Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6515
S. O. Igwe, T. E. Chancha, Blessing G. Umbugadu, Beatrice G. Dauda
ABSTRACT---The study was carried out in Onitsha north and Onitsha south local government area of Anambra State Nigeria. The main objective of the study was to assess the profitability and viability of catfish marketing. Data were collected with structured questionnaires administered to 65 randomly selected catfish marketers. Mean, frequency, percentages, gross margin, Net profit, Gross margin ratio, Operating ratio and Return on investment were all employed to analyze the objectives. The result revealed that transportation cost is the most militating factor against catfish marketing in Onitsha north and Onitsha south local government area of Anambra State Nigeria. The study also revealed that, catfish marketing in the study area was profitable and viable with return on Investment (ROI) of 22.17% and a Gross Margin ratio of 18.14%. The study therefore, recommends that government should provide storage facility and rehabilitate our roads to reduce the cost of transportation in marketing.
{"title":"Assessment of the Profitability and Viability of Catfish Marketing in Onitsha North and South Local Government area of Anambra State Nigeria","authors":"S. O. Igwe, T. E. Chancha, Blessing G. Umbugadu, Beatrice G. Dauda","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6515","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT---The study was carried out in Onitsha north and Onitsha south local government area of Anambra State Nigeria. The main objective of the study was to assess the profitability and viability of catfish marketing. Data were collected with structured questionnaires administered to 65 randomly selected catfish marketers. Mean, frequency, percentages, gross margin, Net profit, Gross margin ratio, Operating ratio and Return on investment were all employed to analyze the objectives. The result revealed that transportation cost is the most militating factor against catfish marketing in Onitsha north and Onitsha south local government area of Anambra State Nigeria. The study also revealed that, catfish marketing in the study area was profitable and viable with return on Investment (ROI) of 22.17% and a Gross Margin ratio of 18.14%. The study therefore, recommends that government should provide storage facility and rehabilitate our roads to reduce the cost of transportation in marketing.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44879577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6538
Mbiti Job M’ithibutu, E. O. Gogo, F. Lugogo, Gregory Baker
--Purpose: For many years the failure of actors such as farmers to comply with regulations that promote public good, such as adherence to safe practices in the use of agrochemicals was only understood from a position of weak enforcement and surveillance. The study sought to evaluate agribusiness regulatory compliance and consumers’ willingness to pay for a food safety premium among vegetable producers in Kenya. Methodology: The researcher adopted a cross-sectional survey design to randomly recruit a sample of crop farmers (n=118) and vegetable consumers (n=235) from Kirinyaga and Kiambu counties in Kenya, respectively. Data on consumer willingness to pay for safe agricultural produce as well as logistical issues regarding proximity to markets and social status of the crop farmers were collected using a researcher-administered questionnaire in a one-on-one interview. A similar approach was adopted to interview consumers’ social status and vegetable consumption patterns. Results/Findings: The study found that the present commercialization of tomatoes and kales is driven by low-income earners’ bid to earn a livelihood. However, their capital limitations push them to farm outside planned areas such as forests fringes, riverbanks or low potential zones in which they face extraordinary pressure from pests and diseases, which in turn compel them to abuse agrochemicals. This finding also explains their marginalization from county government extension services, high costs of market access and potential to experiment with classified agrochemicals. The study revealed that high income consumer from Westlands (91.44%) were likely to consider agrochemicals in their decisions to purchase vegetables compared to medium and low-income from Kasarani and Embakasi (2.21% and 6.35%), respectively. Majority of the vegetable consumers were not aware of varied agrichemical used by fathers as well as their health and environmental effects.There is reason to believe that both farmers and consumers could be heavily exposed to which the study proposes a population-based survey to assess agrochemical poisoning. Unique contribution to theories, practice and policy: This study finds compelling evidence to suggest that livelihood and farming outcomes of vegetable farmers are a key consideration among consumers purchase decisions. The findings also suggest that these factors significantly incentivize the farmer to comply with agribusiness ethics regulations. The paper recommends a training of extension officers and advocate for more budgetary allocation on agriculture. The extension officers will in turn train farmers on god farming practices as well as implementation of mitigation measures in relation to toxic pesticides. The researcher feels that there is a need to for a research to be conducted to understand the involvement of farmers in the formulation of policies and agribusiness practices rules in order to gain knowledge on the level of acceptance of these polices among far
