Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/jdmdc.2019.06.00184
Ravindrababu Pingili, Keerthi Annavarapu, Hema Lalitha Borra, Rupa Swathi Chakka, Venkatesh Chennuboina, A. Kumar C., Naveen Babu Kilaru, Jaidev Sudhagani
Thyroid diseases are, arguably, among the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide. India too, is no exception. According to a projection from various studies on thyroid disease, it has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases.1 The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the developed world is about 4-5%. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in the developed world is about 4-15%. In a developing and densely populated country like India, communicable diseases are priority health concerns due to their large contribution to the national disease burden.2 A correct etiological, anatomical and functional diagnosis of the thyroid problem is absolutely essential for the proper treatment and well being of the patient.3
{"title":"Assessment of medication adherence and risk factors for hypothyroidism in South Indian Tertiary care hospital: a cross–sectional study","authors":"Ravindrababu Pingili, Keerthi Annavarapu, Hema Lalitha Borra, Rupa Swathi Chakka, Venkatesh Chennuboina, A. Kumar C., Naveen Babu Kilaru, Jaidev Sudhagani","doi":"10.15406/jdmdc.2019.06.00184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdmdc.2019.06.00184","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid diseases are, arguably, among the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide. India too, is no exception. According to a projection from various studies on thyroid disease, it has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases.1 The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the developed world is about 4-5%. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in the developed world is about 4-15%. In a developing and densely populated country like India, communicable diseases are priority health concerns due to their large contribution to the national disease burden.2 A correct etiological, anatomical and functional diagnosis of the thyroid problem is absolutely essential for the proper treatment and well being of the patient.3","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85552613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/jdmdc.2019.06.00185
R. Jain, S. Olejas, Ani Rashel Feh, A. Edwards, Ibina Abigo, W. Zietek, Zoonifer Khan, Satrupa Ragoonanan, Nisha Benoy
Nonoptimal blood glucose has shown to have a detrimental effect on the patient’s daily life.1 In patients without diabetes, their blood sugar is usually maintained between 4mmol/l to 7mmol/l. In diabetic individual with poorly managed diabetes, their blood sugar can rise from 10mmol/l and above.4 High blood sugar together with other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and high cholesterol levels can further aggravate the clogging process.5 This will cause further damage resulting in diseases of the large vessels such as;
{"title":"Evidence discussing glycaemic targets that need to be achieved to reduce macrovascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes","authors":"R. Jain, S. Olejas, Ani Rashel Feh, A. Edwards, Ibina Abigo, W. Zietek, Zoonifer Khan, Satrupa Ragoonanan, Nisha Benoy","doi":"10.15406/jdmdc.2019.06.00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdmdc.2019.06.00185","url":null,"abstract":"Nonoptimal blood glucose has shown to have a detrimental effect on the patient’s daily life.1 In patients without diabetes, their blood sugar is usually maintained between 4mmol/l to 7mmol/l. In diabetic individual with poorly managed diabetes, their blood sugar can rise from 10mmol/l and above.4 High blood sugar together with other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, obesity and high cholesterol levels can further aggravate the clogging process.5 This will cause further damage resulting in diseases of the large vessels such as;","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86154527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-26DOI: 10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00171
E. Frezza, F. Haney
Weight problems are now becoming an everyday problem. The fast pace of our daily life brings terrible habits and bad diets. Nobody is immune. If we act carefully and consistently, we can still lose weight and have a normal life. Every few years or so a new diet come to surface and then disappear for a while and again to re surface. There is no perfect diet. It is important therefore to understand principles than to search for the ideal menu, which probably will never exist. The question, therefore, comes to mind is: what can we do? The answer is that there are many things we can do. We need to plan and follow a regimen. Where to start? Here are the important points: We need to
