{"title":"The Risk of Withdrawal Seizures & Other Adverse Events in Newborns Associated with Levetiracetam Use as Monotherapy or in Combination Therapy for Seizures During Pregnancy - A Systematic Review","authors":"","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic pain conditions are a substantial health problem and there is a strong need for new treatments. We hypothesise that classical psychedelics such as psilocybin may be one such treatment for chronic pain states. We introduce the pharmacology of psychedelics and existing data on their use in humans, including side effects, safety and abuse liability. We systematically review and explore the existing data on the use of psychedelics to treat pain, predominantly chronic and neuropathic in type. A discussion of the psychological and psychiatric aspects of chronic pain and the effects of psychedelics on these aspects follows, culminating in an integrated hypothesis that psychedelics effect high level priors that compound chronic pain, alongside putative direct nociceptive effects. Finally, we propose a clinical trial to test our primary hypothesis
{"title":"Could Psychedelics Treat Neuropathic Chronic Pain?","authors":"Martinez Sosa, Iliff Jonathan","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-130","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic pain conditions are a substantial health problem and there is a strong need for new treatments. We hypothesise that classical psychedelics such as psilocybin may be one such treatment for chronic pain states. We introduce the pharmacology of psychedelics and existing data on their use in humans, including side effects, safety and abuse liability. We systematically review and explore the existing data on the use of psychedelics to treat pain, predominantly chronic and neuropathic in type. A discussion of the psychological and psychiatric aspects of chronic pain and the effects of psychedelics on these aspects follows, culminating in an integrated hypothesis that psychedelics effect high level priors that compound chronic pain, alongside putative direct nociceptive effects. Finally, we propose a clinical trial to test our primary hypothesis","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joubert syndrome (JS) is a rare recessive autosomal disorder in infants and children. JS is a ciliopathy with defects in the primary cilium. JS has mid brain-hind brain malformation which includes: (i) cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, (ii) abnormal deep interpeduncular fossa at Isthmus and Pons, and (iii) Horizontally thickened and elongated Superior Cerebellar Peduncles. Diagnostic symptoms include hypotonia, ataxia, abnormal breathing patterns, atypical eye movements, and intellectual disability. Molar tooth sign on axial sections of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is a primary diagnostic criterion. Here we report a case of a 10-year-old female intellectually disabled child who was noted to have developmental delay and vision problems soon after 5 to 6 months of birth. The patient was diagnosed with JS based on an MRI brain finding of Molar tooth appearance.
{"title":"Joubert Syndrome in 10-Year-Old with Renal Involvement: A Case Study","authors":"Sagar Dabbara, AN LaxmiPoojita","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-131","url":null,"abstract":"Joubert syndrome (JS) is a rare recessive autosomal disorder in infants and children. JS is a ciliopathy with defects in the primary cilium. JS has mid brain-hind brain malformation which includes: (i) cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, (ii) abnormal deep interpeduncular fossa at Isthmus and Pons, and (iii) Horizontally thickened and elongated Superior Cerebellar Peduncles. Diagnostic symptoms include hypotonia, ataxia, abnormal breathing patterns, atypical eye movements, and intellectual disability. Molar tooth sign on axial sections of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is a primary diagnostic criterion. Here we report a case of a 10-year-old female intellectually disabled child who was noted to have developmental delay and vision problems soon after 5 to 6 months of birth. The patient was diagnosed with JS based on an MRI brain finding of Molar tooth appearance.","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Pale, G. Furjan-Mandić, J. Radas, Ines Amber Kincaid
{"title":"Improving Attitudes towards Male Ballet Dancers","authors":"P. Pale, G. Furjan-Mandić, J. Radas, Ines Amber Kincaid","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fred Ma, A. Hashmi, Charles Yu Liu, Heather Harris
