The present study sought to investigate physiological adaptations associated with an 8-week supervised climbing intervention in recreational climbers. Nine participants (5 males and 4 females; age: 37 ± 8 years; stature: 169.7 ± 10.6 cm; body mass 83.3 ± 20.3 kg) volunteered to complete the intervention concomitant with their recreational climbing activities. Blood pressure, body composition, peak aerobic capacity, total cholesterol, and handgrip strength were assessed before and after the intervention. Post-intervention, diastolic blood pressure was significantly reduced (pre: 87 ± 6 mmHg, post: 72 ± 10 mmHg, p<0.01), without significant changes in systolic blood pressure (pre: 136 ± 15 mmHg, post: 128 ± 20 mmHg, p=0.19). This resulted in a significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (pre: 103 ± 9 mmHg, post: 90 ± 13 mmHg, p<0.01). A significant reduction in total cholesterol was also observed following the 8-week climbing intervention (pre: 5.09 ± 0.49 mmol/L, post: 4.39 ± 0.63 mmol/L, p<0.01). However, there were no significant changes in body fat percentage (p=0.67), skeletal muscle mass (p=0.76), isometric hand-grip strength (dominant hand: p=0.93, non-dominant hand: p=0.12) or peak aerobic capacity (p=0.37). Supervised indoor climbing exercise may therefore serve as an important non-pharmacological intervention to improve cardiovascular health by reducing mean arterial pressure and total cholesterol levels in recreational climbers, independent of changes in body composition or peak aerobic capacity.
{"title":"Eight Weeks of Supervised Indoor Climbing Significantly Reduces Arterial Pressure and Total Cholesterol in Recreational Climbers","authors":"J. Black, Natasha Chenery, G. Devereux","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-5-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-5-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"The present study sought to investigate physiological adaptations associated with an 8-week supervised climbing intervention in recreational climbers. Nine participants (5 males and 4 females; age: 37 ± 8 years; stature: 169.7 ± 10.6 cm; body mass 83.3 ± 20.3 kg) volunteered to complete the intervention concomitant with their recreational climbing activities. Blood pressure, body composition, peak aerobic capacity, total cholesterol, and handgrip strength were assessed before and after the intervention. Post-intervention, diastolic blood pressure was significantly reduced (pre: 87 ± 6 mmHg, post: 72 ± 10 mmHg, p<0.01), without significant changes in systolic blood pressure (pre: 136 ± 15 mmHg, post: 128 ± 20 mmHg, p=0.19). This resulted in a significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (pre: 103 ± 9 mmHg, post: 90 ± 13 mmHg, p<0.01). A significant reduction in total cholesterol was also observed following the 8-week climbing intervention (pre: 5.09 ± 0.49 mmol/L, post: 4.39 ± 0.63 mmol/L, p<0.01). However, there were no significant changes in body fat percentage (p=0.67), skeletal muscle mass (p=0.76), isometric hand-grip strength (dominant hand: p=0.93, non-dominant hand: p=0.12) or peak aerobic capacity (p=0.37). Supervised indoor climbing exercise may therefore serve as an important non-pharmacological intervention to improve cardiovascular health by reducing mean arterial pressure and total cholesterol levels in recreational climbers, independent of changes in body composition or peak aerobic capacity.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46676181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Kekere, H. Onyeaka, Olubunmi Fatoki, Kudirat Olatunde, Somto Enemuo, Chidi Asuzu, O. Kesiena
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, patterns, and sociodemographic predictors of wearable device use among individuals with self-reported diabetes mellitus. Methods: Data for our analysis was drawn from cycle 3 (2019) of the 5th edition of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5). Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the demographic characteristics, prevalence, and frequency of wearable device use among individuals with diabetes mellitus. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the sociodemographic predictors of wearable device use. Results: We identified 1149 individuals who self-reported diabetes mellitus. Of these, 51.2% were females, 59.3% were white, and 51.6% had less than a college education. The prevalence of wearable device use was 20%. Further, a sizable proportion (86.1%) of the wearable device users were willing to share information from their wearable devices with their healthcare provider, and almost half of them (43.4%) reported daily use of these devices in the past 1-month. Significant sociodemographic predictors of wearable device use include age, income, and level of education. Conclusion: Our results highlight the feasibility and acceptability of using wearable devices to deliver evidence-based health care to individuals with diabetes. Future interventions should consider the scalability of these tools and how to reach those subgroups of individuals with diabetes mellitus to whom current technologies may be unavailable.