{"title":"How to lose weight and be healthy?","authors":"E. Frezza, F. Haney","doi":"10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00171","url":null,"abstract":"Weight problems are now becoming an everyday problem. The fast pace of our daily life brings terrible habits and bad diets. Nobody is immune. If we act carefully and consistently, we can still lose weight and have a normal life. Every few years or so a new diet come to surface and then disappear for a while and again to re surface. There is no perfect diet. It is important therefore to understand principles than to search for the ideal menu, which probably will never exist. The question, therefore, comes to mind is: what can we do? The answer is that there are many things we can do. We need to plan and follow a regimen. Where to start? Here are the important points: We need to","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90313663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-10DOI: 10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00169
Monteomo Gf, A. Kamagate, Gnangoran Bn, Y. Ap
Metabolic syndrome (SM) is also known as Syndrome X,1 is a morbid condition, characterized by an aggregate of cardiovascular risk factors and type 2 diabetes such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and hypertriglyceridemia.2 A person has metabolic syndrome (MS) when he/she has a combination of 3 or more specific health risks. It’s becoming an emerging global public health problem, global prevalence can be estimated at about a quarter of the world’s population. In other words, more than one billion people worldwide are affected by the metabolic syndrome.3 This epidemic affects about 35% and 50% of the adult population respectively to United States and Northern Europe.4 The prevalence of MS varies by 4.4 % in Côte d’Ivoire.5 The deleterious effects of MS draw research efforts in developing new interventions to reduce its burden on the healthcare system. Due to its multifactorial nature, selecting an adequate experimental model that best represents the path physiology of MS in humans can be rather challenging. Rats and mice are the most common animal models used in investigating MS. Some of the various approaches used to induce MS in rodents include dietary manipulation, genetic modification and drugs.6 Although heredity is one of the causes of this syndrome, the vast majority of cases is rather related to a sedentary lifestyle and a poor diet including the consumption of high carbohydrate and fat food that would cause lipid abnormalities which are atherogenic.7
{"title":"Risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome by enriched food in pig fat in the Wistar rats","authors":"Monteomo Gf, A. Kamagate, Gnangoran Bn, Y. Ap","doi":"10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00169","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome (SM) is also known as Syndrome X,1 is a morbid condition, characterized by an aggregate of cardiovascular risk factors and type 2 diabetes such as abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and hypertriglyceridemia.2 A person has metabolic syndrome (MS) when he/she has a combination of 3 or more specific health risks. It’s becoming an emerging global public health problem, global prevalence can be estimated at about a quarter of the world’s population. In other words, more than one billion people worldwide are affected by the metabolic syndrome.3 This epidemic affects about 35% and 50% of the adult population respectively to United States and Northern Europe.4 The prevalence of MS varies by 4.4 % in Côte d’Ivoire.5 The deleterious effects of MS draw research efforts in developing new interventions to reduce its burden on the healthcare system. Due to its multifactorial nature, selecting an adequate experimental model that best represents the path physiology of MS in humans can be rather challenging. Rats and mice are the most common animal models used in investigating MS. Some of the various approaches used to induce MS in rodents include dietary manipulation, genetic modification and drugs.6 Although heredity is one of the causes of this syndrome, the vast majority of cases is rather related to a sedentary lifestyle and a poor diet including the consumption of high carbohydrate and fat food that would cause lipid abnormalities which are atherogenic.7","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86214632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-05DOI: 10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00168
ip K. Batabyal, S. Ghosal, B. Ashok, opadhyay
The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is traditionally made based on characteristic clinical picture with typical electrocardiographic and serum enzymes findings. However, these findings could not give us any insight into the disease processes and the metabolic abnormalities associated with AMI. A tendency to hyperglycaemia, for which the lack of insulin was blamed,1 and the possibility of a link with hyperuricemia have been reported.2,3 Several studies reported a close association between high serum lipids and AMI, although a cause and effect relationship remain controversial.4,5 Much emphasis had been given to the role of mineral metabolism when it was reported that cities with the hardest water had a lower mortality rate from coronary heart disease compared to places with soft water.6,7 However, the literature on follow-up studies in acute myocardial infarction is meagre. It was, therefore, our interest to study, some relevant biochemical parameters in this disorder at the onset and three weeks after the event to find out the presence of any association. Search for a stable and dependable parameter which is most positively correlated with AMI was also sought.
