Introduction: Previous studies indicated that lipids and nanostructured materials may improve the uptake of nutrients with moderate bioabsorption properties. Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of Membrane Lipid Replacement with NTFactor® Lipids (NTFL) on bioabsorption of three poorly to moderately absorbed nutrients (quercetin, curcumin and coenzyme Q10) utilizing the Caco-2 epithelial cell permeability model. Methods: Transfer across a Caco-2 epithelial cell layer has become a reference standard in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries for in vitro prediction of in vivo human intestinal absorption and bioavailability of orally administered substances. The degree of bioabsorption of the test materials was assessed by monitoring the concentrations of the test materials on each side of the Caco-2 monolayers by liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (LCMS/MS analysis).Results: When NTFL was added to each of the three test nutrients, there was increased absorption and transfer across a Caco-2 cell layer in a dose-dependent manner for the three nutrients. When compared individually, CoQ10 with NTFL showed the most significant increase in absorption (2.01-times more compared to controls without NTFL, p=0.0011) at a concentration of NTFL of 10 mg/mL. NTFL also increased absorption and transfer across a Caco-2 cell layer of the other test nutrients, but these results did not achieve the same level of significance. Discussion: A variety of Oral membrane lipid replacement supplements with NTFL, such as various vitamins, minerals and nutrients, have been designed to reduce fatigue, improve health conditions, and protect cellular and especially mitochondrial membranes from damage. Here we used NTFL to demonstrate improvements in absorption and bioavailability of three nutrients. Conclusion: Using the Caco-2 bioabsorption and bioavailability in vitro model we found that NTFL could enhance absorption, bioavailability and uptake of nutrients while providing its own clinically demonstrated health benefits. Keywords: Phospholipids, Membrane Lipid Replacement, CoQ10, curcumin, quercetin, bioavailability, absorption, permeability, Caco2, bio-uptake, bioabsorption, glycerolphospholipids, intestinal absorption
{"title":"The effects of Membrane Lipid Replacement with NTFactor® Lipids on increasing the bioavailability of three test nutrients","authors":"R. Settineri, Jin Ji, Z. P. Shields, G. Nicolson","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v5i5.936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i5.936","url":null,"abstract":" Introduction: Previous studies indicated that lipids and nanostructured materials may improve the uptake of nutrients with moderate bioabsorption properties. Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of Membrane Lipid Replacement with NTFactor® Lipids (NTFL) on bioabsorption of three poorly to moderately absorbed nutrients (quercetin, curcumin and coenzyme Q10) utilizing the Caco-2 epithelial cell permeability model. Methods: Transfer across a Caco-2 epithelial cell layer has become a reference standard in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries for in vitro prediction of in vivo human intestinal absorption and bioavailability of orally administered substances. The degree of bioabsorption of the test materials was assessed by monitoring the concentrations of the test materials on each side of the Caco-2 monolayers by liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy (LCMS/MS analysis).Results: When NTFL was added to each of the three test nutrients, there was increased absorption and transfer across a Caco-2 cell layer in a dose-dependent manner for the three nutrients. When compared individually, CoQ10 with NTFL showed the most significant increase in absorption (2.01-times more compared to controls without NTFL, p=0.0011) at a concentration of NTFL of 10 mg/mL. NTFL also increased absorption and transfer across a Caco-2 cell layer of the other test nutrients, but these results did not achieve the same level of significance. Discussion: A variety of Oral membrane lipid replacement supplements with NTFL, such as various vitamins, minerals and nutrients, have been designed to reduce fatigue, improve health conditions, and protect cellular and especially mitochondrial membranes from damage. Here we used NTFL to demonstrate improvements in absorption and bioavailability of three nutrients. Conclusion: Using the Caco-2 bioabsorption and bioavailability in vitro model we found that NTFL could enhance absorption, bioavailability and uptake of nutrients while providing its own clinically demonstrated health benefits. Keywords: Phospholipids, Membrane Lipid Replacement, CoQ10, curcumin, quercetin, bioavailability, absorption, permeability, Caco2, bio-uptake, bioabsorption, glycerolphospholipids, intestinal absorption","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45525307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Martirosyan, Fahime Jahanbakhshi, M. Ashoori, Saham Alkhamis, S. Pezeshki, Afsaneh Seyed Mikaeili, H. Mirmiranpour
