Pub Date : 2017-12-15DOI: 10.14416/j.ijast.2017.12.005
Muhammad Mansattha, W. Benjapolakul
{"title":"Automated Railway Crossing System Using ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 Standard","authors":"Muhammad Mansattha, W. Benjapolakul","doi":"10.14416/j.ijast.2017.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14416/j.ijast.2017.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86380597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Boadu, S. Inkoom, C. Schandorf, G. Emi-Reynolds, E. Akrobortu
Mutagenic agents had been used to enhance production of enzymes in microorganisms, but the effects of the agents on the kinetic parameters and catalytic efficiency of the produced enzymes had not been critically evaluated. A study was conducted to assess the effects of ultraviolet (UV) mutagenesis on the kinetic parameters and catalytic efficiency of endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase enzyme obtained from wild and mutated strains of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum obtained from decaying wood wastes modified by ultraviolet radiation. The endo-1, 4-β-Dglucanase from both wild and mutant strains of the fungi were purified by centrifugation, ammonium sulfa-te precipitation and anion exchange chromatography using Sephadex A25-120 and Whatman DE-52 resins. The kinetic parameters determined from Lineweaver-Burk plot, using the velocity or reaction rates at varying concentrations of carboxymethyl cellulose substrate ranging from 0 - 20 mg/mL were validated by Hanes-Woolf plots for convergence, as the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation is non-linear. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vmax) for the wild A. niger were 15.31 g/L and 4.67 g/L respectively, while values for corresponding mutated strain were 7.9 g/L and 3.39 g/L respectively. The Km and Vmax for wild P. citrinum were 7.94g/L and 6.81g/L respectively, while the values for the mutated strain were 6.60 g/L and 6.84 g/L respectively. Catalytic efficiency of endoglucanase of wild and mutated strains of A. niger were 0.305 and 0.42 M-1s-1 respectively, while the values for endoglucanase of wild and mutated strains of P. citrinum were 0.858 and 1.036 M-1s-1 respectively. Mutagenesis using ultraviolet radiation therefore enhanced the catalytic efficiency of endoglucanase enzyme.Keywords: Endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, UV Mutagenesis, Michaelis-Menten Kinetic Equation, Lineweaver-Burk Plot, Hanes Woolf Plot, Catalytic Efficiency
{"title":"Characterization and kinetic parameters of endo-1,4-β-d-glucanase of ultraviolet mutated Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum","authors":"M. Boadu, S. Inkoom, C. Schandorf, G. Emi-Reynolds, E. Akrobortu","doi":"10.4314/JAST.V22I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAST.V22I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Mutagenic agents had been used to enhance production of enzymes in microorganisms, but the effects of the agents on the kinetic parameters and catalytic efficiency of the produced enzymes had not been critically evaluated. A study was conducted to assess the effects of ultraviolet (UV) mutagenesis on the kinetic parameters and catalytic efficiency of endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase enzyme obtained from wild and mutated strains of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium citrinum obtained from decaying wood wastes modified by ultraviolet radiation. The endo-1, 4-β-Dglucanase from both wild and mutant strains of the fungi were purified by centrifugation, ammonium sulfa-te precipitation and anion exchange chromatography using Sephadex A25-120 and Whatman DE-52 resins. The kinetic parameters determined from Lineweaver-Burk plot, using the velocity or reaction rates at varying concentrations of carboxymethyl cellulose substrate ranging from 0 - 20 mg/mL were validated by Hanes-Woolf plots for convergence, as the Michaelis-Menten kinetic equation is non-linear. The Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) and maximum velocity (Vmax) for the wild A. niger were 15.31 g/L and 4.67 g/L respectively, while values for corresponding mutated strain were 7.9 g/L and 3.39 g/L respectively. The