„These complex protein by bacteria rely on serial and performed Those enzymes are arranged on by means of receptor – ligand interactions. The Lego-like arrangement of subunits in Abstract Aspects of the structural and functional properties of the bacterial cellulosome, an enzyme complex combining several modes of degradation of cellulose, are described. Findings obtained by classical approaches, especially electron microscopy and studies of the degradation processes, are compared and substantially broadened by results of the application of recent investigation approaches and techniques. For a better understanding, this Mini review contains citations taken from a dissertation (s. below, section „New approaches“).
{"title":"The Bacterial Cellulosome","authors":"F. Mayer","doi":"10.31488/heph.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.125","url":null,"abstract":"„These complex protein by bacteria rely on serial and performed Those enzymes are arranged on by means of receptor – ligand interactions. The Lego-like arrangement of subunits in Abstract Aspects of the structural and functional properties of the bacterial cellulosome, an enzyme complex combining several modes of degradation of cellulose, are described. Findings obtained by classical approaches, especially electron microscopy and studies of the degradation processes, are compared and substantially broadened by results of the application of recent investigation approaches and techniques. For a better understanding, this Mini review contains citations taken from a dissertation (s. below, section „New approaches“).","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69834712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleq M. Jaffery, Y. J. Lee, Deepkumar Patel, D. Heck, Hong-Duck Kim
Post-market surveillance is done with a much larger population, Abstract Despite numerous safety regulations and a robust methodology for the testing of pharmaceuticals before and after market entry, key safety issues, such as toxicity and side effects, represent some of the major health problems with the use of various pharmaceuticals. Presently, medical errors are at a bottleneck in health cost, a factor being drug errors in medicines if they cause intolerable or dangerous side effects. As our understanding of pharmacogenomics and genetics has increased its application in clinics and preventive medicine, we have come to understand that genetics and genomics play an important role, in not only how medications function for different variations in people, but also how metabolism variance responsible for causing symptomatic toxicology can be seen. In a post-genomics era, public health is moving towards preventive health care, such as reducing medical cost in various human diseases, and defining medical risks, including misuse or overuse of drugs pertaining to genetic polymorphisms that can cause disease initiation. This short review will discuss the prevalence of genetic variation in drug toxicity, will explore some current Omics-derived methodologies used to understand its application, and predict its responses due to drugs safety based on variable genetics spectrum in personal health care. More-over, it will make provisional guidance while consulting patient with drug complications due to its similarity versus genetic variance result in inconsistency of functional effectiveness Regarding the use of omics technologies and their application platform, it could be new avenue to improve pharmacological tolerance and reduce medical cost owing to complicated issues likely medical errors and
{"title":"Pharmacogenomics enhance Value of Safety to Prescription Drugs: Toward a Post-genomics Era for Personalized Medicine and Patient Care","authors":"Aleq M. Jaffery, Y. J. Lee, Deepkumar Patel, D. Heck, Hong-Duck Kim","doi":"10.31488/heph.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.121","url":null,"abstract":"Post-market surveillance is done with a much larger population, Abstract Despite numerous safety regulations and a robust methodology for the testing of pharmaceuticals before and after market entry, key safety issues, such as toxicity and side effects, represent some of the major health problems with the use of various pharmaceuticals. Presently, medical errors are at a bottleneck in health cost, a factor being drug errors in medicines if they cause intolerable or dangerous side effects. As our understanding of pharmacogenomics and genetics has increased its application in clinics and preventive medicine, we have come to understand that genetics and genomics play an important role, in not only how medications function for different variations in people, but also how metabolism variance responsible for causing symptomatic toxicology can be seen. In a post-genomics era, public health is moving towards preventive health care, such as reducing medical cost in various human diseases, and defining medical risks, including misuse or overuse of drugs pertaining to genetic polymorphisms that can cause disease initiation. This short review will discuss the prevalence