Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Alterations in fatty acid composition due to cold exposure at the vegetative stage in rice.","authors":"Renata Pereira da Cruz, J. I. Golombieski, Maiara Taís Bazana, Caroline Cabreira, T. F. Silveira, L. P. Silva","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000300007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000300007","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is a tropical plant, so cold temperature may be detrimental to its development, depending on the genotype and environmental conditions. Degree of lipid unsaturation has been related to cold tolerance due to its effect on membrane stability. So, the aim of this study was to characterize the fatty acid composition and its alterations due to cold temperature in rice genotypes of diversified origin. Forty-four rice genotypes at the V4 stage were submitted to two temperature conditions: 10°C and 28°C for two days and after this they had their leaves collected for lipid extraction and quantification. Control plants were allowed to regrow until presenting four leaves fully expanded and then were subjected to 10°C for ten days for cold tolerance evaluation. Plant survival was measured seven days after recovery at 28°C and the genotypes were grouped in three cold tolerance classes: tolerant, intermediate and sensitive. These classes differed for total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids only under the cold temperature treatment. Further analysis of the more abundant fatty acids: linoleic, linolenic and palmitic, showed that the two last ones differed between tolerant and sensitive genotypes. Linolenic acid increased after cold exposure in cold tolerant genotypes while palmitic acid decreased, and an opposite behavior was found in the cold sensitive genotypes. These evidences indicate that these fatty acids are potential molecular markers useful for breeding programs as well as for future basic studies on cold tolerance in rice.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90612986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic protein profile analysis during seed development of Ocotea catharinensis: a recalcitrant seed species","authors":"L. L. C. Dias, T. S. Balbuena, V. Silveira, C. Santa‑Catarina, A. Schevchenko, E. Floh","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000100003","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present work was to characterize changes in the protein profile throughout seed development in O. catharinensis, a recalcitrant species, by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein extraction was undertaken by using a thiourea/urea buffer, followed by a precipitation step with 10% TCA. Comparative analysis during seed development showed that a large number of proteins were exclusively detected in each developmental stage. The cotyledonary stage, which represents the transition phase between embryogenesis and the beginning of metabolism related to maturation, presents the highest number of stage-specific spots. Protein identification, through MS/MS analysis, resulted in the identification of proteins mainly related to oxidative metabolism and storage synthesis. These findings contribute to a better understanding of protein metabolism during seed development in recalcitrant seeds, besides providing information on established markers that could be useful in defining and improving somatic embryogenesis protocols, besides monitoring the development of somatic embryos in this species.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77664651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on antioxidative enzyme activities and on the contents of ROS and H2O2 in Ricinus communis leaves","authors":"A. Soares, T. Souza, T. Jacinto, O. Machado","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000300001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000300001","url":null,"abstract":"Jasmonates are a class of plant hormones that mediate various aspects in gene and metabolic regulation, defense, stress responses, reproduction and, possibly, communication. Oxidative stress stimulates synthesis of antioxidant metabolites and enhances antioxidant enzyme activities that could protect plant tissues. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of methyl jasmonate (JAME) treatment on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and on the activities of H2O2 scavenging enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX EC; 1.11.1.1), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX; EC 1.11.1.7) in Ricinus communis leaves. The activity of CAT and GPX was transient while SOD activity decreased and APX increased after treatment with JAME. In addition, JAME exposure induced ROS accumulation.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87494431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction and determination of ascorbate and dehydroascorbate from apoplastic fluid of stem of rooted and non-rooted cuttings in relation to the rhizogenesis","authors":"K. C. Zuffellato-Ribas, S. Morini, P. Picciarelli, F. Mignolli","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000200006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000200006","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from semihardwood branches of peach and plum rootstocks (Prunus cerasifera E.) cv. MRS2/5, plum rootstocks (Prunus cerasifera × P. salicina) × (P. cerasifera × P. persica) cv. Ishtara and olive tree (Olea europaea L.) cv. Frantoio, cuttings were collected and treated with 0 mg.L-1 and 2500 mg.L-1 of indolebutyric acid (IBA) by immersion in the base of the cuttings. After 60 days of planting, the cultivars MRS 2/5, Ishtara and Frantoio presented a significative difference with relation to the rooting induction by application of the indolebutyric acid (27.5, 47.5 and 41.25 %, respectively), inducing a higher number of roots per cutting without at the same time significantly increasing the length of the roots themselves. The levels of ascorbate and dehydroascorbate in the rooted and non-rooted cuttings of the three cultivars were determined. These parameters varied in function of the consistency of the cuttings from each species, but showed a positive correlation between the increase of the rooting and the increase of the ascorbate in the reduced form.