Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1728
R. Brink, C. Mehrtens, H. Maguire
clature and ages of the basal sandstone units that outcrop in the St. Lawrence lowlands and Champlain Valley of New York, Quebec, Ontario and Vermont, (e.g., Landing et al. 2009, Sanford & Arnott 2010, Lowe et al. 2017) there is a need for detailed description and interpretation of the stratigraphy that records the onlap of the Laurentian Craton in the Cambrian. While Landing et al. (2009) identified fossils and generally described the Altona Formation as a shallow marine deposit, the greater detail of section measurement and description in this study permit more refined environmental interpretations. This study presents detailed compositional and sedimentologic descriptions and interpretation of the Altona Formation, the basal transgressive unit in the Cambrian sequence in the region northeast of the Adirondack Massif. We hope our data will shed light on regional paleogeographic questions, such as provenance and sediment transport patterns and regional correlations. Regional stratigraphy and geologic setting
{"title":"Sedimentology and petrography of a lower Cambrian transgressive sequence: Altona Formation (Potsdam Group) in northeastern New York","authors":"R. Brink, C. Mehrtens, H. Maguire","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1728","url":null,"abstract":"clature and ages of the basal sandstone units that outcrop in the St. Lawrence lowlands and Champlain Valley of New York, Quebec, Ontario and Vermont, (e.g., Landing et al. 2009, Sanford & Arnott 2010, Lowe et al. 2017) there is a need for detailed description and interpretation of the stratigraphy that records the onlap of the Laurentian Craton in the Cambrian. While Landing et al. (2009) identified fossils and generally described the Altona Formation as a shallow marine deposit, the greater detail of section measurement and description in this study permit more refined environmental interpretations. This study presents detailed compositional and sedimentologic descriptions and interpretation of the Altona Formation, the basal transgressive unit in the Cambrian sequence in the region northeast of the Adirondack Massif. We hope our data will shed light on regional paleogeographic questions, such as provenance and sediment transport patterns and regional correlations. Regional stratigraphy and geologic setting","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"369-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43677182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1734
A. Pedder
“Hamilton group” of the region of Mackenzie River and Porcupine River Russian America, were named and briefly described by Meek in 1868. Their collection before that date in remote land-locked areas inevitably means that the localities provided could only have been very approximate. Both species were based on a single specimen and placed in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, now the United States National Museum. The specimen from Alaska, named Palaeocyclus kirbyi is lost (Bassler 1937, p. 190). Since no additional material is available the species is mentioned in the present work only as a questionable synonym of Meek’s other 1868 species. The holotype of Meek’s second discoid coral, named Combophyllum multiradiatum, is extant but is severely water-warn and is from an unknown formation and local ity. With access to about 20 collections cont aining C. mul t i radiatum, some from carefully measured stratigraphic sections, it has been possible to re-interpret the lithoas well as the biostratigraphy of C. multira diatum. More than a hundred specimens of the species have been identified, providing new data on its variable morphology. Although the family and genus status have changed, no formal taxonomic treatment has become available since the species was proposed one and a half-centuries ago. Published comments are restricted to Bassler’s comments that the holotype is a water-worn circular disc, 18 mm wide, about 3 mm thick and that it belongs to Microcyclus, and McLaren’s observation (1962, p. 12) that longitudinal sections of the species show it to be correctly identified with the Hadrophyllidae. After discussion of the Hadrophyllidae the present work raises one of its previously constituent sub -
