Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2156180
M. M. Awais, Hafiz Ihsan-Ul-Haq, M. Akhtar, M. Anwar, Abdul Sammad Ali Khan Shirwany, Abdul Razzaq, Muhammad Sibtain Bhatti
ABSTRACT This study reports the copro-prevalence of giardiasis in sheep and cattle populations of nomadic communities in Multan-Pakistan. For this purpose, a total of 184 faecal samples were collected from cattle (n = 92) and sheep (n = 92) raised by the nomads. All samples were analyzed by using species-specific ELISA kits for the detection of copro-antigen of Giardia duodenalis. Results showed that the overall prevalence of giardiasis was 21.20%, whereas, in sheep and cattle, the prevalence rates were 19.18% and 23.91%, respectively. Age, clinico-physical status and drinking water source showed significant association (P < 0.05) with giardiasis in both sheep and cattle. Breed, history of gastrointestinal problems and routine vaccination were also significant (P < 0.05) risk factors in sheep but not in cattle. Deworming history had a significant association (P < 0.05) with giardiasis in cattle population only. Conversely, sex, herd size, farmers’ educational status, feeding pattern, physiological status, contact with wildlife and Giardia-susceptible animals and hygienic condition of housing facility showed non-significant association (P > 0.05) with giardiasis. In conclusion, the cattle and sheep raised by the nomads are infected with giardiasis and may pose a serious threat to susceptible animal and human populations in their surrounding regions.
{"title":"Copro-ELISA-based prevalence and risk determinants of giardiasis in cattle and sheep populations raised by socio-economically deprived urban nomadic communities located in and around Multan, Punjab-Pakistan","authors":"M. M. Awais, Hafiz Ihsan-Ul-Haq, M. Akhtar, M. Anwar, Abdul Sammad Ali Khan Shirwany, Abdul Razzaq, Muhammad Sibtain Bhatti","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2156180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2156180","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study reports the copro-prevalence of giardiasis in sheep and cattle populations of nomadic communities in Multan-Pakistan. For this purpose, a total of 184 faecal samples were collected from cattle (n = 92) and sheep (n = 92) raised by the nomads. All samples were analyzed by using species-specific ELISA kits for the detection of copro-antigen of Giardia duodenalis. Results showed that the overall prevalence of giardiasis was 21.20%, whereas, in sheep and cattle, the prevalence rates were 19.18% and 23.91%, respectively. Age, clinico-physical status and drinking water source showed significant association (P < 0.05) with giardiasis in both sheep and cattle. Breed, history of gastrointestinal problems and routine vaccination were also significant (P < 0.05) risk factors in sheep but not in cattle. Deworming history had a significant association (P < 0.05) with giardiasis in cattle population only. Conversely, sex, herd size, farmers’ educational status, feeding pattern, physiological status, contact with wildlife and Giardia-susceptible animals and hygienic condition of housing facility showed non-significant association (P > 0.05) with giardiasis. In conclusion, the cattle and sheep raised by the nomads are infected with giardiasis and may pose a serious threat to susceptible animal and human populations in their surrounding regions.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"291 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41358590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2023.2193791
V. Demareva, Valeriia Viakhireva, Irina Zayceva, Inna Isakova, Yana Okhrimchuk, Karina Zueva, Andrey Demarev, Nikolay Nazarov, Julia Edeleva
ABSTRACT While sleepiness assessment metrics were initially developed in medical research, subjective sleepiness assessment is now widely used in both fundamental and applied studies. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) are often considered the gold standard in sleepiness research. However, their convergence and specific features have not been sufficiently investigated. The present study aims to analyse the dynamics and convergence of subjective sleepiness as measured by the KSS and SSS. A total of 208 adults participated in the experiment. Our findings suggest that sleepiness generally increased from the evening till night and was highest early in the morning. The SSS score appeared to be more sensitive to certain factors. The SSS and KSS scores strongly correlated with each other and converged on sleepiness assessment. However, the KSS showed a more even distribution of scores than the SSS. Currently, we are continuously expanding the SSDD.
