Prior studies have failed to identify the dynamics between the momentary manifestation of personality traits (namely personality states) and cognitive-affective mechanisms in relation to physical activity. The current study modelized the temporal associations between daily personality states, affect (valence) and pursuit of personal goals before and during a physical exercise intervention. Single cases using an A (10 days) -B (42 days) design paired with ecological momentary assessments was used in 10 inactive adults. Idiographic network analyses and generalized additive models were performed. The magnitude of the association between personality states, affect and pursuit of personal goals were modified during the intervention. Their respective weight of the variables in the networks during the exercise intervention followed an individual pattern. The intervention was associated with a systematic change in levels of pursuit of personal goals, with seven participants showing a non-linear association. The complexity of individual networks before and during the intervention stresses the importance of an idiographic level of analysis, especially in the context of an exercise intervention. Highlights:Idiographic levels of association between personality states, affect and pursuit of personal goals can be modified during a physical exercise intervention.The respective weight of personality states, affect and pursuit of personal goals in the idiographic networks during the exercise intervention follows an individual pattern.The physical activity intervention is associated with a systematic non-linear change in the level of goal facilitation and goal conflict.
{"title":"Dynamic Patterns of Personality States, Affect and Goal Pursuit Before and During an Exercise Intervention: A Series of N-of-1 Trials Combined with Ecological Momentary Assessments","authors":"Celia Kingsbury, Paquito Bernard","doi":"10.5334/hpb.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/hpb.43","url":null,"abstract":"Prior studies have failed to identify the dynamics between the momentary manifestation of personality traits (namely personality states) and cognitive-affective mechanisms in relation to physical activity. The current study modelized the temporal associations between daily personality states, affect (valence) and pursuit of personal goals before and during a physical exercise intervention. Single cases using an A (10 days) -B (42 days) design paired with ecological momentary assessments was used in 10 inactive adults. Idiographic network analyses and generalized additive models were performed. The magnitude of the association between personality states, affect and pursuit of personal goals were modified during the intervention. Their respective weight of the variables in the networks during the exercise intervention followed an individual pattern. The intervention was associated with a systematic change in levels of pursuit of personal goals, with seven participants showing a non-linear association. The complexity of individual networks before and during the intervention stresses the importance of an idiographic level of analysis, especially in the context of an exercise intervention. Highlights:Idiographic levels of association between personality states, affect and pursuit of personal goals can be modified during a physical exercise intervention.The respective weight of personality states, affect and pursuit of personal goals in the idiographic networks during the exercise intervention follows an individual pattern.The physical activity intervention is associated with a systematic non-linear change in the level of goal facilitation and goal conflict.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135812368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Severijns, H. de Vries, Gita Tan-Sindhunata, K. Stuurman, Cecile P E Ottenheim, K. Lichtenbelt, S. V. van Kuijk, Sara Joosten, E. Houwink, R. Crutzen, N. Corsten-Janssen, E. Bijlsma, C. D. de Die-Smulders, L. van Osch
{"title":"The Effectiveness of an Online Decision Aid on Reproductive Options for Couples at Risk of Transmitting a Genetic Disease to their Offspring: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Y. Severijns, H. de Vries, Gita Tan-Sindhunata, K. Stuurman, Cecile P E Ottenheim, K. Lichtenbelt, S. V. van Kuijk, Sara Joosten, E. Houwink, R. Crutzen, N. Corsten-Janssen, E. Bijlsma, C. D. de Die-Smulders, L. van Osch","doi":"10.5334/hpb.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/hpb.39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71069736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andri Christodoulou, Pinelopi Konstantinou, Z. Antoniou, Zsófia Boda, Michalis Iasonides, M. Kyprianidou, L. McHugh, M. Michaelides, M. Karekla, A. Kassianos
{"title":"A Protocol of a Pilot Experimental Study Using Social Network Interventions to Examine the Social Contagion of Attitudes Towards Childhood Vaccination in Parental Social Networks","authors":"Andri Christodoulou, Pinelopi Konstantinou, Z. Antoniou, Zsófia Boda, Michalis Iasonides, M. Kyprianidou, L. McHugh, M. Michaelides, M. Karekla, A. Kassianos","doi":"10.5334/hpb.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/hpb.37","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47043469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Vogel, G. T. ten Hoor, Enrique L. P. Mergelsberg, B. Mullan