{"title":"Presence of metabolic abnormalities in patients with acute myocardial infarction: at the onset and after recovery. A pilot study.","authors":"ip K. Batabyal, S. Ghosal, B. Ashok, opadhyay","doi":"10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00168","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is traditionally made based on characteristic clinical picture with typical electrocardiographic and serum enzymes findings. However, these findings could not give us any insight into the disease processes and the metabolic abnormalities associated with AMI. A tendency to hyperglycaemia, for which the lack of insulin was blamed,1 and the possibility of a link with hyperuricemia have been reported.2,3 Several studies reported a close association between high serum lipids and AMI, although a cause and effect relationship remain controversial.4,5 Much emphasis had been given to the role of mineral metabolism when it was reported that cities with the hardest water had a lower mortality rate from coronary heart disease compared to places with soft water.6,7 However, the literature on follow-up studies in acute myocardial infarction is meagre. It was, therefore, our interest to study, some relevant biochemical parameters in this disorder at the onset and three weeks after the event to find out the presence of any association. Search for a stable and dependable parameter which is most positively correlated with AMI was also sought.","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90625651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-15DOI: 10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00166
F. Ebrahimi, Marie Chevenon, B. Chaucer, Jamila Benmoussa
Metformin is currently the most frequently prescribed anti-diabetic drug worldwide. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but well documented side effect of metformin and can result in serious morbidity, and in rare cases, death. Severe lactic acidosis in the emergency department can have many different clinical presentations that compound the difficulty of MALA diagnosis and increase the mortality rate.
{"title":"Metformin-associated lactic acidosis refractory to hemodialysis in the setting of concomitant alcohol intoxication","authors":"F. Ebrahimi, Marie Chevenon, B. Chaucer, Jamila Benmoussa","doi":"10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00166","url":null,"abstract":"Metformin is currently the most frequently prescribed anti-diabetic drug worldwide. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) is a rare but well documented side effect of metformin and can result in serious morbidity, and in rare cases, death. Severe lactic acidosis in the emergency department can have many different clinical presentations that compound the difficulty of MALA diagnosis and increase the mortality rate.","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79364319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-15DOI: 10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00167
A. Maheshwari
The presence of CKD is a powerful predictor of adverse clinical outcomes.2,3 cardiovascular disease is by far the most common cause of death in dialysis-dependent and renal transplant patients. Only a small minority of the CKD population progress to endstage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT), with death prior to RRT being far more common. A 2010 meta-analysis with data for over 1 million subjects reported that stage 3 CKD (eGFR<60mL/ minute/1.73m2) was associated with both cardiovascular and allcause mortality.4 In a systematic review of associations between non-dialysis-dependent CKD and mortality, Tonelli et al reported that the absolute risk of death increased exponentially with declining renal function.5 Even the earliest, clinically silent stages of CKD have been associated with major cardiovascular disease. In addition to reduced eGFR, ACR and dipstick positive proteinuria have also been associated with graded cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, acting as risk multipliers across all levels of renal function.6,7 In a large Canadian study, Hemmelgarn et al found that heavy proteinuria independently increased risk of death, myocardial infarction (MI) and progression of CKD in particular patient groups.8