Background: Unmanaged diabetes mellitus, as a chronic metabolic disease, has dangerous consequences. The consequences of diabetes can be delayed and controlled by using antioxidants and anti-inflammatory substances in the food compounds. Objective: One of the main objectives of this study was to evaluate thymol administration and low-level laser therapy on the change of inflammatory and, oxidative indicators, and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes. Another aim was to study the effect of thymol oil extract on dermatitis.Methods: Thirty volunteers with type 2 diabetes and thirty healthy volunteers as controls were selected. Blood samples were taken from all subjects before the study. The diabetic group was divided into four groups: untreated, treated with low-level laser, treated with thymol (25 mg/kg/30 days) and treated with thymol and laser. Glucose, advanced glycation end products, malondialdehyde, oxidized low level laser, reactive oxygen species, peroxide hydrogen, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 alpha were measured and compared between diabetic and control groups and within diabetic groups. Thymol gel oil extract (0.5%) was studied in reduction of dermatitis in the feet of the diabetic group.Results: Thymol administration, along with low-level laser therapy, reduced levels of cytokines except for interleukin-1 alpha, total cholesterol, triglycerides, advanced glycation end products, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and oxidized low density level lipoprotein (P value < 0.05). The effect of 0.5% thymol oil as a gel on the reduction of dermatitis was not significant.Conclusion: Thymol administration and thymol gel as well as low-level laser therapy, as adjunctive methods, through the reduction of free radicals and oxidative stress can be useful in controlling and reducing the diabetes complications. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Thymol, Topical gel, Low-level laser therapy, Dermatitis
{"title":"Effect of oral administration and topical gel application of thymol and low-level laser therapy on oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers and dermatitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"D. Martirosyan, Fahime Jahanbakhshi, M. Ashoori, Saham Alkhamis, S. Pezeshki, Afsaneh Seyed Mikaeili, H. Mirmiranpour","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v5i4.910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i4.910","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unmanaged diabetes mellitus, as a chronic metabolic disease, has dangerous consequences. The consequences of diabetes can be delayed and controlled by using antioxidants and anti-inflammatory substances in the food compounds. Objective: One of the main objectives of this study was to evaluate thymol administration and low-level laser therapy on the change of inflammatory and, oxidative indicators, and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes. Another aim was to study the effect of thymol oil extract on dermatitis.Methods: Thirty volunteers with type 2 diabetes and thirty healthy volunteers as controls were selected. Blood samples were taken from all subjects before the study. The diabetic group was divided into four groups: untreated, treated with low-level laser, treated with thymol (25 mg/kg/30 days) and treated with thymol and laser. Glucose, advanced glycation end products, malondialdehyde, oxidized low level laser, reactive oxygen species, peroxide hydrogen, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-1 alpha were measured and compared between diabetic and control groups and within diabetic groups. Thymol gel oil extract (0.5%) was studied in reduction of dermatitis in the feet of the diabetic group.Results: Thymol administration, along with low-level laser therapy, reduced levels of cytokines except for interleukin-1 alpha, total cholesterol, triglycerides, advanced glycation end products, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, and oxidized low density level lipoprotein (P value < 0.05). The effect of 0.5% thymol oil as a gel on the reduction of dermatitis was not significant.Conclusion: Thymol administration and thymol gel as well as low-level laser therapy, as adjunctive methods, through the reduction of free radicals and oxidative stress can be useful in controlling and reducing the diabetes complications. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Thymol, Topical gel, Low-level laser therapy, Dermatitis","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42621127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin Root, Weston Petroski, Leslie McCullen, S. Lambiase, Kimberly Bechtold, Brooke Wilson, Ronald Joyner
