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"Wellbore instability prediction and performance analysis using Poroelastic modeling" 基于孔隙弹性模型的井筒不稳定性预测与性能分析
Pub Date : 2019-07-11 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00028
Ing Mohamed Halafawi, Ing Lazar Avram
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引用次数: 2
Comparison of Single, Binary and Temperature-Dependent Adsorption Models Based on Error Function Analysis 基于误差函数分析的单、二元和温度依赖吸附模型的比较
Pub Date : 2019-04-23 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00027
J. Fianu, Jebraeel Gholinezhad, M. Sayed
The choice of adsorption model to use when accounting for gas adsorption in shale gas reservoirs is critical especially for Gas in Place (OGIP) calculations since inaccurate predictions can affect reporting of overall gas reserves. To that end, different adsorption models would have to be compared and evaluated in order to select the model that fits experimental data accurately. In examining the effect of using different error criteria for determining parameters for shale gas adsorption models, a statistically robust error analysis has been performed based on the sum of normalised error (SNE). Most shale gas adsorption modelling are conducted without finding out the most appropriate error function to use which introduces adsorption prediction errors in calculations. Five different error analysis were used including Sum of squared error (SSE), average relative error (ARE), the sum of absolute error (SAE), Marquardt’s Percent standard Deviation (MPSD), and Hybrid fractional error (HYBRID). To account for the influence of temperature in adsorption capacities, the study also compares the use of temperature dependent models, such as Exponential and Bi-Langmuir models for gas adsorption. These models can be conducted at multiple temperatures and ensure adsorption data can be obtained at any temperature beyond laboratory conditions. This is particularly useful when conducting thermal stimulation as an enhanced gas recovery in both coal/shale gas reservoirs. Journal of Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Sciences Submit your Article | www.ologypress.com/submit-article Ology Press Citation: Fianu J, Gholinezhad J, Hassan M. Comparison of Single, Binary and Temperature-Dependent Adsorption Models Based on Error Function Analysis. J Oil Gas Petrochem Sci. (2019);2(2):77-91. DOI: 10.30881/jogps.00027 78 function of pressure, but also of temperature. Section 2 of this study is, therefore, focused on describing the various single component systems, multi-component systems and finally temperature-dependent models used in the modelling of shale gas adsorption. Several works have been conducted on adsorption modelling without taking into consideration the choice of error function used in optimising the adsorption model.6,9,20–22 This often results in only one set of adsorption constants for the adsorption models being used without any serious interrogation to how accurately it fits the adsorption model to experimental data. According to Sreńscek-Nazzal et al.,23 very few detailed studies have been conducted on comparing the accuracy of the error functions used in modelling gas adsorption and also the accuracy of the predicted isotherm parameters. No study has however looked at comparing different error functions on modelling gas adsorption in shale gas reservoirs. In minimising the difference between the experimental data and the predicted results from the adsorption models, several error functions have been proposed and applied to predict optimal isotherms including sum
