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Reviewer Acknowledgements for Review of European Studies, Vol. 14, No. 3 《欧洲研究评论》第14卷第3期审稿人致谢
Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p97
Paige Dou
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Review of European Studies, Vol. 14, No. 3
《欧洲研究评论》第14卷第3期审稿人致谢
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引用次数: 0
Students’ Attitudes to Online Learning by Means of Zoom in the Period of the COVID-19 Crisis 新冠肺炎危机时期学生对网络放大学习的态度
Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p70
I. Rahimi, G. Zilka
This study examined students’ attitudes to characteristics of learning in Zoom, attitudes to the quality of teaching in Zoom and ways of learning, about a year after the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis. The aim of the current study was to examine, What are students’ attitudes to the characteristics of learning in Zoom, the quality of teaching in Zoom and ways of learning in Zoom? Facilitators, inhibitors, implications and recommendations were identified. The study is a quantitative one, the questionnaire contained closed questions, and 712 students who study in higher education institutions in Israel participated in the study. The findings showed that most students are satisfied with learning in Zoom, and that there was a significant improvement in the students’ attitudes towards learning in Zoom during their studies in the Covid-19 period. It was found that older students have more positive attitudes towards learning in Zoom, and learning disorders are connected to more negative attitudes towards learning in Zoom; however, there was also an improvement in the attitudes of students with learning disorders, during their learning experience in the COVID-19 period.
本研究在新冠疫情爆发大约一年后,调查了学生对Zoom学习特点的态度、对Zoom教学质量的态度和学习方式。本研究的目的是考察学生对Zoom学习特点、Zoom教学质量和Zoom学习方式的态度。确定了促进因素、抑制因素、影响和建议。本研究为定量研究,问卷包含封闭式问题,共有712名在以色列高等教育机构学习的学生参与研究。调查结果显示,大多数学生对Zoom学习感到满意,并且在新冠肺炎期间,学生对Zoom学习的态度有了明显的改善。研究发现,年龄越大的学生对Zoom学习的态度越积极,学习障碍与Zoom学习的态度越消极;然而,在新冠肺炎期间的学习经历中,学习障碍学生的态度也有所改善。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching Approaches for Preschool Teachers Through Community Dance During Pandemic. An Art-Based Research 大流行期间社区舞蹈对幼儿教师教学的启示基于艺术的研究
Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p88
Eleni Tsompanaki, Konstantinos os Mag
This study is part of a postdoctoral research on creative teaching approaches using movement/dance didactic to potential preschool teachers, through distance learning. The aim was to associate the multiplicity of distance education with holistic learning of an experiential nature, during the pandemic and in a state of confinement. Methodologically, it was an Art Based Research (ABR), which utilized alternative forms of expression. The sample consisted of 88 students of a pedagogical department of preschool education, in Greece. The results showed that this research contributed positively to the rebirth of new teaching approaches, which illuminate the connection between art and education and enhance the holistic education of teachers.
本研究是一项博士后研究的一部分,该研究旨在通过远程学习,将运动/舞蹈教学用于潜在的幼儿教师的创造性教学方法。其目的是在大流行期间和禁闭状态下,将远程教育的多样性与体验性质的整体学习联系起来。在方法上,这是一种基于艺术的研究(ABR),它利用了不同的表达形式。样本由希腊学前教育教学部门的88名学生组成。研究结果表明,该研究对新教学方法的重生有积极的贡献,它阐明了艺术与教育的联系,促进了教师的全人教育。
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引用次数: 0
Reform and Compliance: The Impact of International Conditionality on Romania 改革与遵守:国际条件对罗马尼亚的影响
Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p60
Cosmin Marian
Negotiated conditionality is a core strategy of international organizations to encourage candidate countries to comply with their political or economic standards. Its key feature is given by its strategic calculations. The argument of this paper is that the conditionality mechanisms can be topped by rather complicated bargaining rational thinking which results in half-finished reforms conducted with delays and which often match yesterday’s development preferences of the international actors. The focus of the paper is to propose a concept and to illustrate a model of Romania’s strategic practices as a newcomer country aspiring to integrate within international actors’ clubs.
