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Cholestasis in neonates with fetal growth restriction 胎儿生长受限新生儿的胆汁淤积症
Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.3.022
Bhavishya Devireddy, Archana Lingannan, Indira Chandrasekar
Background: Neonatal Cholestasis (NC) is a sign of hepatobiliary disorder due to various etiologies. In the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) extensive evaluvation is done to rule out treatable causes. Neonates with fetal growth retardation (FGR) have an increased incidence of cholestasis.Aim: To determine the prevalence, management, additional healthcare cost and outcome of cholestasis in neonates born with FGR.Methods: Retrospective review of all neonates admitted to the NICU at Valley Children’s Hospital, from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022 was done. Data of the infants with FGR was collected.Results: Of 2850 infants admitted in the 2-year period, 42 had a birth weight of less than 10th percentile, of which 19 developed cholestasis (45%). 12 of the 19 infants were preterm infants and 7 were term infants. Average gestational age at birth was 31.6 and average direct bilirubin of 5.2 mg/dL. The average length of stay was 54 days Of the 19 infants who developed NC, 8 were discharged on ursodiol and followed up in gastroenterology clinic. 17 showed resolution of NC within 6 months of discharge. Some infants underwent extensive work-up. Costs for the work-up added up to an average of $8,920.Conclusion: Prognosis for NC in the FGR neonates appears to be good with resolution in our study population within the first year of life. Hence, it may be safe to monitor these neonates with outpatient followup with early limited evaluation until complete resolution of cholestasis.
背景:新生儿胆汁淤积症(NC新生儿胆汁淤积症(NC)是由各种病因引起的肝胆疾病的一种表现。在新生儿重症监护室(NICU)中,需要进行广泛的评估以排除可治疗的病因。目的:确定患有胎儿生长迟缓(FGR)的新生儿胆汁淤积症的发病率、管理、额外医疗费用和结果:方法:对 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 12 月 31 日期间入住山谷儿童医院新生儿重症监护室的所有新生儿进行回顾性分析。收集了患有 FGR 的婴儿的数据:在这两年期间收治的 2850 名婴儿中,有 42 名婴儿的出生体重低于第 10 百分位数,其中 19 名婴儿(45%)出现胆汁淤积症。19 名婴儿中有 12 名早产儿,7 名足月婴儿。出生时的平均胎龄为 31.6 岁,平均直接胆红素为 5.2 毫克/分升。在出现 NC 的 19 名婴儿中,8 名婴儿在服用乌索地尔后出院,并在胃肠病诊所接受了随访。17名婴儿在出院后6个月内NC症状消失。一些婴儿接受了广泛的检查。检查费用平均为 8920 美元:结论:FGR新生儿的NC预后良好,在我们的研究人群中,NC在出生后第一年内即可缓解。因此,在胆汁淤积症完全缓解之前,对这些新生儿进行门诊随访和早期有限评估的监测可能是安全的。
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引用次数: 0
Frequency and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity among preterm neonates in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh 孟加拉国一家三级护理医院早产新生儿早产儿视网膜病变的发病率和风险因素
Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.3.021
Md. Abdul Mannan
Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a leading cause of childhood blindness, occurs in premature babies. Several factors like perinatal infection, inflammation, hypoxia, hypercapnia, higher oxygen support etc. have been attributed to the cause. Identifying the potentially modifiable risk factors will contribute to making preventive strategy.Objective: To identify the frequency and risk factors of ROP in premature babies.Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology of BSMMU after approval from the institutional review board over a period of twelve months. Infants born <35 completed weeks, weighing <2000 g admitted in NICU are included in this study. After enrollment, screening for ROP was done at 20 days for the baby -gestational age of ≤ 30 weeks or birth weight ≤ 1200 g and at 30 days for the baby- gestational age ≤ 35 weeks or birth weight ≤ 2000g. ROP screening test was done by a pediatric ophthalmologist with indirect Ophthalmoscope. The outcome measures were the frequency and risk factors of ROP.Results: Between 2021 and 2022, 154 infants born ≤ 35 weeks gestation, weighing ≤ 2000 g were screened for ROP. Among the studied cases 30 (19.5%) patients had ROP. Among the 30 patients, 16 (53.33%) had AP-ROP, 3 (10%) had plus disease and 3 (10%) had stage IV (6.67%) ROP. Among the newborns diagnosed with ROP, 23 (76.67%) required treatments. Among them, Inj. Avastin was given to 18 (78.26%) patients, 5 (21.7%) needed Laser therapy but none of them required surgery. Univariate analysis showed risk of ROP was significantly higher in lower gestational age and lower birth weight group. Frequency of sepsis, duration of oxygen support, need for CPAP, hospital stay, and Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were significantly higher among ROP group. Antenatal corticosteroid significantly lowered the risk of ROP. Multivariate analysis also showed that antenatal corticosteroid had protective effect against ROP and prematurity, lower birth weight, sepsis, longer duration of oxygen therapy, and longer duration of hospital stay increased the risk of ROP.Conclusions: This prospective observational study showed frequency of ROP was 19.5%. Prematurity, lower birth weight, lack of antenatal-corticosteroid, sepsis, longer duration of oxygen support, and longer hospital stay are some potential risk factors of developing ROP
背景:早产儿视网膜病变(ROP早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)是导致儿童失明的主要原因,多发于早产儿。围产期感染、炎症、缺氧、高碳酸血症、高氧支持等多种因素都是导致早产儿视网膜病变的原因。确定潜在的可改变的风险因素将有助于制定预防策略:确定早产儿发生视网膜病变的频率和风险因素:这项前瞻性观察研究是在获得机构审查委员会批准后,在 BSMMU 新生儿科进行的,为期 12 个月。研究对象包括出生周数小于 35 周、体重小于 2000 克、入住新生儿重症监护室的婴儿。入院后,胎龄≤30周或出生体重≤1200克的婴儿在20天时进行视网膜病变筛查,胎龄≤35周或出生体重≤2000克的婴儿在30天时进行视网膜病变筛查。早产儿视网膜病变筛查由儿科眼科医生使用间接眼底镜进行。结果显示,在2021年至2022年期间,共出生了220名新生儿:结果:2021 年至 2022 年期间,共有 154 名出生时妊娠周数小于 35 周、体重小于 2000 克的婴儿接受了视网膜病变筛查。研究病例中有 30 例(19.5%)患有早产儿视网膜病变。在这 30 名患者中,16 人(53.33%)患有 AP 型视网膜病变,3 人(10%)患有附加病变,3 人(10%)患有 IV 期视网膜病变(6.67%)。在确诊患有视网膜病变的新生儿中,23 名(76.67%)需要接受治疗。其中,18 名新生儿(76.67%)接受了阿瓦斯汀注射。18名(78.26%)患者使用了阿瓦斯汀注射液,5名(21.7%)患者需要激光治疗,但没有人需要手术。单变量分析表明,胎龄较小和出生体重较轻组患上视网膜病变的风险明显较高。在 ROP 组中,脓毒症发生率、氧气支持时间、CPAP 需求、住院时间和脑室内出血(IVH)均明显较高。产前使用皮质类固醇可明显降低发生 ROP 的风险。多变量分析还显示,产前使用皮质类固醇对早产儿视网膜病变有保护作用,而早产、出生体重较轻、败血症、氧疗时间较长和住院时间较长则会增加早产儿视网膜病变的风险:这项前瞻性观察研究显示,视网膜病变的发生率为 19.5%。早产、出生体重较轻、缺乏产前皮质类固醇、脓毒症、氧支持时间较长以及住院时间较长是发生视网膜病变的一些潜在风险因素。
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引用次数: 0
Pediatric telemedicine and abdominal pain in children 儿科远程医疗与儿童腹痛
Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.3.020
S. Bittmann
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引用次数: 0
A Solitary Infantile Myofibroma – Case Report 孤立性婴儿肌纤维瘤1例报告
Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24966/ncp-878x/100103
S. Miranda
Infantile Myofibroma (IM) is a rare, benign tumor that affects infants and young children, presenting as a solitary or multicentric nodular mass involving the skin, muscles, bones, and/or visceral organs
婴儿肌纤维瘤(IM)是一种罕见的良性肿瘤,多发于婴幼儿,表现为单发或多中心结节性肿块,累及皮肤、肌肉、骨骼和/或内脏器官
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引用次数: 0
Obstructive shock as presentation of an abdominal mass - Case Report 梗阻性休克表现为腹部肿块- 1例报告
Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.24966/ncp-878x/100104
Joana Vilaça
Obstructive shock is the least common type of pediatric shock. It results from obstruction of cardiac output, with intra-abdominal masses being a rare cause
梗阻性休克是小儿休克中最不常见的一种。它是由心排血量梗阻引起的,腹内肿块是一种罕见的原因
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引用次数: 0
Quality of stillbirth and neonatal death audit in Malawi: A descriptive observational study 马拉维的死产质量和新生儿死亡审计:一项描述性观察性研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.2.018
M. Gondwe, N. Desmond, M. Aminu, S. Allen
WHO developed a guideline for implementing stillbirth and neonatal death audits at healthcare facilities in 2016. Like many other poor resource countries, stillbirths and neonatal deaths rates remain high in Malawi despite implementation of audit. This paper assesses the quality of facility-based stillbirth and neonatal death audit implementation in Malawian hospitals and provides recommendations for improvement. In accordance with the WHO audit guidelines, we applied mixed methods to determine the quality of audit implementation in seven hospitals in Malawi. We reviewed hospital surveillance data; audit document forms and action plans. We sought staff perceptions and opinions through a questionnaire and interviews and observed audit meetings. Quantitative data was analysed using IBM SPSS 26.0 and presented using frequencies and proportions. Qualitative data were analysed using predefined themes in a survey guide. The frequency of audits and number of stillbirth and neonatal deaths audited varied significantly between hospitals. No hospital had national audit guidelines. Deficiencies included limited information on neonatal death audit data collection and reporting tools, incomplete documentation, lack of senior staff commitment and a blame or shame atmosphere. Audit meetings often did not start with review of ward statistics, previous minutes and follow-up as to whether previous recommendations had been implemented. Challenges in analysing audit information and recommending solutions resulted in lowquality action plans. No objective evidence was found that audit recommendations were implemented. Assessed according to WHO guidelines, audits were of low quality resulting in challenges in identifying and addressing factors contributing to mortality. We recommend regular audit implementation, with completion of audit cycles for audit to contribute to mortality reduction.
世界卫生组织于2016年制定了在医疗机构实施死产和新生儿死亡审计的指南。与许多其他资源贫乏的国家一样,尽管实施了审计,马拉维的死产和新生儿死亡率仍然很高。本文评估了马拉维医院基于设施的死产和新生儿死亡审计的实施质量,并提出了改进建议。根据世界卫生组织的审计准则,我们采用混合方法来确定马拉维七家医院的审计执行质量。我们审查了医院监测数据;审计文件表格和行动计划。我们通过问卷调查和访谈以及观察审计会议,征求了工作人员的看法和意见。定量数据使用IBM SPSS 26.0进行分析,并使用频率和比例进行呈现。使用调查指南中预定义的主题对定性数据进行了分析。不同医院的审计频率以及审计的死产和新生儿死亡人数差异很大。没有一家医院有国家审计准则。不足之处包括新生儿死亡审计数据收集和报告工具方面的信息有限、文件不完整、高级工作人员缺乏承诺以及指责或羞辱气氛。审计会议通常不会从审查病房统计数据、之前的会议记录和跟进之前的建议是否得到执行开始。分析审计信息和建议解决方案方面的挑战导致行动计划质量低下。没有发现任何客观证据表明审计建议得到执行。根据世界卫生组织的指导方针进行评估,审计质量低,导致在确定和解决导致死亡率的因素方面面临挑战。我们建议定期实施审计,完成审计周期,以帮助降低死亡率。
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引用次数: 2
Investigation of urinary β2 microglobulin; substitute for interferon-γ as a suppressor of pulmonary fibrosis in a preterm with chronic lung disease following intrauterine infection 尿β2微球蛋白的研究替代干扰素-γ作为子宫内感染后慢性肺部疾病早产儿肺纤维化的抑制因子
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.2.017
