wool spot in the absence of any visual symptoms. The patient had a full-term uncomplicated vaginal delivery. Discussion: The presence of cotton-wool spots, alone or in combination with other clinical findings, warrants further investigation. Although most cotton-wool spots resolve without long-term visual sequelae and could be managed with close observation only, they have been associated with life- or sight-threatening conditions. Therefore, any underlying causes should be identified and treated appropriately. Given the absence of a pre-specified workup for cotton-wool spots, the extent and type of workup should be dictated by the appropriate clinical context.
介绍:棉絮斑的存在需要进行全面的系统检查。我们提出一个孤立的棉絮斑的情况下,一个孕妇的视力变化后,最近流感样疾病。病例报告:一名25岁中东女性,孕龄20岁,既往有莱姆病病史,24小时右眼视力中心突然出现暗色水平线。她最近在波多黎各旅行时患上了一种类似流感的疾病。眼底扩张性检查发现右眼颞拱廊上有孤立的棉絮斑,造成局灶性视网膜神经纤维层厚度。双侧眼超声检查视盘结节。炎症/感染性血液检查,包括针对寨卡病毒的抗体,除了在没有风湿病的情况下ANA滴度轻度升高(1:40)外,均为阴性。患者接受保守治疗,未进行任何治疗。在4个月的随访中,在没有任何视觉症状的情况下,棉絮斑几乎完全消失。该患者进行了足月无并发症的阴道分娩。讨论:棉絮斑的存在,单独或结合其他临床表现,值得进一步调查。虽然大多数棉絮斑的消退没有长期的视觉后遗症,而且只需密切观察就可以控制,但它们与危及生命或视力的情况有关。因此,任何潜在的原因都应该被识别和适当的处理。鉴于没有预先指定的棉絮斑检查,检查的程度和类型应根据适当的临床情况决定。
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引用次数: 0
Vaccination of corneal herpes (HSK) 角膜疱疹疫苗(HSK)
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/NFO.1000253
Kozaburo Hayashi
Attenuated HSV-2 (HSV TK-) has been inoculated in the deep nasal mucosa where the attenuated virus proliferated. Subsequently, it elicited educated CD4T+ cells jn the nasal mucosa but not in local dorsal lymph nodes. These CD4 T cells migrated to the vaginal mucosa and educated cervical and/or vaginal mucosal B cells to secrete secretary IgA. However, application of these protocols to the corneal herpes (HSK), there are many pit falls in these projects. Olfactory nerve
减毒的HSV-2 (HSV TK-)已接种于减毒病毒增殖的深鼻黏膜。随后,它在鼻黏膜中激发了CD4T+细胞,但在局部背侧淋巴结中却没有。这些CD4 T细胞迁移到阴道粘膜,引导宫颈和/或阴道粘膜B细胞分泌分泌IgA。然而,这些方案在角膜疱疹(HSK)的应用中存在许多缺陷。嗅觉神经
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引用次数: 0
Toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with meibomian gland dysfunction: Report of a case managed by thermal pulsation treatment 中毒性表皮坏死松解与睑板腺功能障碍相关:一例热搏动治疗
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/NFO.1000246
J. Greiner, Michael E. Lindsay, K. Kenyon, Paula J Oliver, H. El-Rayess
Purpose: To report a case of toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) with meibomian gland dysfunction demonstrating improvement in signs and symptoms after a single thermal pulsation system treatment (TPST). Methods: Baseline signs (meibomian gland assessment [MGA] scores and lipid layer thickness [LLT]) and symptoms (SPEED and OSDI scores) were evaluated in a 41 year old Caucasian female with a 16 years history of dry eye diseases secondary to a TEN episode. The patient was treated with a single 12-min TPST and re-evaluated at 3, 9, and 36 months post-treatment. Results: At 3 months post-TPST, both signs and symptoms scores improved relative to baseline and when re-measured at 9 months and 3 years. Conclusion: This report is the first to suggest the benefit of TPST on improving dry eye signs and symptoms in TEN. Interestingly, the improvement in symptoms as measured by SPEED and OSDI, was paralleled by the improvement in signs (MGA and LLT). Improvements in signs and symptoms were sustained over baseline including the relative decline at 3 years from the optimum improvements post-TPST.
