Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1174
Laura Ghalachyan, Stepan Mairapetyan, Аnoush Vardanyan, Lusya Hovhannisyan, Mahsa Daryadar, Khachatur Mairapetyan, Aristakes Ghahramanyan, Anahit Hakobjanyan, Anna Tadevosyan
Background: Technogenic and natural radionuclides (RN) along the biogeochemical chains of agrocenoses may enter the human body through irrigation water- soil- plants- agricultural animals, likewise in hydroponic systems through nutrient solution substrate plants, leading to the development of dangerous diseases. Thus, control of herbal raw material’s gross β-radioactivity and obtaining radioactively safe medicinal raw material are priority issues. Since 1996 we have carried out radio monitoring research in the Ararat valley (where the Armenian Nuclear Power Plant (ANPP) is located) in water, soil, and plant systems in zones of the ANPP with a radius of 2-15, 20 (the territory of Ashtarak city), 30 km (Yerevan, territory of Institute of Hydroponics Problems) (IHP), as well as Dilijan Forest Experimental Station (DFES) (the zone of ANPP with 90 km radius). Studies have shown that in natural waters (artesian water, Hrazdan, Qasakh, Metsamor rivers), soils and in various crops (vegetables, fruit of trees, etc.) of Ararat Valley the content of technogenic RN 90Sr (T1/2=28.6 years) and 137Cs (T1/2=30.1 years) did not exceed maximum allowable concentrations (for drinking water MAC 90Sr=5.0 Bq/L, MAC 137Cs=11.0 Bq/L; for vegetables and fruits MAC 90Sr=50 Bq/L, MAC 137Cs=130 Bq/L). Based on these studies, a complex of practical recommendations in this region will give the opportunity of obtaining ecologically pure agricultural products.Objective: Considering that the accumulation of RN in medicinal plants poses a particularly great threat to obtaining radioecologically safe medicinal raw materials, during 2017-2022 we studied the specificities of gross β-radioactivity and accumulation of controlled technogenic RN (90Sr and 137Cs) in medicinal plants under hydroponics and soil conditions in the Ararat valley (the zone of ANPP with 30 km radius). This has a specific practical significance, as it will enable to obtain the most radio-ecologically safe plant material.Methods: Gross β-radioactivity and content of 90Sr and 137Cs of samples (artesian water (irrigation water), nutrient solution, soil layers with depth of 0 - 30 cm and number of medicinal plants) in it were defined with radio-chemical extraction methods through the radiometer UMF-1500 (made in Russia) with low background. 90Sr was determined by the oxalate method with 90Y. RN were determined in dry sediments of waters, nutrient solution, the ash of plants, and soils. The following chemical reagents were used for the analysis: C2H2O4, HNO3, HCl, CH3COOH, CsCl, Y2O3, YCl3, K2SO4, KI, Sr(NO3)2, CeCl3, Ni(NO3)2, SbCl3, K4[Fe(CN)6] 3H2O and others.Results: The radio-chemical studies showed that the gross β-radioactivity of herbs in hydroponics fluctuated between 250 – 740 Bq/kg, and in soil: 140 – 690 Bq/kg. Thus, the medicinal raw material from the medicinal plants cultivated in outdoor hydroponics and soil, is radioecologically safe, since its gross β-radioactivity does not exceed the threshold of 1.0
{"title":"The study of gross beta-radioactivity of some medicinal plants in conditions of outdoor hydroponics and soil culture in Ararat Valley","authors":"Laura Ghalachyan, Stepan Mairapetyan, Аnoush Vardanyan, Lusya Hovhannisyan, Mahsa Daryadar, Khachatur Mairapetyan, Aristakes Ghahramanyan, Anahit Hakobjanyan, Anna Tadevosyan","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1174","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Technogenic and natural radionuclides (RN) along the biogeochemical chains of agrocenoses may enter the human body through irrigation water- soil- plants- agricultural animals, likewise in hydroponic systems through nutrient solution substrate plants, leading to the development of dangerous diseases. Thus, control of herbal raw material’s gross β-radioactivity and obtaining radioactively safe medicinal raw material are priority issues. Since 1996 we have carried out radio monitoring research in the Ararat valley (where the Armenian Nuclear Power Plant (ANPP) is located) in water, soil, and plant systems in zones of the ANPP with a radius of 2-15, 20 (the territory of Ashtarak city), 30 km (Yerevan, territory of Institute of Hydroponics Problems) (IHP), as well as Dilijan Forest Experimental Station (DFES) (the zone of ANPP with 90 km radius). Studies have shown that in natural waters (artesian water, Hrazdan, Qasakh, Metsamor rivers), soils and in various crops (vegetables, fruit of trees, etc.) of Ararat Valley the content of technogenic RN 90Sr (T1/2=28.6 years) and 137Cs (T1/2=30.1 years) did not exceed maximum allowable concentrations (for drinking water MAC 90Sr=5.0 Bq/L, MAC 137Cs=11.0 Bq/L; for vegetables and fruits MAC 90Sr=50 Bq/L, MAC 137Cs=130 Bq/L). Based on these studies, a complex of practical recommendations in this region will give the opportunity of obtaining ecologically pure agricultural products.Objective: Considering that the accumulation of