Toshihiko Nakamura, Michiko Kusakari, Kana Ito, Shota Inoue, Eisuke Fukama, T. Nomura, D. Hatanaka, Hidehiro Takahashi
We experienced a female infant weighing 866 g at birth after 28 weeks 1 day gestation with apparent intrauterine infection. Bi-level-nasal CPAP was selected for respiratory management as a strategy to minimize the severity of chronic lung disease (CLD). As a result, she survived the acute phase without tracheal intubation and improved without requiring home oxygen therapy. Her urinary β2 microglobulin (u-BMG) in the early neonatal period was less than the cutoff value of 100,000 μg/gCr for the onset of CLD. However, her u-BMG then rose to a markedly high value that peaked at 3 weeks after birth. Her serum KL-6 was markedly high early after birth and increased sharply to a peak of 3016 U/mL on day 9. The increase in KL-6 in the early postnatal period indicated that lung tissue had already been injured by intrauterine inflammation, and although postnatal tracheal intubation was avoided, spontaneous breathing inevitably additionally injured the immature lung. It appears that substantial repair had occurred with fibrosis. It should be noted that the peak of u-BMG was delayed by more than 10 days from the peak of KL-6. This may suggest that the inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ, which increases the production of BMG, had not only an inflammatory effect that exacerbates lung damage, but also a biological self-defense effect that mainly suppresses lung fibrosis.
我们经历了一个出生后28周1天体重866克的女婴明显宫内感染。选择双水平鼻腔CPAP作为呼吸管理策略,以尽量减少慢性肺部疾病(CLD)的严重程度。结果,她在没有气管插管的情况下度过了急性期,并且在不需要家庭氧气治疗的情况下病情有所好转。新生儿早期尿β2微球蛋白(u-BMG)低于CLD发病临界值100000 μg/gCr。然而,她的u-BMG随后上升到明显的高值,在出生后3周达到顶峰。出生后早期血清KL-6明显偏高,在第9天急剧升高至3016 U/mL的峰值。产后早期KL-6的升高表明肺组织已经受到宫内炎症的损伤,虽然避免了产后气管插管,但自然呼吸不可避免地对未成熟的肺造成了额外的损伤。纤维化似乎发生了实质性的修复。值得注意的是,u-BMG的峰值比KL-6的峰值晚了10天以上。这可能提示炎症细胞因子干扰素-γ增加BMG的产生,不仅具有加重肺损伤的炎症作用,而且具有主要抑制肺纤维化的生物自卫作用。
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引用次数: 0
Congenital Cytomegalovirus screening in newborns: Current status in the United States 新生儿先天性巨细胞病毒筛查:美国现状
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.2.019
S. Nafday
Targeted hearing screening for congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) with CMV polymerase chain reaction testing completed before 3 weeks of age for infants who fail newborn hearing screening is a reasonable option to improve cCMV related non-genetic sensory-neural hearing loss (SNHL). Universal cCMV screening using dried blood spots that is used on almost newborn infants has the potential to benefit those children at risk for SNHL and will be a great public health option.
对新生儿听力筛查失败的婴儿,在3周前完成先天性巨细胞病毒(cCMV)的定向听力筛查,并进行CMV聚合酶链式反应检测,是改善与cCMV相关的非遗传性感觉神经性听力损失(SNHL)的合理选择。使用干血点对几乎新生儿进行通用cCMV筛查,有可能使那些有SNHL风险的儿童受益,这将是一个很好的公共卫生选择。
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引用次数: 0
Epigenetics of pediatric liver cancer and potential therapy 儿童癌症的表观遗传学及其潜在治疗
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.1.015
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引用次数: 0
Hypothermic neuroprotection following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: medico-legal implications 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病后的低温神经保护:医学-法律意义
Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.1.014
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of clinical pediatrics and neonatology
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