Tugce Varol, Francine Schneider, I. Mesters, R. Crutzen, R. Ruiter, G. Kok, G. T. ten Hoor
Objective. This study aims to explore students’ adherence and reasons behind the (non)adherence to the COVID-19-regulations within a university setting.Methods. A total of 33 students participated in on-site and online focus group interviews (k=8). Discussed topics included the general COVID-19-guidelines of the university, including keeping ≥1.5 m distance, staying at home and getting tested when having symptoms, and wearing facemasks. Additionally, education and psychosocial wellbeing in the times of COVID-19 were discussed. We also conducted online interviews with stewards (2 focus group interviews and 1 individual interview) and security/crowd control officials (1 focus group interview) to learn more about students’ (non)adherence behaviors. Results. The findings of this study show that the interviewed students were willing to adhere to the guidelines within the university buildings. They mentioned several facilitators (e.g., the infrastructure of the buildings and staff) and barriers (e.g., being together with friends and difficulties with telling others to follow the regulations) for their compliance behaviors. Some students also stated that they are not afraid of COVID-19 because they are young, while others adhered to the regulations to protect vulnerable people.Conclusion. To create a safe environment within the university and alleviate the spread of the virus, future interventions require targeting the determinants of students’ non-adherence behaviors, such as lower risk perception (e.g., being young and no perceived threat/low vulnerability) and lower self-efficacy (e.g., for keeping distance, to determine symptoms for testing/isolating and to correct others).
{"title":"University Students’ Adherence to the COVID-19-guidelines: A Qualitative Study on Facilitators and Barriers","authors":"Tugce Varol, Francine Schneider, I. Mesters, R. Crutzen, R. Ruiter, G. Kok, G. T. ten Hoor","doi":"10.5334/HPB.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.32","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. This study aims to explore students’ adherence and reasons behind the (non)adherence to the COVID-19-regulations within a university setting.Methods. A total of 33 students participated in on-site and online focus group interviews (k=8). Discussed topics included the general COVID-19-guidelines of the university, including keeping ≥1.5 m distance, staying at home and getting tested when having symptoms, and wearing facemasks. Additionally, education and psychosocial wellbeing in the times of COVID-19 were discussed. We also conducted online interviews with stewards (2 focus group interviews and 1 individual interview) and security/crowd control officials (1 focus group interview) to learn more about students’ (non)adherence behaviors. Results. The findings of this study show that the interviewed students were willing to adhere to the guidelines within the university buildings. They mentioned several facilitators (e.g., the infrastructure of the buildings and staff) and barriers (e.g., being together with friends and difficulties with telling others to follow the regulations) for their compliance behaviors. Some students also stated that they are not afraid of COVID-19 because they are young, while others adhered to the regulations to protect vulnerable people.Conclusion. To create a safe environment within the university and alleviate the spread of the virus, future interventions require targeting the determinants of students’ non-adherence behaviors, such as lower risk perception (e.g., being young and no perceived threat/low vulnerability) and lower self-efficacy (e.g., for keeping distance, to determine symptoms for testing/isolating and to correct others).","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48019523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Rozendaal, T. V. van Woudenberg, E. Crone, Kayla H. Green, Suzanne van de Groep, Rebecca N. H. de Leeuw, Sophie W. Sweijen, M. Buijzen
Although most young people do not become seriously ill from the coronavirus causing the COVID-19 disease, they do play a role in its spread. It is therefore important that they adhere to the recommended preventive behaviors, most importantly, physical distancing. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the psychosocial determinants of young people’s physical distancing behavior and the role that direct (i.e., interpersonal) and mediated communication (i.e., mass media, social media) about COVID-19 plays in this. A daily diary study was conducted among 481 Dutch adolescents (secondary school students; age range 10-18 years) and 404 young adults (university students; age range 17-25 years), involving 10 identical daily surveys administered on weekdays during a 2-week period during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020). The hypotheses were tested with preregistered univariate and multivariate linear mixed-effects models. The perceived descriptive norm (i.e., what friends are doing) was the most important determinant of physical distancing behavior among both adolescents and young adults. The perceived injunctive norm, perceived response efficacy, and perceived severity were also positively associated with physical distancing, albeit less strong. Among adolescents, exposure to information about COVID-19 in the mass media increased their perceptions of the descriptive norm, which in turn increased their physical distancing behavior. For those involved in studying and designing COVID-19-related behavioral interventions and campaigns targeting youth, it is important to consider the social norms that they relate to, and to take into account their perceived severity and response efficacy.