RN in medicinal plants poses a particularly great threat to obtaining radioecologically safe medicinal raw materials, during 2017-2022 we studied the specificities of gross β-radioactivity and accumulation of controlled technogenic RN (90Sr and 137Cs) in medicinal plants under hydroponics and soil conditions in the Ararat valley (the zone of ANPP with 30 km radius). This has a specific practical significance, as it will enable to obtain the most radio-ecologically safe plant material.Methods: Gross β-radioactivity and content of 90Sr and 137Cs of samples (artesian water (irrigation water), nutrient solution, soil layers with depth of 0 - 30 cm and number of medicinal plants) in it were defined with radio-chemical extraction methods through the radiometer UMF-1500 (made in Russia) with low background. 90Sr was determined by the oxalate method with 90Y. RN were determined in dry sediments of waters, nutrient solution, the ash of plants, and soils. The following chemical reagents were used for the analysis: C2H2O4, HNO3, HCl, CH3COOH, CsCl, Y2O3, YCl3, K2SO4, KI, Sr(NO3)2, CeCl3, Ni(NO3)2, SbCl3, K4[Fe(CN)6] 3H2O and others.Results: The radio-chemical studies showed that the gross β-radioactivity of herbs in hydroponics fluctuated between 250 – 740 Bq/kg, and in soil: 140 – 690 Bq/kg. Thus, the medicinal raw material from the medicinal plants cultivated in outdoor hydroponics and soil, is radioecologically safe, since its gross β-radioactivity does not exceed the threshold of 1.0","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135854310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1145
Marcello Iriti, Elena Maria Varoni, Sara Vitalini
The flavonoid rutin was first isolated from rue (Ruta graveolens L.) and is used therapeutically as a capillary stabilizing and vasoprotective agent to reduce capillary fragility, although no health claims have been approved in the EU. This article briefly focuses on physicochemical properties, occurrence in foods and oral bioavailability of rutin, with emphasis on human studies. According to the available information, rutin can be considered a promising bioactive compound, despite the paucity of clinical trials. In addition to its therapeutic relevance in pathological and pathophysiological conditions, dietary rutin can also contribute to improve the physiological status of the organism in healthy subjects, thus preventing the onset of non-communicable chronic degenerative diseases.Keywords: Flavonoids; polyphenols; phenylpropanoids; bioactive phytochemicals; biological activity; oral bioavailability pharmacokinetics; safety; rutin
{"title":"Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease – Focus on Rutin","authors":"Marcello Iriti, Elena Maria Varoni, Sara Vitalini","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1145","url":null,"abstract":"The flavonoid rutin was first isolated from rue (Ruta graveolens L.) and is used therapeutically as a capillary stabilizing and vasoprotective agent to reduce capillary fragility, although no health claims have been approved in the EU. This article briefly focuses on physicochemical properties, occurrence in foods and oral bioavailability of rutin, with emphasis on human studies. According to the available information, rutin can be considered a promising bioactive compound, despite the paucity of clinical trials. In addition to its therapeutic relevance in pathological and pathophysiological conditions, dietary rutin can also contribute to improve the physiological status of the organism in healthy subjects, thus preventing the onset of non-communicable chronic degenerative diseases.Keywords: Flavonoids; polyphenols; phenylpropanoids; bioactive phytochemicals; biological activity; oral bioavailability pharmacokinetics; safety; rutin","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1180
Fadwa W. Abdulqahar, Mohammed A. Morgab, Feryal F. Hussein, Yulia Apyantseva, Tamer M. El-Messery
Background: Jujube (Chinese date) is a fruit with a pleasant, sweet taste, traditionally used as sedative to treat insomnia and anxiety. Objective: The study aims to explore the potential of these bioactive compounds in exerting anti-anxiety and anti-Alzheimer's disease effects. Methods: Molecular docking, ADME, and molecular dynamics studies were carried out for the green-extracted phytochemicals against acetylcholinesterase and Beta-amyloid proteins for Anti-Alzheimer’s disease effect and serotonin receptor for anti-anxiety activity. Our results suggest that compound (2,3,6,7-tetramethyl-10-(4-methylphenylsulfonyloxy)-1,4,4.alpha.,5,8,8a.beta.,9.b) showed good binding affinity of -10.3 with acetylcholinesterase (4EY7) as anti-Alzheimer’s disease and the compound andrographolide with serotonin transporter (6VRH) showed binding affinity of -9.7 for anxiety. Compounds with the best docking scores were subjected to molecular dynamic simulations.Results: These compounds revealed the best stability. Conclusion: These findings are promising for manufacturing new functional foods, nutraceuticals, food supplements, and/or pharmaceuticals which may play a good and safe role in treating Alzheimer disease and anxiety. While further biological studies must be carried out, our computational studies suggest that these compounds have potent activity.Keywords: Ziziphus jujuba; Bioactive compounds; Neurological disorders disease; Molecular docking, ADME and Molecular dynamics.