of genetic variation in drug toxicity, will explore some current Omics-derived methodologies used to understand its application, and predict its responses due to drugs safety based on variable genetics spectrum in personal health care. More-over, it will make provisional guidance while consulting patient with drug complications due to its similarity versus genetic variance result in inconsistency of functional effectiveness Regarding the use of omics technologies and their application platform, it could be new avenue to improve pharmacological tolerance and reduce medical cost owing to complicated issues likely medical errors and","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44379428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intermittent, Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise For Eight Weeks And High-Intensity Aerobic Exercise For Two Weeks Both Reduce Arterial Stiffness: Evaluation By Measurement Of Stiffness Parameter Using Ultrasonic Echo Tracking","authors":"","doi":"10.31488/heph.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41474628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mercè Pollina Pocallet, Eva Ma. Artigues Barberà, Teresa Guasch Clapes, M. Bonet, Teresa Palou Solé, Núria Serra Solans, Eva Ribalta Calvet, Josep Ramon, Marsal Mora, Marta Ortega Bravo, Family Practitioner MD PhD. Rambla Marta Ortega Bravo, Ferran
Background: Research data to evaluate crucial components of adolescence maturational process is needed and a challenge for researchers and field professionals. Objectives: Promote positive body image, healthy habits and changes in self-esteem among both boys and girls at High schools in our area, though the analysis of measurements and obtained research data. Methods: Self-reported questionnaire assessed 323 students. Physical measurements (weight, height, BMI) were registered in all participants. The questionnaire measured body image perception (Gardner body image evaluation scale), self-esteem (Rosenberg self-esteem scale) and body image concern (Adonis complex questionnaire). Results: The body image distortion score was similar by gender and it decreased by age. The body dissatisfaction score was negative and higher in girls. Body dissatisfaction score and self-esteem were related, so participants with low self-esteem showed a higher body dissatisfaction score. Clear association was also shown between body dissatisfaction score and body image concern, females had a higher body concern and dissatisfaction than males. Discussion: These local measurements provided updated data on our population and they will be taken in consideration to implement community health programs and further tailor intervention programs.
背景:需要研究数据来评估青少年成熟过程的关键组成部分，这对研究人员和领域专业人员来说是一个挑战。目的:促进积极的身体形象，健康的习惯和自尊的变化，在我们地区的高中男生和女生，通过分析测量和获得的研究数据。方法:采用自填问卷对323名学生进行调查。所有参与者的身体测量(体重、身高、身体质量指数)都被记录下来。问卷测量身体形象感知量表(Gardner body image evaluation scale)、自尊量表(Rosenberg self-esteem scale)和身体形象关注量表(Adonis complex questionnaire)。结果:身体形象扭曲评分在性别上基本一致，在年龄上呈下降趋势。女孩的身体不满意得分为负且更高。身体不满意得分与自尊相关，因此低自尊的参与者表现出更高的身体不满意得分。身体不满意得分与身体形象关注之间也有明显的关联，女性对身体形象的关注和不满意程度高于男性。讨论:这些地方测量提供了我们人口的最新数据，它们将被考虑到实施社区卫生计划和进一步定制干预计划。
{"title":"Cross-sectional study on body image and self-esteem among adolescents in Catalonia","authors":"Mercè Pollina Pocallet, Eva Ma. Artigues Barberà, Teresa Guasch Clapes, M. Bonet, Teresa Palou Solé, Núria Serra Solans, Eva Ribalta Calvet, Josep Ramon, Marsal Mora, Marta Ortega Bravo, Family Practitioner MD PhD. Rambla Marta Ortega Bravo, Ferran","doi":"10.31488/heph.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.118","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research data to evaluate crucial components of adolescence maturational process is needed and a challenge for researchers and field professionals. Objectives: Promote positive body image, healthy habits and changes in self-esteem among both boys and girls at High schools in our area, though the analysis of measurements and obtained research data. Methods: Self-reported questionnaire assessed 323 students. Physical measurements (weight, height, BMI) were registered in all participants. The questionnaire measured body image perception (Gardner body image evaluation scale), self-esteem (Rosenberg self-esteem scale) and body image concern (Adonis complex questionnaire). Results: The body image distortion score was similar by gender and it decreased by age. The body dissatisfaction score was negative and higher in girls. Body dissatisfaction score and self-esteem were related, so participants with low self-esteem showed a higher body dissatisfaction score. Clear association was also shown between body dissatisfaction score and body image concern, females had a higher body concern and dissatisfaction than males. Discussion: These local measurements provided updated data on our population and they will be taken in consideration to implement community health programs and further tailor intervention programs.","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43952510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The importance of hangover research","authors":"","doi":"10.31488/heph.