Background: Pentacyclic triterpenoid acids are common in a number of food and spice plant species. Apples (Malus domestica) are the most common human food source for these potentially beneficial phytochemicals. Pre-20th century heritage apples have long been grown in mountainous western North Carolina and may be a wide-ranging source of these phytochemicals. Objectives: Existing extraction and analytical methods were improved and used to assess the content of three triterpenoid acids in heritage apple cultivars grown in western North Carolina, USA.Methods: Apples from a local farmers market were collected during the fall apple season. Apple peels were freeze dried, ground, and extracted with ethanol thrice. Extracts were analyzed by HPLC against external standards for betulinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids.Results: The improved method was used to extract and to analyze the triterpenoid acid levels in 16 heritage apple cultivars grown in the Appalachian region of western North Carolina. Total triterpenoid acids ranged from 2 to 29 mg/g dry weight of peels. Content did not vary by apple color or time of harvest. Russeted varieties contained noticeably less triterpenoids.Conclusions: An improved and simplified method was used for the analysis of heritage apple varieties in western North Carolinas. A wide range of values was found for these compounds of increasing interest in the human diet and in human health. Keywords: apples, phytochemicals, triterpenoids, ursolic acid, Appalachia
{"title":"A simplified HPLC-UV method for the analysis of triterpenoid acids from heritage apples (Malus domestica) from western North Carolina, USA","authors":"Martin Root, Weston Petroski, Leslie McCullen, S. Lambiase, Kimberly Bechtold, Brooke Wilson, Ronald Joyner","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v5i4.914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i4.914","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pentacyclic triterpenoid acids are common in a number of food and spice plant species. Apples (Malus domestica) are the most common human food source for these potentially beneficial phytochemicals. Pre-20th century heritage apples have long been grown in mountainous western North Carolina and may be a wide-ranging source of these phytochemicals. Objectives: Existing extraction and analytical methods were improved and used to assess the content of three triterpenoid acids in heritage apple cultivars grown in western North Carolina, USA.Methods: Apples from a local farmers market were collected during the fall apple season. Apple peels were freeze dried, ground, and extracted with ethanol thrice. Extracts were analyzed by HPLC against external standards for betulinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids.Results: The improved method was used to extract and to analyze the triterpenoid acid levels in 16 heritage apple cultivars grown in the Appalachian region of western North Carolina. Total triterpenoid acids ranged from 2 to 29 mg/g dry weight of peels. Content did not vary by apple color or time of harvest. Russeted varieties contained noticeably less triterpenoids.Conclusions: An improved and simplified method was used for the analysis of heritage apple varieties in western North Carolinas. A wide range of values was found for these compounds of increasing interest in the human diet and in human health. Keywords: apples, phytochemicals, triterpenoids, ursolic acid, Appalachia","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43750095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer is characterized by the development of cells that are unlike normal cells and they divide rapidly and also corrupt and destroy normal tissues in the body. Cancer cells possess the ability to spread through the body and cause damage. Cancer is caused by the mutation of DNA. The estimate of cancer cases worldwide as of 202 has risen to 19.3 million and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Cancer has several meanswith which it sustains its growth. Cancerous action in the body involves unchecked, uncontrolled cell division and metastisis which is characterized by incading of other cells and tissues in the body. This is caused by a series of mutation in the genes of proteins that regulate the cell cycle and some other processes in the cell. These mutations suppress the ability of the cell to stop the cell cycle and promote cell division which causes continuous and uncontrolled division of cells. Bioactive compounds can be derived from plants, animals, or other sources and they have a wide range of biological and functional activities like anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and antidiabetic activities; with the plant sources widely researched into for anticancer activities. Bioactive compounds have in recent years gained popularity in their role against cancer. This current study aims to review the mechanisms of action of anticancer activity of some of these bioactive compounds. Keywords: anticancer, bioactive compounds, cancer, genistein, mechanism