CKD的存在是不良临床结果的有力预测因子。2,3心血管疾病是迄今为止透析依赖患者和肾移植患者最常见的死亡原因。只有一小部分CKD患者进展为需要肾替代治疗(RRT)的终末期肾病，而在RRT之前死亡更为常见。2010年的一项荟萃分析显示，超过100万受试者的数据显示，3期CKD (eGFR<60mL/ min /1.73m2)与心血管和全因死亡率相关Tonelli等人对非透析依赖型CKD与死亡率之间的关系进行了系统回顾，他们报道了绝对死亡风险随着肾功能的下降呈指数增长即使是最早的、临床沉默的CKD阶段也与主要的心血管疾病有关。除了eGFR降低外，ACR和尿试纸阳性蛋白尿也与分级心血管和全因死亡率相关，在所有肾功能水平中都是风险倍增器。在加拿大的一项大型研究中，Hemmelgarn等人发现，在特定的患者群体中，重度蛋白尿独立地增加了死亡、心肌梗死(MI)和CKD进展的风险
{"title":"Proteinuria, a marker of cardiovascular risks","authors":"A. Maheshwari","doi":"10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00167","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of CKD is a powerful predictor of adverse clinical outcomes.2,3 cardiovascular disease is by far the most common cause of death in dialysis-dependent and renal transplant patients. Only a small minority of the CKD population progress to endstage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT), with death prior to RRT being far more common. A 2010 meta-analysis with data for over 1 million subjects reported that stage 3 CKD (eGFR<60mL/ minute/1.73m2) was associated with both cardiovascular and allcause mortality.4 In a systematic review of associations between non-dialysis-dependent CKD and mortality, Tonelli et al reported that the absolute risk of death increased exponentially with declining renal function.5 Even the earliest, clinically silent stages of CKD have been associated with major cardiovascular disease. In addition to reduced eGFR, ACR and dipstick positive proteinuria have also been associated with graded cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, acting as risk multipliers across all levels of renal function.6,7 In a large Canadian study, Hemmelgarn et al found that heavy proteinuria independently increased risk of death, myocardial infarction (MI) and progression of CKD in particular patient groups.8","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84907203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-15DOI: 10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00165
Julio Palacios Juárez, Jesús Morales Maza, J. Estrada, Emmanuel Arm, O. F. Gonzalez, Mauricio Zúñiga Zamora, Cristian B Castro Jadan, Ludivina A Cortés Martínez
{"title":"Diabetic hand: an entity more common than thought","authors":"Julio Palacios Juárez, Jesús Morales Maza, J. Estrada, Emmanuel Arm, O. F. Gonzalez, Mauricio Zúñiga Zamora, Cristian B Castro Jadan, Ludivina A Cortés Martínez","doi":"10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77285274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is most common endocrine abnormality in women of reproductive age. Several studies of diverse populations have estimated its prevalence at 6%-10%.1‒2 They described a constellation of amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, obesity and hirsutism in presence of polycystic ovary.3 The disorder has since been known as PCOS, although considerable changes in its definition and path physiology have occurred. The endocrine abnormalities in PCOS include hyperandrogenism of ovarian and/ or adrenal origin, which vary in clinical presentation, leading to arrested follicular development and consequently an ovulation and polycystic ovarian morphology. The majority of women with PCOS have increased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion further worsening the hyperandrogenemic. Metabolic characteristics of PCOS include central adiposity and hyperinsulinemia with consequential insulin resistance further exacerbating hyperandrogenism. Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities seen in PCOS may vary among affected women, thus creating a heterogeneous biochemical and clinical phenotype producing difficulties in establishing a diagnosis. Most patients with PCOS have metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia. All of these metabolic features may play a role in the development of glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, thereby increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases.4 However, it is important to note that an attempt to generalize data obtained from any single ethnic group should be approached with caution. Although a true prevalence study would survey a community, our tertiary care centre represents a reference centre for women with all types of menstrual irregularities and clinical signs of androgen excess, hence this study could be a representative sample of the Eastern Indian population. As a result, the aim of this study was to report the relative prevalence of all four Rotterdam PCOS phenotypes in a tertiary care setting and compare all phenotypes for clinical, hormonal, and metabolic differences.