{"title":"In silico analyses of bioactive compounds extracted from ziziphus jujuba using supercritical CO2 extraction: Potential anti-anxiety and anti-Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Fadwa W. Abdulqahar, Mohammed A. Morgab, Feryal F. Hussein, Yulia Apyantseva, Tamer M. El-Messery","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i10.1180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Jujube (Chinese date) is a fruit with a pleasant, sweet taste, traditionally used as sedative to treat insomnia and anxiety. Objective: The study aims to explore the potential of these bioactive compounds in exerting anti-anxiety and anti-Alzheimer's disease effects. Methods: Molecular docking, ADME, and molecular dynamics studies were carried out for the green-extracted phytochemicals against acetylcholinesterase and Beta-amyloid proteins for Anti-Alzheimer’s disease effect and serotonin receptor for anti-anxiety activity. Our results suggest that compound (2,3,6,7-tetramethyl-10-(4-methylphenylsulfonyloxy)-1,4,4.alpha.,5,8,8a.beta.,9.b) showed good binding affinity of -10.3 with acetylcholinesterase (4EY7) as anti-Alzheimer’s disease and the compound andrographolide with serotonin transporter (6VRH) showed binding affinity of -9.7 for anxiety. Compounds with the best docking scores were subjected to molecular dynamic simulations.Results: These compounds revealed the best stability. Conclusion: These findings are promising for manufacturing new functional foods, nutraceuticals, food supplements, and/or pharmaceuticals which may play a good and safe role in treating Alzheimer disease and anxiety. While further biological studies must be carried out, our computational studies suggest that these compounds have potent activity.Keywords: Ziziphus jujuba; Bioactive compounds; Neurological disorders disease; Molecular docking, ADME and Molecular dynamics.","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nashwa El-Khouly, Eman S. M. Bayoumy, Wagenat E. Ali, Alshaimaa M. M. Eid, Mahmoud R. Sofy, Sara M. Fakhrelden, Sohaila M. H. Marmoush, Ghada F. Elmohaseb, Eman A. Khlifa, Eman M. I. Youssef
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) individuals are more prone to acquire type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the knowledge regarding this phenomenon is limited to individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM). Vitamin D deficiency may lead to a more pronounced shift in an individual's glucose metabolism. Moreover, hepatocytes and peripheral tissues may potentially benefit from vitamin D in terms of reducing insulin resistance induced by free fatty acids. Objective: In this study, serum vitamin D levels were examined in patients with NAFLD with T2DM, and its relationship with NAFLD without DM was evaluated.Subjects and Methods: A total of 120 subjects were included in this study, divided into three groups: Group I included 30 healthy subjects matched for sex and age, Group II included 50 patients with NAFLD who had diabetes, and Group III included 40 subjects without diabetes. Three groups were compared regarding clinical and biochemical characteristics concerning serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results: According to this study, people with NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound examination Group II had significantly reduced serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D compared to patients without NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound examination Group II. There was a statistically significant difference between groups and 25(OH) vitamin D levels than group III. In addition, a highly significant difference in serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels was observed between groups II and III and the control group. Moreover, 25(OH) vitamin D is an independent predictor of T2DM in patients with NAFLD.Conclusion: Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were lower in patients with NAFLD and DM, indicating that low 25(OH) vitamin D status contributes to the onset and progression of diabetes mellitus in NAFLD.Keywords:25-hydroxy vitamin D[25(OH)D)], Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Vitamin D Levels in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type II Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients","authors":"Nashwa El-Khouly, Eman S. M. Bayoumy, Wagenat E. Ali, Alshaimaa M. M. Eid, Mahmoud R. Sofy, Sara M. Fakhrelden, Sohaila M. H. Marmoush, Ghada F. Elmohaseb, Eman A. Khlifa, Eman M. I. Youssef","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i9.1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i9.1128","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) individuals are more prone to acquire type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the knowledge regarding this phenomenon is limited