{"title":"Temporal dynamics of subjective sleepiness: A convergence analysis of two scales","authors":"V. Demareva, Valeriia Viakhireva, Irina Zayceva, Inna Isakova, Yana Okhrimchuk, Karina Zueva, Andrey Demarev, Nikolay Nazarov, Julia Edeleva","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2023.2193791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2023.2193791","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While sleepiness assessment metrics were initially developed in medical research, subjective sleepiness assessment is now widely used in both fundamental and applied studies. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) are often considered the gold standard in sleepiness research. However, their convergence and specific features have not been sufficiently investigated. The present study aims to analyse the dynamics and convergence of subjective sleepiness as measured by the KSS and SSS. A total of 208 adults participated in the experiment. Our findings suggest that sleepiness generally increased from the evening till night and was highest early in the morning. The SSS score appeared to be more sensitive to certain factors. The SSS and KSS scores strongly correlated with each other and converged on sleepiness assessment. However, the KSS showed a more even distribution of scores than the SSS. Currently, we are continuously expanding the SSDD.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"369 - 384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48733660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2157531
A. Souissi, Ghazwa Ben Maaouia, I. Dergaa, A. Ghram, H. Ben Saad
ABSTRACT The regulation of the balance between glucose and lipid use during exercise has gained increasing attention in the last decades. The contribution of fat and glucose to energy expenditure can be modulated by hormones and other endogenous factors. The increase in melatonin during exercise may be linked to an enhancement in lipid utilization, reflected by an increase in triglyceride concentration. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of daytime melatonin administration on plasma glucose, triglycerides, and cortisol responses to submaximal exercise. Eight physical education students were asked to run for 45 minutes at 60% of their maximum aerobic speed after 50 minutes of either melatonin-(6 mg) or placebo consumption. Cortisol, triglycerides, and glucose were measured in plasma samples before and immediately after exercise. Post-exercise cortisol, triglycerides, and glucose levels were corrected for fluid shifts. In both conditions , post-exercise cortisol significantly increased (by ≥20%) . Post-exercise glucose levels significantly increased only in the placebo condition . However, post-exercise triglyceride levels significantly increased only in the melatonin condition. To conclude, acute melatonin administration decreases the glucose response while increasing triglycerides’ response to exercise. Therefore, it would be possible to suggest that exogenous melatonin administration before endurance exercise could promote fat burning.
{"title":"The fat burning ability of melatonin during submaximal exercise","authors":"A. Souissi, Ghazwa Ben Maaouia, I. Dergaa, A. Ghram, H. Ben Saad","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2157531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2157531","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The regulation of the balance between glucose and lipid use during exercise has gained increasing attention in the last decades. The contribution of fat and glucose to energy expenditure can be modulated by hormones and other endogenous factors. The increase in melatonin during exercise may be linked to an enhancement in lipid utilization, reflected by an increase in triglyceride concentration. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of daytime melatonin administration on plasma glucose, triglycerides, and cortisol responses to submaximal exercise. Eight physical education students were asked to run for 45 minutes at 60% of their maximum aerobic speed after 50 minutes of either melatonin-(6 mg) or placebo consumption. Cortisol, triglycerides, and glucose were measured in plasma samples before and immediately after exercise. Post-exercise cortisol, triglycerides, and glucose levels were corrected for fluid shifts. In both conditions , post-exercise cortisol significantly increased (by ≥20%) . Post-exercise glucose levels significantly increased only in the placebo condition . However, post-exercise triglyceride levels significantly increased only in the melatonin condition. To conclude, acute melatonin administration decreases the glucose response while increasing triglycerides’ response to exercise. Therefore, it would be possible to suggest that exogenous melatonin administration before endurance exercise could promote fat burning.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"307 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42950524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1007/s40477-021-00611-w
Marcello Lughi, Mauro Cevolani, Gabriele Testi, Emanuele Piraccini, Francesco Lijoi
Purpose: The aim of this study is to verify the usefulness of ultrasound-assisted mapping of the vascular and neurological structures in the anterior compartment of the ankle just before an anterior arthroscopic procedure to reduce these kinds of complications.
Methods: Various complications can be present in anterior arthroscopy of the ankle. The structures most prone to iatrogenic damage are vessels and nerves. They are macroscopically visible and palpable in a little more than 50% of cases, but arterial ramifications are not visible because they are located deeper.
Results: The authors have investigated how to reduce potential iatrogenic damage to the complex and variable neuro-vascular network of the anterior aspect of the ankle. They have completed the classic routine marking of the bony and tendinous structures with an ultrasound mapping of the neurovascular structures.
