N. Akbari, A. R. A. Ashtiani, M. Mohammadi, Salman Nouraisarjou
Background and Objectives: One of the predisposing factors for postural sway changes in patients with knee osteoarthritis is the severity of knee pain. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pain severity and static and dynamic balance indices in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Materials and Methods: 15 patients with knee osteoarthritis were selected through simple non-probability sampling. Static and dynamic balance indices were also measured by Biodex system, the pain severity by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in two pre and post time intervals. The treatment was performed for the balance trainings group for 3 weeks and 5 times per week. Paired statistical t-test and Pearson test were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that balance trainings resulted in significant improvement in pain severity and dynamic and static balance indices. There was a significant direct correlation between pain severity and anterior-posterior stability index and medial-lateral stability index on two feet with the closed eyes with exercise, respectively (rho = 0.52, p = 0.04) and (rho = 0.53, p = 0.03). There was also a significant indirect correlation between pain severity and anterior-posterior stability index on the affected leg with the closed eyes (rho = 0.60, p = 0.01).Conclusion: The results of the study confirm the direct and indirect relationship between dynamic balance indices and pain intensity; in the future studies the effect of pain on neuromuscular factors should be considered.
{"title":"Studying Relationship Between Static and Dynamic Balance Indices and Knee Pain Severity in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis","authors":"N. Akbari, A. R. A. Ashtiani, M. Mohammadi, Salman Nouraisarjou","doi":"10.5539/jmbr.v8n1p80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jmbr.v8n1p80","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: One of the predisposing factors for postural sway changes in patients with knee osteoarthritis is the severity of knee pain. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pain severity and static and dynamic balance indices in patients with knee osteoarthritis.Materials and Methods: 15 patients with knee osteoarthritis were selected through simple non-probability sampling. Static and dynamic balance indices were also measured by Biodex system, the pain severity by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in two pre and post time intervals. The treatment was performed for the balance trainings group for 3 weeks and 5 times per week. Paired statistical t-test and Pearson test were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that balance trainings resulted in significant improvement in pain severity and dynamic and static balance indices. There was a significant direct correlation between pain severity and anterior-posterior stability index and medial-lateral stability index on two feet with the closed eyes with exercise, respectively (rho = 0.52, p = 0.04) and (rho = 0.53, p = 0.03). There was also a significant indirect correlation between pain severity and anterior-posterior stability index on the affected leg with the closed eyes (rho = 0.60, p = 0.01).Conclusion: The results of the study confirm the direct and indirect relationship between dynamic balance indices and pain intensity; in the future studies the effect of pain on neuromuscular factors should be considered.","PeriodicalId":92078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/jmbr.v8n1p80","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46084515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Golnaz Mazaheri Nejad Fard, A. A. Farid, Neda Shahvaroughi Farahani, Z. Ghaempanah, M. Pirmoradi
Background and aim: Spirituality is considered as one of the dimensions of health, along with physical, psychological and social health which includes an element of excellence and transcendence. However, it is unclear whether contemporary medical professors in Iran still considering this concept in their training program. This study assesses the professors' attitude toward considering spirituality and spiritual counseling and training during medical education among medical students.Materials and methods: This is a qualitative study with conventional content analysis method. 43 participants, who were main stakeholders in medical education were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using structured interviews from September to October 2017, which continued until data saturation.Ethical consideration: the principles of ethics and integrity in the research, citation and literature analysis were taken into consideration.Finding: Three main themes and their categories were extracted from analysis of data. The themes are (1) helping to solve the students' spiritual problems and challenges (2), Psycho-spiritual characteristics of medical student (3), training spiritual concepts.Conclusion: A majority of professors acknowledged the use of spirituality concepts in medical education. It seems that implementation of such programs requires attention to facilitating factors and challenges proposed by those involved.