Km and Vmax for wild P. citrinum were 7.94g/L and 6.81g/L respectively, while the values for the mutated strain were 6.60 g/L and 6.84 g/L respectively. Catalytic efficiency of endoglucanase of wild and mutated strains of A. niger were 0.305 and 0.42 M-1s-1 respectively, while the values for endoglucanase of wild and mutated strains of P. citrinum were 0.858 and 1.036 M-1s-1 respectively. Mutagenesis using ultraviolet radiation therefore enhanced the catalytic efficiency of endoglucanase enzyme.Keywords: Endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, UV Mutagenesis, Michaelis-Menten Kinetic Equation, Lineweaver-Burk Plot, Hanes Woolf Plot, Catalytic Efficiency","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"15 12 1","pages":"28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86921650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydriding reactions of spherical and flat plate geometries of zirconium cobalt (ZrCo) and lanthanum penta-nickel (LaNi 5 ) intermetallic alloys were studied using kinetic data, and modified shrinking core model to account for concentration and temperature gradients in the gas film and ash layer under pseudo steady state non-isothermal conditions of 300, 310 and 320 K. The volumetric expansion of the alloy particle due to changing density was assumed during the hydriding reactions. The total hydriding time of 10 9 s was determined by numerical computati-on for different bulk temperatures, hydrogen concentrations and particle sizes; and the rate controlling process was identified to be diffusional. The values of the reaction times were very high, but could serve as data for predicting the length of hydriding cycle during hydrogen storage and recovery. Keywords: Hydriding reactions, Intermetallic alloys, Hydrogen storage, Shrinking core, Non-linear kinetics
{"title":"Theoretical analysis of hydriding reactions of ZrCo and LaNi 5 intermetallic alloys using non-isothermal shrinking core model","authors":"R. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.4314/JAST.V21I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAST.V21I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Hydriding reactions of spherical and flat plate geometries of zirconium cobalt (ZrCo) and lanthanum penta-nickel (LaNi 5 ) intermetallic alloys were studied using kinetic data, and modified shrinking core model to account for concentration and temperature gradients in the gas film and ash layer under pseudo steady state non-isothermal conditions of 300, 310 and 320 K. The volumetric expansion of the alloy particle due to changing density was assumed during the hydriding reactions. The total hydriding time of 10 9 s was determined by numerical computati-on for different bulk temperatures, hydrogen concentrations and particle sizes; and the rate controlling process was identified to be diffusional. The values of the reaction times were very high, but could serve as data for predicting the length of hydriding cycle during hydrogen storage and recovery. Keywords: Hydriding reactions, Intermetallic alloys, Hydrogen storage, Shrinking core, Non-linear kinetics","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"140 1","pages":"24-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90171744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-10DOI: 10.14416/J.IJAST.2015.01.001
U. Wangrakdiskul, N. Yodpijit
Currently, exhaustion of fossil fuel is one of the serious problems. Oil palm is the prominent oil crop that provides higher yield and consume less energy than the other crops in plantation life. The expansion of oil palm plantation along with the appropriate use of oil palm planted areas and the environmental conservation needs to be concerned. This research aims at analyzing oil palm plantation establishment influencing the sustainable palm oil industry in Thailand. We use an exponential growth model to estimate an increased domestic consumption and production of palm oil for the need of oil palm plantation areas. Therefore, recognition of oil palm plantation with environmental protection by compliance with RSPO standard has also been proposed. For sustainable use, costs structure and productivity improvement of oil palm cultivation is analyzed and suggested.