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48851177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Human resource development for Japanese public health workers was done together with the creation of a new country during the process of modernization after the Meiji Period (1868-1912). Since World War II, based on the public health introduced from the United States and the new Constitution, the foundation of human resource development for public health workers, that is, the former National Institute of Public Health trains senior professionals of municipalities, was made. Subsequently, with changes in the socio-economic situation, municipal public health workers are required to tackle new issues such as health crisis management and responding to changes in population structure and disease structure. In this paper, I give an overview the history and consider future issues, of human resource development for public health workers in Japan.
{"title":"Human resource development for public health workers in Japan:A minireview","authors":"T. Tachibana","doi":"10.31488/heph.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.114","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Human resource development for Japanese public health workers was done together with the creation of a new country during the process of modernization after the Meiji Period (1868-1912). Since World War II, based on the public health introduced from the United States and the new Constitution, the foundation of human resource development for public health workers, that is, the former National Institute of Public Health trains senior professionals of municipalities, was made. Subsequently, with changes in the socio-economic situation, municipal public health workers are required to tackle new issues such as health crisis management and responding to changes in population structure and disease structure. In this paper, I give an overview the history and consider future issues, of human resource development for public health workers in Japan.","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45371641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A retrospective evaluation of the burden of diabetes in Grenada","authors":"","doi":"10.31488/heph.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46870321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Drastic reforms in healthcare" are required in Japan. We need to ensure sustainable management of the system against increased medical costs and physician’s burden etc. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Japan has been highly evaluated internationally because it provides medical treatment at a relatively low cost and contributed to the longevity of the people [1]. On the other hand, since 2008, Japan has become a country in which 'population reduction and declining birthrate and aging' become simultaneous. And, the disease structure has changed significantly in developed countries. In the analysis of " Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2010" by the World Health Organization (WHO) and 7 institutions of Japan, the United States and the United Kingdom for the past 20 years (1990 to 2010), the following evidence is shown: "The disease burden of the world is , In the past premature death of children under 5 years old was the biggest factor, but now, The majority of factors are due to musculoskeletal disorders, psychiatric disorders, injuries etc., and such burden is increasing as people live longer [1]. "Healthcare 2035" [1] has been proposed to further develop healthcare and lead the world as a maturing nation. The new vision to be achieved by "Healthcare 2035" is the following: 1) Lean Healthcare; Increase the value of health care, 2) Life Design; Supporting subjective choice in society, 3) Global Health Leader; Japan will lead the world health care. In recent years, comprehensive healthcare measures against lifestyle diseases such as cancer have been applied, and the average life expectancy of Japanese people has been extended to "a level that is even regarded as a goal as a human being." In Japan where access to medical care is guaranteed by the UHC system, it can be said that the future health policy should focus on "a Care-focused Mature Society" that can aim for mature death by preventing premature death. To contribute to the new vision of "Healthcare 2035," through current situation analyses and policy review, we proposed the following two policy recommendations [1,2]: 1) "Disability Registry” construction as a prognosis/outcome indicator in medical database, and 2) "Definition of Health for a Care-focused Mature Society" : in a care-focused mature society such as Japan, the notion that "despite ‘social, physical, and mental challenges’ such as the disabilities acquired from trauma or disease, quality of life can be maintained and that one ‘is able to’ self-manage and aim for "self-actualization" should be added to the future "definition of health."