{"title":"Communication and COVID-19 Physical Distancing Behavior Among Dutch Youth","authors":"E. Rozendaal, T. V. van Woudenberg, E. Crone, Kayla H. Green, Suzanne van de Groep, Rebecca N. H. de Leeuw, Sophie W. Sweijen, M. Buijzen","doi":"10.5334/HPB.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.33","url":null,"abstract":"Although most young people do not become seriously ill from the coronavirus causing the COVID-19 disease, they do play a role in its spread. It is therefore important that they adhere to the recommended preventive behaviors, most importantly, physical distancing. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the psychosocial determinants of young people’s physical distancing behavior and the role that direct (i.e., interpersonal) and mediated communication (i.e., mass media, social media) about COVID-19 plays in this. A daily diary study was conducted among 481 Dutch adolescents (secondary school students; age range 10-18 years) and 404 young adults (university students; age range 17-25 years), involving 10 identical daily surveys administered on weekdays during a 2-week period during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020). The hypotheses were tested with preregistered univariate and multivariate linear mixed-effects models. The perceived descriptive norm (i.e., what friends are doing) was the most important determinant of physical distancing behavior among both adolescents and young adults. The perceived injunctive norm, perceived response efficacy, and perceived severity were also positively associated with physical distancing, albeit less strong. Among adolescents, exposure to information about COVID-19 in the mass media increased their perceptions of the descriptive norm, which in turn increased their physical distancing behavior. For those involved in studying and designing COVID-19-related behavioral interventions and campaigns targeting youth, it is important to consider the social norms that they relate to, and to take into account their perceived severity and response efficacy.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42319757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Nigg, Nando L. Aneas Zurkinden, Damian A. Beck, Xaviér J. B. Bisang, B. Charbonnet, Benjamin Dütschler, T. Felder, Tarik Ganic, Lara P. Grunder, Marc P. Gürber, Jaqueline Konyo, Remo Lehmann, Anna R. Meierhofer, Sandra Schnegg, Claudia Uhl, Ludovic G. Vergères, Joram Weber, Flurin Wieland, P. Zimmermann, Alessia Zuber, Melina T. Zutter
Objective: To determine the effect of an innovative, online-based intervention, addressing the possible decline of physical activity (PA) and increase of sedentary behavior (SB) during COVID-19 stay at home restrictions in Switzerland. Methods: This study investigated the effect of a two-week, social cognitive theory based, online-video moderate to vigorous (MV)PA or SB intervention on MVPA and SB behaviour and intention via a 3 group by 2 time point parallel randomized controlled trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adults (≥18 yo) were recruited over the internet between April 10th and April 19th 2020 (n = 129; 75.2% female; mean age = 29.0 [SD 11.8] years). Both intervention groups received five videos targeting either SB for the SB group or MVPA for the MVPA group and were compared to an attention control group (fruit and vegetable consumption). It was hypothesized that MVPA time and intention would increase for the MVPA group and the SB group would outperform control on SB behaviour and intention indicators. Results: No significant interactions were found for the MVPA group (n = 41) versus control (n = 40). Only one significant interaction was measured for the SB group (n = 48; intention of active breaks F = (2,114) = 5.84, p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.09). Although mostly non-significant and small effects, the MVPA group showed results pointing in the hypothesized direction on all PA indicators and the SB on all SB indicators, respectively. Conclusion: Considering this study’s limitations (e.g. small intervention dose), video-based online PA and SB interventions seem promising and feasible. This approach is appropriate for COVID-19 and other stay at home situations.