{"title":"Mode of action of some bioactive compounds with anticancer activity","authors":"A. Kayode, G. F. Okumede, G. Alabi","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v5i2.901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i2.901","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is characterized by the development of cells that are unlike normal cells and they divide rapidly and also corrupt and destroy normal tissues in the body. Cancer cells possess the ability to spread through the body and cause damage. Cancer is caused by the mutation of DNA. The estimate of cancer cases worldwide as of 202 has risen to 19.3 million and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Cancer has several meanswith which it sustains its growth. Cancerous action in the body involves unchecked, uncontrolled cell division and metastisis which is characterized by incading of other cells and tissues in the body. This is caused by a series of mutation in the genes of proteins that regulate the cell cycle and some other processes in the cell. These mutations suppress the ability of the cell to stop the cell cycle and promote cell division which causes continuous and uncontrolled division of cells. Bioactive compounds can be derived from plants, animals, or other sources and they have a wide range of biological and functional activities like anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and antidiabetic activities; with the plant sources widely researched into for anticancer activities. Bioactive compounds have in recent years gained popularity in their role against cancer. This current study aims to review the mechanisms of action of anticancer activity of some of these bioactive compounds. Keywords: anticancer, bioactive compounds, cancer, genistein, mechanism","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46703285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kochuvelickakathu Sivan Shali, N. P. Soumya, S. Mondal, S. Mini
Background: Diabetes mellitus is widely recognized as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development and progression of diabetes - induced liver damage.Objective: The main aim of the study was to explore the modulatory effect of the flavonoid morin (3,5,7,2’,4’ -pentahydroxyflavone) on oxidative stress and carbohydrate metabolism in the liver of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes was induced in male albino rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight) and subsequently, the animals were given morin intragastrically at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight for 60 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed by an intraperitoneal injection of thiopentone sodium. Blood and liver tissue were collected for further biochemical evaluation and the effects were compared with diabetic rats administered metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug.Results: Elevated blood glucose and HbA1c levels in diabetic rats were significantly decreased by morin administration. Morin effectively modulated the alternations in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products, activities of antioxidant enzymes and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes in the liver of diabetic rats. The overall effects were comparable with diabetic rats administered with metformin.Conclusion: The results of our study proved that the morin administration exerts hepatoprotective activity by decreasing oxidative stress and regulating the altered activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes in diabetes.Keywords: diabetes, morin, liver, oxidative stress, carbohydrate metabolism
{"title":"Hepatoprotective effect of morin via regulating the oxidative stress and carbohydrate metabolism in STZ induced diabetic rats","authors":"Kochuvelickakathu Sivan Shali, N. P. Soumya, S. Mondal, S. Mini","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v5i3.893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i3.893","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is widely recognized as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development and progression of diabetes - induced liver damage.Objective: The main aim of the study was to explore the modulatory effect of the flavonoid morin (3,5,7,2’,4’ -pentahydroxyflavone) on oxidative stress and carbohydrate metabolism in the liver of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes was induced in male albino rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight) and subsequently, the animals were given morin intragastrically at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight for 60 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed by an intraperitoneal injection of thiopentone sodium. Blood and liver tissue were collected for further biochemical evaluation and the effects were compared with diabetic rats administered metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug.Results: Elevated blood glucose and HbA1c levels in diabetic rats were significantly decreased by morin administration. Morin effectively modulated the alternations in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products, activities of antioxidant enzymes and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes in the liver of diabetic rats. The overall effects were comparable with diabetic rats administered with metformin.Conclusion: The results of our study proved that the morin administration exerts hepatoprotective activity by decreasing oxidative stress and regulating the altered activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes in diabetes.Keywords: diabetes, morin, liver, oxidative stress, carbohydrate metabolism","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43471866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abolanle Kayode A. A Kayode, G. F. Okumede, G. Alabi, F. Onajobi