1868年，米克命名并简要描述了俄美麦肯齐河和豪猪河地区的“汉密尔顿群”。在此之前，它们在偏远的内陆地区收集，这不可避免地意味着所提供的地点只能非常接近。这两个物种都是基于一个单一的标本，并被放置在史密森学会博物馆，即现在的美国国家博物馆。来自阿拉斯加的标本，名为Palaeocylus kirbyi，已经遗失（Bassler 1937，第190页）。由于没有其他可用的材料，该物种在本工作中仅作为米克其他1868个物种的可疑同义词被提及。米克的第二个盘状珊瑚的正模标本，名为Combophyllum multiradiatum，现存，但具有严重的水警告性，来自未知的地层和当地城市。通过访问大约20个关于C.mul t i radiatum的藏品，其中一些来自仔细测量的地层剖面，可以重新解释C.multira radiatum岩石和生物地层学。已经鉴定了一百多个该物种的标本，为其可变形态提供了新的数据。尽管科和属的地位已经改变，但自一个半世纪前该物种被提出以来，还没有正式的分类学处理方法。已发表的评论仅限于Bassler的评论，即正模标本是一个水磨损的圆盘，宽18毫米，厚约3毫米，属于微环虫，以及McLaren的观察（1962年，第12页），即该物种的纵向剖面表明它与腐尸虫科正确识别。在讨论了Hadrypellidae之后，本工作提出了它以前的一个组成亚群-
{"title":"Systematics, biostratigraphy and significance of discoid and partly discoid corals from the Devonian of northwestern Canada, Ural Mountains Russia and southeastern Australia","authors":"A. Pedder","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1734","url":null,"abstract":"“Hamilton group” of the region of Mackenzie River and Porcupine River Russian America, were named and briefly described by Meek in 1868. Their collection before that date in remote land-locked areas inevitably means that the localities provided could only have been very approximate. Both species were based on a single specimen and placed in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, now the United States National Museum. The specimen from Alaska, named Palaeocyclus kirbyi is lost (Bassler 1937, p. 190). Since no additional material is available the species is mentioned in the present work only as a questionable synonym of Meek’s other 1868 species. The holotype of Meek’s second discoid coral, named Combophyllum multiradiatum, is extant but is severely water-warn and is from an unknown formation and local ity. With access to about 20 collections cont aining C. mul t i radiatum, some from carefully measured stratigraphic sections, it has been possible to re-interpret the lithoas well as the biostratigraphy of C. multira diatum. More than a hundred specimens of the species have been identified, providing new data on its variable morphology. Although the family and genus status have changed, no formal taxonomic treatment has become available since the species was proposed one and a half-centuries ago. Published comments are restricted to Bassler’s comments that the holotype is a water-worn circular disc, 18 mm wide, about 3 mm thick and that it belongs to Microcyclus, and McLaren’s observation (1962, p. 12) that longitudinal sections of the species show it to be correctly identified with the Hadrophyllidae. After discussion of the Hadrophyllidae the present work raises one of its previously constituent sub -","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44628473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.3140/BULL.GEOSCI.1743
J. S. Peel
The gastropod Bobellis oliveri gen. et sp. nov. is described from carbonate mounds of the Samuelsen Hoj Formation (early Silurian) within the Washington Land Group of North Greenland (Laurentia). I ...
腹足类Bobellis oliveri gen. et sp. 11 .是在北格陵兰岛(Laurentia)华盛顿陆群Samuelsen Hoj组(早志留世)的碳酸盐丘中发现的。我…
{"title":"Bobellis oliveri gen. et sp. nov. from the Silurian of North Greenland (Laurentia) and the systematic position of pycnomphaline gastropods.","authors":"J. S. Peel","doi":"10.3140/BULL.GEOSCI.1743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/BULL.GEOSCI.1743","url":null,"abstract":"The gastropod Bobellis oliveri gen. et sp. nov. is described from carbonate mounds of the Samuelsen Hoj Formation (early Silurian) within the Washington Land Group of North Greenland (Laurentia). I ...","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43970339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1696
V. Suchý, J. Filip, I. Sýkorová, J. Pešek, Dagmar Kořínková
the technique of apatite fission track (AFT) analysis (AFTA) to various geological formations in order to reconstruct their low-temperature thermo-chronologies, exhumation rates and/or landscape geomorphological evolution (see also Lisker et al. 2009, Green & Duddy 2012 and Enkelmann & Garver 2016 for reviews on AFTA applications to geology). With respect to the Bohemian Massif, most of these studies have concentrated on its peripheral zones, where the AFTA technique documented an intensive Mesozoic denudation (e.g. Hejl et al. 1997, 2003; Thomson & Zeh 2000; Ventura & Lisker 2003;