{"title":"Trends Analysis and Future of Sustainable Palm Oil in Thailand","authors":"U. Wangrakdiskul, N. Yodpijit","doi":"10.14416/J.IJAST.2015.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14416/J.IJAST.2015.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, exhaustion of fossil fuel is one of the serious problems. Oil palm is the prominent oil crop that provides higher yield and consume less energy than the other crops in plantation life. The expansion of oil palm plantation along with the appropriate use of oil palm planted areas and the environmental conservation needs to be concerned. This research aims at analyzing oil palm plantation establishment influencing the sustainable palm oil industry in Thailand. We use an exponential growth model to estimate an increased domestic consumption and production of palm oil for the need of oil palm plantation areas. Therefore, recognition of oil palm plantation with environmental protection by compliance with RSPO standard has also been proposed. For sustainable use, costs structure and productivity improvement of oil palm cultivation is analyzed and suggested.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":"21-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79314519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multiple regression models have been developed to study the variation of diffuse solar radiation over Nigeria using monthly mean data of clearness index, relative sunshine duration, average temperature and cloud cover. The data for eight stations representing the weather conditions of Nigeria and covering a period 16 years were analyzed, and the statistical accuracy of the regression equations were evaluated by root mean square error, stand-ard error, mean bias error, t-statistic, correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination. The regression prod-uced good correlation between the dependent variable of fraction of diffuse solar radiation and the independent variables of clearness index, relative sunshine duration, cloud cover and average temperature. The multiple regre-ssion equations reflected the spatial variability with the latitudes, and can be used for prediction of diffuse solar radiation in Nigeria. A temporal and spatial diffuse solar radiation contour map was developed using Surfer 10 Golden graphic software. Keywords: Multiple regression, Diffuse solar radiation, Clearness index, Cloud cover, Correlation coefficient
{"title":"Statistical Study Of Variation Of Diffuse Solar Radiation Over Nigeria","authors":"E. Falayi, A. Rabiu","doi":"10.4314/JAST.V20I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAST.V20I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple regression models have been developed to study the variation of diffuse solar radiation over Nigeria using monthly mean data of clearness index, relative sunshine duration, average temperature and cloud cover. The data for eight stations representing the weather conditions of Nigeria and covering a period 16 years were analyzed, and the statistical accuracy of the regression equations were evaluated by root mean square error, stand-ard error, mean bias error, t-statistic, correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination. The regression prod-uced good correlation between the dependent variable of fraction of diffuse solar radiation and the independent variables of clearness index, relative sunshine duration, cloud cover and average temperature. The multiple regre-ssion equations reflected the spatial variability with the latitudes, and can be used for prediction of diffuse solar radiation in Nigeria. A temporal and spatial diffuse solar radiation contour map was developed using Surfer 10 Golden graphic software. Keywords: Multiple regression, Diffuse solar radiation, Clearness index, Cloud cover, Correlation coefficient","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78172881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-19DOI: 10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.10.003
Isaree Kromfang, Utorn Chikhunthod, Pirin Karpilanondh, B. Thumthanaruk
In the present investigation, jellyfish protein hydrolysates (JPHs) of the umbrella or oral arm of the sand jellyfish (Rhopilema hispidum) and white jellyfish (Lobonema smithii) were produced by acetic acid hydrolysis with the aid of temperature and pressure. Volatile flavor compounds found in the hydrolysates were categorized into 6 groups: aldehydes (hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and 2-butyl-2-octenal), furan (2-butylfuran), terpene (beta-terpinol), alkane (2, 4-dimethyl undecane), acid (pterin-6-carboxylic acid), ester (isobornyl formate) and ketones (β-ionone and propanone). Hexanal, heptanal and octanal that are indicators of fishy flavors were accentuated by acetic acid treatment.