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76041526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed germination responses of the medicinal herb Centella asiatica","authors":"A. Devkota, P. K. Jha","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000200008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000200008","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of several environmental factors on germination of medicinal herb Centella asiatica was investigated. Freshly harvested seeds of C. asiatica did not germinate even after gibberellic acid (GA3) treatment and exposure to different treatments with light qualities, while two-three months old seeds exhibited germination (82%) without pre-treatment at warm environment (25 -30oC). GA3 treatment induced germination by two weeks earlier than in control. Germination was significantly (p=0.001) higher in red and white light than in blue and far red light. In addition, germination of C. asiatica was sensitive towards the salt stress and was significantly inhibited at 6500 ppm NaCl. The leaf leachates from invasive weeds Chromolaena odorata, Ageratum conyzoides, Parthenium hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium showed inhibitory effects on seed germination of C. asiatica. Parthenium hysterophorus had significant effect (p<0.001) on seed germination. These data contribute for the establishing of an efficient protocol for C. asiatica cultivation.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81003823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification and structural stability of a trypsin inhibitor from Amazon Inga cylindrica [Vell.] Mart. seeds","authors":"L. A. Calderon, Humberto A. Filho, R. C. Teles, F. Medrano, C. Bloch, M. Santoro, S. Freitas","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000200001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000200001","url":null,"abstract":"Inga cylindrica Trypsin Inhibitor (ICTI) was purified as a single polypeptide chain by one step anion-exchange chromatography from a crude extract of Inga cylindrica (Vell.) Mart. seeds. ICTI is a 19.5 kDa protein presenting a remarkable inhibitory activity against bovine trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) (Ki = 4.3 nM). Circular dichroism analysis revealed that this inhibitor is a β type protein (40.4% of β-strand; 24.6% of β-turn and 6.7% of α-helix) in accordance with properties displayed in Kunitz type inhibitors. ICTI is a thermal stable protein within a wide range of pH (1.6 to 10.0) exhibiting highest stability at pH 7.0 as indicated by Tm of 70.0 oC and ΔG25 of 48.5 ± 0.7 kJ.mol-1. The values of ΔG25 at pH 1.6 (22.5 ± 1.2 kJ.mol-1) and pH 10.0 (31.5 ± 1.0 kJ.mol-1) indicate a reduced structural stability of the protein under these conditions. This is likely to result from pKa differences of the acid and basic side chains reflecting the changes in the non-covalent interactions in the folded state.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82418259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosynthetic performance and anatomical adaptations in Byrsonima sericea DC. under contrasting light conditions in a remnant of the Atlantic forest.","authors":"Anandra de Souza da Silva, J. G. Oliveira, M. Cunha, A. P. Vitória","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000400004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000400004","url":null,"abstract":"A dinâmica fotossintetica da especie pioneira tropical Byrsonima sericea DC. foi estudada durante o processo de regeneracao de uma mata nativa por avaliacoes ecofisiologicas (trocas gasosas, fluorescencia da clorofila a e conteudo de pigmentos fotossinteticos) e parâmetros anatomicos das plantas em ambientes ensolarados e sombreados. As avaliacoes ecofisiologicas foram feitas mensalmente por um ano e os dados foram agrupados em estacao seca e chuvosa. Byrsonima sericea DC. apresentou plasticidade anatomica que a capacita a se estabelecer em ambientes com contrastantes condicoes luminosas. Nas condicoes ensolaradas, ela produz lâmina foliar mais espessa (cerca de 420 µm) e epiderme adaxial plana, enquanto em ambientes sombreados, as folhas apresentaram a epiderme convexa e lâmina mais delgada (cerca de 393 µm). Nao foram encontradas diferencas significativas na composicao de pigmentos em funcao do ambiente, no entanto, durante a estacao seca, as plantas apresentaram concentracoes significativamente maiores de pigmentos fotossinteticos. As plantas de ambientes ensolarados mostraram diminuicao na razao Fv/ FO (na estacao chuvosa) e NPQ (na estacao seca), mas nao foram observadas diferencas entre as plantas de sol ou sombra numa mesma estacao do ano. Taxas fotossinteticas significativamente maiores foram encontradas na estacao chuvosa para as plantas de sol quando comparadas com as plantas de sombra (9.9±0.8 e 7.4±0.3 µmol m-2s-1, respectivamente). Aumento significativo na transpiracao foi observado em plantas de sombra durante a estacao seca, mas sem afetar a eficiencia no uso da agua. Dados ecofisiologicos sugerem que, principalmente as plantas mais expostas ao sol sofreram limitacoes hidricas durante a estacao seca e que, na estacao chuvosa, estas plantas aumentaram sua taxa fotossintetica. Isso possivelmente foi devido a maior forca de dreno resultante do maior crescimento neste periodo. Os dados sugerem que alteracoes anatomicas, especialmente a epiderme adaxial convexa, estariam auxiliando na captacao de luz nas plantas sombreadas durante ambas as estacoes, prevenindo alteracoes nos pigmentos, como o aumento de clorofila b geralmente observado em plantas de sombra, mas nao detectado no presente estudo. Outra consequencia da maior quantidade de luz capturada por estas plantas de sombra foi que, durante a estacao seca sua taxa fotossintetica nao diferiu da das planas de ambientes ensolarados. No entanto, quando a agua nao foi um fator limitante, um melhor desempenho fotossintetico foi observado nesta especie pioneira, em ambientes abertos.