{"title":"Promoting More Physical Activity and Less Sedentary Behaviour During the COVID-19 Situation – SportStudisMoveYou (SSMY): A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"C. Nigg, Nando L. Aneas Zurkinden, Damian A. Beck, Xaviér J. B. Bisang, B. Charbonnet, Benjamin Dütschler, T. Felder, Tarik Ganic, Lara P. Grunder, Marc P. Gürber, Jaqueline Konyo, Remo Lehmann, Anna R. Meierhofer, Sandra Schnegg, Claudia Uhl, Ludovic G. Vergères, Joram Weber, Flurin Wieland, P. Zimmermann, Alessia Zuber, Melina T. Zutter","doi":"10.5334/HPB.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.25","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the effect of an innovative, online-based intervention, addressing the possible decline of physical activity (PA) and increase of sedentary behavior (SB) during COVID-19 stay at home restrictions in Switzerland. Methods: This study investigated the effect of a two-week, social cognitive theory based, online-video moderate to vigorous (MV)PA or SB intervention on MVPA and SB behaviour and intention via a 3 group by 2 time point parallel randomized controlled trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adults (≥18 yo) were recruited over the internet between April 10th and April 19th 2020 (n = 129; 75.2% female; mean age = 29.0 [SD 11.8] years). Both intervention groups received five videos targeting either SB for the SB group or MVPA for the MVPA group and were compared to an attention control group (fruit and vegetable consumption). It was hypothesized that MVPA time and intention would increase for the MVPA group and the SB group would outperform control on SB behaviour and intention indicators. Results: No significant interactions were found for the MVPA group (n = 41) versus control (n = 40). Only one significant interaction was measured for the SB group (n = 48; intention of active breaks F = (2,114) = 5.84, p = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.09). Although mostly non-significant and small effects, the MVPA group showed results pointing in the hypothesized direction on all PA indicators and the SB on all SB indicators, respectively. Conclusion: Considering this study’s limitations (e.g. small intervention dose), video-based online PA and SB interventions seem promising and feasible. This approach is appropriate for COVID-19 and other stay at home situations.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43093551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There has been much talk of psychological science undergoing a renaissance with recent years being marked by dramatic changes in research practices and to the publishing landscape. This article briefly summarises a number of the ways in which psychological science can improve its rigor, lessen use of questionable research practices and reduce publication bias. The importance of pre-registration as a useful tool to increase transparency of science and improve the robustness of our evidence base, especially in COVID-19 times, is presented. In particular, the case for the increased adoption of Registered Reports, the article format that allows peer review of research studies before the results are known, is outlined. Finally, the article argues that the scientific architecture and the academic reward structure need to change with a move towards “slow science” and away from the “publish or perish” culture.
{"title":"Leonardo da Vinci, PreRegistration and the Architecture of Science: Towards a More Open and Transparent Research Culture","authors":"D. O'Connor","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/bnvxe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/bnvxe","url":null,"abstract":"There has been much talk of psychological science undergoing a renaissance with recent years being marked by dramatic changes in research practices and to the publishing landscape. This article briefly summarises a number of the ways in which psychological science can improve its rigor, lessen use of questionable research practices and reduce publication bias. The importance of pre-registration as a useful tool to increase transparency of science and improve the robustness of our evidence base, especially in COVID-19 times, is presented. In particular, the case for the increased adoption of Registered Reports, the article format that allows peer review of research studies before the results are known, is outlined. Finally, the article argues that the scientific architecture and the academic reward structure need to change with a move towards “slow science” and away from the “publish or perish” culture.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41400631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Lee, A. Ranchor, B. Garssen, R. Sanderman, M. Schroevers, C. Roelen
Objectives: This study aimed to identify predictors of returning to work in a group of cancer patients that sought and received help from mental health care institutes specialized in psycho-oncological therapy. Moreover we identified which psychosocial factors were seen as important for returning to work by these patients and therapists working at these institutes. Method: This naturalistic study focused on cancer patients who applied for help at specialized psycho-oncology institutions in the Netherlands. Data were collected before the start of psychological care (T1), and three (T2) and nine (T3) months thereafter. Predictors of return to work were identified based on the opinion of therapists and patients from psycho-oncology institutions in the Netherlands. Predictor scores at T1 were used to predict return to work at T3. Discrimination between patients with and without return to work at T3 was investigated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and expressed as the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: At T1, 174 participants (79%) were off work due to sickness and 119 (68%) had returned to work at T3. Therapists and patients identified psychological symptoms, quality of life, comorbidity, helplessness, acceptation, mastery, stressful life-events, well-being, and domestic and social functioning as being important for predicting return to work. Domestic functioning was the strongest predictor of return to work at T3. The prediction model including all identified predictor variables did not discriminate between patients with and without return to work at T3, with AUC = 0.652 (95% CI 0.553–0.751). Conclusions: These results suggest that, although psychological symptoms are important at face validity for return to work after cancer, in patients that received help for psychological symptoms, they do not predict return to work.