to individuals without diabetes mellitus (DM). Vitamin D deficiency may lead to a more pronounced shift in an individual's glucose metabolism. Moreover, hepatocytes and peripheral tissues may potentially benefit from vitamin D in terms of reducing insulin resistance induced by free fatty acids. Objective: In this study, serum vitamin D levels were examined in patients with NAFLD with T2DM, and its relationship with NAFLD without DM was evaluated.Subjects and Methods: A total of 120 subjects were included in this study, divided into three groups: Group I included 30 healthy subjects matched for sex and age, Group II included 50 patients with NAFLD who had diabetes, and Group III included 40 subjects without diabetes. Three groups were compared regarding clinical and biochemical characteristics concerning serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results: According to this study, people with NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound examination Group II had significantly reduced serum levels of 25(OH) vitamin D compared to patients without NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound examination Group II. There was a statistically significant difference between groups and 25(OH) vitamin D levels than group III. In addition, a highly significant difference in serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels was observed between groups II and III and the control group. Moreover, 25(OH) vitamin D is an independent predictor of T2DM in patients with NAFLD.Conclusion: Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were lower in patients with NAFLD and DM, indicating that low 25(OH) vitamin D status contributes to the onset and progression of diabetes mellitus in NAFLD.Keywords:25-hydroxy vitamin D[25(OH)D)], Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leena Rajathy Port Louis, Prithiviraj Nagarajan, Pavithra Muthiah, Ravikumar Sambandam
Background: Diabetes is a complex metabolic disease manifested by raised glucose levels in the blood and impaired insulin function leading to various organ complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Baicalin, a flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has garnered substantial attention for its diverse beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti- apoptotic properties, etc. Intriguingly, in vivo studies in rats have further unveiled baicalin’s potential to directly modulate pancreatic beta cells, suggesting a promising role as an anti-diabetic agent.Objective: The purpose of this study is to comprehensively explore the anti-diabetic effect of baicalin, focusing on key parameters such as plasma insulin levels, glucose levels, hemoglobin, and glycated hemoglobin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, we sought to explore Baicalin’s ability to provide renal protection by evaluating serum renal markers. Methodology: This study involved a total of 30 Wistar albino male rats. Diabetes was created in rats by a single intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection (40 mg/kg). After 72 hours, the rats with diabetes were segregated into four treatment groups (Group II to Group V) comprising 6 animals each. Group I consists of six normal control rats (without diabetes). The groups received different treatment protocols, including normal saline, DMSO, Baicalin (50 mg/kg/day), and glibenclamide (6 mg/kg/day) for 45 days. Throughout the study, meticulous observations were made regarding the animals’ general appearance, body weight, behavior, and their fasting glucose levels in venous blood.Results: Oral dosing with Baicalin at the rate of 50 mg/kg body weight revealed notable enhancements in insulin secretion and hemoglobin levels, alongside notable reductions in blood levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin compared to the glibenclamide-treated type 2 diabetic rats. Additionally, Baicalin displayed a protective action on renal tissue, as shown by reduced serum creatinine, uric acid, and urea levels.Conclusion: Our investigation unveils Baicalin’s potential as a promising anti-diabetic agent with the added benefit of renal tissue protection. The observed improvements in various physiological parameters warrant further exploration of Baicalin’s therapeutic mechanisms and clinical applications, presenting it as a compelling candidate for diabetes management and diabetic nephropathy prevention. IAEC Approval No: AVMC/IAEC/2019/07/25/08 Keywords: Baicalin, Blood glucose, Diabetes, Male wistar rats, Streptozotocin
