... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies最新文献
Y. Hatanaka, A. Mizukami, C. Muramatsu, T. Hara, H. Fujita
This paper describes automated lesion detection in retinal images. Physicians and ophthalmologists assess retinal images for several kinds of lesions, including hemorrhages, exudates, and arteriolar narrowing. Hemorrhage is a major sign of diabetic retinopathy, which is the second most common cause of vision loss. Arteriolar narrowing is a major sign of hypertensive retinopathy. The aim of this study was to measure arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio for the detection of arteriolar narrowing and to develop a hemorrhage detection method. Blood vessels and hemorrhages were extracted using a double-ring filter. This filter device calculates the difference between the average pixel values of the inside and outside regions. Arteriolar narrowing is determined based on major arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratios. Thus, the major blood vessels were extracted and the arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio was automatically calculated based on the artery and vein diameter measurements. Finally, the hemorrhage candidates remained after the blood vessels were "erased" from the image and hemorrhages were detected by machine learning methods using 64 texture features. We tested 20 retinal images from the DRIVE database to evaluate our proposed arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio measurement method. Both the average error and the standard deviation of the arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio measurements were 0.07 ± 0.06. We evaluated the proposed method for hemorrhage detection by testing 71 retinal images, including 53 images with hemorrhages and 18 normal ones. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of abnormal cases were 83% and 67%, respectively.
{"title":"Automated lesion detection in retinal images","authors":"Y. Hatanaka, A. Mizukami, C. Muramatsu, T. Hara, H. Fujita","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093789","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes automated lesion detection in retinal images. Physicians and ophthalmologists assess retinal images for several kinds of lesions, including hemorrhages, exudates, and arteriolar narrowing. Hemorrhage is a major sign of diabetic retinopathy, which is the second most common cause of vision loss. Arteriolar narrowing is a major sign of hypertensive retinopathy. The aim of this study was to measure arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio for the detection of arteriolar narrowing and to develop a hemorrhage detection method. Blood vessels and hemorrhages were extracted using a double-ring filter. This filter device calculates the difference between the average pixel values of the inside and outside regions. Arteriolar narrowing is determined based on major arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratios. Thus, the major blood vessels were extracted and the arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio was automatically calculated based on the artery and vein diameter measurements. Finally, the hemorrhage candidates remained after the blood vessels were \"erased\" from the image and hemorrhages were detected by machine learning methods using 64 texture features. We tested 20 retinal images from the DRIVE database to evaluate our proposed arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio measurement method. Both the average error and the standard deviation of the arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio measurements were 0.07 ± 0.06. We evaluated the proposed method for hemorrhage detection by testing 71 retinal images, including 53 images with hemorrhages and 18 normal ones. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of abnormal cases were 83% and 67%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90971030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Corvaja, I. Capraro, A. Dall'Arche, N. Pozza, F. Gerlin, A. Tomaello, M. Zorzi, A. Assalini, A. Ferrante, G. Pierobon, F. Ticozzi, G. Vallone, P. Villoresi
We present the main design issues and the tests in the setup of a long distance free-space quantum link under development within the project "QuantumFuture" of the University of Padova. In particular, new achievements in the actual engineering of the link are presented, both for polarization quantum states encoding and for coherent quantum states.
{"title":"Engineering a long distance free-space quantum channel","authors":"R. Corvaja, I. Capraro, A. Dall'Arche, N. Pozza, F. Gerlin, A. Tomaello, M. Zorzi, A. Assalini, A. Ferrante, G. Pierobon, F. Ticozzi, G. Vallone, P. Villoresi","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093885","url":null,"abstract":"We present the main design issues and the tests in the setup of a long distance free-space quantum link under development within the project \"QuantumFuture\" of the University of Padova. In particular, new achievements in the actual engineering of the link are presented, both for polarization quantum states encoding and for coherent quantum states.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84387390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Montazeri, M. Shamsollahi, G. Carrault, Alfredo I. Hernández
In this paper, we proposed a method based on Kalman Filter for predicting the onset of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) from the electrocardiogram (ECG) using clinical data available from the Computers in Cardiology (CinC) Challenge 2001. To predict PAF, we developed an algorithm based upon the number of atrial premature complexes (APCs) in the ECG. The algorithm detects classical isolated APCs by monitoring fidelity signals, which is defined here as a function of the innovation signal of Kalman filter, in vicinity of premature heartbeats and decides whether one beat is APC or not then predicts PAF, based on the number of APC. The challenge database consists of 56 pairs of 30-minute ECG segments that may or may not directly precede an episode of PAF. We used the learning set of the challenge database to optimize our algorithm. On the test set, it achieved 50 out of 56 for PAF prediction and thus predicted the onset of PAF more accurately than the methods reported at CinC challenge.