{"title":"Palaeo-thermal and coalification history of Permo- Carboniferous sedimentary basins of Central and Western Bohemia, Czech Republic: first insights from apatite fission track analysis and vitrinite reflectance modelling","authors":"V. Suchý, J. Filip, I. Sýkorová, J. Pešek, Dagmar Kořínková","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1696","url":null,"abstract":"the technique of apatite fission track (AFT) analysis (AFTA) to various geological formations in order to reconstruct their low-temperature thermo-chronologies, exhumation rates and/or landscape geomorphological evolution (see also Lisker et al. 2009, Green & Duddy 2012 and Enkelmann & Garver 2016 for reviews on AFTA applications to geology). With respect to the Bohemian Massif, most of these studies have concentrated on its peripheral zones, where the AFTA technique documented an intensive Mesozoic denudation (e.g. Hejl et al. 1997, 2003; Thomson & Zeh 2000; Ventura & Lisker 2003;","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45333031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1739
V. Baranov, C. Hoffeins, H. Hoffeins, J. Haug
of the diversity within Holometabola results from only four hyperdiverse lineages, one of which is Diptera. Nonbiting midges (Chironomidae) have been considered to be among the most successful ingroups of Diptera in the history of the group (Marshall 2012). There are at least 6300 formally described extant species of Chironomidae. Their larvae have colonized most of the available freshwater habitats, as well as some marine, sub-terrain and terrestrial habitats (Langton 1995, Ferrington 2008, Andersen et al. 2016). Terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae are important for our understanding of the physiology and evolutionary biology of the group. The reason for that lies in the habitation of the larvae in non-aquatic habitats, such as wet soil, dung, leaf-litter, moss carpets etc., which is generally considered to be a secondary specialisation for the group (Langton 1995, Delettre 2005). Therefore, for long, terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae have been considered as models for desiccation adaptation, osmoregulation and cryptobiosis (Frouz 1997, 2010; Wichard et al. 2002). In extant ecosystems representatives of Chiro nomidae with terrestrial larvae are most common in areas with tropical or moderate climate and high saturation of the air with water vapor (Andersen et al. 2015, 2016; Zelentsov et al. 2012). The fossil record is usually devoid of terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae, as these are not normally found in the areas of the active sedimentation (i.e. lake basins, river deltas; e.g. Wichard et al. 2009). Nevertheless, some amber deposits have a rather high proportion of adult non-biting midges that should possess terrestrial larvae, based on phylogenetic reasoning (Zelentsov et al. 2012). In Rovno amber in particular, the share of such adult morphotypes of Chironomidae reaches 40.1% (Zelentsov et al. 2012). Such morphotypes are also relatively abundant in Baltic and Bitterfeld (Saxonian) ambers (Hoffeins & Hoffeins 2003, Seredszus & Wichard 2007). Giving the abundance of these adult morphotypes, we should expect to find corresponding immature stages, hence terrestrial larval representatives of Chironomidae in Eocene amber deposits (Zelentsov et al. 2012). Such a probability is even increasing due to the relatively high abundance of bryophytes, which serve as a substrate for modern terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae, in amber (Weitschat & Wichard 2010). Indeed, Andersen et al. (2015) reported the exuvia of a pupa of Chironomidae from Rovno amber, more precisely a possible repre sentative
{"title":"More than dead males: reconstructing the ontogenetic series of terrestrial non-biting midges from the Eocene amber forest","authors":"V. Baranov, C. Hoffeins, H. Hoffeins, J. Haug","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1739","url":null,"abstract":"of the diversity within Holometabola results from only four hyperdiverse lineages, one of which is Diptera. Nonbiting midges (Chironomidae) have been considered to be among the most successful ingroups of Diptera in the history of the group (Marshall 2012). There are at least 6300 formally described extant species of Chironomidae. Their larvae have colonized most of the available freshwater habitats, as well as some marine, sub-terrain and terrestrial habitats (Langton 1995, Ferrington 2008, Andersen et al. 2016). Terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae are important for our understanding of the physiology and evolutionary biology of the group. The reason for that lies in the habitation of the larvae in non-aquatic habitats, such as wet soil, dung, leaf-litter, moss carpets etc., which is generally considered to be a secondary specialisation for the group (Langton 1995, Delettre 2005). Therefore, for long, terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae have been considered as models for desiccation adaptation, osmoregulation and cryptobiosis (Frouz 1997, 2010; Wichard et al. 2002). In extant ecosystems representatives of Chiro nomidae with terrestrial larvae are most common in areas with tropical or moderate climate and high saturation of the air with water vapor (Andersen et al. 2015, 2016; Zelentsov et al. 2012). The fossil record is usually devoid of terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae, as these are not normally found in the areas of the active sedimentation (i.e. lake basins, river deltas; e.g. Wichard et al. 2009). Nevertheless, some amber deposits have a rather high proportion of adult non-biting midges that should possess terrestrial larvae, based on phylogenetic reasoning (Zelentsov et al. 2012). In Rovno amber in particular, the share of such adult morphotypes of Chironomidae reaches 40.1% (Zelentsov et al. 2012). Such morphotypes are also relatively abundant in Baltic and Bitterfeld (Saxonian) ambers (Hoffeins & Hoffeins 2003, Seredszus & Wichard 2007). Giving the abundance of these adult morphotypes, we should expect to find corresponding immature stages, hence terrestrial larval representatives of Chironomidae in Eocene amber deposits (Zelentsov et al. 2012). Such a probability is even increasing due to the relatively high abundance of bryophytes, which serve as a substrate for modern terrestrial larvae of Chironomidae, in amber (Weitschat & Wichard 2010). Indeed, Andersen et al. (2015) reported the exuvia of a pupa of Chironomidae from Rovno amber, more precisely a possible repre sentative","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42812624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1741
A. Ivanov, S. Lucas
at several localities across New Mexico, USA (Zidek & Kietzke 1993; Lucas & Estep 2000; Ivanov et al. 2009; Lucas et al. 2011; Hodnett & Lucas 2015, 2017; Itano & Lucas 2018). But, despite extensive field study, extremely diverse assemblages of fossil fishes with numerous isolated microand rare macroremains have proven to be elusive. This has been changed by the discovery of fish fossils in a conglomerate bed (so called “shark bed”) of the Horquilla Formation in the Robledo Mountains of Doña Ana County, southern New Mexico, USA (Fig. 1). The chondrichthyan remains here described from this bed are isolated teeth of bransonelliforms, symmoriiforms, a ctenacanthiform, a jalodontid, a euselachian, indetermi n ate protacrodontid and hybodontiform, anachronistid neoselachians, an orodontiform, a helodontiform, a euge neo dontiform, indeterminate petalodontiform, psepho dontid and euchondrocephalian; as well as the buccopharyngeal denticles of symmoriiforms; and scales of various types. Rare acanthodian scales, and several actino pterygian teeth and scales also occur in this assemblage. Besides the diverse fish assemblage from the Horquilla Formation of the Robledo Mountains, some new records of Paleozoic chondrichthyans in New Mexico that were not included in recent reviews (Hodnett & Lucas 2015, 2017) are also documented here. These new occurrences increase the taxonomic diversity in the fish assemblages, and represent some taxa that are recorded in New Mexico for the first time: the fin spine of Ctenacanthus in the Upper Devonian and the teeth of Bransonella and Sphena canthus in the Middle Pennsylvanian.
在美国新墨西哥州的几个地方(Zidek & Kietzke 1993;Lucas & Estep 2000;Ivanov et al. 2009;Lucas et al. 2011;Hodnett & Lucas 2015, 2017;Itano & Lucas 2018)。但是，尽管进行了广泛的实地研究，但极其多样化的鱼类化石组合以及许多孤立的微型和罕见的大型遗骸已被证明是难以捉摸的。在美国新墨西哥州南部的Doña Ana县的Robledo山脉的Horquilla组的砾岩层(所谓的“鲨鱼层”)中发现的鱼类化石改变了这一点(图1)。这里描述的从这个层中发现的软骨鱼化石是独立的牙齿，包括:branonelliforms, symmoriiforms，一个十棘类，一个jalodontid，一个真棘类，不确定的原齿类和下颌齿形，错误的新塞拉achians，一个orodontiform，一个helodontiform，巨大的新齿形，不确定的瓣齿形，圆齿形和真软骨头类;以及同形虫的咽齿;以及各种类型的音阶。在这个组合中也出现了罕见的棘棘目鳞片和一些活动翼龙的牙齿和鳞片。除了来自Robledo山脉Horquilla组的各种鱼类组合外，新墨西哥州的一些古生代软骨鱼类的新记录也被记录下来，这些记录没有包括在最近的评论中(Hodnett & Lucas 2015, 2017)。这些新发现增加了鱼类组合的分类多样性，并代表了新墨西哥州首次记录的一些分类群:上泥盆世的Ctenacanthus鳍棘和中宾夕法尼亚的Bransonella和Sphena - canthus的牙齿。