谈判条件是国际组织鼓励候选国遵守其政治或经济标准的一项核心战略。它的主要特点是其战略计算。本文的论点是,条件性机制可以被相当复杂的讨价还价理性思维所超越,这导致了半途而废的改革和拖延,而且往往与国际行动者昨天的发展偏好相匹配。本文的重点是提出一个概念,并说明罗马尼亚作为一个渴望融入国际行动者俱乐部的新国家的战略实践模式。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis of Orientalism in Heart of Darkness 《黑暗的心》中的东方主义分析
Pub Date : 2022-08-08 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p65
Huang Min
The world is commonly divided into the West and the East, two parts that are inherently not alike in many aspects but are tied in one way or another. However, the clash between the two led to the superiority of European powers and hence created a point of view from which Western imperialists understood the Orient and the relation they had with it. Edward Said gave the term “Orientalism” to refer to this mode of representation of the Orient from Western imperial powers’ imagination, while Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is a novella that is exactly centered around the interplay between colonialist and natives from the colonial viewpoint, or in other words, their Orientalist prism. In Heart of Darkness, Conrad shows much sympathy for Africans’ suffering and harsh condemnation of the imperialism. However, at the same time he unwittingly assumes sort of Western White’s superiority and commits the myth of imperialistic ideology by distorting the images of African land as wild, dark, barbarous, mysterious and backward, African people as barbaric, savagery, greedy and primitive while African culture as wicked and horrible.
世界通常分为西方和东方,这两个部分在许多方面本质上并不相同,但却以这样或那样的方式联系在一起。然而,两者之间的冲突导致了欧洲列强的优越性,从而创造了一种西方帝国主义者理解东方及其与东方关系的观点。爱德华·萨义德用“东方主义”一词来指代西方帝国主义对东方的这种想象模式,而约瑟夫·康拉德的《黑暗的心》是一部中篇小说,正是以殖民主义者和当地人之间的相互作用为中心,从殖民的角度来看,或者说,他们的东方主义棱镜。在《黑暗的心》中,康拉德对非洲人民的苦难深表同情,对帝国主义进行了严厉的谴责。但与此同时,他又不自觉地承担了西方白人的优越感,歪曲了非洲土地的荒凉、黑暗、野蛮、神秘、落后的形象,歪曲了非洲人的野蛮、野蛮、贪婪、原始的形象,歪曲了非洲文化的邪恶和恐怖,从而制造了帝国主义意识形态的神话。
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引用次数: 0
Sallust’s Motivation and Cicero’s Influence in the Writing of the Bellum Catilinae 萨罗斯特的创作动机及西塞罗对《卡提利纳战争》写作的影响
Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p55
Richard C. Lin
In 80 BC, at the age of 26, the future Roman statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero defended one Sextus Roscius from accusations of patricide. For Cicero, the stakes were high for challenging such a strong accusation, as patricide was seen as a horrific crime in the public eye of Rome. For one, if Cicero were to lose his defense, he would be the one to blame for Roscius’ consequential harsh punishment, Poena Cullei. Reserved only for patricide, this type of sentence involved wrapping the perpetrator’s head in wolf skin and their beaten body sewn into a sack with live animals—namely snakes, dogs, chickens, and monkeys; only then was the body bag thrown into the water, preventing the traditional and honorable burial that most Romans had.1 Furthermore, Cicero decided to blame the murder on some men with close relations to Sulla, the dictator of the republic and an influential man easily able to silence him. Ultimately, the amateur lawyer won his first public case and used its high stakes to bring himself public recognition. Cicero acknowledges this in one of his works: Itaque prima causa publica pro Sex. Roscio dicta tantum commendationis habuit ut non ulla esset quae non digna nostro patrocinio videretur (“My defense of Sex. Roscius, which was the first public cause I pleaded, met with such a favorable reception, that I was looked upon as an advocate of the first class, and equal to the greatest and most important causes”).2 This fame kickstarted Cicero’s public career, facilitated his rise to consulship in 63 BC, and foreshadowed one of the most notable events of his political career: the Catilinarian conspiracy.