{"title":"Baicalin: A potential therapeutic agent for diabetes and renal protection","authors":"Leena Rajathy Port Louis, Prithiviraj Nagarajan, Pavithra Muthiah, Ravikumar Sambandam","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i9.1148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i9.1148","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is a complex metabolic disease manifested by raised glucose levels in the blood and impaired insulin function leading to various organ complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Baicalin, a flavonoid derived from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has garnered substantial attention for its diverse beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti- apoptotic properties, etc. Intriguingly, in vivo studies in rats have further unveiled baicalin’s potential to directly modulate pancreatic beta cells, suggesting a promising role as an anti-diabetic agent.Objective: The purpose of this study is to comprehensively explore the anti-diabetic effect of baicalin, focusing on key parameters such as plasma insulin levels, glucose levels, hemoglobin, and glycated hemoglobin levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, we sought to explore Baicalin’s ability to provide renal protection by evaluating serum renal markers. Methodology: This study involved a total of 30 Wistar albino male rats. Diabetes was created in rats by a single intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection (40 mg/kg). After 72 hours, the rats with diabetes were segregated into four treatment groups (Group II to Group V) comprising 6 animals each. Group I consists of six normal control rats (without diabetes). The groups received different treatment protocols, including normal saline, DMSO, Baicalin (50 mg/kg/day), and glibenclamide (6 mg/kg/day) for 45 days. Throughout the study, meticulous observations were made regarding the animals’ general appearance, body weight, behavior, and their fasting glucose levels in venous blood.Results: Oral dosing with Baicalin at the rate of 50 mg/kg body weight revealed notable enhancements in insulin secretion and hemoglobin levels, alongside notable reductions in blood levels of glucose and glycated hemoglobin compared to the glibenclamide-treated type 2 diabetic rats. Additionally, Baicalin displayed a protective action on renal tissue, as shown by reduced serum creatinine, uric acid, and urea levels.Conclusion: Our investigation unveils Baicalin’s potential as a promising anti-diabetic agent with the added benefit of renal tissue protection. The observed improvements in various physiological parameters warrant further exploration of Baicalin’s therapeutic mechanisms and clinical applications, presenting it as a compelling candidate for diabetes management and diabetic nephropathy prevention. IAEC Approval No: AVMC/IAEC/2019/07/25/08 Keywords: Baicalin, Blood glucose, Diabetes, Male wistar rats, Streptozotocin","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135939030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olatayo A. Afolabi, O. Kayode, A. Kayode, G. Ajayi
Background: Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are widely consumed vegetables globally, and are well known for their nutrients and economic value. This research aimed to create a tomato powder with improved nutraceutical benefits based on its ingredients. Methods: Fresh tomatoes, ginger, and dried hibiscus calyx were obtained and dehydrated at 45°C for 10 hours, 8 hours, and 1 hour and 30 minutes respectively. Proximate, elemental, phytochemical, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GCMS) analysis of the tomato powder mix were determined using standard methods.Results: The proximate analysis revealed constituents of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, ash, fiber, and moisture as 65, 5, 10, 1, 7, and 12 % respectively. The GCMS also revealed 36 classes of compounds with different retention times. The most prominent peak is oleic acid with an RT value of 20.9. The fiber content of the tomato powder mix was higher than what is obtainable in fresh tomatoes. Bioactive compounds like stigmasterol (5.25%), oleic acids (49.11%), n-hexadecenoic acid (26.58%), campesterol (2.72%), and octadecanoic acid (6.8%) are notably present with lycopene (135.745 mg/100 grams). Conclusion:The tomato powder mix is nutrient-packed and non-toxic. The bioactive components are known as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular health enhancers, etc showing the possible use of the powder as a functional food.Keywords: Tomatoes powder, bioactive compounds, functional foods, dehydration
{"title":"Chemical analysis of novel ginger and Hibiscus sabdariffa bio-preserved tomato powder","authors":"Olatayo A. Afolabi, O. Kayode, A. Kayode, G. Ajayi","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i8.1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i8.1129","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are widely consumed vegetables globally, and are well known for their nutrients and economic value. This research aimed to create a tomato powder with improved nutraceutical benefits based on its ingredients. Methods: Fresh tomatoes, ginger, and dried hibiscus calyx were obtained and dehydrated at 45°C for 10 hours, 8 hours, and 1 hour and 30 minutes respectively. Proximate, elemental, phytochemical, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GCMS) analysis of the tomato powder mix were determined using standard methods.Results: The proximate analysis revealed constituents of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, ash, fiber, and moisture as 65, 5, 10, 1, 7, and 12 % respectively. The GCMS also revealed 36 