目的:本研究旨在确定一组寻求并接受心理肿瘤治疗专业精神卫生保健机构帮助的癌症患者重返工作岗位的预测因素。此外，我们还确定了哪些社会心理因素对于这些患者和在这些研究所工作的治疗师重返工作岗位是重要的。方法:本自然主义研究集中于在荷兰的专业心理肿瘤机构申请帮助的癌症患者。数据收集于心理护理开始前(T1)、开始后3个月(T2)和9个月(T3)。根据荷兰心理肿瘤机构的治疗师和患者的意见，确定了重返工作岗位的预测因素。T1时的预测分数用于预测T3时的重返工作。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)分析，以ROC曲线下面积(AUC)表示，对T3时是否重返工作的患者进行区分。结果:在T1时，174名参与者(79%)因病离职，119名(68%)在T3时返回工作岗位。治疗师和患者确定心理症状、生活质量、共病、无助、接受、掌握、压力生活事件、幸福感、家庭和社会功能是预测重返工作岗位的重要因素。家庭功能是T3患者重返工作岗位的最强预测因子。包括所有确定的预测变量的预测模型对T3时是否恢复工作的患者没有区别，AUC = 0.652 (95% CI 0.553-0.751)。结论:这些结果表明，虽然心理症状在癌症后重返工作岗位的表面效度上很重要，但在接受心理症状帮助的患者中，他们并不预测重返工作岗位。
{"title":"Predictors of Returning to Work after Receiving Specialized Psycho-Oncological Care","authors":"M. Lee, A. Ranchor, B. Garssen, R. Sanderman, M. Schroevers, C. Roelen","doi":"10.5334/hpb.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/hpb.4","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to identify predictors of returning to work in a group of cancer patients that sought and received help from mental health care institutes specialized in psycho-oncological therapy. Moreover we identified which psychosocial factors were seen as important for returning to work by these patients and therapists working at these institutes. Method: This naturalistic study focused on cancer patients who applied for help at specialized psycho-oncology institutions in the Netherlands. Data were collected before the start of psychological care (T1), and three (T2) and nine (T3) months thereafter. Predictors of return to work were identified based on the opinion of therapists and patients from psycho-oncology institutions in the Netherlands. Predictor scores at T1 were used to predict return to work at T3. Discrimination between patients with and without return to work at T3 was investigated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and expressed as the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Results: At T1, 174 participants (79%) were off work due to sickness and 119 (68%) had returned to work at T3. Therapists and patients identified psychological symptoms, quality of life, comorbidity, helplessness, acceptation, mastery, stressful life-events, well-being, and domestic and social functioning as being important for predicting return to work. Domestic functioning was the strongest predictor of return to work at T3. The prediction model including all identified predictor variables did not discriminate between patients with and without return to work at T3, with AUC = 0.652 (95% CI 0.553–0.751). Conclusions: These results suggest that, although psychological symptoms are important at face validity for return to work after cancer, in patients that received help for psychological symptoms, they do not predict return to work.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48423128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The aim of the present study was to employ the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict and explain intentions and motivations to brush teeth among primary school children in Northern Ireland (NI). Design: Primary schools in NI were sorted by a number of key stratification variables and then randomly sampled. Twenty-seven schools took part in the research, and a questionnaire that incorporated both direct and indirect constructs of the TPB, related to tooth brushing behaviour, was administered to a sample of 867 year six school children. Results: Multiple regression analyses provided support for the TPB; together the TPB constructs predicted 57.1% of the variance in intentions to brush teeth. Correlational analyses confirmed self-efficacy as having the strongest association with intentions, followed by attitude, subjective norm and perceived control. Conclusion: The findings obtained in the present study suggest that the TPB is a useful framework for investigating children’s tooth brushing intentions, and provides the foundation for designing an intervention aimed at encouraging tooth brushing behaviour among children.