当考虑页岩气藏中的气体吸附时,使用的吸附模型的选择至关重要,特别是对于就地天然气(OGIP)的计算,因为不准确的预测会影响总体天然气储量的报告。为此,必须对不同的吸附模型进行比较和评估,以便选择准确符合实验数据的模型。在研究使用不同误差标准确定页岩气吸附模型参数的影响时,基于归一化误差(SNE)的总和进行了统计上稳健的误差分析。大多数页岩气的吸附建模都没有找到最合适的误差函数,这在计算中引入了吸附预测误差。采用了五种不同的误差分析方法,包括误差平方和(SSE)、平均相对误差(ARE)、绝对误差和(SAE)、马夸特百分比标准差(MPSD)和混合分数误差(Hybrid)。为了考虑温度对吸附能力的影响,该研究还比较了温度依赖模型的使用,例如气体吸附的指数模型和Bi-Langmuir模型。这些模型可以在多个温度下进行,并确保在超出实验室条件的任何温度下都可以获得吸附数据。当在煤/页岩气藏中进行热增产以提高天然气采收率时,这一点尤其有用。引用本文:Fianu J, Gholinezhad J, Hassan M.基于误差函数分析的单、二元和温度依赖吸附模型比较。[J]石油天然气与石油化学。(2019); 2(2): 77 - 91。DOI: 10.30881 / jogps。有压力功能,也有温度功能。因此,本研究的第2节将重点描述用于页岩气吸附建模的各种单组分系统、多组分系统以及最后的温度依赖模型。在没有考虑优化吸附模型时使用的误差函数的选择的情况下,已经进行了一些吸附建模工作。6,9,20 - 22这通常导致使用的吸附模型只有一组吸附常数,而没有对吸附模型与实验数据的拟合程度进行认真的质疑。根据Sreńscek-Nazzal等人的说法,23很少有详细的研究比较用于模拟气体吸附的误差函数的准确性以及预测等温线参数的准确性。然而,目前还没有研究对页岩气藏气体吸附模型的不同误差函数进行比较。为了使实验数据与吸附模型预测结果之间的差异最小化,提出了几种误差函数,并将其应用于预测最佳等温线,包括平方和误差(SSE)、平均相对误差(ARE)、绝对误差和(SAE)、马夸特百分比标准偏差(MPSD)和混合分数误差(Hybrid)。页岩气吸附模型Langmuir等温线Langmuir等温线是应用最广泛的吸附等温线之一朗缪尔等温线的一个关键假设是,必须有一个均匀的表面,相邻分子之间没有相互作用。然而,即使在煤或页岩系统中,这也是一个难以应用的概念,因为它们内部的有机物质在化学上是不均匀的Langmuir等温线由下式给出:1 L V bp V bp = +式1其中V为P压力下吸附气体的体积,lv为无限压力下的Langmuir体积或最大气体吸附量,b为Langmuir常数。BET等温线模型是由Stephen Brunauer, P.H. Emmet和Edward teller于1938年提出的。27在推导该等温线时使用的一个关键假设是有机碳表面的吸附层是无限的。对于相对平坦和无孔的表面,使用朗缪尔等温线通常是无效的。通常认为BET等温线更适合描述某些页岩气储层的吸附过程BET方程为
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引用次数: 3
Stochastic simulation of cavitation bubbles formation in the axial valve separator influenced by degree of opening 轴向阀分离器开度影响空化气泡形成的随机模拟
Pub Date : 2019-03-06 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00026
A. Kapranova, A. Miadonye
A stochastic modeling of the formation of cavitation bubbles on a specific example is proposed. In this case, the initial stage of hydrodynamic cavitation in the flow part of the axial valve, the separator, was studied. A distinctive feature of this regulating device is the external location of the locking organ. An expression for the differential distribution function of the number of bubbles according to the degree of valve opening is obtained. The model takes into account the design and operating parameters of the axial valve, as well as the physical and mechanical properties of the working environment.
通过一个具体的实例,提出了一种空化气泡形成的随机模型。在这种情况下,研究了轴向阀的流动部分,即分离器的水动力空化的初始阶段。这种调节装置的一个显著特点是锁定机构的外部位置。得到了气泡数随阀门开度的微分分布函数表达式。该模型考虑了轴向阀的设计和操作参数,以及工作环境的物理力学性能。
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引用次数: 3
Horizontal versus vertical wells interference in hydraulically fractured shale reservoirs 水力压裂页岩储层水平井与直井干扰研究
Pub Date : 2019-03-05 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00025
Samuel Igba, Lateef T. Akanji, Toochukwu Onwuliri
The authors acknowledgethe Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF) Nigeria for sponsoring this project. Special thanks to Christie Judith, and members of Computer Modelling Group (CMG) for technical support on the use of CMG-GEM software for this study.