{"title":"Use of Wearable Device among Adults in the US with Self-reported Diabetes Mellitus: An Analysis of the 2019 Health Information National Trends Survey","authors":"Victor Kekere, H. Onyeaka, Olubunmi Fatoki, Kudirat Olatunde, Somto Enemuo, Chidi Asuzu, O. Kesiena","doi":"10.12691/jpar-5-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-5-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, patterns, and sociodemographic predictors of wearable device use among individuals with self-reported diabetes mellitus. Methods: Data for our analysis was drawn from cycle 3 (2019) of the 5th edition of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 5). Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the demographic characteristics, prevalence, and frequency of wearable device use among individuals with diabetes mellitus. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the sociodemographic predictors of wearable device use. Results: We identified 1149 individuals who self-reported diabetes mellitus. Of these, 51.2% were females, 59.3% were white, and 51.6% had less than a college education. The prevalence of wearable device use was 20%. Further, a sizable proportion (86.1%) of the wearable device users were willing to share information from their wearable devices with their healthcare provider, and almost half of them (43.4%) reported daily use of these devices in the past 1-month. Significant sociodemographic predictors of wearable device use include age, income, and level of education. Conclusion: Our results highlight the feasibility and acceptability of using wearable devices to deliver evidence-based health care to individuals with diabetes. Future interventions should consider the scalability of these tools and how to reach those subgroups of individuals with diabetes mellitus to whom current technologies may be unavailable.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42330825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Children and youth with physical disabilities are at the greatest risk for inactivity, emphasizing the need for evidence-based activity options in recreation, rehabilitation, and post-rehabilitation settings. To determine if a wheelchair sport enabled youth participants to sustain moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), the primary purpose of this study was to document exercise intensity of wheelchair basketball (WBB) among youth. The secondary purpose was to examine the influence of age, disability type, and training condition on intensity. Thirty-four youth with physical disabilities (MAge = 15.73 ± 2.57 yrs; MPlaying Experience = 4.32 ± 2.77 yrs) participated in three wheelchair basketball training sessions that included tactical drills (M = 113 min), and scrimmage (M = 57 min) training conditions. Percentage of maximum heart rate (HRMax), mean accelerometer vector counts per minute, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed across 3 practices and collapsed into one training intensity score for each variable. Mean HRMax was 66±8% and mean accelerator vector counts were 6,055±1439 per minute, indicating that participants sustained MVPA during WBB training. Perceived effort, however, was distinct from the actual physical demand as mean RPE was 3.1±1.5. Age did not influence intensity scores but players who had a congenital or acquired spinal cord injury and were participating in scrimmage activity demonstrated higher exercise intensity. These findings support the ability of youth WBB players to sustain MVPA. This activity can be recommended as an evidence-based initiative in sport, rehabilitation or post-rehabilitation settings.