classes of compounds with different retention times. The most prominent peak is oleic acid with an RT value of 20.9. The fiber content of the tomato powder mix was higher than what is obtainable in fresh tomatoes. Bioactive compounds like stigmasterol (5.25%), oleic acids (49.11%), n-hexadecenoic acid (26.58%), campesterol (2.72%), and octadecanoic acid (6.8%) are notably present with lycopene (135.745 mg/100 grams). Conclusion:The tomato powder mix is nutrient-packed and non-toxic. The bioactive components are known as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular health enhancers, etc showing the possible use of the powder as a functional food.Keywords: Tomatoes powder, bioactive compounds, functional foods, dehydration","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43133125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increasing demand for functional foods, stemming from the growing health consciousness among consumers and their preference for products that provide more than just basic nutrition, presents both opportunities and challenges for regulatory agencies, notably the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Functional foods lack a specific regulatory category, leading to uncertainties for manufacturers and consumers. Collaboration between the FDA and the Functional Food Center (FFC) is proposed as a solution to enhance functional food regulation. The FFC's expertise in biomedical sciences and its 17-step process for defining functional foods can contribute valuable scientific research and aid the FDA's evaluation process. By fostering collaboration, both organizations can ensure consumer protection and promote public health while meeting the growing demand for functional foods. Keywords:Functional foods, health claims, regulation, functional food definition, consumer demand, collaboration
{"title":"Advancing functional food regulation","authors":"D. Martirosyan, Sarah Stratton","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i7.1178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i7.1178","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for functional foods, stemming from the growing health consciousness among consumers and their preference for products that provide more than just basic nutrition, presents both opportunities and challenges for regulatory agencies, notably the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Functional foods lack a specific regulatory category, leading to uncertainties for manufacturers and consumers. Collaboration between the FDA and the Functional Food Center (FFC) is proposed as a solution to enhance functional food regulation. The FFC's expertise in biomedical sciences and its 17-step process for defining functional foods can contribute valuable scientific research and aid the FDA's evaluation process. By fostering collaboration, both organizations can ensure consumer protection and promote public health while meeting the growing demand for functional foods. Keywords:Functional foods, health claims, regulation, functional food definition, consumer demand, collaboration","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45628466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tjie Kok, Auw Natasha Felicia Karnadi, M. T. Goeltom, Rachmad Poedyo Armanto
Background: Lime peel, derived from Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, is an ingredient that is frequently discarded despite possessing exceptionally high functional food properties. It contains phytochemicals with health-promoting properties, several of which are reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the specific mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory properties have not been elaborated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of lime peel as a functional food ingredient for chronic inflammation treatment via the inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) activity. MIF is a pro-inflammatory mediator that plays a vital role in the progression of inflammation. This activity of MIF is associated with the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation.Methods: The inhibition of MIF activity could be used as an approach to identify the potential use of a functional food ingredient for chronic inflammation treatment. This study focused on the investigation of the inhibitory potential, reversibility, and kinetics of lime mesocarp extract on MIF tautomerase activity.Results: The results showed that the lime mesocarp extract can inhibit MIF tautomerase activity with an IC50 of 70.42 mg/L in a reversible manner, demonstrating its safe potential for use. The kinetic evaluation predicted that the inhibition occurs not only at the enzyme binding pocket but also at the other site(s) of MIF, speculating the possibility of disruption in MIF pro-inflammatory activity.Conclusion: The potential safe use of lime peel as a functional food ingredient for chronic inflammation treatment has been identified.Keywords: Lime peel, functional food ingredient, chronic inflammation, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, reversible inhibitor.