{"title":"Late Pennsylvanian fish assemblage from the Robledo Mountains and new records of Paleozoic chondrichthyans in New Mexico, USA","authors":"A. Ivanov, S. Lucas","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1741","url":null,"abstract":"at several localities across New Mexico, USA (Zidek & Kietzke 1993; Lucas & Estep 2000; Ivanov et al. 2009; Lucas et al. 2011; Hodnett & Lucas 2015, 2017; Itano & Lucas 2018). But, despite extensive field study, extremely diverse assemblages of fossil fishes with numerous isolated microand rare macroremains have proven to be elusive. This has been changed by the discovery of fish fossils in a conglomerate bed (so called “shark bed”) of the Horquilla Formation in the Robledo Mountains of Doña Ana County, southern New Mexico, USA (Fig. 1). The chondrichthyan remains here described from this bed are isolated teeth of bransonelliforms, symmoriiforms, a ctenacanthiform, a jalodontid, a euselachian, indetermi n ate protacrodontid and hybodontiform, anachronistid neoselachians, an orodontiform, a helodontiform, a euge neo dontiform, indeterminate petalodontiform, psepho dontid and euchondrocephalian; as well as the buccopharyngeal denticles of symmoriiforms; and scales of various types. Rare acanthodian scales, and several actino pterygian teeth and scales also occur in this assemblage. Besides the diverse fish assemblage from the Horquilla Formation of the Robledo Mountains, some new records of Paleozoic chondrichthyans in New Mexico that were not included in recent reviews (Hodnett & Lucas 2015, 2017) are also documented here. These new occurrences increase the taxonomic diversity in the fish assemblages, and represent some taxa that are recorded in New Mexico for the first time: the fin spine of Ctenacanthus in the Upper Devonian and the teeth of Bransonella and Sphena canthus in the Middle Pennsylvanian.","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45826853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1733
B. Niebuhr
stubbornly defy a determination and interpretation for a long time – in this case an enigmatic fossil from the Upper Cretaceous of Saxony (Germany) that has been known for 150 years. In the first “Elbthal-Monographieˮ of Hanns Bruno Geinitz, a siliceous sponge named Siphonia bovista was figured for the first time (Geinitz 1871, pl. I.10, figs 5, 6; refigured here in Fig. 1). The species is “spherical compressed, partly from the top, partly from the side, about 2 inch in size and petiolate, consisting of fine, loose mesh, in which one also finds large, irregular furrows and larger depressions. The short, cylindrical stalk was inserted into the body, because the surface is slightly indented around the stalkˮ [in German: theils von oben, theils von der Seite zusammengedrückt-kugelig, circa 2′′ grozs und gestielt, aus feinem, lockerem Netzgeweben bestehend, in welchem man auch grozse, unregelmäzsige Furchen und grözsere Vertiefungen findet. Der kurze walzige Stiel ist gleichsam in den Körper eingesetzt, denn es vertieft sich die Fläche etwas rings um den Stiel (Geinitz 1842, p. 96)]; it “forms obliquely or laterally compressed spherical bulps, which are without a stalk or very short stalked and have a flat depression at their crest or to the side” [in German: bildet schiefoder seitlich zusammengedrückt kugelige Knollen, welche ungestielt oder sehr kurz gestielt sind und an ihrem, oben oder auch seitlich liegenden Scheitel eine flache Aushöhlung besitzen (Geinitz 1871, p. I.40)]. Both the descriptions (Geinitz 1842, 1871) and the illustration (Geinitz 1871, pl. I.10, figs 5, 6) clearly indicate a sponge; nobody was able to link it to the cone-like plant bodies of
在很长一段时间里，它顽固地挑战着一种决心和解释——在这种情况下，一个来自萨克森（德国）上白垩纪的神秘化石已经存在了150年。在Hanns Bruno Geinitz的第一本“Elbthal Monographeˮ”中，一种名为Siphonia bovista的硅质海绵首次出现（Geinitz 1871，pl。I.10，图5、6；在图1中对此进行了重新配置）。该物种“球形压缩，部分从顶部，部分从侧面，大小约2英寸，具叶柄，由细而松散的网状物组成，在网状物中还可以发现大而不规则的犁沟和较大的凹陷。[英文：部分从上面看，部分从侧面看，压缩球形，约2′大，有柄，由细而松散的网格组成，其中还发现了大而不规则的凹槽和较大的凹痕。短圆柱形茎插入体内，因为茎周围的表面稍微加深（Geinitz 1842，p.96）]；它“形成倾斜或横向压缩的球形凸起，没有茎或茎很短，顶部或侧面有一个平坦的凹陷”。I.40）]。描述（盖尼茨18421871）和插图（盖尼茨1871，第I.10页，图5、6）都清楚地表明了海绵；没有人能够将其与
{"title":"From animal to plant kingdom: the alleged sponge Siphonia bovista Geinitz from the Cretaceous of Saxony (Germany) in fact represents internal moulds of the cone-like plant fossil Dammarites albens Presl in Sternberg","authors":"B. Niebuhr","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1733","url":null,"abstract":"stubbornly defy a determination and interpretation for a long time – in this case an enigmatic fossil from the Upper Cretaceous of Saxony (Germany) that has been known for 150 years. In the first “Elbthal-Monographieˮ of Hanns Bruno Geinitz, a siliceous sponge named Siphonia bovista was figured for the first time (Geinitz 1871, pl. I.10, figs 5, 6; refigured here in Fig. 1). The species is “spherical compressed, partly from the top, partly from the side, about 2 inch in size and petiolate, consisting of fine, loose mesh, in which one also finds large, irregular