{"title":"Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation prediction using Kalman Filter","authors":"N. Montazeri, M. Shamsollahi, G. Carrault, Alfredo I. Hernández","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093787","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we proposed a method based on Kalman Filter for predicting the onset of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) from the electrocardiogram (ECG) using clinical data available from the Computers in Cardiology (CinC) Challenge 2001. To predict PAF, we developed an algorithm based upon the number of atrial premature complexes (APCs) in the ECG. The algorithm detects classical isolated APCs by monitoring fidelity signals, which is defined here as a function of the innovation signal of Kalman filter, in vicinity of premature heartbeats and decides whether one beat is APC or not then predicts PAF, based on the number of APC. The challenge database consists of 56 pairs of 30-minute ECG segments that may or may not directly precede an episode of PAF. We used the learning set of the challenge database to optimize our algorithm. On the test set, it achieved 50 out of 56 for PAF prediction and thus predicted the onset of PAF more accurately than the methods reported at CinC challenge.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83231491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kazuhito Sato, Sakura Kadowaki, H. Madokoro, Momoyo Ito, A. Inugami
As described herein, we propose an unsupervised method for segmentation of magnetic resonance (MR) brain images by hybridizing the self-mapping characteristics of 1-D Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) and using incremental learning functions of fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART). As the proposed method requires the appropriate parameters to segment tissues (such as cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter and white matter) that are necessary for brain atrophy diagnosis, first we derive the optimal parameter set through the preliminary experiments. The main contribution of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, considering the conventional methods that are highly accurate in terms of usefulness as classification techniques. We focus on Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and Expectation Maximization Gaussian Mixture (EM-GM) with previous setting of the number of clusters, and then Mean Shift (MS) without previous setting of the number of clusters. Through the comparative experiments on the two metrics, we confirmed that our method could achieve higher accuracy than these conventional methods. Additionally, we propose a Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system for use with brain dock examinations based on case analyses of diagnostic reading. We construct a prototype system for reducing loads on diagnosticians during quantitative analysis of the degree of brain atrophy. Field tests of 193 examples of brain dock medical examinees reveal that the system efficiently supports diagnostic work in the clinical field: the alteration of brain atrophy attributable to aging can be quantified easily, irrespective of the diagnostician.
{"title":"Unsupervised segmentation for MR brain images","authors":"Kazuhito Sato, Sakura Kadowaki, H. Madokoro, Momoyo Ito, A. Inugami","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093742","url":null,"abstract":"As described herein, we propose an unsupervised method for segmentation of magnetic resonance (MR) brain images by hybridizing the self-mapping characteristics of 1-D Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) and using incremental learning functions of fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART). As the proposed method requires the appropriate parameters to segment tissues (such as cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter and white matter) that are necessary for brain atrophy diagnosis, first we derive the optimal parameter set through the preliminary experiments. The main contribution of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, considering the conventional methods that are highly accurate in terms of usefulness as classification techniques. We focus on Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and Expectation Maximization Gaussian Mixture (EM-GM) with previous setting of the number of clusters, and then Mean Shift (MS) without previous setting of the number of clusters. Through the comparative experiments on the two metrics, we confirmed that our method could achieve higher accuracy than these conventional methods. Additionally, we propose a Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system for use with brain dock examinations based on case analyses of diagnostic reading. We construct a prototype system for reducing loads on diagnosticians during quantitative analysis of the degree of brain atrophy. Field tests of 193 examples of brain dock medical examinees reveal that the system efficiently supports diagnostic work in the clinical field: the alteration of brain atrophy attributable to aging can be quantified easily, irrespective of the diagnostician.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83286148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We address the interaction of two Gaussian states of light interfering at a balanced beam splitter and analyze the correlations exhibited by the resulting bipartite system. Nonlocal quantum correlations (entanglement) arise if and only if the fidelity between the two input Gaussian states falls under a threshold value depending only on their purities. In particular, our result clarifies the role of squeezing as a prerequisite for entanglement and provide a tool to optimize the generation of entanglement by passive devices.