{"title":"Evaluating Agribusiness Regulatory Compliance among Vegetable Producers in Kenya Against Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Food Safety","authors":"Mbiti Job M’ithibutu, E. O. Gogo, F. Lugogo, Gregory Baker","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6538","url":null,"abstract":"--Purpose: For many years the failure of actors such as farmers to comply with regulations that promote public good, such as adherence to safe practices in the use of agrochemicals was only understood from a position of weak enforcement and surveillance. The study sought to evaluate agribusiness regulatory compliance and consumers’ willingness to pay for a food safety premium among vegetable producers in Kenya. Methodology: The researcher adopted a cross-sectional survey design to randomly recruit a sample of crop farmers (n=118) and vegetable consumers (n=235) from Kirinyaga and Kiambu counties in Kenya, respectively. Data on consumer willingness to pay for safe agricultural produce as well as logistical issues regarding proximity to markets and social status of the crop farmers were collected using a researcher-administered questionnaire in a one-on-one interview. A similar approach was adopted to interview consumers’ social status and vegetable consumption patterns. Results/Findings: The study found that the present commercialization of tomatoes and kales is driven by low-income earners’ bid to earn a livelihood. However, their capital limitations push them to farm outside planned areas such as forests fringes, riverbanks or low potential zones in which they face extraordinary pressure from pests and diseases, which in turn compel them to abuse agrochemicals. This finding also explains their marginalization from county government extension services, high costs of market access and potential to experiment with classified agrochemicals. The study revealed that high income consumer from Westlands (91.44%) were likely to consider agrochemicals in their decisions to purchase vegetables compared to medium and low-income from Kasarani and Embakasi (2.21% and 6.35%), respectively. Majority of the vegetable consumers were not aware of varied agrichemical used by fathers as well as their health and environmental effects.There is reason to believe that both farmers and consumers could be heavily exposed to which the study proposes a population-based survey to assess agrochemical poisoning. Unique contribution to theories, practice and policy: This study finds compelling evidence to suggest that livelihood and farming outcomes of vegetable farmers are a key consideration among consumers purchase decisions. The findings also suggest that these factors significantly incentivize the farmer to comply with agribusiness ethics regulations. The paper recommends a training of extension officers and advocate for more budgetary allocation on agriculture. The extension officers will in turn train farmers on god farming practices as well as implementation of mitigation measures in relation to toxic pesticides. The researcher feels that there is a need to for a research to be conducted to understand the involvement of farmers in the formulation of policies and agribusiness practices rules in order to gain knowledge on the level of acceptance of these polices among far","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48454429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6525
F. Momen, R. Barua, Md. Golam Kabir
Introduction: Solanum sisymbriifolium or lychee tomato is a small, viscid, and prickly wild shrub native to South America, widely distributed throughout Bangladesh. Although roots and other aerial parts of this plant are traditionally used for treating various ailments, much work has not yet been done to elucidate its nutritional and economic importance of the edible fruit of this medicinal plant. Therefore, to explore the nutritional value as a food source, the proximate value and mineral content of ripe and unripe fruit of S. sisymbriifolium were assessed in this study.
{"title":"Evaluation of Nutrient Composition of Ripe and Unripe Fruits of Solanum sisymbriifolium","authors":"F. Momen, R. Barua, Md. Golam Kabir","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6525","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Solanum sisymbriifolium or lychee tomato is a small, viscid, and prickly wild shrub native to South America, widely distributed throughout Bangladesh. Although roots and other aerial parts of this plant are traditionally used for treating various ailments, much work has not yet been done to elucidate its nutritional and economic importance of the edible fruit of this medicinal plant. Therefore, to explore the nutritional value as a food source, the proximate value and mineral content of ripe and unripe fruit of S. sisymbriifolium were assessed in this study.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49044573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-24DOI: 10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6491
S. Kefi, O. Kavuncu, Engin Bıyıklı, A. Salantur, Mehmet Emin Alyamaç, A. K. Evlice, A. Pehlivan
Nowadays diploid einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum), widely cultivated in the Neolithic age, has been reconsidered as the valuable genetic resource for breeding and organic farming due to its high resistance to pests and diseases, adaptation to harsh climates, ability to provide acceptable yields on poor soils even with low/without inputs and high nutritional values. In this research, local 45 cultivated einkorn lines, selected from 500 single rows planted by each single spikes collected from total 50 farmers’ fields in 34 villages of Kastamonu/Turkey, were evaluated in terms of their morpho-agronomical traits and nutritional characteristics during two sowing seasons, autumn 2017 and spring 2018. Einkorn lines sown in two different seasons showed significant variations for heading time, plant height, lodging susceptibility, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, gross grain yield, amount of glume, single kernel weight, kernel diameter, hardness index, grain protein content and the color (a, b, L) values of flour. Furthermore, most of the correlation coefficients between these characteristics were found to be significant. All lines showed “facultative” growth habit, flowering well when sown both in autumn and in spring. Although lines sown in autumn had more yields, the same lines sown in spring provided higher grain quality and more resistance to lodging due to having shorter stems. In order to enable sustainable future use of einkorn, further research is suggested for reduction of plant height to avoid lodging and improvement of grain yield to compete with modern high yielding wheat cultivars.