{"title":"Wheelchair Basketball Exercise Intensity in Youth","authors":"D. Shapiro, J. Barfield","doi":"10.12691/jpar-5-1-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-5-1-10","url":null,"abstract":"Children and youth with physical disabilities are at the greatest risk for inactivity, emphasizing the need for evidence-based activity options in recreation, rehabilitation, and post-rehabilitation settings. To determine if a wheelchair sport enabled youth participants to sustain moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), the primary purpose of this study was to document exercise intensity of wheelchair basketball (WBB) among youth. The secondary purpose was to examine the influence of age, disability type, and training condition on intensity. Thirty-four youth with physical disabilities (MAge = 15.73 ± 2.57 yrs; MPlaying Experience = 4.32 ± 2.77 yrs) participated in three wheelchair basketball training sessions that included tactical drills (M = 113 min), and scrimmage (M = 57 min) training conditions. Percentage of maximum heart rate (HRMax), mean accelerometer vector counts per minute, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed across 3 practices and collapsed into one training intensity score for each variable. Mean HRMax was 66±8% and mean accelerator vector counts were 6,055±1439 per minute, indicating that participants sustained MVPA during WBB training. Perceived effort, however, was distinct from the actual physical demand as mean RPE was 3.1±1.5. Age did not influence intensity scores but players who had a congenital or acquired spinal cord injury and were participating in scrimmage activity demonstrated higher exercise intensity. These findings support the ability of youth WBB players to sustain MVPA. This activity can be recommended as an evidence-based initiative in sport, rehabilitation or post-rehabilitation settings.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46301067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exercise is Medicine® on Campus (EIM-OC) is a global health initiative lead by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) to integrate physical activity (PA) into university campus culture and establish PA as a vital sign. There is limited research on the EIM-OC, especially studies which include university employees. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an EIM-OC sponsored employee circuit training class at increasing PA and reducing perceived stress in participants. Out of 20 class participants, 12 females volunteered to take part in the study. Data was collected with an online questionnaire that included the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ) and Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale. Paired-samples t-tests were performed for LTEQ score, PA days, and perceived stress score. Physical activity score significantly increased (p=.05) from pre-to post-training. Moderate days of PA significantly increased from pre-to post-training, but strenuous and light days of PA were not statistically significant. Perceived stress scores improved significantly (p<.001) from pre-to post-training. These results demonstrate that EIM-OC employee exercises classes can be an effective program offering to increase PA and improve perceived stress among university employees.
Exercise is Medicine®on Campus（EIM-OC）是由美国运动医学院（ACSM）领导的一项全球健康倡议，旨在将体育活动（PA）融入大学校园文化，并将PA作为一种重要标志。对EIM-OC的研究有限，尤其是包括大学员工在内的研究。因此，本研究的目的是评估EIM-OC赞助的员工巡回培训班在增加PA和减少参与者感知压力方面的有效性。在20名课堂参与者中，有12名女性自愿参加了这项研究。数据是通过在线问卷收集的，其中包括Godin休闲时间锻炼问卷（LTEQ）和Cohen感知压力量表。对LTEQ评分、PA天数和感知压力评分进行配对样本t检验。从训练前到训练后，体育活动得分显著增加（p=.05）。从训练前到训练后，中度PA天数显著增加，但剧烈和轻度PA天数无统计学意义。从训练前到训练后，感知压力得分显著提高（p<.001）。这些结果表明，EIM-OC员工锻炼班是一项有效的计划，可以增加PA并改善大学员工的压力感知。
{"title":"Exercise is Medicine® on Campus: Effectiveness of an Employee Circuit Training Class","authors":"L. Leininger, J. Morrissey, M. DeBeliso, K. Adams","doi":"10.12691/jpar-5-1-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-5-1-9","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise is Medicine® on Campus (EIM-OC) is a global health initiative lead by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) to integrate physical activity (PA) into university campus culture and establish PA as a vital sign. There is limited research on the EIM-OC, especially studies which include university employees. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an EIM-OC sponsored employee circuit training class at increasing PA and reducing perceived stress in participants. Out of 20 class participants, 12 females volunteered to take part in the study. Data was collected with an online questionnaire that included the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ) and Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale. Paired-samples t-tests were performed for LTEQ score, PA days, and perceived stress score. Physical activity score significantly increased (p=.05) from pre-to post-training. Moderate days of PA significantly increased from pre-to post-training, but strenuous and light days of PA were not statistically significant. Perceived stress scores improved significantly (p<.001) from pre-to post-training. These results demonstrate that EIM-OC employee exercises classes can be an effective program offering to increase PA and improve perceived stress among university employees.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49246383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trista L. Olson, K. Dames, E. J. Page, Michele Mahr, Brent M. Peterson