{"title":"Commentary to “the Review for Promoting Evidence-based Healthcare and Welfare Policies for People with Disabilities”: Why is the “Definition of Health for a Care-focused Mature Society” we proposed needed in Japan?","authors":"T. Tachibana","doi":"10.31488/heph.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.112","url":null,"abstract":"\"Drastic reforms in healthcare\" are required in Japan. We need to ensure sustainable management of the system against increased medical costs and physician’s burden etc. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Japan has been highly evaluated internationally because it provides medical treatment at a relatively low cost and contributed to the longevity of the people [1]. On the other hand, since 2008, Japan has become a country in which 'population reduction and declining birthrate and aging' become simultaneous. And, the disease structure has changed significantly in developed countries. In the analysis of \" Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2010\" by the World Health Organization (WHO) and 7 institutions of Japan, the United States and the United Kingdom for the past 20 years (1990 to 2010), the following evidence is shown: \"The disease burden of the world is , In the past premature death of children under 5 years old was the biggest factor, but now, The majority of factors are due to musculoskeletal disorders, psychiatric disorders, injuries etc., and such burden is increasing as people live longer [1]. \"Healthcare 2035\" [1] has been proposed to further develop healthcare and lead the world as a maturing nation. The new vision to be achieved by \"Healthcare 2035\" is the following: 1) Lean Healthcare; Increase the value of health care, 2) Life Design; Supporting subjective choice in society, 3) Global Health Leader; Japan will lead the world health care. In recent years, comprehensive healthcare measures against lifestyle diseases such as cancer have been applied, and the average life expectancy of Japanese people has been extended to \"a level that is even regarded as a goal as a human being.\" In Japan where access to medical care is guaranteed by the UHC system, it can be said that the future health policy should focus on \"a Care-focused Mature Society\" that can aim for mature death by preventing premature death. To contribute to the new vision of \"Healthcare 2035,\" through current situation analyses and policy review, we proposed the following two policy recommendations [1,2]: 1) \"Disability Registry” construction as a prognosis/outcome indicator in medical database, and 2) \"Definition of Health for a Care-focused Mature Society\" : in a care-focused mature society such as Japan, the notion that \"despite ‘social, physical, and mental challenges’ such as the disabilities acquired from trauma or disease, quality of life can be maintained and that one ‘is able to’ self-manage and aim for \"self-actualization\" should be added to the future \"definition of health.\"","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42513535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) re-emphasized the importance of non-communicable chronic diseases as a neglected global health issue, annually contributing to 36 million deaths. Cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and chronic respiratory diseases are responsible for more than half of all deaths worldwide, 80% of which occur in low-income and middle-income countries. Many non-communicable chronic diseases share common risk factors, some of which include tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diets and alcohol abuse (WHO, 2013). The WHO has projected a 15% global increase of deaths attributed to non-communicable chronic diseases between 2010 and 2020 due to population growth, population aging and economic, behavioral, occupational and environmental transitions [1]. It has been suggested that perhaps coordinated efforts by national leaders be implemented to strengthen chronic disease prevention and control efforts, which requires an increased commitment by fostering collaborations with partners in the public and private sectors. Rigorous and diverse research and thorough evaluations of existing projects will also enrich our basic understanding of disease causation and the interplay between biological, environmental, and sociocultural contributors to public health [2]. In an