Vegan diet (VD) is a diet that consists of only plant based foods. This diet completely excludes all animal products; meat, fish, poultry and also food gotten from milk, oil and honey. Vegan diet differs from vegetarian diet, although they are similar; some vegetarian include egg (ovo vegetarians), milk from animals (lacto vegetarians) or fish (pescovegetarian) in their diet. VD is believed to be healthier than diets containing animal produce and generally have a higher diet quality than non-vegan diets. VD has many health benefits and may also reduce the risk of certain conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and cancer. However, these benefits seen in adults may not be the same case for toddlers and young children. Their diet directly affects their height, weight and also psychomotor and neurocognitive development. VD may not supply all the nutrients necessary for development and may lead to nutrient deficiency. Vegan children are at a risk of insufficient supply and deficiency of some critical nutrients such as protein, long chain fatty acids, cholesterol, iron, zinc, iodine, calcium, and vitamin A, B12 and D. Deficiency of these nutrients could lead to various developmental and sometimes irreversible disorders. Apart from nutrition, VD also seems to alter the metabolomics and gut microbiota constitution of a vegan. Overall VD may have health benefits for children if it is properly fortified and supplemented. VD in children will also have to be carefully monitored to ensure the diet is healthy, nutritious and promote healthy growth and development. Keywords: Children, Vegan diet, Nutrition, Metabolomics, Inborn errors of metabolism
{"title":"Is vegan diet advisable for children?","authors":"Abolanle Kayode A. A Kayode, G. F. Okumede, G. Alabi, F. Onajobi","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v5i2.892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i2.892","url":null,"abstract":"Vegan diet (VD) is a diet that consists of only plant based foods. This diet completely excludes all animal products; meat, fish, poultry and also food gotten from milk, oil and honey. Vegan diet differs from vegetarian diet, although they are similar; some vegetarian include egg (ovo vegetarians), milk from animals (lacto vegetarians) or fish (pescovegetarian) in their diet. VD is believed to be healthier than diets containing animal produce and generally have a higher diet quality than non-vegan diets. VD has many health benefits and may also reduce the risk of certain conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and cancer. However, these benefits seen in adults may not be the same case for toddlers and young children. Their diet directly affects their height, weight and also psychomotor and neurocognitive development. VD may not supply all the nutrients necessary for development and may lead to nutrient deficiency. Vegan children are at a risk of insufficient supply and deficiency of some critical nutrients such as protein, long chain fatty acids, cholesterol, iron, zinc, iodine, calcium, and vitamin A, B12 and D. Deficiency of these nutrients could lead to various developmental and sometimes irreversible disorders. Apart from nutrition, VD also seems to alter the metabolomics and gut microbiota constitution of a vegan. Overall VD may have health benefits for children if it is properly fortified and supplemented. VD in children will also have to be carefully monitored to ensure the diet is healthy, nutritious and promote healthy growth and development. Keywords: Children, Vegan diet, Nutrition, Metabolomics, Inborn errors of metabolism","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48267229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Foods not only aim to satisfy hunger and provide for essential nutritional needs, but they also improve the consumers' general health and prevent diseases related to nutrition. Nowadays, functional foods have seen rapid growth in the market driven by technological innovation and new product development. Our recent study produced a novel processed cheese using vegetables mixture that had a highly physicochemical composition and rheological and sensory characteristics.Methods: This study was conducted to improve the nutritional and functional qualities of processed cheese using several vegetables (flavored-processed cheese, FPC) (mushrooms, dill, leeks, parsley, celery, green peas, green beans, squash, potatoes, and carrots) with ratios of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%.Results: Our data on nutritional values for FPC samples contain extra micro and macro-nutrient components, such as vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, amino acids, and unsaturated fatty acids, compared to the control cheese. Adding the vegetable mixture was accepted by the consumers and can contribute to the production and development of a new and safe type of processed cheese that has an excellent nutritional value, functional properties, and overall acceptability. Ratios of 5% and 7.5% were observed as the best samples.Conclusion: We recommend that vegetables should be used as a natural food additive for technological purposes. These are necessary sources of human health-promotion by nutritional and functional food properties of various dairy products.Keywords: Processed cheese, vegetables, nutritional values, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants
{"title":"Innovative vegetables-processed cheese: II. high nutritional and functional attributes","authors":"M. El-Loly, A. Mohamed, Eman S A Farahat","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v5i1.889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v5i1.889","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Foods not only aim to satisfy hunger and provide for essential nutritional needs, but they also improve the consumers' general health and prevent diseases related to nutrition. Nowadays, functional foods have seen rapid growth in the market driven by technological innovation and new product development. Our recent study produced a novel processed cheese using vegetables mixture that had a highly physicochemical composition and rheological and sensory characteristics.Methods: This study was conducted to improve the nutritional and functional qualities of processed cheese using several vegetables (flavored-processed cheese, FPC) (mushrooms, dill, leeks, parsley, celery, green peas, green beans, squash, potatoes, and carrots) with ratios of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%.Results: Our data on nutritional values for FPC samples contain extra micro and macro-nutrient components, such as vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, amino acids, and unsaturated fatty acids, compared to the control cheese. Adding the vegetable mixture was accepted by the consumers and can contribute to the production and development of a new and safe type of processed cheese that has an excellent nutritional value, functional properties, and overall acceptability. Ratios of 5% and 7.5% were observed as the best samples.Conclusion: We recommend that vegetables should be used as a natural food additive for technological purposes. These are necessary sources of human health-promotion by nutritional and functional food properties of various dairy products.Keywords: Processed cheese, vegetables, nutritional values, amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45633014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Bioactive compounds are naturally occurring compounds in plants and animal products. They are known to have a variety of physiological functions in the body system such as: promoting general body development and prevention of the occurrence of some deadly diseases. The high burden of treatment of some deadly diseases like cancer, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases has raised the need for scientists to generate empirical evidence on preventing these diseases using a dietary approach. Nuts have been identified as plants with potential to improve human health and prevent diseases when consumed adequately because of their rich constituents. This research work was conducted to evaluate and elucidate the bioactive components of locally grown nuts and their potential health benefits. Methods: The Phenolic compounds, phytosterols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols contents of the nuts were analyzed using standard methods. Results: Fourteen phenolic compounds were detected in the two nuts with cinnamic and gallic acids detected in appreciable amounts in groundnuts and caffeic acid in cashew nut. The total amount of tocopherols in cashew nut was 14.08 mg/100g and 37.95 mg/100g in groundnut and the total tocotrienol was 0.85 and 4.00 × 10-3 mg/100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively. Both samples have high quantity of sistosterol (251.36mg/100g and 238.95 mg/ 100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively) with cashew nut having significantly higher amount. Conclusion: The results showed that the nuts are rich in bioactive compounds and could be considered as natural sources of bioactive compounds that can be obtained from diets rich in these nuts to prevent the occurrence of certain deadly human diseases that are of high burden worldwide. Keywords: Phenolic Compounds, Tocopherols, Groundnuts, Cashew nuts