furrows and larger depressions. The short, cylindrical stalk was inserted into the body, because the surface is slightly indented around the stalkˮ [in German: theils von oben, theils von der Seite zusammengedrückt-kugelig, circa 2′′ grozs und gestielt, aus feinem, lockerem Netzgeweben bestehend, in welchem man auch grozse, unregelmäzsige Furchen und grözsere Vertiefungen findet. Der kurze walzige Stiel ist gleichsam in den Körper eingesetzt, denn es vertieft sich die Fläche etwas rings um den Stiel (Geinitz 1842, p. 96)]; it “forms obliquely or laterally compressed spherical bulps, which are without a stalk or very short stalked and have a flat depression at their crest or to the side” [in German: bildet schiefoder seitlich zusammengedrückt kugelige Knollen, welche ungestielt oder sehr kurz gestielt sind und an ihrem, oben oder auch seitlich liegenden Scheitel eine flache Aushöhlung besitzen (Geinitz 1871, p. I.40)]. Both the descriptions (Geinitz 1842, 1871) and the illustration (Geinitz 1871, pl. I.10, figs 5, 6) clearly indicate a sponge; nobody was able to link it to the cone-like plant bodies of","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48874646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1740
M. Mergl
ian marine sedimentary succession of the Barran dian area in Central Bohemia is a classic area of the Devonian stratigraphy and palaeontology. It is the famous, rich and unique source of diverse and well-preserved fossils for more than one-and-half century (e.g. Barrande 1847, 1848, 1852, 1879). Palaeontology and history of its investigation research was reviewed many times (Chlupáč 1984, 1996, 2003 and reference herein). The present concept of stratigraphy of the Devonian sediments at Koněprusy is based on series of early studies of Chlupáč (1955, 1956, 1957, 1959) supplemented by contributions devoted to various aspects of this unique area (Chlupáč 1983, 1996, 2003; Hladil 1995). The youngest lithostratigraphic unit preserved as erosional remnant in the Koněprusy area are calcareous sandstones and shales having poor remains of terrestric flora referred to the Roblín Member of the Srbsko Formation (uppermost Eifelian to ?Givetian) (Svoboda & Prantl 1949; Kukal & Jäger 1988; Chlupáč 1998a, 2003). In the recently protected geological site at abandoned Jirásekʼs Quarry (Fig. 1), the small outcrop with unique contact of the Acanthopyge Limestone (Eifelian) with the Srbsko Formation (Givetian) was studied by Hladil et al. (1991, 1992). The youngest marine macrofauna has been observed in the limestone bed 46 above ca. 0.7 m thick interval of dark limestone (UDI: Upper dark interval = bed 45 after Hladil et al. 1991). Tabulatomorphs and stromatoporoids dominated by Caliapora ex gr. battersbyi (Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1851) from the bed 46 indicate the Eifelian–Givetian boundary interval (Hladil 1993). The UDI is correlated with the shallow water to slope equivalent of shales of the Kačák Member, Srbsko Formation. The UDI is single available section in which Eifelian–Givetian boundary is developed in a carbonate succession in the Barrandian. The fauna of UDI is poorly known, only conodonts, dacryoconarids and microvertebrates were determined. The shelly fossils are generally rare and extremely fragmental. Presence of bryozoans, brachiopods, trilobites, ostracods, forami nifers, and crinoids has been stated, but these groups were not studied so far (Hladil et al. 1991, 1992; Budil 1995).
波希米亚中部巴兰店地区的ian海相沉积序列是泥盆纪地层学和古生物学的经典区域。它是一个半世纪以来著名、丰富和独特的多样化石来源，保存完好（如巴兰德1847、1848、1852、1879）。对古生物学及其调查研究的历史进行了多次回顾（Chlupáč1984、1996、2003以及本文的参考文献）。KonŞprussy泥盆纪沉积物的当前地层学概念是基于对Chlupáč的一系列早期研究（1955年、1956年、1957年、1959年），并补充了对该独特区域各个方面的贡献（Chlupàč1983年、1996年、2003年；Hladil 1995年）。KonŞprussy地区作为侵蚀遗迹保存的最年轻的岩石地层单元是钙质砂岩和页岩，其具有少量的陆地植物群遗迹，被称为Srbsko组的Roblín段（最上层的Eifelian至？Givetian）（Svoboda&Prantl 1949；Kukal&Jäger 1988；Chlupáč1998a，2003）。在废弃的Jirásek采石场最近受到保护的地质遗址中（图1），Hladil等人研究了Acanthopyge石灰岩（Eifelian）与Srbsko组（Givetian）独特接触的小型露头。（19911992）。在ca以上的石灰岩层46中观察到最年轻的海洋大型动物群。0.7 m厚的深色石灰岩层段（UDI：上层深色层段=Hladil等人1991年之后的45层）。第46层以Caliapora ex gr.battersbyi（Milne Edwards&Haime，1851）为主的表格状体和层孔虫表明了艾菲尔阶-吉维阶边界层段（Hladil 1993）。UDI与Srbsko组Kačák段页岩的浅水至斜坡当量相关。UDI是一个单一的可用剖面，在该剖面中，巴兰迪阶碳酸盐岩序列中形成了艾菲尔阶-吉维阶边界。UDI的动物群鲜为人知，仅确定了牙形石、泪囊动物和微绒毛动物。贝壳化石通常很罕见，而且极其零碎。苔藓虫、腕足类、三叶虫、介形虫、有孔虫和海百合的存在已经被证实，但到目前为止还没有对这些类群进行研究（Hladil等人，19911992；布迪尔，1995年）。