Physical activity (PA) in the United States progressively continues to decline despite research highlighting the importance of an active lifestyle. Particularly, recommended levels of PA are associated with reduced risk for a large number of negative, yet preventable health conditions in apparently healthy populations. Unfortunately, individuals who report having one or more disabilities perform far less PA than their apparently healthy counterparts. While technological advancements such as wearable devices to monitor PA have become popular, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of wearable technology-based interventions on increasing PA levels and improving health outcomes in college students and individuals with disabilities. Thus, the purposes of this investigation were (1) to evaluate if providing a Fitbit PA tracking device to college students with disabilities would increase PA and improve health outcomes such as cardiovascular (CV) fitness and body composition, and (2) to investigate whether the addition of health education sessions would provide additional benefits. A total of 24 participants (27 ± 7 years) were given a Fitbit and had their PA monitored over twelve weeks. Group randomization was conducted where one group received only the Fitbit (FO) and a second group where participants also received health education sessions (E+F). Pre and post physiological assessments were also conducted. No significant group*time interactions were observed. Significant increases in mean treadmill duration and VO2peak occurred from pre to post. Mean daily steps in the E+F group were significantly higher than the FO group (8134 ± 441 vs. 7581 ± 577, respectively). Twelve weeks of Fitbit usage was effective in increasing CV fitness in individuals who identified as having one or more disabilities. Considering the lack of a significant improvement in health outcomes by the addition of educational programming the use of a Fitbit alone may be sufficient to improve CV fitness in this population.
{"title":"Impact of Wearable Technology on Physical Activity, Fitness, and Health Outcomes in College Students with Disabilities","authors":"Trista L. Olson, K. Dames, E. J. Page, Michele Mahr, Brent M. Peterson","doi":"10.12691/jpar-4-2-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-4-2-10","url":null,"abstract":"Physical activity (PA) in the United States progressively continues to decline despite research highlighting the importance of an active lifestyle. Particularly, recommended levels of PA are associated with reduced risk for a large number of negative, yet preventable health conditions in apparently healthy populations. Unfortunately, individuals who report having one or more disabilities perform far less PA than their apparently healthy counterparts. While technological advancements such as wearable devices to monitor PA have become popular, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of wearable technology-based interventions on increasing PA levels and improving health outcomes in college students and individuals with disabilities. Thus, the purposes of this investigation were (1) to evaluate if providing a Fitbit PA tracking device to college students with disabilities would increase PA and improve health outcomes such as cardiovascular (CV) fitness and body composition, and (2) to investigate whether the addition of health education sessions would provide additional benefits. A total of 24 participants (27 ± 7 years) were given a Fitbit and had their PA monitored over twelve weeks. Group randomization was conducted where one group received only the Fitbit (FO) and a second group where participants also received health education sessions (E+F). Pre and post physiological assessments were also conducted. No significant group*time interactions were observed. Significant increases in mean treadmill duration and VO2peak occurred from pre to post. Mean daily steps in the E+F group were significantly higher than the FO group (8134 ± 441 vs. 7581 ± 577, respectively). Twelve weeks of Fitbit usage was effective in increasing CV fitness in individuals who identified as having one or more disabilities. Considering the lack of a significant improvement in health outcomes by the addition of educational programming the use of a Fitbit alone may be sufficient to improve CV fitness in this population.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42156222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