公元前80年,时年26岁的未来的罗马政治家马库斯·图利乌斯·西塞罗为塞克斯图斯·罗西奥辩护,指控他弑父。对于西塞罗来说,挑战这样一个强烈的指控的风险是很高的,因为在罗马公众眼中,杀父是一种可怕的罪行。首先,如果西塞罗输掉了他的辩护,他就应该为罗西乌斯的严厉惩罚——普埃纳·卡莱——负责。这种刑罚只适用于弑父,包括把罪犯的头用狼皮包起来,把被打烂的尸体和活的动物——蛇、狗、鸡和猴子——缝进一个袋子里;直到那时,尸体袋才被扔到水里,阻止了大多数罗马人传统而光荣的葬礼此外,西塞罗决定将谋杀归咎于一些与共和国独裁者苏拉关系密切的人,苏拉是一个很容易让他闭嘴的有影响力的人。最终,这位业余律师赢得了他的第一个公开案件,并利用它的高风险为自己赢得了公众的认可。西塞罗在他的一部作品中承认了这一点:Itaque prima causa publica pro Sex。罗西奥独裁独裁的赞扬是一种习惯,但不是一种习惯,而是一种习惯(我为性辩护)。罗西乌斯,这是我第一次为公众辩护,受到了如此有利的接待,我被视为第一类的倡导者,与最伟大和最重要的事业平等这一名声开启了西塞罗的公共事业,促进了他在公元前63年升任执政官,并预示了他政治生涯中最引人注目的事件之一:卡提利纳阴谋。
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引用次数: 0
The No-Gold Central Banks 没有黄金的中央银行
Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p43
Herman Matthijs, Mark Scholliers
This article examines the central banks of three countries with no membership of the eurozone or the us-dollar zone: the ‘Bank of England’, the ’Norges Bank’ and the ‘Bank of Canada / Banque du Canada.’ It uses a descriptive, factual analysis including a short history, their structure and administrative bodies, and some key financial figures. While there are a number of similarities between the three banks e.g. on the level of administration, they differ considerably with respect to external controls and financial solidity. The ’Norges Bank’ and the ‘Bank of Canada / Banque du Canada‘ have sold all of their gold reserves, while the ‘Bank of England’ only holds a small amount compared to the size of its other assets. Hence, the no-gold banks.
本文考察了三个不属于欧元区或美元区的国家的央行:“英格兰银行”、“挪威银行”和“加拿大银行/加拿大银行”。它采用了描述性的、事实性的分析,包括简短的历史、它们的结构和管理机构,以及一些关键的财务数据。虽然这三家银行之间有许多相似之处,例如在管理水平上,但它们在外部控制和财务稳定性方面存在很大差异。挪威央行(Norges Bank)和加拿大央行(Bank of Canada / Banque du Canada)已经出售了所有的黄金储备,而英国央行(Bank of England)的黄金储备相对于其其他资产的规模而言只有一小部分。因此,出现了无黄金银行。
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引用次数: 0
Geopolitical and Geostrategic Importance of the Iranian Islands in the Persian Gulf 伊朗群岛在波斯湾的地缘政治和地缘战略重要性
Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p30
E. Yazdani, Ma Yanzhe
Iran is a Middle Eastern country which located in the north of the Persian Gulf. Due to the vastness of its territory in the Persian Gulf, Iran has the most beaches in this sea and has a number of the valuable and strategic islands in the entrance of the Persian Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz. In this regards the Iranian islands in the Persian Gulf which are more than 30 islands due to their geopolitical, geostraegic and geoeconomic locations play important role in Iran domestic, regional and global arenas. In addition, some of its islands particularly, three islands of Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu Musa have essential military role in Iran’s security.