{"title":"Identification of Volatile Compounds in Jellyfish Protein Hydrolysate","authors":"Isaree Kromfang, Utorn Chikhunthod, Pirin Karpilanondh, B. Thumthanaruk","doi":"10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, jellyfish protein hydrolysates (JPHs) of the umbrella or oral arm of the sand jellyfish (Rhopilema hispidum) and white jellyfish (Lobonema smithii) were produced by acetic acid hydrolysis with the aid of temperature and pressure. Volatile flavor compounds found in the hydrolysates were categorized into 6 groups: aldehydes (hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and 2-butyl-2-octenal), furan (2-butylfuran), terpene (beta-terpinol), alkane (2, 4-dimethyl undecane), acid (pterin-6-carboxylic acid), ester (isobornyl formate) and ketones (β-ionone and propanone). Hexanal, heptanal and octanal that are indicators of fishy flavors were accentuated by acetic acid treatment.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"153-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90280332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-29DOI: 10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.08.001
R. Yeetsorn, M. Fowler
Electrical conductivity is one of the most important properties of bipolar plates (BPs). It is, therefore, important to identify possible factors that have a significant effect on bipolar plate electrical resistance measurement techniques. A method for measuring the resistance of conductive thermoplastic BPs for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is described. The major goals of this research are to identify the factors affecting electrical resistance measurements. For BPs made of the same material, dimensional factors such as surface area, thickness and the ratio of surface area over thickness (S/T) could have significant effects on BP resistance measurements. Electrical contact resistance between a gas diffusion layer and a BP is another factor affecting the BP resistance measurement in addition to the surface area and S/T ratio. All these factors can affect the measured resistance and change the result even with the same material. External factors such as clamping pressure applied on the measured BP also reduce the interfacial contact resistance significantly.
{"title":"Resistance Measurement of Conductive Thermoplastic Bipolar Plates for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells","authors":"R. Yeetsorn, M. Fowler","doi":"10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical conductivity is one of the most important properties of bipolar plates (BPs). It is, therefore, important to identify possible factors that have a significant effect on bipolar plate electrical resistance measurement techniques. A method for measuring the resistance of conductive thermoplastic BPs for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells is described. The major goals of this research are to identify the factors affecting electrical resistance measurements. For BPs made of the same material, dimensional factors such as surface area, thickness and the ratio of surface area over thickness (S/T) could have significant effects on BP resistance measurements. Electrical contact resistance between a gas diffusion layer and a BP is another factor affecting the BP resistance measurement in addition to the surface area and S/T ratio. All these factors can affect the measured resistance and change the result even with the same material. External factors such as clamping pressure applied on the measured BP also reduce the interfacial contact resistance significantly.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88254960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Hodgson, S. Obiri, S. Cobbina, G. Quarcoo, AA Duah
The physico-chemical quality data of groundwater extracted from 36 boreholes in Ho Municipality indicated that 11 sources recorded pH values outside WHO guideline range, while 5 recorded turbidity levels above WHO guideline limits. Sodium levels ranged from 1.80 to 544 mg/L with a mean of 111 ± 132 mg/l; chloride level ranged from 2.98 to 898 mg/L with a mean of 124 ± 183 mg/L, and cation and anion dominance was in the ord-er Na+ > Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > K + and HCO 3 - > Cl - > SO 4 2- respectively. The quality data was subjected to Principal Component Analysis, and two components (PC1 and PC2) were extracted. The PC1 represented nearly 88.17 % of the variance and had high absolute loadings for electrical conductivity, calcium, alkalinity and chloride, indi-cating interactions of minerals from the Dahomeyan formation and Togo series with the groundwater in the area. The PC2 accounted for 6.62 % of total variance, showing high loadings for colour, turbidity, HCO 3 and total iron. The major geochemical processes taking place might be the presence and dissolution of carbonates and dolomites, evaporated minerals and chemical reactions involving reverse ion-exchange in the aquifer