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Children’s Tooth Brushing Intention: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour","authors":"J. Davison, M. McLaughlin, M. Giles","doi":"10.5334/HPB.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.8","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the present study was to employ the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict and explain intentions and motivations to brush teeth among primary school children in Northern Ireland (NI). Design: Primary schools in NI were sorted by a number of key stratification variables and then randomly sampled. Twenty-seven schools took part in the research, and a questionnaire that incorporated both direct and indirect constructs of the TPB, related to tooth brushing behaviour, was administered to a sample of 867 year six school children. Results: Multiple regression analyses provided support for the TPB; together the TPB constructs predicted 57.1% of the variance in intentions to brush teeth. Correlational analyses confirmed self-efficacy as having the strongest association with intentions, followed by attitude, subjective norm and perceived control. Conclusion: The findings obtained in the present study suggest that the TPB is a useful framework for investigating children’s tooth brushing intentions, and provides the foundation for designing an intervention aimed at encouraging tooth brushing behaviour among children.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43527793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Desai, L. Mercken, R. Ruiter, J. Schepers, P. Reddy
After students drop out of school, their alcohol use may vary according to the reason for dropping out. In this paper, out of school youth (OSY) are those between 13–20 years old, have not completed their schooling, and have not enrolled in secondary or high school for the current academic year. OSY are at heightened risk of alcohol use. This study examined the relationship between reasons for leaving school and alcohol use, taking into account gender differences. Survey data from 4222 OSY (mean age = 17.4 years, SD = 1.9; males = 59.4%) were analysed using ordinal regression. Leaving school for “not having enough money to pay for school fees” was associated with more alcohol consumption, among females living specifically in rural areas of Gauteng. However, in urban areas of Kwazulu Natal and Mpumalanga, females who left school for the same reason as their rural counterparts were less likely to consume alcohol in the past month. Males were more likely to consume higher levels of alcohol if they reported leaving school due to making someone pregnant, but only when they resided in peri-urban areas. Understanding the relationship between reasons for leaving school and alcohol use may give us insight into the profile of school dropouts at risk for alcohol use. This information is useful for intervention development across the school, home and community.