{"title":"Morpho-Agronomical and Nutritional Evaluation of Cultivated Einkorn Wheat (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum) Lines Sown in Autumn and Spring Seasons","authors":"S. Kefi, O. Kavuncu, Engin Bıyıklı, A. Salantur, Mehmet Emin Alyamaç, A. K. Evlice, A. Pehlivan","doi":"10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/AJAFS.V9I1.6491","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays diploid einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum), widely cultivated in the Neolithic age, has been reconsidered as the valuable genetic resource for breeding and organic farming due to its high resistance to pests and diseases, adaptation to harsh climates, ability to provide acceptable yields on poor soils even with low/without inputs and high nutritional values. In this research, local 45 cultivated einkorn lines, selected from 500 single rows planted by each single spikes collected from total 50 farmers’ fields in 34 villages of Kastamonu/Turkey, were evaluated in terms of their morpho-agronomical traits and nutritional characteristics during two sowing seasons, autumn 2017 and spring 2018. Einkorn lines sown in two different seasons showed significant variations for heading time, plant height, lodging susceptibility, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, gross grain yield, amount of glume, single kernel weight, kernel diameter, hardness index, grain protein content and the color (a, b, L) values of flour. Furthermore, most of the correlation coefficients between these characteristics were found to be significant. All lines showed “facultative” growth habit, flowering well when sown both in autumn and in spring. Although lines sown in autumn had more yields, the same lines sown in spring provided higher grain quality and more resistance to lodging due to having shorter stems. In order to enable sustainable future use of einkorn, further research is suggested for reduction of plant height to avoid lodging and improvement of grain yield to compete with modern high yielding wheat cultivars.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41544901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6447
F. Momen, R. Barua, Md. Golam Kabir
ABSTRACT— Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. (Solanaceae), commonly referred to as Kantikari (Bengali ), st icky nightshade, or litchi tomato. Despite, the traditional use of this plant for several ailments, very little i s known about the phytochemical and pharmacological content of the edible ripe berries of this medicinal plant. Ethanol and petroleum ether extract of the ripe and unripe fruits of Solanum sisymbriifolium were examined by using standard analytical methods to determine and compare their b ioactive chemical constituents, total phenolic content, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential. Quantitative phytochemical screening showed that the presence o f medicinal ly active secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins were detected in both ripe and unripe frui ts. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were found to be more pronounced in ripe fruit extract, whereas unripe fruit extracts showed moderate cytotoxic activity. DPPH free radical scavenging method demonstrated that IC50 value of ethanol and petroleum ether extract of ripe fruits were 194.40μg/ml and 436μg/ml, and for unripe fruit the va lues were 689.82μg/ml and 1411.23μg/ml. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the LC 50 value of unripe fruits was 230.6559μg/ml for ethanol extract and 314.9227μg/ml for petroleum ether extract. The LC 50 va lue o f the ethanol extract of ripe fruits was 456.1021μg/ml and for petroleum ether extract was 1,017.6848μg/ml . The resul ts o f this study showed that the litchi tomato not only has the potential to be a rich source of an edible compound due to the presence of profound phytochemical constituents but also can be used as a source of pharmacological references.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of in Vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Unripe and Ripe Fruits of Solanum sisymbriifolium","authors":"F. Momen, R. Barua, Md. Golam Kabir","doi":"10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6447","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT— Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam. (Solanaceae), commonly referred to as Kantikari (Bengali ), st icky nightshade, or litchi tomato. Despite, the traditional use of this plant for several ailments, very little i s known about the phytochemical and pharmacological content of the edible ripe berries of this medicinal plant. Ethanol and petroleum ether extract of the ripe and unripe fruits of Solanum sisymbriifolium were examined by using standard analytical methods to determine and compare their b ioactive chemical constituents, total phenolic content, antioxidant, and cytotoxic potential. Quantitative phytochemical screening showed that the presence o f medicinal ly active secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins were detected in both ripe and unripe frui ts. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were found to be more pronounced in ripe fruit extract, whereas unripe fruit extracts showed moderate cytotoxic activity. DPPH free radical scavenging method demonstrated that IC50 value of ethanol and petroleum ether extract of ripe fruits were 194.40μg/ml and 436μg/ml, and for unripe fruit the va lues were 689.82μg/ml and 1411.23μg/ml. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the LC 50 value of unripe fruits was 230.6559μg/ml for ethanol extract and 314.9227μg/ml for petroleum ether extract. The LC 50 va lue o f the ethanol extract of ripe fruits was 456.1021μg/ml and for petroleum ether extract was 1,017.6848μg/ml . The resul ts o f this study showed that the litchi tomato not only has the potential to be a rich source of an edible compound due to the presence of profound phytochemical constituents but also can be used as a source of pharmacological references.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41323199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6333
Offar Gwandi Ta'awu
--This paper explores the likelihoods of optimal allocation of resources as livelihood strategies for the farmers in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India and Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study compared and determined the best production plan and resource allocation among food crop farmers in the two location of the study area Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Adamawa State, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to examine the socio-economic characteristics of food crop famers and to formulate alternative farm plans for improving farm economy. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select a total of 300 food crop farmers, the data for the study were randomly collected from 150 farmers from the eight district of Varanasi District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh and 150 from eight villages of the 21 local government area of Adamawa state. Structured questionnaire survey was used to obtained data from the respondents in the study area. Descriptive statistics and Sen’s Multi-Objective Programming (MOP) Model was used to analyze the data obtained from the field survey. The study shows that in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Adamawa State, majority 96% and 68.7% were full time farmers with average mean of 46.5 and 31 years of age respectively. They had average agricultural farming experience of 27 years for farmers in Uttar Pradesh and 30.96 years of farming experience for farmers in Adamawa State Nigeria. Majority (94%) Eastern Uttar Pradesh and (85.3%) Adamawa State were male farmers and only 18.7% in Uttar Pradesh and 15.3% of the respondent had no formal education with average land holding of 0.73 (Uttar Pradesh) and 3.1 (Adamawa State) hectares. The result of the multiple objective programming reveals that the existing average income of ₹58168 (Uttar Pradesh) and ₹69348.97 (Adamawa State) was realized while the optimal income obtained from the multi-objective programming was ₹61251.40 Uttar Pradesh and ₹71979.95 Adamawa State which is 5.30 and 3.79 per cent higher over present income respectively. Consequently, for employment, the existing plan was 80.92 man days for Uttar Pradesh and 156.5 man days for Adamawa State while the optimal plan for the maximization of employment recommends 81.32 man days which represent 0.49 per cent increase for Uttar Pradesh and 162 man days which represent 3.51per cent increase for Adamawa State. Lastly for the minimization of fertilizer the existing plan allocated 218.97 kg for farmers in Uttar Pradesh and 282.15 kg for farmers in Adamawa State of fertilizer while the optimal plan for minimization of fertilizer use recommends 204 kg Uttar Pradesh and 218.03 kg Adamawa State which represents a decrease of 6.83 per cent and 22.73 per cent respectively. It is recommended among others that the food crop farmers be educated on allocation of resources for optimum utilization to raise their level of production and income for a better livelihood. Keywords--Farmers’ Livelihood Strategies, Opimising resource use, Sen’s Multiobjective Program
