Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2022.96357.1387
Golnar Sabetian, Hossein Abdolrahimzadeh Fard, Mina Ostovan, Sina Azadikhah, Farid Zand, Mansoor Masjedi, Naeimehossadat Asmarian
Objective: To compare clinical and paraclinical similarities between trauma patients with positive RT-PCR tests (PCR+ve) and the RT-PCR negative ones (PCR -ve).
Methods: This a case-control study, where cases had a PCR+ve and controls had a negative result. Two groups were compared regarding (para) clinical values. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis investigated the variables predicting COVID-19 and the mortality rate.
Results: Both groups were similar regarding the clinical findings and comorbidities (p>0.05). PCR+ve group had lower lymphocyte count (1.41 [1.45] vs. 1.66 [1.61], p=0.030), CPK level (411 [928.75] vs. 778 [1946.5]. p=0.006) and CRP level (17 [42.5] vs. 24 [50.75], p=0.004). However, none of these findings were significant in the multivariable analysis. Finally, PCR+ve group had increased odds of death (OR=2.88; 95% CI=1.22-7.41).
Conclusion: Unlike our primary hypothesis, the study failed to mark any significant (para) clinical features guiding us to detect COVID-19 earlier in trauma patients. Moreover, the PCR+ve group is at increased mortality risk. A larger, multicentric prospective study should be designed to address this issue.
摘要比较 RT-PCR 检测阳性(PCR+ve)和 RT-PCR 阴性(PCR-ve)创伤患者的临床和辅助临床相似性:这是一项病例对照研究,病例的检测结果为 PCR+ve,对照组的检测结果为阴性。方法:这是一项病例对照研究。多变量二元逻辑回归分析调查了预测 COVID-19 和死亡率的变量:结果:两组患者的临床表现和合并症相似(P>0.05)。PCR+ve组的淋巴细胞计数(1.41 [1.45] vs. 1.66 [1.61],P=0.030)、CPK水平(411 [928.75] vs. 778 [1946.5],P=0.006)和CRP水平(17 [42.5] vs. 24 [50.75],P=0.004)较低。然而,这些结果在多变量分析中均不显著。最后,PCR+ve 组的死亡几率增加(OR=2.88;95% CI=1.22-7.41):与我们的主要假设不同,该研究未能发现任何重要的临床特征,无法指导我们在创伤患者中更早地发现 COVID-19。此外,PCR+ve 组患者的死亡风险增加。应设计一项更大规模的多中心前瞻性研究来解决这一问题。
{"title":"Trauma and COVID-19: Clinical and Paraclinical similarities between Trauma Patients with Positive and Negative PCR Tests.","authors":"Golnar Sabetian, Hossein Abdolrahimzadeh Fard, Mina Ostovan, Sina Azadikhah, Farid Zand, Mansoor Masjedi, Naeimehossadat Asmarian","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2022.96357.1387","DOIUrl":"10.30476/BEAT.2022.96357.1387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare clinical and paraclinical similarities between trauma patients with positive RT-PCR tests (PCR+ve) and the RT-PCR negative ones (PCR -ve).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This a case-control study, where cases had a PCR+ve and controls had a negative result. Two groups were compared regarding (para) clinical values. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis investigated the variables predicting COVID-19 and the mortality rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups were similar regarding the clinical findings and comorbidities (<i>p</i>>0.05). PCR+ve group had lower lymphocyte count (1.41 [1.45] vs. 1.66 [1.61], <i>p</i>=0.030), CPK level (411 [928.75] vs. 778 [1946.5]. <i>p</i>=0.006) and CRP level (17 [42.5] vs. 24 [50.75], <i>p</i>=0.004). However, none of these findings were significant in the multivariable analysis. Finally, PCR+ve group had increased odds of death (OR=2.88; 95% CI=1.22-7.41).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unlike our primary hypothesis, the study failed to mark any significant (para) clinical features guiding us to detect COVID-19 earlier in trauma patients. Moreover, the PCR+ve group is at increased mortality risk. A larger, multicentric prospective study should be designed to address this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/69/84/bet-10-172.PMC9758711.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10785792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2021.86725.1198
Rohit Bharti, Sindhu Sindhu, Ponraj K Sundaram, Ganesh Chauhan
Objective: To evaluate the impact of the early tracheostomy on operated patients with severe head injury.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a level 1 trauma center and medical college over one-year period. The study included all surgically managed severe head injury patients without any other life-threatening major injuries. Patients who underwent tracheostomy within 7 days were classified as early tracheostomy.