George K. Beckham, Sienna Lish, Lisa Keebler, Casey Longaker, C. Disney, M. DeBeliso, K. Adams
Measuring distance thrown during the Seated Medicine Ball Throw (SMBT) has been used frequently within the literature to quantify upper body explosiveness, due to the test being easy to learn, low-risk, and requiring minimal equipment. The reliability of distance thrown in the SMBT has not been broadly reported, nor have familiarization protocols been thoroughly documented. The purpose of this study is to assess the reliability of distance thrown during the SMBT as a representative measurement for upper body explosiveness in active, recreationally trained adults. Before testing, 20 subjects completed a dynamic warm-up. After learning proper technique, subjects were familiarized with the exercise by completing continuous trials using a 10 lb medicine ball, with 1 minute of rest between trials, until three consecutive throws within 0.25 m were achieved. Subjects rested 20 minutes, repeated the warm-up, and then completed 6 trials of the SMBT where distance of each throw was measured. Any trial in which technique deviated significantly from the instructions was repeated. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess reliability between trials. Distances thrown for trials 1-6 were as follows: 3.43±0.99 m, 3.41±0.95 m, 3.48±1.00 m, 3.48±1.00 m, 3.46±1.03 m, and 3.54±1.05 m respectively. ICCs for consecutive trial pairs ranged from 0.97-0.99. These findings suggest that distance thrown is a reliable representative measure of upper body explosiveness in recreationally trained adults. The familiarization protocol used was sufficient for producing consistent performance.
{"title":"The Reliability of the Seated Medicine Ball Throw for Distance","authors":"George K. Beckham, Sienna Lish, Lisa Keebler, Casey Longaker, C. Disney, M. DeBeliso, K. Adams","doi":"10.12691/jpar-4-2-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-4-2-9","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring distance thrown during the Seated Medicine Ball Throw (SMBT) has been used frequently within the literature to quantify upper body explosiveness, due to the test being easy to learn, low-risk, and requiring minimal equipment. The reliability of distance thrown in the SMBT has not been broadly reported, nor have familiarization protocols been thoroughly documented. The purpose of this study is to assess the reliability of distance thrown during the SMBT as a representative measurement for upper body explosiveness in active, recreationally trained adults. Before testing, 20 subjects completed a dynamic warm-up. After learning proper technique, subjects were familiarized with the exercise by completing continuous trials using a 10 lb medicine ball, with 1 minute of rest between trials, until three consecutive throws within 0.25 m were achieved. Subjects rested 20 minutes, repeated the warm-up, and then completed 6 trials of the SMBT where distance of each throw was measured. Any trial in which technique deviated significantly from the instructions was repeated. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess reliability between trials. Distances thrown for trials 1-6 were as follows: 3.43±0.99 m, 3.41±0.95 m, 3.48±1.00 m, 3.48±1.00 m, 3.46±1.03 m, and 3.54±1.05 m respectively. ICCs for consecutive trial pairs ranged from 0.97-0.99. These findings suggest that distance thrown is a reliable representative measure of upper body explosiveness in recreationally trained adults. The familiarization protocol used was sufficient for producing consistent performance.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41739750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients and can be the ground for both communicable and Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Nutrition is essential and Energy Expenditure (EE) assessment in an individual’s daily routine is the key to it as both under nutrition and over nutrition are detrimental. Currently, an individual is categorised as having sedentary behaviour or light/ moderate/ vigorous intensity activities based on the Metabolic Equivalents (METs) and duration of activity. MET values for the same are given for the activity as such but using this to classify an individual sedentary or moderate or a vigorous worker is not appropriate especially when duration of activity is less than 10 minutes. As there is no single effective tool available to calculate Total Energy Expenditure (TEE), we developed a simple android application based 24 hour Activity Recall Method abbreviated as “24 ARM” to calculate TEE along with its 3 components (Resting Energy Expenditure (REE), Activity Energy Expenditure (AEE) and Diet Induced Thermogenesis (DIT)) and results can be shared with other persons also.