作者感谢尼日利亚石油技术发展基金(PTDF)赞助了这个项目。特别感谢Christie Judith和计算机建模小组(CMG)成员为本研究使用CMG- gem软件提供技术支持。
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引用次数: 1
Wellbore trajectory optimization for horizontal wells: the plan versus the reality 水平井井眼轨迹优化:计划与现实
Pub Date : 2019-02-05 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00024
Mohamed Halafawi, L. Avram
Horizontal wellbore profile and trajectory optimization without hole problems are considered the most essential part in well planning and design. In this paper, a long radius horizontal well was trajectory optimized by selecting horizontal profile, kick off point (KOP), horizontal turn trajectory, vertical turn determination, and mud weights. After that, in order to design 3D profile, the Minimum Curvature Method (MCM)was used for survey determination. Moreover, the best well orientation was selected based on rock mechanics and wellbore stability so that the optimum trajectory could be drilled without instability problems. Real horizontal well passed through 5 targets: NRQ 255 6H-1, NRQ 255 6H-2, NRQ 255 6H-3, NRQ 255 6H-4, and NRQ 255 6H-5 are studied. The planned trajectory has found the same as real trajectory until 9 5/8” casing is landed to true vertical depth (TVD) =7230 ft. and measured depth (MD) =7343.6 ft. However, during drilling 8.5’’ hole, it was impossible to continue drilling due to the drillstring being stuck because of caved shale and hole pack off. Wellbore trajectory was redesigned and selected after building new wellbore stability and geomechanical stress models using logging while drilling (LWD) data. A 6’’ sidetrack hole was successfully drilled and hit the five targets horizontally.
无井眼问题的水平井眼剖面和轨迹优化是井眼规划和设计中最重要的部分。通过选择水平井水平剖面、起井点(KOP)、水平转弯轨迹、垂直转弯轨迹和泥浆比重,对长半径水平井进行了轨迹优化。然后,采用最小曲率法(MCM)进行测量确定,设计三维轮廓。此外,根据岩石力学和井筒稳定性选择最佳井眼方向,使最佳井眼轨迹不会出现失稳问题。研究了实际水平井通过NRQ 255 6H-1、NRQ 255 6H-2、NRQ 255 6H-3、NRQ 255 6H-4、NRQ 255 6H-5 5个靶区。在9 5/8”套管下入至真垂直深度(TVD) =7230英尺,测量深度(MD) =7343.6英尺之前,计划的轨迹与实际轨迹一致。然而,在钻探8.5”井眼时,由于页岩塌陷和井眼充填物导致钻柱卡钻,无法继续钻井。在利用随钻测井(LWD)数据建立新的井筒稳定性和地质力学应力模型后,重新设计并选择了井眼轨迹。成功地钻出了一个6英寸侧钻,并水平击中了5个目标。
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引用次数: 6
Dynamic analysis approach to evaluate in-situ combustion performance for heavy oil production 稠油开采现场燃烧性能评价的动态分析方法
Pub Date : 2019-01-18 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00023
Jia Yao, Yiming Song
In China, in-situ combustion has been widely used in heavy oil reservoirs due to its advantages, such as less thermal loss along the well bore, wider applicability range, higher displacement efficiency and so on. In order to operate the in-situ combustion successfully, it is necessary to fully require adequate production performance information. According to the principle and characteristics of in-situ combustion, dynamic analysis of in-situ combustion has been used to analyze the changes of some parameters, and corresponding rules on changes of these parameters have been achieved. Combining these drawn rules from previous results, such as reservoir pressure, produced gas compositions and combustion front position, with the developing requirements of the oil field, it is feasible to make necessary adjustments to enhance heavy oil recovery and increase profitability. Dynamic analysis on Gao 3-6-18 oil block, the main part of in-situ combustion pilot test reservoir in Liaohe Oilfield, was utilized to illustrate the feasibility of this dynamic analysis approach on evaluation of in-situ combustion performance for heavy oil production.