effort to combat the rising public health issue, in 2004, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, with the overall goal to prevent chronic diseases by focusing on the main risk factors [3]. In 2010, the first Global Forum of the Non-communicable Disease Network (NCDnet) marked the first time the WHO convened key stakeholder groups to address the large-scale and increasing global health and development burden posed by NCDs [4]. The Chronic Disease Action Group was established with the purpose to inspire, maintain, and monitor implementation of efforts to promote national, regional, and global action to prevent and control non-communicable chronic diseases [5]. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and United Health Group, one of the world’s largest health and well being companies, have forged a collaboration to counter chronic disease by supporting a collaborative global network of centers of excellence (COE) in low and middle income countries throughout the world [6]. In February 2010, a Sports for Health initiative led by the Windward Island Research and Education Foundation included St. George’s University Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (SGU-DPHPM) and Royal Grenada Police Force (RGPF) [7] established a series of community-based activities throughout Grenada to begin service activities for prevention of chronic disease prevention. In 2010, WINDREF in collaboration with the Royal Grenada Police Force (RGPF) and Special Services Unit (SSU), developed a community based program where citizens of Grenada could access physical training program
背景2005年，世界卫生组织（世界卫生组织）再次强调非传染性慢性病的重要性，认为它是一个被忽视的全球卫生问题，每年导致3600万人死亡。心血管疾病、癌症、2型糖尿病和慢性呼吸道疾病造成了全世界一半以上的死亡，其中80%发生在低收入和中等收入国家。许多非传染性慢性病都有共同的风险因素，其中包括吸烟、缺乏运动、不健康饮食和酗酒（世界卫生组织，2013年）。世界卫生组织预测，由于人口增长、人口老龄化以及经济、行为、职业和环境转型，2010年至2020年间，全球非传染性慢性病死亡人数将增加15%[1]。有人建议，也许国家领导人应该协调努力，加强慢性病预防和控制工作，这需要通过促进与公共和私营部门合作伙伴的合作来增加承诺。对现有项目进行严格而多样的研究和彻底的评估，也将丰富我们对疾病病因以及生物、环境和社会文化对公共卫生的贡献之间的相互作用的基本理解[2]。为了应对日益严重的公共卫生问题，2004年，世界卫生大会批准了《全球饮食、体育活动和健康战略》，其总体目标是通过关注主要风险因素来预防慢性病[3]。2010年，第一届非传染性疾病网络（NCDnet）全球论坛标志着世界卫生组织首次召集主要利益攸关方小组，以解决非传染性疾病造成的大规模和日益增加的全球卫生和发展负担[4]。成立慢性病行动小组的目的是激励、维持和监测努力的实施情况，以促进国家、区域和全球预防和控制非传染性慢性病的行动[5]。美国国家心肺血液研究所（NHLBI）和世界上最大的健康和福利公司之一联合健康集团（United Health Group）通过支持全球低收入和中等收入国家的卓越中心（COE）合作网络，建立了对抗慢性病的合作关系[6]。2010年2月，由向风岛研究和教育基金会领导的一项体育促进健康倡议，包括圣乔治大学公共卫生和预防医学系（SGU-DPHPM）和格林纳达皇家警察部队（RGPF）[7]，在格林纳达各地开展了一系列以社区为基础的活动，开始开展预防慢性病的服务活动。2010年，联合国儿童基金会与格林纳达皇家警察部队（RGPF）和特种部队（SSU）合作，制定了一项基于社区的计划，格林纳达公民可以在Saline角、La Sagese、Grenville、Tanteen和Gouyave四个人口中心获得体能训练计划和设施。如今，有600多人积极参与该计划，为体育活动提供了一个经济高效、支持性的环境[7]。格林纳达的体育促进健康项目旨在通过制定体育锻炼干预计划来整合成功的预防战略，该计划可供全体格林纳达人口使用。该计划的目标是与SGU的训练营、高中和格林纳达学生建立合作关系；对参与者的健康指标进行基线测量，以便随着时间的推移进行监测；向不同的参赛群体介绍体育活动和体育锻炼；制定一个可持续的计划，该计划已被证明可以预防慢性病，并促进幸福和整体健康。体育促进健康项目不仅有望预防格林纳达非传染性慢性病的流行，还将提供一种教育公众保持健康生活方式和促进格林纳达人整体福祉的手段[7]。
{"title":"An evaluation of the loss to follow up participants from the sports for health project in grenada: analysis comparing body mass index and waist-to-hip ratios between","authors":"","doi":"10.31488/heph.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31488/heph.113","url":null,"abstract":"Background In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) re-emphasized the importance of non-communicable chronic diseases as a neglected global health issue, annually contributing to 36 million deaths. Cardiovascular disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and chronic respiratory diseases are responsible for more than half of all deaths worldwide, 80% of which occur in low-income and middle-income countries. Many non-communicable chronic diseases share common risk factors, some of which include tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diets and alcohol abuse (WHO, 2013). The WHO has projected a 15% global increase of deaths attributed to non-communicable chronic diseases between 2010 and 2020 due to population growth, population aging and economic, behavioral, occupational and environmental transitions [1]. It has been suggested that perhaps coordinated efforts by national leaders be implemented to strengthen chronic disease prevention and control efforts, which requires an increased commitment by fostering collaborations with partners in the public and private sectors. Rigorous and diverse research and thorough evaluations of existing projects will also enrich our basic understanding of disease causation and the