{"title":"Evaluation of metabolic, hormonal and clinical parameters in different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome: an observational study from a tertiary care centre in Eastern India","authors":"Bhattacharjee Kingshuk, Basu Asish Kumar, Sinha Anirban, Swar Subir Chandra, M. Animesh, Devarbhavi Praveen","doi":"10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JDMDC.2018.05.00164","url":null,"abstract":"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is most common endocrine abnormality in women of reproductive age. Several studies of diverse populations have estimated its prevalence at 6%-10%.1‒2 They described a constellation of amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, obesity and hirsutism in presence of polycystic ovary.3 The disorder has since been known as PCOS, although considerable changes in its definition and path physiology have occurred. The endocrine abnormalities in PCOS include hyperandrogenism of ovarian and/ or adrenal origin, which vary in clinical presentation, leading to arrested follicular development and consequently an ovulation and polycystic ovarian morphology. The majority of women with PCOS have increased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion further worsening the hyperandrogenemic. Metabolic characteristics of PCOS include central adiposity and hyperinsulinemia with consequential insulin resistance further exacerbating hyperandrogenism. Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities seen in PCOS may vary among affected women, thus creating a heterogeneous biochemical and clinical phenotype producing difficulties in establishing a diagnosis. Most patients with PCOS have metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia. All of these metabolic features may play a role in the development of glucose intolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, thereby increasing risk of cardiovascular diseases.4 However, it is important to note that an attempt to generalize data obtained from any single ethnic group should be approached with caution. Although a true prevalence study would survey a community, our tertiary care centre represents a reference centre for women with all types of menstrual irregularities and clinical signs of androgen excess, hence this study could be a representative sample of the Eastern Indian population. As a result, the aim of this study was to report the relative prevalence of all four Rotterdam PCOS phenotypes in a tertiary care setting and compare all phenotypes for clinical, hormonal, and metabolic differences.","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85348264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-31DOI: 10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00163
H. R. Nagendra, Hemant Bhargav, N. Raghuram
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has become a global threat. In 2010, prevalence of T2DM worldwide among adults was 6.4% and it is estimated that by 2030 it will increase by 7.7%. By 2030, diabetes will be affecting approximately 439 million people. In this gap of 20 years (2010 to 2030), the increase will be 69% in developing countries and 20% in developed countries. In fact, the problem is worsening faster than expected, in 2000, the projected figure for 2030 was 366 million,1 and by 2010, the figure has already reached 439 millions. It is now established from epidemiological studies in Asia that approximately 15 percent or 1 in 7 adults has either increased fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance based on the WHO criteria,2,3 of which an estimated 5 to 12 per cent develop Type 2 diabetes annuall.3,4 In 2004, an estimated 3.4 million people died from consequences of high fasting blood sugar,5 and more than 80% of diabetes deaths occur in lowand middle-income countries.6 Moreover, WHO projects that diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death globally in 2030.7
{"title":"Yoga based lifestyle for type 2 diabetes: need for a nationwide movement to control type 2 diabetes","authors":"H. R. Nagendra, Hemant Bhargav, N. Raghuram","doi":"10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jdmdc.2018.05.00163","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has become a global threat. In 2010, prevalence of T2DM worldwide among adults was 6.4% and it is estimated that by 2030 it will increase by 7.7%. By 2030, diabetes will be affecting approximately 439 million people. In this gap of 20 years (2010 to 2030), the increase will be 69% in developing countries and 20% in developed countries. In fact, the problem is worsening faster than expected, in 2000, the projected figure for 2030 was 366 million,1 and by 2010, the figure has already reached 439 millions. It is now established from epidemiological studies in Asia that approximately 15 percent or 1 in 7 adults has either increased fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance based on the WHO criteria,2,3 of which an estimated 5 to 12 per cent develop Type 2 diabetes annuall.3,4 In 2004, an estimated 3.4 million people died from consequences of high fasting blood sugar,5 and more than 80% of diabetes deaths occur in lowand middle-income countries.6 Moreover, WHO projects that diabetes will be the 7th leading cause of death globally in 2030.7","PeriodicalId":92240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes, metabolic disorders & control","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74455331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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