{"title":"Adaption and Evaluation of a Self-Efficacy Intervention for Parental Feeding Practices","authors":"H. Vogel, G. T. ten Hoor, Enrique L. P. Mergelsberg, B. Mullan","doi":"10.5334/hpb.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/hpb.38","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71069724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Despite the established association between personality traits and physical activity, prior studies have failed to identify the dynamics between the momentary manifestation of personality traits (states) and cognitive-affective mechanisms in relation to physical activity. Based on the Whole Trait theory, the current study modelized the temporal associations between daily personality states, affects and pursuit of personal goals before and during a physical exercise intervention. Method: This series of N-of-1 used an A (10-day)-B (42-day) design paired with ecological momentary assessments in 10 inactive adults. Personality states, affects and pursuit of personal goals (conflict, facilitation) were self-reported three times per day. Physical exercise intervention included two weekly supervised sessions. Idiographic network analyses and generalized addictive models were carried out. Results: Levels of association between personality states, affects and pursuit of personal goals were modified during intervention. Their respective weight in the networks during the exercise intervention followed an individual pattern. The intervention was associated with a systematic non-linear change in the level of goal facilitation and goal conflict. More individual temporal patterns were observed for personality states and affects levels. Conclusions: Findings partially supported the direction of associations between personality states and cognitive-affective constructs postulated in Whole Trait Theory. Our findings suggested that personality states, affects and personal goal pursuit are considered as interconnected and evolving system modifiable by an exercise intervention. They need to be replicated; however, they represent a first step in better understanding the cognitive-affective mechanisms underlying the manifestation of personality states in a behavior change context.
{"title":"Dynamic patterns of personality states, affects and goal pursuit before and during an exercise intervention: a series of N-of-1 trials combined with ecological momentary assessments","authors":"C. Kingsbury, P. Bernard","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/zm39x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zm39x","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Despite the established association between personality traits and physical activity, prior studies have failed to identify the dynamics between the momentary manifestation of personality traits (states) and cognitive-affective mechanisms in relation to physical activity. Based on the Whole Trait theory, the current study modelized the temporal associations between daily personality states, affects and pursuit of personal goals before and during a physical exercise intervention. Method: This series of N-of-1 used an A (10-day)-B (42-day) design paired with ecological momentary assessments in 10 inactive adults. Personality states, affects and pursuit of personal goals (conflict, facilitation) were self-reported three times per day. Physical exercise intervention included two weekly supervised sessions. Idiographic network analyses and generalized addictive models were carried out. Results: Levels of association between personality states, affects and pursuit of personal goals were modified during intervention. Their respective weight in the networks during the exercise intervention followed an individual pattern. The intervention was associated with a systematic non-linear change in the level of goal facilitation and goal conflict. More individual temporal patterns were observed for personality states and affects levels. Conclusions: Findings partially supported the direction of associations between personality states and cognitive-affective constructs postulated in Whole Trait Theory. Our findings suggested that personality states, affects and personal goal pursuit are considered as interconnected and evolving system modifiable by an exercise intervention. They need to be replicated; however, they represent a first step in better understanding the cognitive-affective mechanisms underlying the manifestation of personality states in a behavior change context.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49386919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gillian Fennell, A. P. W. Yip, M. Reid, Susan Enguídanos, E. Zelinski, C. Löckenhoff
A psychological consequence of chronic pain may be an inappropriately limited future time perspective (FTP) for middle-aged and older adults. FTP is defined as one’s perception of time as limited or expansive. Potentially meaningful measures, like pain temporal pattern, are often ignored in the chronic pain literature. The present study uses secondary data to assess the association between pain temporal pattern and FTP, and the moderating effect of pain duration. Among 140 individuals with chronic pain, there was no significant association between pain pattern and FTP. However, both pain-related activity interference and pain duration were associated with FTP where greater interference predicted more limited FTP (b = −0.16, p = .03) and longer pain duration contributed to more expansive FTP (b = 0.001, p = .03). The temporal pattern x pain duration interaction terms were non-significant. We discuss implications, limitations, and future directions of these findings.