interplay between biological, environmental, and sociocultural contributors to public health [2]. In an effort to combat the rising public health issue, in 2004, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, with the overall goal to prevent chronic diseases by focusing on the main risk factors [3]. In 2010, the first Global Forum of the Non-communicable Disease Network (NCDnet) marked the first time the WHO convened key stakeholder groups to address the large-scale and increasing global health and development burden posed by NCDs [4]. The Chronic Disease Action Group was established with the purpose to inspire, maintain, and monitor implementation of efforts to promote national, regional, and global action to prevent and control non-communicable chronic diseases [5]. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and United Health Group, one of the world’s largest health and well being companies, have forged a collaboration to counter chronic disease by supporting a collaborative global network of centers of excellence (COE) in low and middle income countries throughout the world [6]. In February 2010, a Sports for Health initiative led by the Windward Island Research and Education Foundation included St. George’s University Department of Public Health and Preventative Medicine (SGU-DPHPM) and Royal Grenada Police Force (RGPF) [7] established a series of community-based activities throughout Grenada to begin service activities for prevention of chronic disease prevention. In 2010, WINDREF in collaboration with the Royal Grenada Police Force (RGPF) and Special Services Unit (SSU), developed a community based program where citizens of Grenada could access physical training program","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49468921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity worldwide, lifestyle interventions must be made in order to improve health and decrease the risk for chronic disease. While nutritional intervention, physical exercise, weight management, and oral medications can all be used for glycemic control, no specific criteria for dietary modifications have been established in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, the limited generalizability of past studies has failed to assess these nutritional approaches from a social ecological standpoint. Consequently, by comparing the metabolic effects of a low carbohydrate, low fat, Mediterranean style, vegan, and vegetarian diet, it will be possible determine the long-term efficacy of such nutritional interventions. Moreover, these dietary treatments can be used to control and prevent the onset of T2DM through intrapersonal and interpersonal level modifications. However, further emphasis must be placed on T2DM management in order to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications.
{"title":"Dietary modifications used for the treatment of type ii diabetes in adults","authors":"S. Pichainarongk, S. Bidaisee","doi":"10.33140/ijdmd.04.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/ijdmd.04.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity worldwide, lifestyle interventions must be made in order to improve\u0000health and decrease the risk for chronic disease. While nutritional intervention, physical exercise, weight management, and\u0000oral medications can all be used for glycemic control, no specific criteria for dietary modifications have been established\u0000in the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Additionally, the limited generalizability of past studies has failed to\u0000assess these nutritional approaches from a social ecological standpoint. Consequently, by comparing the metabolic effects\u0000of a low carbohydrate, low fat, Mediterranean style, vegan, and vegetarian diet, it will be possible determine the long-term\u0000efficacy of such nutritional interventions. Moreover, these dietary treatments can be used to control and prevent the onset of\u0000T2DM through intrapersonal and interpersonal level modifications. However, further emphasis must be placed on T2DM\u0000management in order to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications.","PeriodicalId":93290,"journal":{"name":"Health education and public health","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41302410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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