Conclusions: The authors concluded that ultrasound-assisted mapping is a non-invasive, fast, and safe procedure that can help to reduce potential iatrogenic damage when performing anterior arthroscopic surgery.
{"title":"Anterior Ankle Arthroscopy: Advantage of a Preoperative Ultrasound Mapping to Prevent Neurovascular Complications.","authors":"Marcello Lughi, Mauro Cevolani, Gabriele Testi, Emanuele Piraccini, Francesco Lijoi","doi":"10.1007/s40477-021-00611-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40477-021-00611-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to verify the usefulness of ultrasound-assisted mapping of the vascular and neurological structures in the anterior compartment of the ankle just before an anterior arthroscopic procedure to reduce these kinds of complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various complications can be present in anterior arthroscopy of the ankle. The structures most prone to iatrogenic damage are vessels and nerves. They are macroscopically visible and palpable in a little more than 50% of cases, but arterial ramifications are not visible because they are located deeper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The authors have investigated how to reduce potential iatrogenic damage to the complex and variable neuro-vascular network of the anterior aspect of the ankle. They have completed the classic routine marking of the bony and tendinous structures with an ultrasound mapping of the neurovascular structures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The authors concluded that ultrasound-assisted mapping is a non-invasive, fast, and safe procedure that can help to reduce potential iatrogenic damage when performing anterior arthroscopic surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"831-836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9705666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81837497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2151763
Marli do Cupertino, Bianca Thiengo Guimarães, José Flávio Giardini Pimenta, Leonardo Victor Lima Dutra Almeida, Lorran Nunes Santana, Thalia Azevedo Ribeiro, Yuri Nunes Santana
ABSTRACT As industry and economy progress, human exposure to artificial light increases. Thus, the aim was to analyze the scientific evidence about the light pollution effect on human health, focusing on the main human pathologies and the types of polluting lights. A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, searching for original articles in the PubMed/Medline, Scielo and Web of Science, using the descriptors (light[title]) AND (health), and the key words “light pollution” and “(light at night) AND (health)”. The result shows that human exposure occurs through lights from electronic devices and artificial (ambient, and external) light at night. Human alterations most described were sleep disturbances, circadian rhythm, melatonin, and cortisol alterations. In addition, were described mood alterations and depression, alterations in spermatogenesis, ocular structures, thermoregulation, and other cardiovascular diseases. The pathways described were: i) changes in melatonin levels, and circadian rhythm, ii) directly stimulation of photoreceptors sensitive to light in ganglion cells, iii) activation of oxidative stress, and iv) alteration in specific metabolites by activating stress genes. It is concluded that the increase in exposure to artificial light triggers mainly sleep and mood disorders, with light from electronic devices and artificial night the mains source of pollution.
摘要随着工业和经济的发展，人类暴露在人造光下的次数也在增加。因此，目的是分析光污染对人类健康影响的科学证据，重点是人类的主要病理学和污染光的类型。根据PRISMA指南进行了系统综述，在PubMed/Medline、Scielo和Web of Science上搜索原创文章，使用描述符（光[标题]）和（健康），以及关键词“光污染”和“（夜间光）和（卫生）”。结果表明，人体暴露是通过电子设备的光和夜间的人造光（环境光和外部光）发生的。大多数描述的人类改变是睡眠障碍、昼夜节律、褪黑激素和皮质醇的改变。此外，还描述了情绪变化和抑郁、精子发生、眼部结构、体温调节和其他心血管疾病的变化。所描述的途径是：i）褪黑激素水平和昼夜节律的变化，ii）直接刺激神经节细胞中对光敏感的光感受器，iii）氧化应激的激活，以及iv）通过激活应激基因改变特定代谢产物。得出的结论是，暴露在人造光下的次数增加主要会引发睡眠和情绪障碍，电子设备和人造夜晚的光线是污染的主要来源。
{"title":"LIGHT POLLUTION: a systematic review about the impacts of artificial light on human health","authors":"Marli do Cupertino, Bianca Thiengo Guimarães, José Flávio Giardini Pimenta, Leonardo Victor Lima Dutra Almeida, Lorran Nunes Santana, Thalia Azevedo Ribeiro, Yuri Nunes Santana","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2151763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2151763","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As industry and economy progress, human exposure to artificial light increases. Thus, the aim was to analyze the scientific evidence about the light pollution effect on human health, focusing on the main human pathologies and the types of polluting lights. A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, searching for original articles in the PubMed/Medline, Scielo and Web of Science, using the descriptors (light[title]) AND (health), and the key words “light pollution” and “(light at night) AND (health)”. The result shows that