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Farmers’ Livelihood Strategies by Optimizing Resource Use in Farming Areas of Adamawa State, Nigeria and Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India: An Application of Sen’s Multi-Objectve Programming Approach","authors":"Offar Gwandi Ta'awu","doi":"10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6333","url":null,"abstract":"--This paper explores the likelihoods of optimal allocation of resources as livelihood strategies for the farmers in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India and Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study compared and determined the best production plan and resource allocation among food crop farmers in the two location of the study area Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Adamawa State, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to examine the socio-economic characteristics of food crop famers and to formulate alternative farm plans for improving farm economy. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select a total of 300 food crop farmers, the data for the study were randomly collected from 150 farmers from the eight district of Varanasi District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh and 150 from eight villages of the 21 local government area of Adamawa state. Structured questionnaire survey was used to obtained data from the respondents in the study area. Descriptive statistics and Sen’s Multi-Objective Programming (MOP) Model was used to analyze the data obtained from the field survey. The study shows that in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Adamawa State, majority 96% and 68.7% were full time farmers with average mean of 46.5 and 31 years of age respectively. They had average agricultural farming experience of 27 years for farmers in Uttar Pradesh and 30.96 years of farming experience for farmers in Adamawa State Nigeria. Majority (94%) Eastern Uttar Pradesh and (85.3%) Adamawa State were male farmers and only 18.7% in Uttar Pradesh and 15.3% of the respondent had no formal education with average land holding of 0.73 (Uttar Pradesh) and 3.1 (Adamawa State) hectares. The result of the multiple objective programming reveals that the existing average income of ₹58168 (Uttar Pradesh) and ₹69348.97 (Adamawa State) was realized while the optimal income obtained from the multi-objective programming was ₹61251.40 Uttar Pradesh and ₹71979.95 Adamawa State which is 5.30 and 3.79 per cent higher over present income respectively. Consequently, for employment, the existing plan was 80.92 man days for Uttar Pradesh and 156.5 man days for Adamawa State while the optimal plan for the maximization of employment recommends 81.32 man days which represent 0.49 per cent increase for Uttar Pradesh and 162 man days which represent 3.51per cent increase for Adamawa State. Lastly for the minimization of fertilizer the existing plan allocated 218.97 kg for farmers in Uttar Pradesh and 282.15 kg for farmers in Adamawa State of fertilizer while the optimal plan for minimization of fertilizer use recommends 204 kg Uttar Pradesh and 218.03 kg Adamawa State which represents a decrease of 6.83 per cent and 22.73 per cent respectively. It is recommended among others that the food crop farmers be educated on allocation of resources for optimum utilization to raise their level of production and income for a better livelihood. Keywords--Farmers’ Livelihood Strategies, Opimising resource use, Sen’s Multiobjective Program","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43410220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6484
Beriso Mieso Buta
Oxalic acid (or its dissociated form oxalate) is a result of protein metabolism and is among the important nutrients in the human diet. Regular consumption of large amounts of food with high oxalate contents over a long period may result in nutrient deficiencies notably calcium and contribute to kidney stone formation. The aim of current research is to determine some physicochemical characteristics as well as the oxalate content of cassava in addition to sweet potato grown in Areka, Ethiopia using titration and UV-visible spectrophotometric methods. The moisture content of dry flour and fresh roots of cassava was found to be 10.33 and 55.27 %, respectively, while the moisture content of dry flour and fresh tuber of sweet potato was 9.07 and 68.47 %, respectively. The ash content of the flour sample of cassava and sweet potato was 3.60 and 4.13 %, respectively. The pH of the flour sample of cassava and sweet potato was 6.23 and 6.13, respectively. Oxalate content determination was done using titration and UV-visible spectrophotometer methods. The oxalate level of samples using the titration method gave 77.66 and 197.90 mg/100g for cassava and sweet potato, respectively. By the UV-visible spectrophotometer, the oxalate content was 151.19 and 153.56 mg/100g for cassava and sweet potato, respectively. Statistical analysis on the generated data indicated that all physicochemical investigated in this study have significance difference at p≤ 0.05.