{"title":"Reasons for Leaving School and Alcohol Use Among Out of School Youth in South Africa","authors":"R. Desai, L. Mercken, R. Ruiter, J. Schepers, P. Reddy","doi":"10.5334/HPB.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.12","url":null,"abstract":"After students drop out of school, their alcohol use may vary according to the reason for dropping out. In this paper, out of school youth (OSY) are those between 13–20 years old, have not completed their schooling, and have not enrolled in secondary or high school for the current academic year. OSY are at heightened risk of alcohol use. This study examined the relationship between reasons for leaving school and alcohol use, taking into account gender differences. Survey data from 4222 OSY (mean age = 17.4 years, SD = 1.9; males = 59.4%) were analysed using ordinal regression. Leaving school for “not having enough money to pay for school fees” was associated with more alcohol consumption, among females living specifically in rural areas of Gauteng. However, in urban areas of Kwazulu Natal and Mpumalanga, females who left school for the same reason as their rural counterparts were less likely to consume alcohol in the past month. Males were more likely to consume higher levels of alcohol if they reported leaving school due to making someone pregnant, but only when they resided in peri-urban areas. Understanding the relationship between reasons for leaving school and alcohol use may give us insight into the profile of school dropouts at risk for alcohol use. This information is useful for intervention development across the school, home and community.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42157413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pot, Hilde M. van Keulen, Theo Paulussen, Wilma Otten, JIm Van Steenbergen, R. Ruiter
Background: In order to promote HPV-vaccination acceptability among mothers of invited girls, we developed a web-based, tailored intervention. This study reports on an experimental pretest for the component of this intervention targeting mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV-related risk factors. Statistical versus narrative risk information was pretested as research results remain to be mixed on the surplus value of one type over the other in influencing mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility. Methods: We used data from 375 mothers of girls-to-be invited to the HPV-vaccination round 2014, who were derived from the Dutch National Immunization Register. They were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2 (statistical information: yes or no) × 2 (narrative information: yes or no) between-subjects factorial design. Findings: Mothers who received statistical information felt their daughters were more susceptible towards HPV than mothers who received no statistical information. No main or interaction effects with narrative information were found. The effect of statistical information on mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV was not moderated by perceived comprehensibility, credibility or novelty of the risk information, nor mediated by message-induced imaginability, elaboration, personal relevance, or defensive reactions. However, in secondary analyses, in which we only included the statistical and narrative condition, we found personal relevance to mediate the effect of statistical information (independent variable) on mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV (dependent variable). Discussion: Statistical risk information appeared most effective in increasing mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV and was therefore included in the web-based, tailored intervention promoting HPV-vaccination acceptability.
{"title":"Mothers’ Perceptions of their Daughters’ Susceptibility to HPV-related Risk Factors: An Experimental Pretest Comparing Narrative and Statistical Risk Information","authors":"M. Pot, Hilde M. van Keulen, Theo Paulussen, Wilma Otten, JIm Van Steenbergen, R. Ruiter","doi":"10.5334/HPB.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In order to promote HPV-vaccination acceptability among mothers of invited girls, we developed a web-based, tailored intervention. This study reports on an experimental pretest for the component of this intervention targeting mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV-related risk factors. Statistical versus narrative risk information was pretested as research results remain to be mixed on the surplus value of one type over the other in influencing mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility. Methods: We used data from 375 mothers of girls-to-be invited to the HPV-vaccination round 2014, who were derived from the Dutch National Immunization Register. They were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2 (statistical information: yes or no) × 2 (narrative information: yes or no) between-subjects factorial design. Findings: Mothers who received statistical information felt their daughters were more susceptible towards HPV than mothers who received no statistical information. No main or interaction effects with narrative information were found. The effect of statistical information on mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV was not moderated by perceived comprehensibility, credibility or novelty of the risk information, nor mediated by message-induced imaginability, elaboration, personal relevance, or defensive reactions. However, in secondary analyses, in which we only included the statistical and narrative condition, we found personal relevance to mediate the effect of statistical information (independent variable) on mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV (dependent variable). Discussion: Statistical risk information appeared most effective in increasing mothers’ perceptions of their daughters’ susceptibility towards HPV and was therefore included in the web-based, tailored intervention promoting HPV-vaccination acceptability.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41613426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuang Li, S. Ritter, Chongzeng Bi, R. Baaren, Barbara C. N. Müller
Research has shown that self-persuasion is more effective in increasing smokers’ risk perception and decreasing short-term smoking behavior compared to the traditional direct persuasion. However, the role of self-construal, which is closely associated with how one perceives persuasive messages, is not explored. The current research filled this gap by introducing self-construal to the self-persuasion literature to investigate its potential moderating role. Throughout five studies, we measured daily smokers’ chronic self-construal (Study 1–3), selected smokers with different culturally-nurtured self-construal (Study 4), and primed situational self-construal (Study 5) to examine the role of self-construal in regard to smokers’ cognition, attitude, and short-term smoking behavior, after being targeted by direct- or self-persuasion. Health warnings on cigarette packages and text regarding the negative consequences of smoking were used as direct persuasive messages. Adapted versions of health warnings and an argumentation task were used to induce self-persuasion. Null results were obtained from most of the studies. The overall support for the null hypothesis, however, remains weak and needs to be further verified. Limitations and future research direction are discussed.