{"title":"Professors’ Attitudes Toward Considering Spirituality and Spiritual Counseling and Training During Medical Education Among Medical Students: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Golnaz Mazaheri Nejad Fard, A. A. Farid, Neda Shahvaroughi Farahani, Z. Ghaempanah, M. Pirmoradi","doi":"10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P74","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aim: Spirituality is considered as one of the dimensions of health, along with physical, psychological and social health which includes an element of excellence and transcendence. However, it is unclear whether contemporary medical professors in Iran still considering this concept in their training program. This study assesses the professors' attitude toward considering spirituality and spiritual counseling and training during medical education among medical students.Materials and methods: This is a qualitative study with conventional content analysis method. 43 participants, who were main stakeholders in medical education were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using structured interviews from September to October 2017, which continued until data saturation.Ethical consideration: the principles of ethics and integrity in the research, citation and literature analysis were taken into consideration.Finding: Three main themes and their categories were extracted from analysis of data. The themes are (1) helping to solve the students' spiritual problems and challenges (2), Psycho-spiritual characteristics of medical student (3), training spiritual concepts.Conclusion: A majority of professors acknowledged the use of spirituality concepts in medical education. It seems that implementation of such programs requires attention to facilitating factors and challenges proposed by those involved.","PeriodicalId":92078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P74","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43650204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masoud Khodaveisi, Shahla Fakhrazizi, N. Mohammadi, Leili Tapak
Background and objective: adherence to diet by patients to control the blood pressure has always been challenging. The current study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional knowledge status and disease perception and adherence to diet in patients with hypertension.Methodology: In this quasi-experimental study conducted in 2017, 100 patients with hypertension admitted to Farshchian Cardiovascular Clinic were selected using convenient sampling method and by considering the inclusion criteria. The data were collected using demographic questionnaire, observing nutritional knowledge questionnaire, disease perception questionnaire, and adherence to diet questionnaire in patients with hypertension. Data were analyzed using spss16 software and descriptive statistics.Results: based on the results, mean score of knowledge was 4.73 ± 1.55. In this study 58% of the patients did not have knowledge on high fat diet, 56% of subjects did not have knowledge on red meat diet and 63% did not have knowledge on confection. The mean score of perception was 29.58 ± 3.94, which 38% of the patients believed that their diseases cannot be controlled with behavior and 43% were completely opposed that that their disease can lead into early death, and 56% opposed to restricting the diet. The mean score of follow-up of diet is 9.45 ± 2.27. In this study, 46% of patients did not adhere to their diet at home and 51% of patients did not adhere to their diet at workplace.Conclusion: Due to the lack of knowledge and perception of the disease and the effective follow-up of the diet, it is recommended that necessary measures to be taken to prevent complications of hypertension
{"title":"Assessing the Nutritional Knowledge, Disease Perception, and Adherence to Diet in Patients with Hypertension Admitted to Farshchian Cardiovascular Clinic in 2017","authors":"Masoud Khodaveisi, Shahla Fakhrazizi, N. Mohammadi, Leili Tapak","doi":"10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P68","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: adherence to diet by patients to control the blood pressure has always been challenging. The current study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional knowledge status and disease perception and adherence to diet in patients with hypertension.Methodology: In this quasi-experimental study conducted in 2017, 100 patients with hypertension admitted to Farshchian Cardiovascular Clinic were selected using convenient sampling method and by considering the inclusion criteria. The data were collected using demographic questionnaire, observing nutritional knowledge questionnaire, disease perception questionnaire, and adherence to diet questionnaire in patients with hypertension. Data were analyzed using spss16 software and descriptive statistics.Results: based on the results, mean score of knowledge was 4.73 ± 1.55. In this study 58% of the patients did not have knowledge on high fat diet, 56% of subjects did not have knowledge on red meat diet and 63% did not have knowledge on confection. The mean score of perception was 29.58 ± 3.94, which 38% of the patients believed that their diseases cannot be controlled with behavior and 43% were completely opposed that that their disease can lead into early death, and 56% opposed to restricting the diet. The mean score of follow-up of diet is 9.45 ± 2.27. In this study, 46% of patients did not adhere to their diet at home and 51% of patients did not adhere to their diet at workplace.Conclusion: Due to the lack of knowledge and perception of the disease and the effective follow-up of the diet, it is recommended that necessary measures to be taken to prevent complications of hypertension","PeriodicalId":92078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P68","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42508146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Yavari, S. A. Pourbakhsh, H. Goudarzi, R. Khavarinejad