{"title":"An Evaluation of Oxalate Content in Cassava Roots and Sweet Potato Tubers in Areka, Ethiopia","authors":"Beriso Mieso Buta","doi":"10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6484","url":null,"abstract":"Oxalic acid (or its dissociated form oxalate) is a result of protein metabolism and is among the important nutrients in the human diet. Regular consumption of large amounts of food with high oxalate contents over a long period may result in nutrient deficiencies notably calcium and contribute to kidney stone formation. The aim of current research is to determine some physicochemical characteristics as well as the oxalate content of cassava in addition to sweet potato grown in Areka, Ethiopia using titration and UV-visible spectrophotometric methods. The moisture content of dry flour and fresh roots of cassava was found to be 10.33 and 55.27 %, respectively, while the moisture content of dry flour and fresh tuber of sweet potato was 9.07 and 68.47 %, respectively. The ash content of the flour sample of cassava and sweet potato was 3.60 and 4.13 %, respectively. The pH of the flour sample of cassava and sweet potato was 6.23 and 6.13, respectively. Oxalate content determination was done using titration and UV-visible spectrophotometer methods. The oxalate level of samples using the titration method gave 77.66 and 197.90 mg/100g for cassava and sweet potato, respectively. By the UV-visible spectrophotometer, the oxalate content was 151.19 and 153.56 mg/100g for cassava and sweet potato, respectively. Statistical analysis on the generated data indicated that all physicochemical investigated in this study have significance difference at p≤ 0.05.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45668151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6439
M. Vargová, K. Veszelits Laktičová, N. Sasáková, František Zigo
Every step from production through consumption can influence the microbiology of food products. Unsanitary equipment and unsufficient hygienic level in food industry lead to increased populations of microorganisms and can compromise quality and safety. Proper use of disinfectants can complement an effect ive sanitation program. Sanitation is an important part of the HACCP system, as its application significantly el iminates microorganisms in the production process. The system is an auxiliary control body for monitoring compl iance wi th hygiene procedures. As a result of non-compliance with sanitation procedures, food products are contaminated and undesirable foodborne illnesses of the consumer occur. The epidemiology of foodborne diseases is rapidly changing as newly recognized pathogens emerge and well recognized pathogens increase in prevalence or become associa ted with new food vehicles. In this work, we focused on cleaning and disinfection of surfaces that significantly affect the hygienic safety of the resulting products. The purpose of sampling was to assess the effectiveness of disinfect ion in a bakery in order to prevent the occurrence of foodborne diseases. For disinfection, a 3% concentration of Savo disinfectant was used. Surface hygiene control was performed using microbiological swabs before the start of production, during production and after disinfection. Samples were taken from work surfaces floor, wall, table, t ray and mixer. Disinfectant Savo was effective on floor, wall, tray and mixer where were detected significant decrease o f colony forming units of total count of bacteria, coliform bacteria and moulds after disinfection. On these moni tored surfaces no bacteria after disinfection was detected. On the table were detected 3colony forming units of total count of bacteria after disinfection which represent decrease of microorganisms, in compare with numbers of microorganisms before production. The results from the microbiological swabs shows that disinfectant Savo was able to decrease the number of colonies forming units after disinfection.
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Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6438
K. Veszelits Laktičová, M. Vargová, N. Sasáková, František Zigo
Hygiene and sanitation has decisive position in dairy industry, because their level greatly affects food quality and safety. The food industry in the territory of the Slovak Republic applies the HACCP system, which is mandatory for all producers and persons who handle food or place food on the market. HACCP is general ly an organizational system that ensures the production of health-friendly food through the analysis and subsequent control of chemical, biological and physical hazards that are able to endanger the health safety of food throughout the production process. In addition, requirements for cleaning and disinfection of the plant are an important part o f i t Milk, as the main raw material in the dairy plant in the production of drinking milk and dairy products, is an excellent substrate for the growth and multiplication of a wide range of microorganisms. Multiplied microorganisms often cause food contamination and the development of foodborne illness in the consumer. The effectiveness of disinfection affects not only the resistance of microorganisms but also the choice and method of use of disinfectant as well as the external environment in which the disinfection process takes place. The correct choice o f d isinfectant application play a key role in achieving the desired goal. In this work we focused on the hygienic level and efficiency of sanitation, using microbiological swabs taken from various surfaces and technological equipment in the monitored parts of the dairy operation and personal hygiene in selected employees. We also used the fingerprint method to monitor the level of personal hygiene, which is an important element in the production of safe food. The results obtained indicate a satisfactory level of hygiene in the various stages of production, sufficiently efficient sanitation of premises and technological equipment, with the exception of the working table in section of cottage cheese production, where we detected 40 CFU of total count of microorganisms and 2 CFU of coliform bacteria. The assessment of the personal hygiene of the employees' hands in dairy processing plant was satisfactory, except for one employee who was working in section of cottage cheese production. On his right hand we detected 50 CFU of to tal count of microorganisms and 1 CFU of coliform bacteria after disinfection. In case non-respect of hygienic principles of surfaces in production sections, and of employee ́s hands in dairy processing plant, food contamination can occur and consequently endanger the health of the consumer. Keywords— Hygiene, Dairy, Disinfection, Disinfectant, Microorganisms, Employees _________________________________________________________________________________ ABBREVIATIONS: CFU: Colony Forming Units, HACCP: Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