Objectives: Survey the prevalence of various stress-related factors among a sample of the US adult population over the course of 1 year to compare rates among those who reported ever receiving a positive COVID-19 test vs those who never received a positive test. Highlight the potential impact of these factors upon cognitive functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A US census, age-balanced sample of adults was recruited through an online survey platform and participated in three waves of surveys. In each wave, roughly 3 months apart, participants, blinded to the survey sponsor, completed surveys with demographic information and questions regarding mental health, physical health, and environmental factors which have been linked to cognitive health. Participants were also asked whether they had ever received a positive COVID-19 test. Results: A total of 4,905 respondents were included in the first wave, 3,940 were included in the second wave, and 3,157 respondents were included in the third wave. In the third wave of the survey the largest age group was those 30 to 39 years of age (33.7% of respondents; n=1,063/3,157). The majority of respondents reported that they had never tested positive for COVID-19 (87.2%; n=2,610/3,157). The rate of those who reported ever receiving a positive COVID-19 test result was 17.3% (n=547/3,157). Respondents who reported a positive test result were more likely to report experiencing anxious symptoms and depressive symptoms between the second and third surveys vs those who never received a positive test result (70.5% vs 47.5% and 66.5% vs 37.3%, respectively). Respondents who reported a positive test result were more likely to report receiving a formal diagnosis from a healthcare provider for a sleep-related disorder (53.7% vs 19.1%). Respondents who reported a positive test result were more likely to report experiencing “more” or “much more” concern vs those without a positive test result since the second survey in the following areas: affording housing (49.5% vs 25.3%); employment or potential job loss (33.6% vs 20.0%); and affording necessities like food and medicine (44.8% vs 27.6%). Conclusions: Survey respondents who reported receiving a positive COVID-19 test result vs those who did not had a higher prevalence of stressors known to affect cognitive functioning, including anxiety, depression, sleep troubles, and concerns over issues recognized as social determinants of health. Routine neurocognitive assessment in clinical practice may be an important tool clinicians can use to track the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on overall cognitive health, allowing them to intervene as needed.
目的:调查1年期间美国成年人群样本中各种压力相关因素的患病率，以比较报告曾接受过COVID-19检测阳性的人与从未接受过检测阳性的人之间的比率。强调这些因素在COVID-19大流行期间对认知功能的潜在影响。方法:通过在线调查平台招募美国人口普查年龄平衡的成年人样本，参与三波调查。在每一波中，大约间隔3个月，参与者对调查发起人不知情，完成人口统计信息和有关心理健康、身体健康和与认知健康有关的环境因素的调查。参与者还被问及他们是否曾接受过COVID-19阳性检测。结果:第一波共纳入调查对象4905人，第二波3940人，第三波3157人。在第三轮调查中，最大的年龄组是30至39岁(占受访者的33.7%;n = 1063/3157)。大多数受访者报告说，他们从未检测出COVID-19呈阳性(87.2%;n = 2610/3157)。报告曾接受COVID-19检测结果阳性的比例为17.3% (n=547/3,157)。在第二次和第三次调查期间，报告检测结果呈阳性的受访者比从未收到检测结果呈阳性的受访者更有可能报告出现焦虑症状和抑郁症状(分别为70.5%对47.5%和66.5%对37.3%)。报告检测结果呈阳性的受访者更有可能报告从医疗保健提供者那里获得了睡眠相关疾病的正式诊断(53.7%对19.1%)。自第二次调查以来，测试结果呈阳性的受访者较没有测试结果呈阳性的受访者更有可能在以下方面感到“更多”或“更多”担忧:负担得起房屋(49.5%对25.3%);就业或可能失业(33.6% vs 20.0%);提供食品和药品等必需品(44.8%对27.6%)。结论:报告接受COVID-19检测结果阳性的受访者与未接受COVID-19检测结果阳性的受访者相比，已知影响认知功能的压力源的患病率更高，包括焦虑、抑郁、睡眠问题以及对被认为是健康社会决定因素的问题的担忧。临床实践中的常规神经认知评估可能是临床医生用来追踪COVID-19大流行对整体认知健康的长期影响的重要工具，使他们能够根据需要进行干预。
{"title":"Cognitive Stressors and COVID-19 Infection: A Longitudinal Survey","authors":"Fred Ma, A. Hashmi, Charles Yu Liu, Heather Harris","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-119","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Survey the prevalence of various stress-related factors among a sample of the US adult population over the course of 1 year to compare rates among those who reported ever receiving a positive COVID-19 test vs those who never received a positive test. Highlight the potential impact of these factors upon cognitive functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A US census, age-balanced sample of adults was recruited through an online survey platform and participated in three waves of surveys. In each wave, roughly 3 months apart, participants, blinded to the survey sponsor, completed surveys with demographic information and questions regarding mental health, physical health, and environmental factors which have been linked to cognitive health. Participants were also asked whether they had ever received a positive COVID-19 test. Results: A total of 4,905 respondents were included in the first wave, 3,940 were included in the second wave, and 3,157 respondents were included in the third wave. In the third wave of the survey the largest age group was those 30 to 39 years of age (33.7% of respondents; n=1,063/3,157). The majority of respondents reported that they had never tested positive for COVID-19 (87.2%; n=2,610/3,157). The rate of those who reported ever receiving a positive COVID-19 test result was 17.3% (n=547/3,157). Respondents who reported a positive test result were more likely to report experiencing anxious symptoms and depressive symptoms between the second and third surveys vs those who never received a positive test result (70.5% vs 47.5% and 66.5% vs 37.3%, respectively). Respondents