human exposure occurs through lights from electronic devices and artificial (ambient, and external) light at night. Human alterations most described were sleep disturbances, circadian rhythm, melatonin, and cortisol alterations. In addition, were described mood alterations and depression, alterations in spermatogenesis, ocular structures, thermoregulation, and other cardiovascular diseases. The pathways described were: i) changes in melatonin levels, and circadian rhythm, ii) directly stimulation of photoreceptors sensitive to light in ganglion cells, iii) activation of oxidative stress, and iv) alteration in specific metabolites by activating stress genes. It is concluded that the increase in exposure to artificial light triggers mainly sleep and mood disorders, with light from electronic devices and artificial night the mains source of pollution.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"263 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47452576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2151775
Yuji Minatoya, Akiko Shikano, K. Tanabe, S. Noi
ABSTRACT This study aimed to clarify the situation of light exposure and examine the relationship between light exposure and bedtime/wake-up time during school days (SD), holidays (HD), and a long-stay camp period (CP) in Japanese children. After data cleaning, the final subjects were 29 children (10.2 ± 1.2 years old, 25 boys and 4 girls) who participated in paid long-term camp programs in the summers of 2019 and 2021. Data on light exposure, bedtime, and wake-up time were collected. The results of the comparison of the total high-intensity light exposure (HLE) hours for each survey period confirmed that HLE was high before the 18:00 zone in CP, and that for SD and HD were high after the 19:00 zone. Furthermore, the longer the total HLE hours before the 18:00 zone and the shorter those after the 19:00 zone were significantly earlier with both bedtime and wake-up time. These findings indicate that daytime and nighttime light exposure in children’s actual living environment is related to their bedtime and wake-up time, and that camping and going to school may be important factors to ensure children’s adequate daytime light exposure.
{"title":"The relationship between light exposure and bedtime/wake-up time during school days, holidays and long-stay camp period in Japanese children","authors":"Yuji Minatoya, Akiko Shikano, K. Tanabe, S. Noi","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2151775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2151775","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to clarify the situation of light exposure and examine the relationship between light exposure and bedtime/wake-up time during school days (SD), holidays (HD), and a long-stay camp period (CP) in Japanese children. After data cleaning, the final subjects were 29 children (10.2 ± 1.2 years old, 25 boys and 4 girls) who participated in paid long-term camp programs in the summers of 2019 and 2021. Data on light exposure, bedtime, and wake-up time were collected. The results of the comparison of the total high-intensity light exposure (HLE) hours for each survey period confirmed that HLE was high before the 18:00 zone in CP, and that for SD and HD were high after the 19:00 zone. Furthermore, the longer the total HLE hours before the 18:00 zone and the shorter those after the 19:00 zone were significantly earlier with both bedtime and wake-up time. These findings indicate that daytime and nighttime light exposure in children’s actual living environment is related to their bedtime and wake-up time, and that camping and going to school may be important factors to ensure children’s adequate daytime light exposure.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"276 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44765789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2139389
Mokidur Rahman, A. Mandal, I. Gayari, Kangabam Bidyalaxmi, D. Sarkar, Teja Allu, A. Debbarma
ABSTRACT Early prediction of livestock productivity in any livestock enterprise provides valuable information to adopt strategic farm management for economic and profitable livestock production. Therefore, researchers developed and implemented different mathematical tools to establish the accuracy of prediction. However, due to the complexity of data sets and high-order non-linearity among the individuals concerning different production traits, the accuracy of forecasting livestock productivity is a tedious job. With this context, the artificial neural network (ANN), a machine learning program, gained popularity in the field of animal science due to its robust and effective handling of the complexity of a large datasets. The present review aims to discuss the potential utility of artificial neural networks in the different fields of livestock farming for improving livestock productivity as well as for the efficient farm management practices for economic and sustainable livestock production.