{"title":"On the generation of entanglement from the interference of Gaussian states of light","authors":"S. Olivares, M. Delgado, M. Paris","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093805","url":null,"abstract":"We address the interaction of two Gaussian states of light interfering at a balanced beam splitter and analyze the correlations exhibited by the resulting bipartite system. Nonlocal quantum correlations (entanglement) arise if and only if the fidelity between the two input Gaussian states falls under a threshold value depending only on their purities. In particular, our result clarifies the role of squeezing as a prerequisite for entanglement and provide a tool to optimize the generation of entanglement by passive devices.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81433177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sasaki, M. Kojima, K. Wake, Soichi Watanabe, Yukihisa Suzuki, A. Hirata
A numerical dosimetry was performed for a rabbit ocular exposure by 60-GHz millimeter wave in this study. We compared calculated temperature elevation between localized exposure by a lens antenna and uniformed exposure by plane wave. Here, incident power density was normalized against spacial average of incident power over the surface of cornea according to the previous study. The peak incident power density of the lens antenna was 5.3 times higher than that of the plane wave. Therefore, the maximum temperature elevation by the lens antenna exposure was higher than that by the plane wave exposure. Thus, possibility was shown that threshold incident power density for ocular injury with the lens antenna exposure becomes lower than that with the plane wave exposure.
{"title":"A numerical analysis of temperature elevation in a rabbit ocular with localized and uniformed exposure conditions at 60 GHz","authors":"K. Sasaki, M. Kojima, K. Wake, Soichi Watanabe, Yukihisa Suzuki, A. Hirata","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093795","url":null,"abstract":"A numerical dosimetry was performed for a rabbit ocular exposure by 60-GHz millimeter wave in this study. We compared calculated temperature elevation between localized exposure by a lens antenna and uniformed exposure by plane wave. Here, incident power density was normalized against spacial average of incident power over the surface of cornea according to the previous study. The peak incident power density of the lens antenna was 5.3 times higher than that of the plane wave. Therefore, the maximum temperature elevation by the lens antenna exposure was higher than that by the plane wave exposure. Thus, possibility was shown that threshold incident power density for ocular injury with the lens antenna exposure becomes lower than that with the plane wave exposure.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83948636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) allows decomposing an observed multicomponent signal into a set of monocomponent signals, called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). The aim of this paper is to characterize some heart sound (HS) signals embedded in noise using the EMD approach. In particular, the proposed technique automatically selects the most appropriate IMFs achieving the denoising based on EMD and Euclidean measure. Synthetic and real-life signals are used in the various examples to validate, and demonstrate the effectiveness, of the proposed method. Furthermore, this technique is compared to the commonly known approach based on the noise model.