{"title":"24 Hour Total Energy Expenditure Calculation Using Android Application: “24 ARM-Activity Recall Method”","authors":"M. Mohankumar, V. Pathak","doi":"10.12691/jpar-4-2-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/jpar-4-2-8","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients and can be the ground for both communicable and Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Nutrition is essential and Energy Expenditure (EE) assessment in an individual’s daily routine is the key to it as both under nutrition and over nutrition are detrimental. Currently, an individual is categorised as having sedentary behaviour or light/ moderate/ vigorous intensity activities based on the Metabolic Equivalents (METs) and duration of activity. MET values for the same are given for the activity as such but using this to classify an individual sedentary or moderate or a vigorous worker is not appropriate especially when duration of activity is less than 10 minutes. As there is no single effective tool available to calculate Total Energy Expenditure (TEE), we developed a simple android application based 24 hour Activity Recall Method abbreviated as “24 ARM” to calculate TEE along with its 3 components (Resting Energy Expenditure (REE), Activity Energy Expenditure (AEE) and Diet Induced Thermogenesis (DIT)) and results can be shared with other persons also.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48892464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite decades of research on the benefits of physical activity (PA) and exercise, many Americans and Canadians still do not engage in the recommended levels of PA. Only 15% of Canadian adults obtain the recommended 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per week according to the Canadian Health Measures Survey. The purpose of this study was to examine adults’ physical barriers to PA and exercise to ultimately improve PA participation. In phase I, facilitated focus group discussions were conducted with 234 adults from 13 diverse groups in Guelph, Ontario, Canada regarding their physical barriers to PA and exercise. Among the physical barrier questions asked were: i) is winter weather a hindrance to engaging in PA?; ii) are you less likely to feel motivated to partake in PA in cold weather? Using the transcriptions from phase I, a survey was designed and administered to participants of the same community groups in phase II of the study to quantify feedback. Questionnaire responses were provided by 277 adults. Winter weather was the only significant physical barrier from the all respondents group, particularly among females. Recommendations for overcoming the barriers that contribute to low participation in PA in cold weather are discussed. To help incorporate a culture and environment of being active during the winter months, promotional and marketing strategies are identified through the introduction of MyWinter and MyWinterHoliday Activity graphics. Incorporating realistic, doable and even enjoyable daily indoor and outdoor PA strategies during winter are advocated.
{"title":"Achieving the Physical Activity Guidelines during the Wintertime While Engaging in MyWinter and MyWinterHoliday Activity","authors":"M. Cavallini, D. Dyck","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-4-2-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-4-2-7","url":null,"abstract":"Despite decades of research on the benefits of physical activity (PA) and exercise, many Americans and Canadians still do not engage in the recommended levels of PA. Only 15% of Canadian adults obtain the recommended 150 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per week according to the Canadian Health Measures Survey. The purpose of this study was to examine adults’ physical barriers to PA and exercise to ultimately improve PA participation. In phase I, facilitated focus group discussions were conducted with 234 adults from 13 diverse groups in Guelph, Ontario, Canada regarding their physical barriers to PA and exercise. Among the physical barrier questions asked were: i) is winter weather a hindrance to engaging in PA?; ii) are you less likely to feel motivated to partake in PA in cold weather? Using the transcriptions from phase I, a survey was designed and administered to participants of the same community groups in phase II of the study to quantify feedback. Questionnaire responses were provided by 277 adults. Winter weather was the only significant physical barrier from the all respondents group, particularly among females. Recommendations for overcoming the barriers that contribute to low participation in PA in cold weather are discussed. To help incorporate a culture and environment of being active during the winter months, promotional and marketing strategies are identified through the introduction of MyWinter and MyWinterHoliday Activity graphics. Incorporating realistic, doable and even enjoyable daily indoor and outdoor PA strategies during winter are advocated.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43745405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven L. Prewitt, C. Rosselli, Anthony C. Rosselli
Recess is an important part of the school day for elementary children. It provides a natural opportunity for children to engage in physical activity, it also allows for young children to develop social skills. There is little research examining physical activity and social interactions among rural elementary children. The purpose of this study was to investigate levels of physical activity, activity type, group size, and social interactions of 3rd and 4th grade students attending a rural elementary school. Students (N=67) were observed during morning recess (25 minutes) using the System for Observing Children’s Activity and Relationships during Play (SOCARP). The data were analyzed using multiple independent samples t-tests with Bonferonni adjustments. Initial results showed no significant differences between grade and gender groups in each observation category. Upon further investigation, differences were observed. The results of this study were contradictory and mixed when compared to other studies indicating that other factors such as supervision, equipment, culture and playground markings that may play a significant role in activity levels in children during recess. This study has added to the literature regarding elementary children’s physical activity, activity type, group size, and social interactions during recess time. It also adds to the limited literature involving the use of the SOCARP instrument.