目的:报告一例中毒性表皮坏死松解症(TEN)合并睑板腺功能障碍,在单次热脉冲系统治疗(TPST)后症状和体征得到改善。方法:对一名有16年干眼病继发于TEN发作史的41岁高加索女性进行基线体征(睑板腺评估[MGA]评分和脂质层厚度[LLT])和症状(SPEED和OSDI评分)评估。患者接受单次12分钟TPST治疗,并在治疗后3、9和36个月重新评估。结果:在tpst后3个月,体征和症状评分相对于基线有所改善,并在9个月和3年重新测量。结论:本报告首次提出TPST对改善TEN患者干眼体征和症状的益处。有趣的是,通过SPEED和OSDI测量的症状改善与体征(MGA和LLT)的改善是平行的。体征和症状的改善持续超过基线,包括tpst后最佳改善后3年的相对下降。
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引用次数: 0
Biological significance of recombination-activating gene 1, RAG1 in optic nerve neuropathy 重组激活基因1 RAG1在视神经病变中的生物学意义
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/NFO.1000245
Takao Hirano, Tomoko Nakamura-Yanagidaira, Takuma Hayashi
Although the transcription factor, nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF- κ B) is known to regulate programed-cell death and survival, its precise role in cell death within the central nervous system (CNS) remains unknown. We previously reported that mice with a homozygous deficiency for Nf- κ b1p50 spontaneously developed optic neuropathy. We investigated the expression and activation of pro-apoptotic factor(s), which mediate optic nerve neuropathy in Nf- κ b1p50- deficient mice. Recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) is known to control the recombination of immunoglobulin V(D)J. Experiments with genetically engineered mice revealed the involvement of RAG1 expression in the programmed-cell death of POU domain protein (POU4f2)/brain-specific homeobox 3A (BRN3a)-positive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and also showed the specific effects of a Nf- κ b1p50 - deficient on the activation of Rag1 gene transcription. Furthermore, a genetic analysis of murine neuronal stem-like cells clarified the biological significance of RAG1 in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced neuronal cell death. The apoptotic inducing factors were detected in human cell line expressing the external molecule of RAG1, and human histopathological examinations with retina tissues revealed the expression of RAG1 in RGCs. Recent studies indicated that RAG1 played a key role in optic nerve neuropathy as a pro-apoptotic candidate in Nf- κ b1p50- deficient mice. These results may lead to new therapeutic targets in optic nerve neuropathy.
虽然已知转录因子核因子- κ B (NF- κ B)调节程序性细胞死亡和存活,但其在中枢神经系统(CNS)细胞死亡中的确切作用尚不清楚。我们之前报道过Nf- κ b1p50纯合子缺陷的小鼠自发发展为视神经病变。我们研究了介导Nf- κ b1p50-缺陷小鼠视神经病变的促凋亡因子(pro- apoptosis factor, s)的表达和激活。重组激活基因1 (RAG1)控制免疫球蛋白V(D)J的重组。基因工程小鼠实验发现RAG1表达参与了POU结构域蛋白(POU4f2)/脑特异性同源盒3A (BRN3a)阳性视网膜神经节细胞(RGCs)的程序性细胞死亡,也显示了Nf- κ b1p50 -缺陷对RAG1基因转录激活的特异性作用。此外,对小鼠神经干细胞样细胞的遗传分析阐明了RAG1在n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸(NMDA)诱导的神经细胞死亡中的生物学意义。在表达RAG1外部分子的人细胞系中检测到凋亡诱导因子,视网膜组织病理学检查显示RAG1在RGCs中表达。最近的研究表明,RAG1作为Nf- κ b1p50-缺陷小鼠的促凋亡候选蛋白在视神经病变中起关键作用。这些结果可能为视神经病变的治疗提供新的靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Laser-intraocular lenses interaction: Aspects to consider for in situ vision correction 激光-人工晶状体相互作用:原位视力矫正需要考虑的方面
Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/NFO.1000250
G. Kareliotis, E. Drakaki, C. Bacharis, M. Makropoulou, A. Serafetinides
Today, 60 years after the laser discovery, the long experience in refractive surgery, the evaluation of the accumulated clinical outcomes and the limitations of kerato- refractive surgery generated the demand to develop alternative methods for treating vision defects. In the frame of this new philosophy for vision correction, the use of polymeric intraocular lenses (IOLs) provides sufficient predictability and optical quality. The new Ophthalmology era takes their use one step further, through the IOLs’ customization, aiming at the long desired personalized treatment. Inspired by the need to correct some post-operative complications in cataract surgery and IOLs implantation, the laser use is proposed, for in situ refractive modification of the implanted polymeric material, without any alteration in IOL’s light transmittance behavior. In this work we present a brief literature overview of new perspectives in this field, enriched with some of our experimental studies. Through discussion of the laser-material interactions we intend to present the prospects, the limitations and the aspects that have to be considered in the route for in situ laser-based IOL- surgery and finally, vision correction.
今天,在激光发现60年后,长期的屈光手术经验,对积累的临床结果的评估以及角膜屈光手术的局限性产生了开发治疗视力缺陷的替代方法的需求。在这种新的视力矫正理念的框架下,使用聚合物人工晶状体(iol)提供了足够的可预测性和光学质量。新的眼科时代通过人工晶状体的定制,使它们的使用更进一步,旨在实现长期期望的个性化治疗。由于白内障手术和人工晶状体植入术中需要纠正一些术后并发症,提出了在不改变人工晶状体透光性的情况下,利用激光对植入的聚合物材料进行原位屈光性改变。在这项工作中,我们简要概述了该领域的新观点,并丰富了我们的一些实验研究。通过对激光与材料相互作用的讨论,我们打算提出基于原位激光的人工晶状体手术和视力矫正的前景、局限性和必须考虑的方面。
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引用次数: 0
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New frontiers in ophthalmology (London)
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