{"title":"Bioactive components of two species of locally grown nuts: Their potential health benefits and implications for healthy living","authors":"A. Olatunya","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v4i12.869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v4i12.869","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bioactive compounds are naturally occurring compounds in plants and animal products. They are known to have a variety of physiological functions in the body system such as: promoting general body development and prevention of the occurrence of some deadly diseases. The high burden of treatment of some deadly diseases like cancer, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases has raised the need for scientists to generate empirical evidence on preventing these diseases using a dietary approach. Nuts have been identified as plants with potential to improve human health and prevent diseases when consumed adequately because of their rich constituents. This research work was conducted to evaluate and elucidate the bioactive components of locally grown nuts and their potential health benefits. Methods: The Phenolic compounds, phytosterols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols contents of the nuts were analyzed using standard methods. Results: Fourteen phenolic compounds were detected in the two nuts with cinnamic and gallic acids detected in appreciable amounts in groundnuts and caffeic acid in cashew nut. The total amount of tocopherols in cashew nut was 14.08 mg/100g and 37.95 mg/100g in groundnut and the total tocotrienol was 0.85 and 4.00 × 10-3 mg/100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively. Both samples have high quantity of sistosterol (251.36mg/100g and 238.95 mg/ 100g for cashew nut and groundnut respectively) with cashew nut having significantly higher amount. Conclusion: The results showed that the nuts are rich in bioactive compounds and could be considered as natural sources of bioactive compounds that can be obtained from diets rich in these nuts to prevent the occurrence of certain deadly human diseases that are of high burden worldwide. Keywords: Phenolic Compounds, Tocopherols, Groundnuts, Cashew nuts","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45442321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryo Okada, Hazuki Abe, T. Okuyama, Yuto Nishidono, Toshinari Ishii, Tatsuki Sato, Saki Shirako, Ken Tanaka, Y. Ikeya, M. Nishizawa
Background: The roots of Angelica dahurica Bentham et Hooker filius ex Franchet et Savatier (Apiaceae) have traditionally been used for inflammatory skin diseases. A. dahurica roots (Byakushi) contain furanocoumarins, such as imperatorin and byakangelicin. To elucidate which constituents are responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects, we evaluated the potency of crude A. dahurica root extract fractions by monitoring the production of the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) in hepatocytes.Methods: The dried roots of A. dahurica were collected in South Korea and extracted with methanol. The resulting extract was fractionated into ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble, n-butanol-soluble, and water-soluble fractions. Primary cultured rat hepatocytes were treated with interleukin (IL)-1β and each fraction for 8 h, and then the NO production and lactate dehydrogenase activity in the medium were measured. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was detected by Western blotting, and its mRNA expression level was measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results: Among the three fractions, the EtOAc-soluble fraction markedly suppressed NO production without showing cytotoxicity and decreased iNOS expression in hepatocytes. From this hydrophobic fraction, we isolated five furanocoumarins: isoimperatorin, imperatorin, phellopterin, oxypeucedanin, and oxypeucedanin methanolate. Phellopterin and oxypeucedanin methanolate significantly suppressed NO production and reduced the mRNA expression of iNOS and tumor necrosis factor α. In contrast, the other three constituents did not affect NO production. Comparison of their chemical structures suggests that a methoxy group at carbon 5 and a side chain at carbon 8 in the furanocoumarin skeleton may be essential for NO production suppression.Conclusion: These data imply that phellopterin and oxypeucedanin methanolate, which are hydrophobic furanocoumarins, may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of A. dahurica roots by suppressing iNOS gene expression.Keywords: Inflammation, nitric oxide, hepatocyte, coumarin, Kampo medicine
背景:白芷(Angelica dahurica Bentham et Hooker filius ex Franchet et Savatier)的根(Apiaceae)传统上用于炎症性皮肤病。白芷根含有呋喃香豆素，如欧前胡素和白芷素。为了阐明哪些成分对抗炎作用负责，我们通过监测肝细胞中炎症介质一氧化氮(NO)的产生来评估粗白芷根提取物的效力。方法:在韩国采集白芷干根，用甲醇提取。所得提取物分为乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)溶、正丁醇溶和水溶性部分。用白细胞介素(IL)-1β及各组分处理原代培养的大鼠肝细胞8 h，测定培养基中NO产量和乳酸脱氢酶活性。Western blotting法检测诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS)的表达，逆转录-聚合酶链反应法检测iNOS mRNA的表达水平。结果:三组分中乙酸乙酯可溶组分明显抑制肝细胞NO生成，且无细胞毒性，同时降低肝细胞iNOS表达。从这个疏水馏分中，我们分离出五种呋喃香豆素:异欧前胡素、欧前胡素、黄柏黄素、氧去核桃红素和氧去核桃红素甲醇酸。黄柏苷和甲酸氧去核苷显著抑制NO的产生，降低iNOS和肿瘤坏死因子α的mRNA表达。相比之下，其他三种成分对NO的产生没有影响。它们的化学结构比较表明，呋喃香豆素骨架中5号碳上的甲氧基和8号碳上的侧链可能是抑制NO生成所必需的。结论:疏水性呋喃香豆素黄檗碱和甲基羟去核黄素可能通过抑制iNOS基因表达参与白芷根的抗炎作用。关键词:炎症，一氧化氮，肝细胞，香豆素，汉布药