Mycoplasma agalactiae pathogen is the main cause of agalactia in small ruminants and as such, results in some economic losses in Iran. Contagious agalactia disease should be regarded as a syndrome, caused by various Mycoplasmas which infect several organs. In the present study, 30 suspected samples from 11 provinces of Iran were isolated from mammary gland, joint and eyes of sheep and goats and subjected to genus and species detection via PCR technique for 2 genes. These Mycoplasma strains and three Iranian vaccinal strains of Mycoplasma agalactiae were submitted to sequence analysis of a surface lipoprotein called p40 protein. Based on a comparative study between Iranian strains and PG2 Spanish strain of Mycoplasma agalactiae, most Iranian strains presented 97% homology, whereas some strains showed 80-88% and three vaccinal strains were associated with 99% homology. According to PCR and bioinformatics analysis outcomes, 6 provinces of Iran were recognized as infection areas with different expressions of this effecter protein, suggesting that finding the individual characteristics of a particular effecter may require empirical testing for vaccination. Finally, the selected sequence of p40 gene was cloned into pGEMB1cloning vector and subsequently expressed in Escherichia coli by pET-22b+ expression plasmid under the control of the T7 promoter. The expression of this fusion protein was absorbed and confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The recombinant P40 protein was expressed with a molecular mass of 37 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The sera taken from rabbits infected with Mycoplasma agalactiae produced polyclonal antibody which was then used for westernblotting. The rabbits were bled 10 days after the booster immunization using cardiac puncture. Significantly, the use of recombinant specific antigens instead of other tools for diagnosis of a disease could improve the discrimination and separation of positive and negative animals in the area under investigation and therefore, it can be applied to control infected animals and reduce economic losses.
{"title":"Comparative Study of p40 Gene Expression of Mycoplasma Agalactiae Isolated from Iranian Provinces","authors":"F. Yavari, S. A. Pourbakhsh, H. Goudarzi, R. Khavarinejad","doi":"10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P61","url":null,"abstract":"Mycoplasma agalactiae pathogen is the main cause of agalactia in small ruminants and as such, results in some economic losses in Iran. Contagious agalactia disease should be regarded as a syndrome, caused by various Mycoplasmas which infect several organs. In the present study, 30 suspected samples from 11 provinces of Iran were isolated from mammary gland, joint and eyes of sheep and goats and subjected to genus and species detection via PCR technique for 2 genes. These Mycoplasma strains and three Iranian vaccinal strains of Mycoplasma agalactiae were submitted to sequence analysis of a surface lipoprotein called p40 protein. Based on a comparative study between Iranian strains and PG2 Spanish strain of Mycoplasma agalactiae, most Iranian strains presented 97% homology, whereas some strains showed 80-88% and three vaccinal strains were associated with 99% homology. According to PCR and bioinformatics analysis outcomes, 6 provinces of Iran were recognized as infection areas with different expressions of this effecter protein, suggesting that finding the individual characteristics of a particular effecter may require empirical testing for vaccination. Finally, the selected sequence of p40 gene was cloned into pGEMB1cloning vector and subsequently expressed in Escherichia coli by pET-22b+ expression plasmid under the control of the T7 promoter. The expression of this fusion protein was absorbed and confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The recombinant P40 protein was expressed with a molecular mass of 37 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The sera taken from rabbits infected with Mycoplasma agalactiae produced polyclonal antibody which was then used for westernblotting. The rabbits were bled 10 days after the booster immunization using cardiac puncture. Significantly, the use of recombinant specific antigens instead of other tools for diagnosis of a disease could improve the discrimination and separation of positive and negative animals in the area under investigation and therefore, it can be applied to control infected animals and reduce economic losses.","PeriodicalId":92078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P61","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48429733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Shishehian, A. Izadi, S. Abbasi, S. Khazai, S. Anjam
Background: Zirconia ceramics have recently been widely used in dentistry because these materials are very favorable for chemical, dimensional stability, mechanical strength and hardness, Zolid FX (Ceramill Zolid FX, Amann Girrbach AG) is a type of zirconia. In this study, we have tried to measure the effects of different methods of surface preparation of full-contour restoration on the degree of material release and cellular response, so that we can recommend a method with lower tissue damage.Methods: In this study, Twenty blocks were prepared by CAD / CAM with dimensions of 5.5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness and randomly divided into four groups. The laser used in this study is a co2 laser (Ultra-dream pluse, guro-gu seul, Korea). Comparison of the groups with the intact group was carried out two by two. The control group was compared by ANOVA and the groups with significant differences (with a significant percentage of 0.05) were compared by TUKEY statistical test.Conclusion and Results: Delivering one-stage, non-glazed-polished zirconium restorations can result in incompatible cellular response and is detrimental to the health of the periodontal tissue surrounding the restoration. It is also recommended that if the restoration due to the adjusting of clinician lose the glazed layer should not be delivered intact, at least prepare by polishing method, also if the laser is available in the clinic, then the surface restoration will be prepare using it, although it has not been routinely used due to lesser access to lasers in clinics.