原位燃烧法具有沿井热损失小、适用范围广、驱油效率高等优点,在国内稠油油藏中得到了广泛应用。为了成功地进行原位燃烧,有必要充分获取足够的生产性能信息。根据原地燃烧的原理和特点,利用原地燃烧的动态分析方法对一些参数的变化进行了分析,得出了这些参数的变化规律。结合以往研究结果得出的储层压力、产气成分、燃烧前缘位置等规律,结合油田开发要求,进行必要的调整,提高稠油采收率,提高盈利能力是可行的。通过对辽河油田原位燃烧先导试验储层主体高3-6-18油块的动态分析,说明了采用动态分析方法评价稠油原位燃烧性能的可行性。
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引用次数: 3
Microfacies analysis and depositional environment of limestone deposits: Arochukwu – Obotme – Odorikpe axis southeastern Nigeria 尼日利亚东南部Arochukwu - Obotme - Odorikpe轴石灰岩沉积微相分析及沉积环境
Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00022
Ideozu, Ikoro, Akpofure
Microfacies analysis of limestone deposits from Arochukwu – Obotme – Odoro Ikpe Axis has been carried out complimented with biostratigraphic and sedimentological analysis. Fieldwork and Laboratory techniques employed are standard methods as used in limestone petrography (preparation of the limestone thin sections), sedimentological and biostratigraphic studies. Petrographic analysis results indicate that the limestone is made up of between 80% and 60% allochems while cements make up between 19% and 38% respectively. The allochems consists of shell fragments, whole pelecypod shells, algal grains, diatoms, foraminiferids, whole gastropods shells, bryozoans, ostracods, crinoids and coral fragments in addition to ooids/peloids, quartz grains, intraclasts and phosphate grains that make up the limestone. The cement type is interpreted as sparite and porosity type is interparticle and fracture. Important fossils identified in the limestone samples include Anomalinoides sp, Textularia sp, ostracods, pelecypods, gastropods and corals which occur either as whole skeletal forms or as fragments. Based on the microfacies characteristics, the limestone in the study area are sandy bioclastic packstone, bioclastic packstone and bioclastic wackstone bioclastic wackstone / bioclastic packstone at Locations 5 (Amuvi), (Obotme) – 2, (Asaga) 3 and 4 (Okobo) and sandstone with about 10% shell fragments at Location 2 (Odoro Ikpe), – sandy bioclastic packstone. Two microfacies identified in the study area which correspond to SMF 5 and SMF 9. The environment of deposition is interpreted as normal marine, subtidal to shallow shelf which is consistent with shallow inner neritic to middle neritic interpreted from biostratigraphy (foraminifera and palynomorphs) identified in the limestone and associated shale samples.
对Arochukwu - Obotme - Odoro Ikpe轴的石灰岩矿床进行了微相分析,并进行了生物地层和沉积学分析。野外工作和实验室技术采用的是石灰石岩石学(石灰石薄片的制备)、沉积学和生物地层学研究中使用的标准方法。岩石学分析结果表明,灰岩中异化学成分占80% ~ 60%,胶结物占19% ~ 38%。同种化学物质包括贝壳碎片、整个贝壳、藻类颗粒、硅藻、有孔虫、整个腹足类贝壳、苔藓虫、介形虫、海百合和珊瑚碎片,以及构成石灰岩的卵状体/球状体、石英颗粒、内碎屑和磷酸盐颗粒。胶结类型解释为晶石型,孔隙类型解释为粒间型和裂缝型。在石灰岩样品中发现的重要化石包括Anomalinoides sp、Textularia sp、介形虫、准足类、腹足类和珊瑚,它们要么以完整的骨骼形式出现,要么以碎片形式出现。根据微相特征,研究区5号位置(阿穆维)、2号位置(奥博特姆)、3号位置(Asaga)和4号位置(Okobo)的灰岩主要为砂质生物碎屑岩、生物碎屑岩和生物碎屑灰岩/生物碎屑灰岩,2号位置(Odoro Ikpe)为含10%左右贝壳碎片的砂岩,为砂质生物碎屑灰岩。研究区确定了两个微相,分别对应于SMF 5和SMF 9。沉积环境解释为正常海相、潮下至浅海架,与石灰岩及伴生页岩样品生物地层学(有孔虫和岩形虫)解释的浅层内浅海-中浅海相一致。
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引用次数: 0
Loss prevention in hydrocarbon facilities 碳氢化合物设施的损失预防
Pub Date : 2019-01-14 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00021
N. Menon
Loss Prevention techniques in hydrocarbon facilities are to prevent personal injury or loss of life, to protect the installation from fire, explosion, and operational safety hazards inherent to the facilities and Protection of the environment by early detection of hazardous conditions and the subsequent shutdown, vapor depressurizing, and ventilation of hydrocarbons. The loss prevention philosophy is normally formulated based on a maximum of one major incident occurring at any one time, and the premise that hazards can arise in any section of the facility, in varying degrees of magnitude, and from a variety of sources. On normally-manned[1] facilities, personnel are trained to manage operational activities with the highest regard for safe procedures and to react appropriately in the event of emergencies. The safety of the facility requires that the plant is inspected and maintained, safe procedures are used and improved based on experience, to minimize the probability of occurrence of hazardous conditions. On un-manned facilities[2], fire protection systems are provided based on a formal risk assessment which shows them to be necessary. This article focuses on the loss prevention philosophy implemented in a hydro carbon facility for safe operation of the facility either during manned operations or unmanned operations by focusing on parameters such as the design strategy adopted while designing the facility (such as facility layout, fire protection, flaring design, drains design), areas classifications inside the facility that is designed, escape and evacuation route, climate control etc.