{"title":"Lingulate brachiopods across the Kačák Event and Eifelian-Givetian boundary in the Barrandian area, Czech Republic","authors":"M. Mergl","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1740","url":null,"abstract":"ian marine sedimentary succession of the Barran dian area in Central Bohemia is a classic area of the Devonian stratigraphy and palaeontology. It is the famous, rich and unique source of diverse and well-preserved fossils for more than one-and-half century (e.g. Barrande 1847, 1848, 1852, 1879). Palaeontology and history of its investigation research was reviewed many times (Chlupáč 1984, 1996, 2003 and reference herein). The present concept of stratigraphy of the Devonian sediments at Koněprusy is based on series of early studies of Chlupáč (1955, 1956, 1957, 1959) supplemented by contributions devoted to various aspects of this unique area (Chlupáč 1983, 1996, 2003; Hladil 1995). The youngest lithostratigraphic unit preserved as erosional remnant in the Koněprusy area are calcareous sandstones and shales having poor remains of terrestric flora referred to the Roblín Member of the Srbsko Formation (uppermost Eifelian to ?Givetian) (Svoboda & Prantl 1949; Kukal & Jäger 1988; Chlupáč 1998a, 2003). In the recently protected geological site at abandoned Jirásekʼs Quarry (Fig. 1), the small outcrop with unique contact of the Acanthopyge Limestone (Eifelian) with the Srbsko Formation (Givetian) was studied by Hladil et al. (1991, 1992). The youngest marine macrofauna has been observed in the limestone bed 46 above ca. 0.7 m thick interval of dark limestone (UDI: Upper dark interval = bed 45 after Hladil et al. 1991). Tabulatomorphs and stromatoporoids dominated by Caliapora ex gr. battersbyi (Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1851) from the bed 46 indicate the Eifelian–Givetian boundary interval (Hladil 1993). The UDI is correlated with the shallow water to slope equivalent of shales of the Kačák Member, Srbsko Formation. The UDI is single available section in which Eifelian–Givetian boundary is developed in a carbonate succession in the Barrandian. The fauna of UDI is poorly known, only conodonts, dacryoconarids and microvertebrates were determined. The shelly fossils are generally rare and extremely fragmental. Presence of bryozoans, brachiopods, trilobites, ostracods, forami nifers, and crinoids has been stated, but these groups were not studied so far (Hladil et al. 1991, 1992; Budil 1995).","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47138894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-03DOI: 10.3140/BULL.GEOSCI.1721
Carole Naglik, K. Baets, C. Klug
Thick Early Devonian carbonatic sedimentary successions, exposed in the Zeravshan Mountains of Uzbekistan, display a transition from a reefal to a pelagic facies. This allows us to document and analyze the history of sedimentation and changes in marine faunas of this region. The late Pragian succession of Bursykhirman Mountain is documented with the transition from platform carbonates to pelagic sediments. Lithology and microfacies through the early Emsian sedimentary sequence of two ammonoid-bearing sections were investigated with a focus on the Dzhaus Beds. In addition to this sedimentological analysis, we discuss the palaeobiogeographically peculiar situation of Uzbekistan (palaeocontinent Kazakhstania). Many species found in the Kitab State Geological Reserve are endemic and at least restricted to the South Tien Shan. We suggest a moderately close relationship to southern Chinese and Vietnamese faunas, even though more palaeontological data from the latter two regions is needed for a test. We also revise the cephalopod fauna from the Kitab Reserve and introduce the following new taxa: Beckeroceras gen. nov., Uzbekisphinctes gen. nov., Ivoites meshchankinae sp. nov., Kitabobactrites salimovae gen. et sp. nov., and Metabactrites rakhmonovi sp. nov. • Key words: Pragian, Emsian, carbonate microfacies, endemism, Ammonoidea, palaeogeography
{"title":"Early Devonian ammonoid faunas in the Zeravshan Mountains (Uzbekistan and Tadjikistan) and the transition from a carbonate platform setting to pelagic sedimentation","authors":"Carole Naglik, K. Baets, C. Klug","doi":"10.3140/BULL.GEOSCI.1721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/BULL.GEOSCI.1721","url":null,"abstract":"Thick Early Devonian carbonatic sedimentary successions, exposed in the Zeravshan Mountains of Uzbekistan, display a transition from a reefal to a pelagic facies. This allows us to document and analyze the history of sedimentation and changes in marine faunas of this region. The late Pragian succession of Bursykhirman Mountain is documented with the transition from