{"title":"Does Smokers’ Self-Construal Moderate the Effect of (Self-)persuasion on Smoking?","authors":"Shuang Li, S. Ritter, Chongzeng Bi, R. Baaren, Barbara C. N. Müller","doi":"10.5334/HPB.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.17","url":null,"abstract":"Research has shown that self-persuasion is more effective in increasing smokers’ risk perception and decreasing short-term smoking behavior compared to the traditional direct persuasion. However, the role of self-construal, which is closely associated with how one perceives persuasive messages, is not explored. The current research filled this gap by introducing self-construal to the self-persuasion literature to investigate its potential moderating role. Throughout five studies, we measured daily smokers’ chronic self-construal (Study 1–3), selected smokers with different culturally-nurtured self-construal (Study 4), and primed situational self-construal (Study 5) to examine the role of self-construal in regard to smokers’ cognition, attitude, and short-term smoking behavior, after being targeted by direct- or self-persuasion. Health warnings on cigarette packages and text regarding the negative consequences of smoking were used as direct persuasive messages. Adapted versions of health warnings and an argumentation task were used to induce self-persuasion. Null results were obtained from most of the studies. The overall support for the null hypothesis, however, remains weak and needs to be further verified. Limitations and future research direction are discussed.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41944578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The relationship between nutrition and mental health, as well as physical health, is well known. Mental Health Services in the UK and worldwide are recognising the need for nutritional care, however eliciting a change in eating habits in patients/service users is a challenge. The effects of a ‘Psych-Nutritional Intervention’ (PNI) using Motivational Interviewing (n = 30) was compared with a ‘Treatment as Usual’ (TAU) involving standard nutritional advice (n = 21) and a control group (no nutritional support) (n = 22). The sample consisted of young people aged 18–35 years old with a diagnosis of psychosis, who were currently under the care of a UK specialist National Health Service (NHS) Mental Health team (Early Intervention for Psychosis Team). Nutritional knowledge was assessed at baseline across the groups. Readiness to Change eating habits was measured at baseline and a further two time points post intervention. Although there were no significant between group differences, the PNI group elicited both the most progression in terms of readiness to change eating habits, but also the most regression. The use of MI may be anti-therapeutic for those who are not ready to consider make changes to their eating habits, and this requires further investigation. Greater emphasis on the importance of assessing and selecting who is most likely to benefit from interventions is necessary.
{"title":"More Harm than Good? A Pilot of a Motivational Interviewing Based Intervention for Increasing Readiness to Improve Nutrition in Young People Experiencing a First Episode of Psychosis","authors":"E. Fulton, M. Peet, K. Williamson","doi":"10.5334/HPB.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/HPB.10","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between nutrition and mental health, as well as physical health, is well known. Mental Health Services in the UK and worldwide are recognising the need for nutritional care, however eliciting a change in eating habits in patients/service users is a challenge. The effects of a ‘Psych-Nutritional Intervention’ (PNI) using Motivational Interviewing (n = 30) was compared with a ‘Treatment as Usual’ (TAU) involving standard nutritional advice (n = 21) and a control group (no nutritional support) (n = 22). The sample consisted of young people aged 18–35 years old with a diagnosis of psychosis, who were currently under the care of a UK specialist National Health Service (NHS) Mental Health team (Early Intervention for Psychosis Team). Nutritional knowledge was assessed at baseline across the groups. Readiness to Change eating habits was measured at baseline and a further two time points post intervention. Although there were no significant between group differences, the PNI group elicited both the most progression in terms of readiness to change eating habits, but also the most regression. The use of MI may be anti-therapeutic for those who are not ready to consider make changes to their eating habits, and this requires further investigation. Greater emphasis on the importance of assessing and selecting who is most likely to benefit from interventions is necessary.","PeriodicalId":92902,"journal":{"name":"Health psychology bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45187061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：