{"title":"Lime peel as a potential functional ingredient for chronic inflammation treatment","authors":"Tjie Kok, Auw Natasha Felicia Karnadi, M. T. Goeltom, Rachmad Poedyo Armanto","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i7.1136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i7.1136","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lime peel, derived from Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, is an ingredient that is frequently discarded despite possessing exceptionally high functional food properties. It contains phytochemicals with health-promoting properties, several of which are reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the specific mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory properties have not been elaborated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of lime peel as a functional food ingredient for chronic inflammation treatment via the inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) activity. MIF is a pro-inflammatory mediator that plays a vital role in the progression of inflammation. This activity of MIF is associated with the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation.Methods: The inhibition of MIF activity could be used as an approach to identify the potential use of a functional food ingredient for chronic inflammation treatment. This study focused on the investigation of the inhibitory potential, reversibility, and kinetics of lime mesocarp extract on MIF tautomerase activity.Results: The results showed that the lime mesocarp extract can inhibit MIF tautomerase activity with an IC50 of 70.42 mg/L in a reversible manner, demonstrating its safe potential for use. The kinetic evaluation predicted that the inhibition occurs not only at the enzyme binding pocket but also at the other site(s) of MIF, speculating the possibility of disruption in MIF pro-inflammatory activity.Conclusion: The potential safe use of lime peel as a functional food ingredient for chronic inflammation treatment has been identified.Keywords: Lime peel, functional food ingredient, chronic inflammation, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, reversible inhibitor.","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42767099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Noni, also known as Morinda citrifolia L., is a perennial herb with Southeast Asian origins that has been used medicinally for over 2000 years. Noni drew the interest of researchers from the pharmaceutical and food industries due to its adaptability and utilization of the plant's structures for various food applications. The essential industrial products of this plant are beverages, leaf powders, oil from seeds, and powders from dried fruits. Objective: This study aimed to incorporate noni fruit powder with different concentrations to extend the cookie’s shelf life and nutritional properties. Methods: In the formulation of the cookies, noni fruit powder was fortified with four different concentrations (5% - NFPFC5, 10% -NFPFC10, 15% - NFPFC15, and 20% - NFPFC20) with wheat flour. The physical properties, antioxidant activity, and sensory characteristics of cookies fortified with noni fruit powder were studied. Results: There was no significant change in the physical properties of fortified cookies with noni fruit powder. The antioxidant properties were enhanced with the higher concentrations of fruit noni powder fortified with cookies. Sensory panelists preferred cookies with 5% noni (NFPFC5) concerning organoleptic characteristics. Conclusion: The present study is to understand the herb's value by recommending the nutritional qualities and sensory evaluation of noni fruit powder cookies. Future studies on the use of noni fruit powder in different food industries with its applications in terms of safety and quality are necessary.Keywords: Noni powder, antioxidant, Morinda citrifolia, sensory acceptance, cookies.