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84178160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth evaluation and water relations of Erythrina velutina seedlings in response to drought stress","authors":"Elizamar Ciríaco da Silva, Marcos Fellipe da Silva, Rejane M. Nogueira, M. B. Albuquerque","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202010000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202010000400002","url":null,"abstract":"Erythrina velutina Willd. (common name: mulungu) is a deciduous, heliophyte found in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. To evaluate the growth and water relations of mulungu seedlings in soils with different degrees of moisture content, an experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions using four water treatments (100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of the field capacity- FC). Predawn (Ψpdw) and midday leaf water potential (Ψmdw), relative water content (RWC), plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), dry matter in different organs, biomass partitioning and root:shoot ratio were evaluated. No differences were detected between treatments for Ψpdw after 30 days; however, at midday, control plants and those under 75% FC underwent a greater reduction in Ψmdw than plants cultivated with 50% and 25% FC. After 90 days, only the plants under 50% FC exhibited a reduction in Ψmdw. RWC was reduced at midday, but there were no differences between treatments. Nearly all growth parameters were reduced due to water deficit, especially in the plants with 25% FC, as determined by the number of leaves, stem diameter, plant height, LA, SLA and dry mass in several organs. LAR and root:shoot ratio were not affected. Mulungu seedlings seem to have developed rusticity to overcome intermittent droughts with no change in the pattern of dry matter distribution. The maintenance of turgor pressure seems to be more associated to a reduction in the growth ratio than a reduction in leaf water potential.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79954422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in growth variables and potassium content in leaves of Black Barley in response to NaCl","authors":"M. Abu-al-basal, B. T. Yasseen","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202009000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202009000400002","url":null,"abstract":"Much attention is being focused on the Black barley (Hordeum distichum L.) as a local cultivar offering good model for a cereal crop has traits of resistance to drought and salinity during vegetative growth stages. Although Black was sensitive to salt stress during germination, it developed gradual tolerance with age and proved very tolerant during growth and development stages. The data of study clearly revealed how this cultivar was superior over Arivat (Hordeum vulgare L.) in many physiological aspects such as leaf growth variables (i.e. rate and duration) and processes (i.e. cell division), tiller production and potassium content. Black barley had more tillers, faster rate and longer duration of growth processes which was accompanied with potassium accumulation, as sodium chloride concentration increased in the growth medium. Thus, the ability of Black cultivar to accumulate K+ could have promoted growth variables (i.e. faster rate and longer duration of growth processes). Arivat, on the other hand, might have suffered from K+ deficiency; which could explain the adverse effect of salt stress on leaf growth variables and processes. Moreover, the relative water content (RWC) and proline can clearly distinguish the two cultivars; RWC was higher and proline concentration was lower in leaves of Black as compared with Arivat. Therefore, Black barley proved efficient in maintaining growth, ion homeostasis, and might sacrifice less in growth under osmotic stress conditions. The possible mechanism of the effect of sodium chloride on potassium accumulation in Black barley is discussed.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82981192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shoot-foliage relationships in deciduous, semideciduous, and evergreen cerrado tree species","authors":"J. P. Souza, C. Prado, A. Albino, M. A. Damascos","doi":"10.1590/S1677-04202009000100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-04202009000100009","url":null,"abstract":"The morphology and the biomass allocation in shoots and leaves were investigated in 15 cerrado tree species with distinct leaf phenology growing under natural conditions. Higher values of leaf/shoot ratio on mass base, individual leaf area, leaf area per shoot, leaf display index, and leaf number per shoot length were found in deciduous than in evergreen species. The differences about shoot-foliage relationship across leaf phenological groups could be explained by plagiotropic shoots on deciduous and by erect shoots in semideciduous and evergreen species. Plagiotropic shoots allow similar irradiance along shoots and high biomass allocation in favor of leaves without foliage self-shading in deciduous tree species. The structural differentiation between short and long shoots was indicated by an exponential relationship between leaf display index and shoot length in all deciduous, in three semideciduous, and in two evergreen species. Therefore, especially in deciduous, the short shoots had higher leaf area per unit of length than the long shoots. The differentiation between short and long shoots depends on the shoot length in deciduous because of the leaf number on shoot is predetermined in buds. Contrastingly, the leaf neo-formation in semideciduous and in evergreen tree species keeps the shoot-leaf relationship per shoot length more constant, because of the foliage being produced according to the shoot growth during the year. In conclusion, the foliage persistence, the shoot inclination, the type of leaf production and the resources allocation between autotrophic and heterotrophic vegetative canopy parts are interdependent in cerrado tree species across different leaf phenological groups.","PeriodicalId":9278,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83904981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}