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Cellular Response to Three Types of Zolid Surface Full Contour: Glazing, Polishing, and CO2 Laser","authors":"A. Shishehian, A. Izadi, S. Abbasi, S. Khazai, S. Anjam","doi":"10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P53","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zirconia ceramics have recently been widely used in dentistry because these materials are very favorable for chemical, dimensional stability, mechanical strength and hardness, Zolid FX (Ceramill Zolid FX, Amann Girrbach AG) is a type of zirconia. In this study, we have tried to measure the effects of different methods of surface preparation of full-contour restoration on the degree of material release and cellular response, so that we can recommend a method with lower tissue damage.Methods: In this study, Twenty blocks were prepared by CAD / CAM with dimensions of 5.5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness and randomly divided into four groups. The laser used in this study is a co2 laser (Ultra-dream pluse, guro-gu seul, Korea). Comparison of the groups with the intact group was carried out two by two. The control group was compared by ANOVA and the groups with significant differences (with a significant percentage of 0.05) were compared by TUKEY statistical test.Conclusion and Results: Delivering one-stage, non-glazed-polished zirconium restorations can result in incompatible cellular response and is detrimental to the health of the periodontal tissue surrounding the restoration. It is also recommended that if the restoration due to the adjusting of clinician lose the glazed layer should not be delivered intact, at least prepare by polishing method, also if the laser is available in the clinic, then the surface restoration will be prepare using it, although it has not been routinely used due to lesser access to lasers in clinics.","PeriodicalId":92078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/JMBR.V8N1P53","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47496227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Streptococcus sanguinis is a commensal and early colonizer of oral cavity as well as an opportunistic pathogen of infectious endocarditis. Extracting the soluble proteome of this bacterium provides deep insights about the physiological dynamic changes under different growth and stress conditions, thus defining "proteomic signatures" as targets for therapeutic intervention. In this protocol, we describe an experimentally verified approach to extract maximal cytoplasmic proteins from Streptococcus sanguinis SK36 strain. A combination of procedures was adopted that broke the thick cell wall barrier and minimized denaturation of the intracellular proteome, using optimized buffers and a sonication step. Extracted proteome was quantitated using Pierce BCA Protein Quantitation assay and protein bands were macroscopically assessed by Coomassie Blue staining. Finally, a high resolution detection of the extracted proteins was conducted through Synapt G2Si mass spectrometer, followed by label-free relative quantification via Progenesis QI. In conclusion, this pipeline for proteomic extraction and analysis of soluble proteins provides a fundamental tool in deciphering the biological complexity of Streptococcus sanguinis.
{"title":"Proteomic Approach for Extracting Cytoplasmic Proteins from <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i> using Mass Spectrometry.","authors":"Fadi El-Rami, Kristina Nelson, Ping Xu","doi":"10.5539/jmbr.v7n1p50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/jmbr.v7n1p50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i> is a commensal and early colonizer of oral cavity as well as an opportunistic pathogen of infectious endocarditis. Extracting the soluble proteome of this bacterium provides deep insights about the physiological dynamic changes under different growth and stress conditions, thus defining \"proteomic signatures\" as targets for therapeutic intervention. In this protocol, we describe an experimentally verified approach to extract maximal cytoplasmic proteins from <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i> SK36 strain. A combination of procedures was adopted that broke the thick cell wall barrier and minimized denaturation of the intracellular proteome, using optimized buffers and a sonication step. Extracted proteome was quantitated using Pierce BCA Protein Quantitation assay and protein bands were macroscopically assessed by Coomassie Blue staining. Finally, a high resolution detection of the extracted proteins was conducted through Synapt G2Si mass spectrometer, followed by label-free relative quantification via Progenesis QI. In conclusion, this pipeline for proteomic extraction and analysis of soluble proteins provides a fundamental tool in deciphering the biological complexity of <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":92078,"journal":{"name":"Journal of molecular biology research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5539/jmbr.v7n1p50","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35618869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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