{"title":"Prospect and scope of artificial neural network in livestock farming: a review","authors":"Mokidur Rahman, A. Mandal, I. Gayari, Kangabam Bidyalaxmi, D. Sarkar, Teja Allu, A. Debbarma","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2139389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2139389","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Early prediction of livestock productivity in any livestock enterprise provides valuable information to adopt strategic farm management for economic and profitable livestock production. Therefore, researchers developed and implemented different mathematical tools to establish the accuracy of prediction. However, due to the complexity of data sets and high-order non-linearity among the individuals concerning different production traits, the accuracy of forecasting livestock productivity is a tedious job. With this context, the artificial neural network (ANN), a machine learning program, gained popularity in the field of animal science due to its robust and effective handling of the complexity of a large datasets. The present review aims to discuss the potential utility of artificial neural networks in the different fields of livestock farming for improving livestock productivity as well as for the efficient farm management practices for economic and sustainable livestock production.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"249 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42638767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2131990
Hassan Shama, Nahum M Gabinet, O. Tzischinsky, B. Portnov
ABSTRACT Monitoring sleep in real-world conditions requires bespoke equipment, e.g., Actigraphs or similar. However, such equipment is relatively expensive and not always available for large-scale field research. This study tests the possibility that sleep in real-world conditions can be monitored, sufficiently accurately, by tandems of commonly used smartphones (SP) and smartwatches (SW). 10 adult participants were asked to wear Actigraph, and SW for 30 consecutive nights. The accumulated records were analyzed using bi-variate statistics, mixed modeling and epoch-by-epoch analysis. A high degree of correspondence was found between Actigraph, SP/SW, and self-report records (R2 = 0.968–0.983). Although the mixed modeling also indicated high collinearity between Actigraphs and SP/SW tandems (b = 0.991; p < 0.001), it was also shown that SP/SW tandems add ⁓21.9 min to the Actigraph measurements while the self-reports were found to be even less accurate, adding ⁓39.9 min. Concurrently, the epoch-by-epoch analysis showed a good agreement between different types of measurements, varying between 81% and 100%. As we conclude, widely available and affordable SPs and SWs can help researchers to generate fairly reliable data for large-scale field studies, albeit measurement corrections need to be applied. Yet, estimates, obtained from sleep diaries, need to be treated with caution.
{"title":"Monitoring sleep in real-world conditions using low-cost technology tools","authors":"Hassan Shama, Nahum M Gabinet, O. Tzischinsky, B. Portnov","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2131990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2131990","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Monitoring sleep in real-world conditions requires bespoke equipment, e.g., Actigraphs or similar. However, such equipment is relatively expensive and not always available for large-scale field research. This study tests the possibility that sleep in real-world conditions can be monitored, sufficiently accurately, by tandems of commonly used smartphones (SP) and smartwatches (SW). 10 adult participants were asked to wear Actigraph, and SW for 30 consecutive nights. The accumulated records were analyzed using bi-variate statistics, mixed modeling and epoch-by-epoch analysis. A high degree of correspondence was found between Actigraph, SP/SW, and self-report records (R2 = 0.968–0.983). Although the mixed modeling also indicated high collinearity between Actigraphs and SP/SW tandems (b = 0.991; p < 0.001), it was also shown that SP/SW tandems add ⁓21.9 min to the Actigraph measurements while the self-reports were found to be even less accurate, adding ⁓39.9 min. Concurrently, the epoch-by-epoch analysis showed a good agreement between different types of measurements, varying between 81% and 100%. As we conclude, widely available and affordable SPs and SWs can help researchers to generate fairly reliable data for large-scale field studies, albeit measurement corrections need to be applied. Yet, estimates, obtained from sleep diaries, need to be treated with caution.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"232 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42745128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-05DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2129487
O. Aarif, A. Aggarwal, A. Sheikh
ABSTRACT Animals adapt to stress by hormone-metabolite interaction. This is necessary to protect animal health status and subsequent milk production. To investigate this, sixteen healthy late-gestation dry Murrah buffaloes were selected and divided into two groups of eight animals each. One group of buffaloes (Cooled/CL) was managed under fan and mist cooling system during dry period. Another group (Non-cooled/NCL) remained without the provision of cooling during dry period. After parturition, all the animals were managed under evaporative cooling. Milk yield was significantly (p<0.05) higher in CL (10.25±0.23 kg/day) relative to NCL (8.92±0.17 kg/day) buffaloes without any significant variation in milk composition. The average dry matter intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in CL as compared to NCL group. The non-esterified fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in CL relative to NCL buffaloes. Significantly (p<0.05) higher glucose level was found on the day of calving in CL as compared to NCL buffaloes. The level of insulin was higher in NCL buffaloes as compared to CL buffaloes. The growth hormone was higher in CL relative to NCL buffaloes. Evaporative cooling in late gestation therefore proves to be a potential tool to alleviate the adverse effect of thermal stress thus affecting subsequent milk production.