who reported a positive test result were more likely to report receiving a formal diagnosis from a healthcare provider for a sleep-related disorder (53.7% vs 19.1%). Respondents who reported a positive test result were more likely to report experiencing “more” or “much more” concern vs those without a positive test result since the second survey in the following areas: affording housing (49.5% vs 25.3%); employment or potential job loss (33.6% vs 20.0%); and affording necessities like food and medicine (44.8% vs 27.6%). Conclusions: Survey respondents who reported receiving a positive COVID-19 test result vs those who did not had a higher prevalence of stressors known to affect cognitive functioning, including anxiety, depression, sleep troubles, and concerns over issues recognized as social determinants of health. Routine neurocognitive assessment in clinical practice may be an important tool clinicians can use to track the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on overall cognitive health, allowing them to intervene as needed.","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70781997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In general, stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and a leading cause of morbidity. The most common type is thrombotic which responsible for 65-85%. Treatments that are approved by guidelines include supportive care in an emergency unit, and reperfusion through use of intravenous recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA), intra-arterial fibrinolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. A prospective study carried out in two years enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke who have done CT angiography of cerebral circulation to assessment of the collateral arterial state. A total number of 50 patients (25 males and 25 females). The main age was 53.7±11.56 years. Each patient was neurologically and clinically evaluated, underwent NCCT followed by CT cerebral angiography to assess large vessel occlusion, collateral circulation status according to Tan scale (0-3). Good state of the cerebral collaterals in patients with AIS was associated with good clinical outcome, good reperfusion, symptomatic ICH rate is low, mortality rate decline and stroke severity be less.
{"title":"Acute Ischemic Stroke and CT Cerebral Angiography: Management and Relationship","authors":"Khalid Faiq Abood Al-Khalidy, Maithem Fadel Alashoor, Hisham Shaker Khsheesh Al-Maliki","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-120","url":null,"abstract":"In general, stroke is the second leading cause of mortality and a leading cause of morbidity. The most common type is thrombotic which responsible for 65-85%. Treatments that are approved by guidelines include supportive care in an emergency unit, and reperfusion through use of intravenous recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA), intra-arterial fibrinolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. A prospective study carried out in two years enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke who have done CT angiography of cerebral circulation to assessment of the collateral arterial state. A total number of 50 patients (25 males and 25 females). The main age was 53.7±11.56 years. Each patient was neurologically and clinically evaluated, underwent NCCT followed by CT cerebral angiography to assess large vessel occlusion, collateral circulation status according to Tan scale (0-3). Good state of the cerebral collaterals in patients with AIS was associated with good clinical outcome, good reperfusion, symptomatic ICH rate is low, mortality rate decline and stroke severity be less.","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Louise Fhaedra da Silva Pereira, Ludmila Fhaedra da Silva Pereira
{"title":"The Role of the Teacher of Dance of the 21st Century: The Art of Education","authors":"Louise Fhaedra da Silva Pereira, Ludmila Fhaedra da Silva Pereira","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vasile Antonia Ioana, Stănescu Monica and Pelin Florin
{"title":"Cognitive Factors that Influence the Relationship between Sports Experience and Climbing Performance in Youth Romanian Climbers","authors":"Vasile Antonia Ioana, Stănescu Monica and Pelin Florin","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving Athletic Performance in Youth and Young Adult Adaptive Sports Athletes through Somatic Movement Re-Education and Therapy","authors":"R. Mack, M. Ferrara","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linking Useful Field of View (UFoV) and Social Competence among College Students","authors":"O. Shtayermman, Sarah Banks, J. Fletcher","doi":"10.47275/2692-093x-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47275/2692-093x-127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93129,"journal":{"name":"Neurological sciences and neurosurgery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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