{"title":"Comparison of the anti-inflammatory activities of furanocoumarins from the roots of Angelica dahurica","authors":"Ryo Okada, Hazuki Abe, T. Okuyama, Yuto Nishidono, Toshinari Ishii, Tatsuki Sato, Saki Shirako, Ken Tanaka, Y. Ikeya, M. Nishizawa","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v4i12.866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v4i12.866","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The roots of Angelica dahurica Bentham et Hooker filius ex Franchet et Savatier (Apiaceae) have traditionally been used for inflammatory skin diseases. A. dahurica roots (Byakushi) contain furanocoumarins, such as imperatorin and byakangelicin. To elucidate which constituents are responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects, we evaluated the potency of crude A. dahurica root extract fractions by monitoring the production of the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) in hepatocytes.Methods: The dried roots of A. dahurica were collected in South Korea and extracted with methanol. The resulting extract was fractionated into ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble, n-butanol-soluble, and water-soluble fractions. Primary cultured rat hepatocytes were treated with interleukin (IL)-1β and each fraction for 8 h, and then the NO production and lactate dehydrogenase activity in the medium were measured. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was detected by Western blotting, and its mRNA expression level was measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Results: Among the three fractions, the EtOAc-soluble fraction markedly suppressed NO production without showing cytotoxicity and decreased iNOS expression in hepatocytes. From this hydrophobic fraction, we isolated five furanocoumarins: isoimperatorin, imperatorin, phellopterin, oxypeucedanin, and oxypeucedanin methanolate. Phellopterin and oxypeucedanin methanolate significantly suppressed NO production and reduced the mRNA expression of iNOS and tumor necrosis factor α. In contrast, the other three constituents did not affect NO production. Comparison of their chemical structures suggests that a methoxy group at carbon 5 and a side chain at carbon 8 in the furanocoumarin skeleton may be essential for NO production suppression.Conclusion: These data imply that phellopterin and oxypeucedanin methanolate, which are hydrophobic furanocoumarins, may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of A. dahurica roots by suppressing iNOS gene expression.Keywords: Inflammation, nitric oxide, hepatocyte, coumarin, Kampo medicine","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45666102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Panghal, Anjali Onakkaramadom Shaji, K. Nain, M. K. Garg, Navnidhi Chhikara
Cnidoscolus aconitifolius belonging to Euphorbiaceae family is widely used as a folk medicine among South American countries such as Mexico and Brazil. C. aconitifolius can be considered as a potential green leafy vegetable, largely due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. The different bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, Alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids etc. along with terpenoids with unique structure are exclusive for this genus. C. aconitifolius has numerous nutraceutical benefits proven with pharmacological studies such as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial etc. The recent upsurge of consumer interest for health promoting products has opened up new vistas for C. aconitifolius application in food product research and development. Limited knowledge about this underutilized plant is representing an opportunity to explore the plant as novel ingredient with vast functional attributes. Keywords: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, phytochemicals, nutraceutical potential, biological activity, diabetes
{"title":"Cnidoscolus aconitifolius: Nutritional, phytochemical composition and health benefits – A review","authors":"A. Panghal, Anjali Onakkaramadom Shaji, K. Nain, M. K. Garg, Navnidhi Chhikara","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v4i11.865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v4i11.865","url":null,"abstract":"Cnidoscolus aconitifolius belonging to Euphorbiaceae family is widely used as a folk medicine among South American countries such as Mexico and Brazil. C. aconitifolius can be considered as a potential green leafy vegetable, largely due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. The different bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, Alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids etc. along with terpenoids with unique structure are exclusive for this genus. C. aconitifolius has numerous nutraceutical benefits proven with pharmacological studies such as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-microbial etc. The recent upsurge of consumer interest for health promoting products has opened up new vistas for C. aconitifolius application in food product research and development. Limited knowledge about this underutilized plant is representing an opportunity to explore the plant as novel ingredient with vast functional attributes. Keywords: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, phytochemicals, nutraceutical potential, biological activity, diabetes","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48521779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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