{"title":"Evaporative cooling in late gestation heat-stressed transition Murrah buffaloes improves milk production through hormone-metabolite interaction","authors":"O. Aarif, A. Aggarwal, A. Sheikh","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2129487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2129487","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Animals adapt to stress by hormone-metabolite interaction. This is necessary to protect animal health status and subsequent milk production. To investigate this, sixteen healthy late-gestation dry Murrah buffaloes were selected and divided into two groups of eight animals each. One group of buffaloes (Cooled/CL) was managed under fan and mist cooling system during dry period. Another group (Non-cooled/NCL) remained without the provision of cooling during dry period. After parturition, all the animals were managed under evaporative cooling. Milk yield was significantly (p<0.05) higher in CL (10.25±0.23 kg/day) relative to NCL (8.92±0.17 kg/day) buffaloes without any significant variation in milk composition. The average dry matter intake was significantly (p<0.05) higher in CL as compared to NCL group. The non-esterified fatty acids were significantly (p<0.05) higher in CL relative to NCL buffaloes. Significantly (p<0.05) higher glucose level was found on the day of calving in CL as compared to NCL buffaloes. The level of insulin was higher in NCL buffaloes as compared to CL buffaloes. The growth hormone was higher in CL relative to NCL buffaloes. Evaporative cooling in late gestation therefore proves to be a potential tool to alleviate the adverse effect of thermal stress thus affecting subsequent milk production.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"199 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43613530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2129541
L. Pinto-Santini, R. Pérez-Clariget, R. Ungerfeld
ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare the daily variation pattern of testosterone, cortisol, insulin, total blood protein, albumin concentration, glycemia, activity pattern, and surface temperature in 10 Corriedale rams during the breeding (BS) and the non-breeding (NBS) seasons. The surface temperature had a greater mesor but a lower amplitude (P < 0.001), and its’ acrophase was later during the BS than during the NBS. The mesor and amplitude of cortisol were lower during the BS than during the NBS (P = 0.01 for both). The acrophase of the time sleeping and the glycemia:insulin ratio occurred earlier during the BS than during the NBS (P = 0.001 in both). During the BS, there was a greater mesor of testosterone, a greater glycemia (P < 0.001), and a tendency to greater insulin (P = 0.06) than during NBS, but without changes in their daily variation pattern between seasons. In conclusion, some daily variation patterns were robust and maintained despite seasonal variations. Other patterns such as the surface temperature, the behavior pattern, cortisol concentration, and glycemia:insulin ratio were more sensitive to the modulation exerted by environmental variations or the internal changes triggered by them, probably because they are directly involved in favoring the seasonal adaptation in rams.
{"title":"Does the metabolic and behavior daily variation pattern on rams differ in summer and winter?","authors":"L. Pinto-Santini, R. Pérez-Clariget, R. Ungerfeld","doi":"10.1080/09291016.2022.2129541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2022.2129541","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to compare the daily variation pattern of testosterone, cortisol, insulin, total blood protein, albumin concentration, glycemia, activity pattern, and surface temperature in 10 Corriedale rams during the breeding (BS) and the non-breeding (NBS) seasons. The surface temperature had a greater mesor but a lower amplitude (P < 0.001), and its’ acrophase was later during the BS than during the NBS. The mesor and amplitude of cortisol were lower during the BS than during the NBS (P = 0.01 for both). The acrophase of the time sleeping and the glycemia:insulin ratio occurred earlier during the BS than during the NBS (P = 0.001 in both). During the BS, there was a greater mesor of testosterone, a greater glycemia (P < 0.001), and a tendency to greater insulin (P = 0.06) than during NBS, but without changes in their daily variation pattern between seasons. In conclusion, some daily variation patterns were robust and maintained despite seasonal variations. Other patterns such as the surface temperature, the behavior pattern, cortisol concentration, and glycemia:insulin ratio were more sensitive to the modulation exerted by environmental variations or the internal changes triggered by them, probably because they are directly involved in favoring the seasonal adaptation in rams.","PeriodicalId":9208,"journal":{"name":"Biological Rhythm Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"213 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42240620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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