{"title":"Assessment of the Hygiene Level in the Dairy Processing Plant","authors":"K. Veszelits Laktičová, M. Vargová, N. Sasáková, František Zigo","doi":"10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6438","url":null,"abstract":"Hygiene and sanitation has decisive position in dairy industry, because their level greatly affects food quality and safety. The food industry in the territory of the Slovak Republic applies the HACCP system, which is mandatory for all producers and persons who handle food or place food on the market. HACCP is general ly an organizational system that ensures the production of health-friendly food through the analysis and subsequent control of chemical, biological and physical hazards that are able to endanger the health safety of food throughout the production process. In addition, requirements for cleaning and disinfection of the plant are an important part o f i t Milk, as the main raw material in the dairy plant in the production of drinking milk and dairy products, is an excellent substrate for the growth and multiplication of a wide range of microorganisms. Multiplied microorganisms often cause food contamination and the development of foodborne illness in the consumer. The effectiveness of disinfection affects not only the resistance of microorganisms but also the choice and method of use of disinfectant as well as the external environment in which the disinfection process takes place. The correct choice o f d isinfectant application play a key role in achieving the desired goal. In this work we focused on the hygienic level and efficiency of sanitation, using microbiological swabs taken from various surfaces and technological equipment in the monitored parts of the dairy operation and personal hygiene in selected employees. We also used the fingerprint method to monitor the level of personal hygiene, which is an important element in the production of safe food. The results obtained indicate a satisfactory level of hygiene in the various stages of production, sufficiently efficient sanitation of premises and technological equipment, with the exception of the working table in section of cottage cheese production, where we detected 40 CFU of total count of microorganisms and 2 CFU of coliform bacteria. The assessment of the personal hygiene of the employees' hands in dairy processing plant was satisfactory, except for one employee who was working in section of cottage cheese production. On his right hand we detected 50 CFU of to tal count of microorganisms and 1 CFU of coliform bacteria after disinfection. In case non-respect of hygienic principles of surfaces in production sections, and of employee ́s hands in dairy processing plant, food contamination can occur and consequently endanger the health of the consumer. Keywords— Hygiene, Dairy, Disinfection, Disinfectant, Microorganisms, Employees _________________________________________________________________________________ ABBREVIATIONS: CFU: Colony Forming Units, HACCP: Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46591985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6437
S. Ondrašovičová, K. Lakticova, M. Vargová, František Zigo
The poultry sector plays an important role in animal production in terms of maintaining a stable production of healthy food for the population. With regard to the egg industry, sustainability refers to the treatment of laying hens and especially the systems used for hen housing. The conditions of welfare and housing of laying hens in the production of table eggs are currently of interest to most egg sellers as well as consumers as they directly affect the economy of their production and their price. At present, consumers have a choice of four types of eggs on the shelves. They can come from the cage, litter, free-range or organic farming. Each farm has well-defined rules that it must follow. Customers are increasingly interested in where and under what circumstances are produced the eggs which they bring home from the store. In addition to price, customers look for a story behind the package and make their decisions accordingly. Although recognizing that issues such as environmental consequences, food safety, and humane treatment of hens are also important, this article focuses on the relationships between hen housing and economy and market eggs production.
{"title":"The Influence of Housing for Laying Hens on the Economics of Egg Production","authors":"S. Ondrašovičová, K. Lakticova, M. Vargová, František Zigo","doi":"10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24203/ajafs.v8i6.6437","url":null,"abstract":"The poultry sector plays an important role in animal production in terms of maintaining a stable production of healthy food for the population. With regard to the egg industry, sustainability refers to the treatment of laying hens and especially the systems used for hen housing. The conditions of welfare and housing of laying hens in the production of table eggs are currently of interest to most egg sellers as well as consumers as they directly affect the economy of their production and their price. At present, consumers have a choice of four types of eggs on the shelves. They can come from the cage, litter, free-range or organic farming. Each farm has well-defined rules that it must follow. Customers are increasingly interested in where and under what circumstances are produced the eggs which they bring home from the store. In addition to price, customers look for a story behind the package and make their decisions accordingly. Although recognizing that issues such as environmental consequences, food safety, and humane treatment of hens are also important, this article focuses on the relationships between hen housing and economy and market eggs production.","PeriodicalId":92332,"journal":{"name":"Asian journal of agriculture and food science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49544688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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