Mindfulness & compassion最新文献

Working conditions in modern societies have undergone many changes in recent years and a large amount of specialised literature reports that employee psychological and emotional health is becoming increasingly affected. Psychosocial risk assessments of the individual and organisational consequences have begun to be studied in Chile. The present study evaluates the impact of a mindfulness-based intervention on a group of employees in a Chilean banking institution. Five dimensions were established for the study: Mindfulness, Subjective Well-being, Affect/anxiety, Engagement, and Work Satisfaction. The statistical significance of observed differences was made using the t-test on the required parametric assumptions, or in their absence, using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The differences in scores were also examined using a simple three-level linearregression model. A Bayesian approximation was additionally used with Markov Chain Monte Carlo estimation procedures. The investigation found that the intervention significantly increased mindfulness levels (particularly in non-judgment and observation aspects) and also significantly lowered the negative emotions and anxiety levels of the participants. Less conclusive evidence was found for an increase in observed subjective wellbeing (one case). No significant differences were observed for positive emotions and life satisfaction, or in engagement and work satisfaction levels. Results are discussed in light of psychosocial factors, and some future guidelines are proposed.

In the last few years, compassion-based approaches have been integrated into the field of psychology and psychotherapy. In order to evaluate their efficacy – and to explore the relationship between compassion, self-compassion and other psychological processes –, several self-reported instruments have been developed. The objective of this paper is to give a description of the instruments that are available for assessing compassion and self-compassion, with a special focus on those instruments which have been adapted/validated in Spanish. The article begins with a brief definition of compassion, and self-compassion, and thereafter provides a description of the available scales. These scales are reviewed in three different groups: 1) instruments specifically developed to assess compassion/self-compassion that have been adapted/validated in Spanish; 2) other instruments specifically developed to assess compassion/self-compassion (which have not been validated for Spanish speaking populations); and 3) scales that include compassion as one of its components. The science of compassion is an emerging field for which psychometrically robust instruments are needed. Counting on validated measures for Spanish-speaking populations is mandatory for facilitating its use in Spanish-speaking contexts.

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder of late onset. The presence of the disease is frequently accompanied by important psychological alterations, especially in more advanced stages of the disease. The present work aims to examine the levels of acceptance, psychological well-being, family satisfaction, and self-compassion in a sample of 40 carriers of the MJD mutation, of whom 11 were asymptomatic and 29 symptomatic, as well as how these constructs were interconnected. A protocol was used that followed a retrospective design, and included a semi-structured interview and various psychological assessment scales. In asymptomatic carriers, acceptance was associated with family satisfaction, psychological well-being, and self-compassion. In the case of symptomatic carriers, acceptance proved to be significantly associated with self-compassion and psychological well-being. The results indicate that the levels of acceptance, psychological well-being, family satisfaction, and self-compassion decrease with the onset of symptoms. Data supports the importance of developing psychotherapeutic plans aimed at increasing acceptance, not only upon the appearance of symptoms, but also as a preventive approach, through psychological interventions that integrate the practice of mindfulness and compassion, not only directed at the individuals but also their family and social network.

The aim of this study was to describe the experience and the profile of users of an outpatient clinic of Mindfulness and health promotion from a public University in Brazil. The profile of the participants was obtained from the application of different psychometric scales (BDI, SUBI, MAAS and EUROQOL 5 D), as well as socio‐demographic and health information. The description of the experience of the clinic was held from the SWOT technique. In this sample, the profile found was predominantly female, with health insurance and medical care. Despite the problems reported, the subjective perception of quality of life was above average. Belong to a public University, rely on multidisciplinary team and facilitators of different configurations in mindfulness, plus easily accessible location are strengths of this clinic, as well as the high prevalence of anxiety and depression, which can enhance the expansion of this activity.

In recent years, mindfulness-based interventions have undergone considerable development in the field of childhood and adolescent interventions. This development has not been accompanied by a solid and systematic development of self-report measures to assess dispositional mindfulness even though such evaluation is critical to determine the effectiveness of interventions. In this manuscript, several mindfulness measures for children and adolescents are reviewed with emphasis on those measures available in Spanish. The following self-report measures of dispositional mindfulness for children and/or adolescents are examined: Mindful Attention Awareness Scale-Adolescent (MAAS-A; Brown et al., 2011), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale-Children (MAAS-C; Lawlor et al., 2014), Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure (CAMM; Greco et al., 2011), Comprehensive Inventory of Mindfulness Experiences-Adolescent (CHIME-A; Johnson et al., 2016), Escala de Atención Plena en el Ámbito Escolar [Mindfulness in the School Context Scale] (EAP; León, 2008), and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ; Baer et al., 2006). A description of each measure is provided, as well as the most important properties of the Spanish versions. Finally, several recommendations are suggested to improve current measures of mindfulness for children and adolescents.