伊朗是一个位于波斯湾北部的中东国家。由于其在波斯湾的广阔领土,伊朗在这片海域拥有最多的海滩,并在波斯湾和霍尔木兹海峡的入口处拥有许多有价值和战略意义的岛屿。在这方面,波斯湾的伊朗岛屿由于其地缘政治、地缘战略和地缘经济位置而有30多个岛屿,在伊朗国内、区域和全球舞台上发挥着重要作用。此外,它的一些岛屿,特别是大通布、小通布和阿布穆萨三个岛屿,在伊朗的安全中起着重要的军事作用。
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引用次数: 1
Acceptance of a Connected Blood Pressure Monitor in the Diagnosis of Hypertension in Rural Areas: An Exploratory Study in France 接受连接血压监测仪在农村高血压的诊断:在法国的探索性研究
Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p1
Noémie Chaniaud, Assia Cherfouh, M. Gignon, E. Loup-Escande
Home medical devices are increasingly proving their usefulness to the general public, particularly in medical deserts such as rural areas and also in the diagnosis of hypertension (e.g., telemedicine practice requesting self-measurement of blood pressure), nevertheless, this product is not always well received by the population. The objective of this study is to analyze the acceptance of a connected blood pressure monitor in order to understand the factors that will impact its integration in the activity of its appropriation. Twenty patients living in rural areas awaiting diagnosis of hypertension responded to the UTAUT questionnaire after performing self-monitoring of blood pressure for 3 consecutive days. Our results suggest that the intentions of use are related to the 3 main dimensions of the UTAUT, i.e. expected performance (or perceived usefulness), effort expectancy (or perceived ease-of-use), social influence. Effort Expectancy is also strongly correlated to the attitude toward the device. Nevertheless, age, gender, technophilia, self-efficacy and anxiety are not correlated with usage intentions. These results suggest that the intention to use the blood pressure monitor that may impact actual use is determined more by its usefulness (functions, etc.) and ease of use than by socio-demographic characteristics. This is particularly encouraging insofar as these medical devices are a priori accepted by a population with variable characteristics (age, etc.) providing that they are properly designed to be perceived as useful and usable.
家用医疗设备越来越多地证明了它们对普通公众的有用性,特别是在农村等医疗沙漠地区,以及在高血压诊断方面(例如,要求自我测量血压的远程医疗实践),然而,这种产品并不总是受到民众的欢迎。本研究的目的是分析连接血压监测仪的接受程度,以了解影响其在使用活动中的整合的因素。20例农村待诊高血压患者连续3天自我监测血压后填写UTAUT问卷。我们的研究结果表明,使用意图与UTAUT的3个主要维度有关,即预期性能(或感知有用性)、预期努力(或感知易用性)、社会影响。努力预期也与对设备的态度密切相关。然而,年龄、性别、技术偏好、自我效能和焦虑与使用意图无关。这些结果表明,使用血压监测仪的意图可能会影响实际使用,这更多地取决于其实用性(功能等)和易用性,而不是社会人口统计学特征。这尤其令人鼓舞,因为只要这些医疗设备经过适当设计,被认为是有用和可用的,这些医疗设备就会被具有可变特征(年龄等)的人群先验地接受。
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引用次数: 0
The Impacts of Bibliometrics Measurement in the Scientific Community A Statistical Analysis of Multiple Case Studies 文献计量学测量在科学界的影响——对多个案例的统计分析
Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.5539/res.v14n3p10
Vincenzo Basile, M. Giacalone, P. Cozzucoli
In recent years, statistical methods such as bibliometrics have increasingly intensified to analyse books, articles, and other publications. Bibliometric methods, as techniques to measure the information distribution models, are frequently used in the field of information science and social research. The main purpose of this article is to offer scholars a general framework for the comparison between positive and negative aspects of bibliometrics, on the methods and tools used. Therefore, both the strengths and the critical points will be highlighted, to obtain a complete and detailed overview of the entire argument. In the methodological part, a bibliometric analysis will be applied to various case studies, such as with the Generalized Error Distribution, analysing and commenting on the data, and using the Bibliometrix software. The results suggest that in the future there will be greater consolidation of bibliometrics, as the introduction of increasingly advanced technologies will create new tools and methods characterized by a high degree of automation and speed.
近年来,诸如文献计量学等统计方法越来越多地用于分析书籍、文章和其他出版物。文献计量学方法作为一种测量信息分布模型的技术,在信息科学和社会研究领域中得到了广泛的应用。本文的主要目的是为学者提供一个总体框架,以比较文献计量学的积极和消极方面,以及所使用的方法和工具。因此,优势和关键点都将被突出,以获得整个论点的完整和详细的概述。在方法学部分,文献计量学分析将应用于各种案例研究,例如使用广义误差分布,分析和评论数据,以及使用Bibliometrix软件。结果表明,未来文献计量学将得到更大的整合,因为越来越先进的技术的引入将创造出以高度自动化和速度为特征的新工具和方法。
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引用次数: 1
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Review of European studies
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