platform carbonates to pelagic sediments. Lithology and microfacies through the early Emsian sedimentary sequence of two ammonoid-bearing sections were investigated with a focus on the Dzhaus Beds. In addition to this sedimentological analysis, we discuss the palaeobiogeographically peculiar situation of Uzbekistan (palaeocontinent Kazakhstania). Many species found in the Kitab State Geological Reserve are endemic and at least restricted to the South Tien Shan. We suggest a moderately close relationship to southern Chinese and Vietnamese faunas, even though more palaeontological data from the latter two regions is needed for a test. We also revise the cephalopod fauna from the Kitab Reserve and introduce the following new taxa: Beckeroceras gen. nov., Uzbekisphinctes gen. nov., Ivoites meshchankinae sp. nov., Kitabobactrites salimovae gen. et sp. nov., and Metabactrites rakhmonovi sp. nov. • \u0000Key words: Pragian, Emsian, carbonate microfacies, endemism, Ammonoidea, palaeogeography","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"337-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42883278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.3140/bull.geosci.1723
M. Wilmsen, B. Niebuhr, M. Fengler, T. Püttmann, Michaela Berensmeier
Meißen, Dresden, Pirna and Bad Schandau is characterised by widespread strata of Late Cretaceous age, constituting the Cenomanian–Coniacian Elbtal Group. Current consensus on the course of the early Late Cretaceous transgression is that a first ingression from the northwest took place in the late Early Cenomanian (Meißen Formation). In the Middle Cenomanian, contemporaneous onlap is allegedly only documented by the fluvial Niederschöna Formation while marine strata are completely absent (see also Hancock 2004, p. 617). In the Late Cenomanian, marine onlap continued with two pulses of sea-level rise, i.e. in the C. naviculare and M. geslinianum ammonite zones, respectively (e.g. Voigt 1994, Tröger 2003). However, new observations such as the presence of a Middle Cenomanian index ammonite in the Meißen Formation (Wilmsen & Nagm 2014) and the record of other presumably marine Middle Cenomanian strata (Tröger 2017) cast doubt on these interpretations. Here, we present new integrated stratigraphic and sedimentological data on the timing and extent of the marine inundation of the Saxonian part of the Saxo-Bohemian Cretaceous Basin from the Meißen–Niederau area, including the first evidence of the Praeactinocamax primus Event for Saxony. Furthermore, the results of this study require modifications of the current lithostratigraphy of the Elbtal Group.
{"title":"The Late Cretaceous transgression in the Saxonian Cretaceous Basin (Germany): old story, new data and novel findings","authors":"M. Wilmsen, B. Niebuhr, M. Fengler, T. Püttmann, Michaela Berensmeier","doi":"10.3140/bull.geosci.1723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1723","url":null,"abstract":"Meißen, Dresden, Pirna and Bad Schandau is characterised by widespread strata of Late Cretaceous age, constituting the Cenomanian–Coniacian Elbtal Group. Current consensus on the course of the early Late Cretaceous transgression is that a first ingression from the northwest took place in the late Early Cenomanian (Meißen Formation). In the Middle Cenomanian, contemporaneous onlap is allegedly only documented by the fluvial Niederschöna Formation while marine strata are completely absent (see also Hancock 2004, p. 617). In the Late Cenomanian, marine onlap continued with two pulses of sea-level rise, i.e. in the C. naviculare and M. geslinianum ammonite zones, respectively (e.g. Voigt 1994, Tröger 2003). However, new observations such as the presence of a Middle Cenomanian index ammonite in the Meißen Formation (Wilmsen & Nagm 2014) and the record of other presumably marine Middle Cenomanian strata (Tröger 2017) cast doubt on these interpretations. Here, we present new integrated stratigraphic and sedimentological data on the timing and extent of the marine inundation of the Saxonian part of the Saxo-Bohemian Cretaceous Basin from the Meißen–Niederau area, including the first evidence of the Praeactinocamax primus Event for Saxony. Furthermore, the results of this study require modifications of the current lithostratigraphy of the Elbtal Group.","PeriodicalId":9332,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Geosciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48786124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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