{"title":"Denoising and characterization of heart sound signals using optimal intrinsic mode functions","authors":"D. Boutana, M. Benidir, B. Barkat","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093724","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) allows decomposing an observed multicomponent signal into a set of monocomponent signals, called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). The aim of this paper is to characterize some heart sound (HS) signals embedded in noise using the EMD approach. In particular, the proposed technique automatically selects the most appropriate IMFs achieving the denoising based on EMD and Euclidean measure. Synthetic and real-life signals are used in the various examples to validate, and demonstrate the effectiveness, of the proposed method. Furthermore, this technique is compared to the commonly known approach based on the noise model.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83509780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Highly miniaturised, wearable, physiological sensors require algorithms for the automated analysis of the collected signal. To reduce the total sensor power consumption in many situations the automated analysis is best carried on the sensor device itself and this online signal processing needs to be both accurate (in terms of correct detections and false detections) and also be implemented using very low power consumption circuits. However, reducing the circuit power consumption potentially impacts the algorithm performance. Hardware aware algorithms need to take this into account. This paper takes a previously reported 60 pW Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) circuit and investigates the impact of this circuit on a CWT-based algorithm for providing real-time EEG data reduction. An analytical model describing the measured variations in CWT response between different microchips is built, and this used in Matlab simulations of the EEG algorithm. Compared to using an ideal CWT stage, the impact of the modelled CWT circuit is negligible, resulting in only a 0.001 reduction in ROC-like performance area.
{"title":"Hardware aware algorithm performance and the low power continuous wavelet transform","authors":"A. Casson","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093826","url":null,"abstract":"Highly miniaturised, wearable, physiological sensors require algorithms for the automated analysis of the collected signal. To reduce the total sensor power consumption in many situations the automated analysis is best carried on the sensor device itself and this online signal processing needs to be both accurate (in terms of correct detections and false detections) and also be implemented using very low power consumption circuits. However, reducing the circuit power consumption potentially impacts the algorithm performance. Hardware aware algorithms need to take this into account.\u0000 This paper takes a previously reported 60 pW Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) circuit and investigates the impact of this circuit on a CWT-based algorithm for providing real-time EEG data reduction. An analytical model describing the measured variations in CWT response between different microchips is built, and this used in Matlab simulations of the EEG algorithm. Compared to using an ideal CWT stage, the impact of the modelled CWT circuit is negligible, resulting in only a 0.001 reduction in ROC-like performance area.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85691252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the last ISABEL, we showed a high quality sequence alignment method called MTRAP. Although there exists a need for high quality alignment, a treatable alignment software, as typified by ClustalW, is also essential for the analysis estimating the function of gene or to seek mechanism of molecular interactions. In this paper, we develop a new treatable interface software for the MTRAP alignment. Moreover, we show that the alignment accuracy could be improved by our approach not only for pairwise sequences but also multiple sequences.
{"title":"A treatable interface for MTRAP sequence alignment method","authors":"Toshihide Hara, Keiko Sato, M. Ohya","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093800","url":null,"abstract":"In the last ISABEL, we showed a high quality sequence alignment method called MTRAP. Although there exists a need for high quality alignment, a treatable alignment software, as typified by ClustalW, is also essential for the analysis estimating the function of gene or to seek mechanism of molecular interactions. In this paper, we develop a new treatable interface software for the MTRAP alignment. Moreover, we show that the alignment accuracy could be improved by our approach not only for pairwise sequences but also multiple sequences.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78174126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Endo, Masaharu Takahashi, K. Ito, K. Saito, Soichi Watanabe
Recently, electromagnetic interference (EMI) of an implanted pacemaker with a mobile phone has been investigated. However, there are few studies of specific absorption rate (SAR) around the implanted pacemaker by the mobile phone. In this study, SAR distribution around the pacemaker model embedded into the parallelepiped torso phantom was evaluated experimentally. As a result, characteristic SAR distribution, which is caused by implanted pacemaker, was observed.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation on SAR around the implanted cardiac pacemaker by mobile phone","authors":"Y. Endo, Masaharu Takahashi, K. Ito, K. Saito, Soichi Watanabe","doi":"10.1145/2093698.2093708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2093698.2093708","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, electromagnetic interference (EMI) of an implanted pacemaker with a mobile phone has been investigated. However, there are few studies of specific absorption rate (SAR) around the implanted pacemaker by the mobile phone. In this study, SAR distribution around the pacemaker model embedded into the parallelepiped torso phantom was evaluated experimentally. As a result, characteristic SAR distribution, which is caused by implanted pacemaker, was observed.","PeriodicalId":91990,"journal":{"name":"... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75031112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
... International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies. International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies
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