{"title":"Fortified noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) cookies: formulation, properties, antioxidant activity, sensory traits","authors":"Anjushree M, S. A, S. L, S. Cs","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i7.1150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i7.1150","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Noni, also known as Morinda citrifolia L., is a perennial herb with Southeast Asian origins that has been used medicinally for over 2000 years. Noni drew the interest of researchers from the pharmaceutical and food industries due to its adaptability and utilization of the plant's structures for various food applications. The essential industrial products of this plant are beverages, leaf powders, oil from seeds, and powders from dried fruits. Objective: This study aimed to incorporate noni fruit powder with different concentrations to extend the cookie’s shelf life and nutritional properties. Methods: In the formulation of the cookies, noni fruit powder was fortified with four different concentrations (5% - NFPFC5, 10% -NFPFC10, 15% - NFPFC15, and 20% - NFPFC20) with wheat flour. The physical properties, antioxidant activity, and sensory characteristics of cookies fortified with noni fruit powder were studied. Results: There was no significant change in the physical properties of fortified cookies with noni fruit powder. The antioxidant properties were enhanced with the higher concentrations of fruit noni powder fortified with cookies. Sensory panelists preferred cookies with 5% noni (NFPFC5) concerning organoleptic characteristics. Conclusion: The present study is to understand the herb's value by recommending the nutritional qualities and sensory evaluation of noni fruit powder cookies. Future studies on the use of noni fruit powder in different food industries with its applications in terms of safety and quality are necessary.Keywords: Noni powder, antioxidant, Morinda citrifolia, sensory acceptance, cookies.","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46238434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. D. Ogunlakin, Taiwo Rukayat Onifade, O. Ojo, E. O. Adesanya, G. A. Berena, P. O. Ayeni, T. Omolekan, M. Ogunlakin, Damilare Ayokunle Iyinkristi, M. Sonibare, M. A. Fategbe
Carica papaya L. is a plant that has a reputation for being antidiabetic. This review is focused on antidiabetic properties of Carica papaya. A comprehensive search was performed using various electronic databases including Researchgate, PubMed, Google Scholar, Biomedgrid.com and ScienceDirect. 224 publications were downloaded, out of which one 107 relevant publications were reviewed. The fruit, leaves, and seeds of this plant have been reported to possess antidiabetic properties at different dosages via in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo studies. Fortified papaya cake, MPPB flour (containing C. papaya), and brotowali extract (fortified papaya leaves and sugarcane extracts) displayed significant hypoglycaemic effect. From a clinical trial, the fruit consumed after meals significantly reduced blood glucose level in a quasi-experimental study. Some bioactive compounds found in the plant's extracts have been linked to the antidiabetic effect of the plant. It has been discovered that the leaf extract contains hypoglycemic saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins. Few compounds with antidiabetic characteristics have been identified from the extracts of this plant's seeds, including hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 11-octadecenoic acid, N, N-dimethyl-, n-hexadecanoic acid, and oleic acid. Therefore, pawpaw fruit consumption might help to mitigate the symptoms of diabetes. For the development of new natural remedies for management and prevention of diabetes, additional studies, particularly those on the isolation of antidiabetic principles from various portions of C. papaya, will be crucial.Keywords:Carica papaya; Antidiabetics; Phytoconstituents; Clinical trials; Papaya products
{"title":"Antidiabetic potential of Carica papaya L. and its constituents: From folkloric uses to products development","authors":"A. D. Ogunlakin, Taiwo Rukayat Onifade, O. Ojo, E. O. Adesanya, G. A. Berena, P. O. Ayeni, T. Omolekan, M. Ogunlakin, Damilare Ayokunle Iyinkristi, M. Sonibare, M. A. Fategbe","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v6i6.1108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/bchd.v6i6.1108","url":null,"abstract":"Carica papaya L. is a plant that has a reputation for being antidiabetic. This review is focused on antidiabetic properties of Carica papaya. A comprehensive search was performed using various electronic databases including Researchgate, PubMed, Google Scholar, Biomedgrid.com and ScienceDirect. 224 publications were downloaded, out of which one 107 relevant publications were reviewed. The fruit, leaves, and seeds of this plant have been reported to possess antidiabetic properties at different dosages via in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo studies. Fortified papaya cake, MPPB flour (containing C. papaya), and brotowali extract (fortified papaya leaves and sugarcane extracts) displayed significant hypoglycaemic effect. From a clinical trial, the fruit consumed after meals significantly reduced blood glucose level in a quasi-experimental study. Some bioactive compounds found in the plant's extracts have been linked to the antidiabetic effect of the plant. It has been discovered that the leaf extract contains hypoglycemic saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins. Few compounds with antidiabetic characteristics have been identified from the extracts of this plant's seeds, including hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 11-octadecenoic acid, N, N-dimethyl-, n-hexadecanoic acid, and oleic acid. Therefore, pawpaw fruit consumption might help to mitigate the symptoms of diabetes. For the development of new natural remedies for management and prevention of diabetes, additional studies, particularly those on the isolation of antidiabetic principles from various portions of C. papaya, will be crucial.Keywords:Carica papaya; Antidiabetics; Phytoconstituents; Clinical trials; Papaya products","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49190713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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