慢性疼痛的心理后果可能是不适当地限制了中老年人的未来时间观(FTP)。FTP被定义为一个人对时间的感知是有限的还是膨胀的。潜在的有意义的措施，如疼痛的时间模式，往往被忽视的慢性疼痛文献。本研究使用二手数据来评估疼痛时间模式与FTP之间的关系，以及疼痛持续时间的调节作用。在140名慢性疼痛患者中，疼痛模式与FTP之间无显著相关性。然而，疼痛相关活动干扰和疼痛持续时间都与FTP相关，其中更大的干扰预示着更有限的FTP (b = - 0.16, p = .03)，更长的疼痛持续时间有助于更广泛的FTP (b = 0.001, p = .03)。时间模式与疼痛持续时间相互作用项无显著性。我们讨论了这些发现的意义、局限性和未来的发展方向。
{"title":"Is Chronic Pain Temporal Pattern Associated with Middle-Aged and Older Adults’ Perceptions of their Futures?","authors":"Gillian Fennell, A. P. W. Yip, M. Reid, Susan Enguídanos, E. Zelinski, C. Löckenhoff","doi":"10.5334/hpb.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/hpb.34","url":null,"abstract":"A psychological consequence of chronic pain may be an inappropriately limited future time perspective (FTP) for middle-aged and older adults. FTP is defined as one’s perception of time as limited or expansive. Potentially meaningful measures, like pain temporal pattern, are often ignored in the chronic pain literature. The present study uses secondary data to assess the association between pain temporal pattern and FTP, and the moderating effect of pain duration. Among 140 individuals with chronic pain, there was no significant association between pain pattern and FTP. However, both pain-related activity interference and pain duration were associated with FTP where greater interference predicted more limited FTP (b = −0.16, p = .03) and longer pain duration contributed to more expansive FTP (b = 0.001, p = .03). The temporal pattern x pain duration interaction terms were non-significant. We discuss implications, limitations, and future directions of these findings.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"5 1","pages":"136 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42575077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging adult college students (77 men, 82 women) in the U.S. evaluated consent and the acceptability of a sexual act in hypothetical scenarios which varied the response of the protagonist/victim, the length of the relationship and the gender of the protagonist. Judgments of the acceptability of sexual acts were strongly associated with judgments of consent. Judgments of consent and the acceptability, responsibility for and deserved-punishment for the sexual act differed depending on the victim’s responses and relationships lengths. Compared to women, men judged sex after the freezing response to be more acceptable, and the perpetrator to be less responsible and less punish-worthy. In addition, men were less likely than women to label responses where the victim froze as rape. No differences were found between participants in their first years of college compared to their last years of college.
{"title":"Reasoning about Sexual Assault in Emerging Adults: The Role of Consent","authors":"Justin Kaluza, Clare Conry-Murray","doi":"10.5334/hpb.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/hpb.35","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging adult college students (77 men, 82 women) in the U.S. evaluated consent and the acceptability of a sexual act in hypothetical scenarios which varied the response of the protagonist/victim, the length of the relationship and the gender of the protagonist. Judgments of the acceptability of sexual acts were strongly associated with judgments of consent. Judgments of consent and the acceptability, responsibility for and deserved-punishment for the sexual act differed depending on the victim’s responses and relationships lengths. Compared to women, men judged sex after the freezing response to be more acceptable, and the perpetrator to be less responsible and less punish-worthy. In addition, men were less likely than women to label responses where the victim froze as rape. No differences were found between participants in their first years of college compared to their last years of college.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45551030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, parental attitudes towards aerobic and strength exercises from Turkish parents were examined. In a first study, interviews were conducted with 10 Turkish parents (4 mothers, 6 fathers). In a second study, a Dutch study by ten Hoor et al. (2015) was replicated in Turkey after which data was cautiously compared to examine if there are any cultural differences. A total of 321 Turkish parents filled out an online survey regarding their own and their children’s physical activity, and more specifically, their attitudes towards aerobic and strength exercises. Overall, study 1 showed that Turkish parents were positive about their children’s strength exercises. Similar to the study by Ten Hoor et al. (2015), study 2 demonstrated that Turkish parents had more positive attitudes for aerobic exercises compared to strength exercises. Cautious comparisons between Dutch and Turkish parents generally showed no differences. Turkish parents with negative attitudes towards strength exercises of their child provided similar reasons compared to the Dutch sample. In conclusion, Turkish and Dutch parents have similar opinions regarding physical activity and its types. For Turkish parents, negative attitudes about strength exercises are based on misperceptions – similar to what was found in Dutch parents. Future interventions are needed to deal with those misperceptions.