{"title":"Principal component analysis of groundwater quality data underlying Geochemical processes of Dahomeyan formation and Togo series in the Ho Municipality (Ghana)","authors":"I. Hodgson, S. Obiri, S. Cobbina, G. Quarcoo, AA Duah","doi":"10.4314/JAST.V19I1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JAST.V19I1-2","url":null,"abstract":"The physico-chemical quality data of groundwater extracted from 36 boreholes in Ho Municipality indicated that 11 sources recorded pH values outside WHO guideline range, while 5 recorded turbidity levels above WHO guideline limits. Sodium levels ranged from 1.80 to 544 mg/L with a mean of 111 ± 132 mg/l; chloride level ranged from 2.98 to 898 mg/L with a mean of 124 ± 183 mg/L, and cation and anion dominance was in the ord-er Na+ > Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > K + and HCO 3 - > Cl - > SO 4 2- respectively. The quality data was subjected to Principal Component Analysis, and two components (PC1 and PC2) were extracted. The PC1 represented nearly 88.17 % of the variance and had high absolute loadings for electrical conductivity, calcium, alkalinity and chloride, indi-cating interactions of minerals from the Dahomeyan formation and Togo series with the groundwater in the area. The PC2 accounted for 6.62 % of total variance, showing high loadings for colour, turbidity, HCO 3 and total iron. The major geochemical processes taking place might be the presence and dissolution of carbonates and dolomites, evaporated minerals and chemical reactions involving reverse ion-exchange in the aquifer","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79916211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-16DOI: 10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.04.002
Chedthawut Poompipatpong
This research article reports the performances and emissions of a 12-litre LNG-diesel dual-fuelled engine when equipped with two different gas injectors. Natural gas is used as main fuel with a pilot amount of diesel for the ignition source. The main objective of this study is to replace the imported injector by the local product, while maintaining the performance compatibility. This means an economical benefit is obtained. Both gas injectors’ characteristics are investigated and found that characteristic of local product is relatively different from the imported one. The results show that injectors’ characteristic analysis must be separated into two ranges, including lower and higher engine speed ranges. Thus, the local injector must be then electronically adjusted in order to attain the engine performance and emission compatibilities. Consequently, it can operate satisfyingly, while no engine knocking is observed. The engine performance results between two injectors show minor differences, which are averagely less than 0.43%. The exhaust emissions also show small differences. The graphical presentations, the discussions and conclusions are also presented in this paper.
{"title":"Performance and Exhaust Emission Studies of a Large LNG-Diesel Engine Operating with Different Gas Injector’s Characteristics","authors":"Chedthawut Poompipatpong","doi":"10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"This research article reports the performances and emissions of a 12-litre LNG-diesel dual-fuelled engine when equipped with two different gas injectors. Natural gas is used as main fuel with a pilot amount of diesel for the ignition source. The main objective of this study is to replace the imported injector by the local product, while maintaining the performance compatibility. This means an economical benefit is obtained. Both gas injectors’ characteristics are investigated and found that characteristic of local product is relatively different from the imported one. The results show that injectors’ characteristic analysis must be separated into two ranges, including lower and higher engine speed ranges. Thus, the local injector must be then electronically adjusted in order to attain the engine performance and emission compatibilities. Consequently, it can operate satisfyingly, while no engine knocking is observed. The engine performance results between two injectors show minor differences, which are averagely less than 0.43%. The exhaust emissions also show small differences. The graphical presentations, the discussions and conclusions are also presented in this paper.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"7 1","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89032076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-28DOI: 10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.04.001
A. Frick, M. Borm
Sustainability demands materials and energy saving. As a consequence light weight engineered products are a must. This paper approaches the possibility to substitute heavy weight metal design by multi-material light weight design considering polymeric materials and employing manufacturing techniques which are optimal adapted to the materials, e.g. assembly injection moulding. The needed necessary steps for such a development are described and the conceivable result is discussed exemplarily with regard to a novel and weight saving pump housing construction.
{"title":"Multi-materials Composites Provide Lightweight Engineering","authors":"A. Frick, M. Borm","doi":"10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14416/J.IJAST.2014.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability demands materials and energy saving. As a consequence light weight engineered products are a must. This paper approaches the possibility to substitute heavy weight metal design by multi-material light weight design considering polymeric materials and employing manufacturing techniques which are optimal adapted to the materials, e.g. assembly injection moulding. The needed necessary steps for such a development are described and the conceivable result is discussed exemplarily with regard to a novel and weight saving pump housing construction.","PeriodicalId":9207,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Applied Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":"27-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91250214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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