碳氢化合物设施的损失预防技术是为了防止人身伤害或生命损失,保护设施免受火灾、爆炸和设施固有的操作安全隐患的影响,并通过早期发现危险情况和随后的关闭、蒸汽减压和碳氢化合物通风来保护环境。预防损失的理念通常是基于在任何时候最多发生一次重大事故,并假设危险可能出现在设施的任何部分,其程度和来源各不相同。在正常配备人员[1]的设施中,人员接受培训,以最严格的安全程序管理业务活动,并在发生紧急情况时作出适当反应。设施的安全要求对工厂进行检查和维护,使用安全程序并根据经验进行改进,以尽量减少危险情况发生的可能性。在无人设施上[2],消防系统是根据正式的风险评估提供的,该评估表明消防系统是必要的。本文通过关注设施设计时采用的设计策略(如设施布局、消防、燃烧设计、排水设计)、设施内设计的区域分类、逃生和疏散路线、气候控制等参数,重点介绍了在有人操作或无人操作期间碳氢化合物设施安全运行的防损理念。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of Fracture Scale Limit in Numerical Simulations of Fractured Vuggy Reservoir 裂缝性洞型油藏数值模拟中裂缝尺度极限的确定
Pub Date : 2019-01-09 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00019
Donglia Zhang, Shuyue Cui, and Zhang Yun
In fractured vuggy reservoirs, the fracture scales differ and the fracture distribution is uneven, so fractures with varying scales may require different simulation methods. It is highly important to determine the fracture aperture limits, which are used to determine the fracture scale. In this paper, a uniform coarse grid and local refined grid are used separately in numerical simulations. The results of the two simulation approaches are compared and analyzed, based on which the fracture scale limit is determined. It is considered that the limit is reached when the two simulation results become significantly different. Based on the simulation result, it is concluded that the aperture limit of a large fracture in the numerical simulation of a fractured vuggy reservoir varies with the permeability of pores.
在裂缝性洞型储层中,裂缝规模不同,裂缝分布不均匀,不同规模的裂缝可能需要不同的模拟方法。裂缝孔径极限的确定是确定裂缝规模的重要依据。本文分别采用均匀粗网格和局部精细网格进行数值模拟。对比分析了两种模拟方法的结果,在此基础上确定了裂缝尺度极限。当两种模拟结果差异显著时,认为达到极限。根据模拟结果,得出裂缝性洞型储层数值模拟中大裂缝的孔径极限随孔隙渗透率的变化而变化的结论。
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引用次数: 0
Derivation of the nonlinear dynamics of the interface between a kick gas fluid and mud system in a gas wellbore based on momentum conservation principle 基于动量守恒原理推导了气井中踢井气液与泥浆系统界面的非线性动力学
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.30881/JOGPS.00018
M. Amadu, A. Miadonye
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of oil, gas and petrochemical sciences
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