{"title":"Physical Activity and Social Interactions of Rural Elementary Children during Recess","authors":"Steven L. Prewitt, C. Rosselli, Anthony C. Rosselli","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-4-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-4-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"Recess is an important part of the school day for elementary children. It provides a natural opportunity for children to engage in physical activity, it also allows for young children to develop social skills. There is little research examining physical activity and social interactions among rural elementary children. The purpose of this study was to investigate levels of physical activity, activity type, group size, and social interactions of 3rd and 4th grade students attending a rural elementary school. Students (N=67) were observed during morning recess (25 minutes) using the System for Observing Children’s Activity and Relationships during Play (SOCARP). The data were analyzed using multiple independent samples t-tests with Bonferonni adjustments. Initial results showed no significant differences between grade and gender groups in each observation category. Upon further investigation, differences were observed. The results of this study were contradictory and mixed when compared to other studies indicating that other factors such as supervision, equipment, culture and playground markings that may play a significant role in activity levels in children during recess. This study has added to the literature regarding elementary children’s physical activity, activity type, group size, and social interactions during recess time. It also adds to the limited literature involving the use of the SOCARP instrument.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47648791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The historical decline in adults’ physical activity (PA) has been attributed to the growth in both sedentary occupations and car-dependent transportation. Missing from the conversation has been any examination of what role shifts in housework time/composition may have played. Historical time-use data for married women in the United States from 1936 to 2017 are used to assess trends in women’s moderate physical activity (PA) housework as measured by the typical metabolic equivalents (METs) for various core housework tasks. Analyses reveal that for much of the 20th century, the typical married woman likely met the Centers for Disease Control's PA recommendations through daily housework. However, time spent in moderate PA housework has declined at a faster pace than total housework time for the past 30 years. The downward trend appears to be driven primarily by changes other than household socio-demographics. Shifts in housework, both in terms of the composition and the overall time spent doing housework, have likely played an important role in the historical decline of adult women’s physical activity and rising obesity risk.
{"title":"The Role of Housework in Married Women’s Physical Activity: 1936 to 2017","authors":"C. Zick","doi":"10.12691/JPAR-4-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JPAR-4-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"The historical decline in adults’ physical activity (PA) has been attributed to the growth in both sedentary occupations and car-dependent transportation. Missing from the conversation has been any examination of what role shifts in housework time/composition may have played. Historical time-use data for married women in the United States from 1936 to 2017 are used to assess trends in women’s moderate physical activity (PA) housework as measured by the typical metabolic equivalents (METs) for various core housework tasks. Analyses reveal that for much of the 20th century, the typical married woman likely met the Centers for Disease Control's PA recommendations through daily housework. However, time spent in moderate PA housework has declined at a faster pace than total housework time for the past 30 years. The downward trend appears to be driven primarily by changes other than household socio-demographics. Shifts in housework, both in terms of the composition and the overall time spent doing housework, have likely played an important role in the historical decline of adult women’s physical activity and rising obesity risk.","PeriodicalId":92549,"journal":{"name":"Journal of physical activity research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43462173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：