本研究调查了土耳其父母对有氧运动和力量运动的态度。在第一项研究中，对10位土耳其父母(4位母亲，6位父亲)进行了访谈。在第二项研究中，ten Hoor等人(2015)在土耳其进行了一项荷兰研究，之后对数据进行了谨慎的比较，以检查是否存在任何文化差异。共有321名土耳其父母填写了一份关于他们自己和孩子的体育活动的在线调查，更具体地说，他们对有氧运动和力量运动的态度。总体而言，研究1表明，土耳其父母对孩子的力量锻炼持积极态度。与Ten Hoor et al.(2015)的研究类似，研究2表明土耳其父母对有氧运动的态度比力量运动更积极。荷兰和土耳其父母之间的谨慎比较通常没有差异。与荷兰样本相比，土耳其父母对孩子力量锻炼持消极态度的原因相似。总之，土耳其和荷兰的父母对体育活动及其类型的看法相似。对于土耳其父母来说，对力量锻炼的消极态度是基于误解——这与荷兰父母的情况相似。未来需要采取干预措施来消除这些误解。
{"title":"Turkish Parents’ Attitudes Towards Strength and Aerobic Exercises in their Children: A Replication of Ten Hoor et al. (2015)","authors":"Tugce Varol, G. T. Hoor","doi":"10.5334/HPB.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.31","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, parental attitudes towards aerobic and strength exercises from Turkish parents were examined. In a first study, interviews were conducted with 10 Turkish parents (4 mothers, 6 fathers). In a second study, a Dutch study by ten Hoor et al. (2015) was replicated in Turkey after which data was cautiously compared to examine if there are any cultural differences. A total of 321 Turkish parents filled out an online survey regarding their own and their children’s physical activity, and more specifically, their attitudes towards aerobic and strength exercises. Overall, study 1 showed that Turkish parents were positive about their children’s strength exercises. Similar to the study by Ten Hoor et al. (2015), study 2 demonstrated that Turkish parents had more positive attitudes for aerobic exercises compared to strength exercises. Cautious comparisons between Dutch and Turkish parents generally showed no differences. Turkish parents with negative attitudes towards strength exercises of their child provided similar reasons compared to the Dutch sample. In conclusion, Turkish and Dutch parents have similar opinions regarding physical activity and its types. For Turkish parents, negative attitudes about strength exercises are based on misperceptions – similar to what was found in Dutch parents. Future interventions are needed to deal with those misperceptions.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48296277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many societal problems are related to human behavior. To change behavior, it is crucial to be aware of Lewin’s formula indicating that behavior is a function of a person and their environment. Technology provides opportunities with regard to (measurement of) all three elements of this formula. This raises the question how existing technologies can be used to improve behavior change science. This article provides two answers to this question: application and innovation of theory. Technology can be used to apply behavior change methods in practice. For example, providing computer-tailored feedback based on a social-cognitive profile. Technology can also be used to innovate theory, which is less common, but results in more progress. For example, technology provides opportunities to triangulate ecological momentary assessment (EMA) with smartphone native sensor data to track behavior and environmental factors. If the opportunities provided by technology are combined with a rationale on how and which data to collect, then these data can be used to answer theoretically driven questions. Answering such questions results in better theories to both explain and change behavior. This is highly relevant for more effective and more efficient solutions to all societal problems related to human behavior.
{"title":"Hardwired… to Self- Destruct? Using Technology to Improve Behavior Change Science","authors":"R. Crutzen","doi":"10.5334/HPB.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.26","url":null,"abstract":"Many societal problems are related to human behavior. To change behavior, it is crucial to be aware of Lewin’s formula indicating that behavior is a function of a person and their environment. Technology provides opportunities with regard to (measurement of) all three elements of this formula. This raises the question how existing technologies can be used to improve behavior change science. This article provides two answers to this question: application and innovation of theory. Technology can be used to apply behavior change methods in practice. For example, providing computer-tailored feedback based on a social-cognitive profile. Technology can also be used to innovate theory, which is less common, but results in more progress. For example, technology provides opportunities to triangulate ecological momentary assessment (EMA) with smartphone native sensor data to track behavior and environmental factors. If the opportunities provided by technology are combined with a rationale on how and which data to collect, then these data can be used to answer theoretically driven questions. Answering such questions results in better theories to both explain and change behavior. This is highly relevant for more effective and more efficient solutions to all societal problems related to human behavior.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43530366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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