Results: The patient's mean age of this cohort study was 43.4±14.5 years. Motor-vehicle accidents were being the most common cause of severe head injury. Operated patients were undergoing early tracheostomy on an average of 2.9 days. We were observed that the patients spent on a mechanical ventilation on an average 3.67±2.26 days. This was significantly lower than previous four published studies (p<0.05) which had a range of mean 9.8-15.7 days.
Conclusion: We have shown that it is possible to decrease mechanical ventilation (MV) time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay and total hospital stay by doing early tracheostomy in operated severe head injury patients.
{"title":"Prospective Observational Study of Early Tracheostomy Role in Operated Severe Head Injury Patients at A Level 1 Trauma Center.","authors":"Rohit Bharti, Sindhu Sindhu, Ponraj K Sundaram, Ganesh Chauhan","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.86725.1198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.86725.1198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of the early tracheostomy on operated patients with severe head injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study was conducted at a level 1 trauma center and medical college over one-year period. The study included all surgically managed severe head injury patients without any other life-threatening major injuries. Patients who underwent tracheostomy within 7 days were classified as early tracheostomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient's mean age of this cohort study was 43.4±14.5 years. Motor-vehicle accidents were being the most common cause of severe head injury. Operated patients were undergoing early tracheostomy on an average of 2.9 days. We were observed that the patients spent on a mechanical ventilation on an average 3.67±2.26 days. This was significantly lower than previous four published studies (<i>p</i><0.05) which had a range of mean 9.8-15.7 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have shown that it is possible to decrease mechanical ventilation (MV) time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay and total hospital stay by doing early tracheostomy in operated severe head injury patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2021.91333.1275
Hamid Rezaee, Ehsan Keykhosravi, Amin Tavallaii
Objective: To evaluate the characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of traumatic spinal injuries among children admitted to a local trauma center in Iran. Methods: Patients aged 0-18 years who had been admitted to Shahid Kamyab trauma center for acute traumatic spinal injury (Mashhad, Iran) between 2011 and 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Various demographic, clinical, radiological, and outcome variables were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 127,300 trauma patients were evaluated and amongst them, 61 children had spinal trauma. The mean age was 11.1 and there was no significant sex preponderance (54% males). Most of the injuries were occurred in summer (34.4%) and the most common trauma mechanism was motor vehicle accidents (55.7%) followed by falling (36.1%). Almost all patients (95.1%) had vertebral fractures, which were in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral area in order to decrease incidence. 67.2% of patients were managed non-surgically. The mean hospital stay was 8.9 days and 82.0% of patients had been discharged with normal motor function. Conclusion: Pediatric spinal trauma is less studied entity in the field of traumatology due to the lower prevalence of these injuries in pediatric patients worldwide. But our study shows a higher prevalence of such injuries in the pediatric population. Although controversial, the leading cause of these injuries is motor vehicle accidents. Fortunately, short term in-hospital outcome seems to be good in such injuries.
{"title":"Characteristics and In-Hospital Outcomes of Pediatric Traumatic Spinal Injuries in A Referral Trauma Center.","authors":"Hamid Rezaee, Ehsan Keykhosravi, Amin Tavallaii","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.91333.1275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.91333.1275","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of traumatic spinal injuries among children admitted to a local trauma center in Iran. Methods: Patients aged 0-18 years who had been admitted to Shahid Kamyab trauma center for acute traumatic spinal injury (Mashhad, Iran) between 2011 and 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Various demographic, clinical, radiological, and outcome variables were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 127,300 trauma patients were evaluated and amongst them, 61 children had spinal trauma. The mean age was 11.1 and there was no significant sex preponderance (54% males). Most of the injuries were occurred in summer (34.4%) and the most common trauma mechanism was motor vehicle accidents (55.7%) followed by falling (36.1%). Almost all patients (95.1%) had vertebral fractures, which were in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral area in order to decrease incidence. 67.2% of patients were managed non-surgically. The mean hospital stay was 8.9 days and 82.0% of patients had been discharged with normal motor function. Conclusion: Pediatric spinal trauma is less studied entity in the field of traumatology due to the lower prevalence of these injuries in pediatric patients worldwide. But our study shows a higher prevalence of such injuries in the pediatric population. Although controversial, the leading cause of these injuries is motor vehicle accidents. Fortunately, short term in-hospital outcome seems to be good in such injuries.","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2021.89355.1231
Ali Meshkini, Amir Ghorbani Haghjo, Zahra Hasanpour Segherlou, Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh
Objective: To examine the GFAP and S100B ability in prevention unnecessary brain Computed tomography (CT) scan in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and compare them with the single extremity fracture in orthopedic patients.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, two orthopedics patients' groups and mTBI patients were studied to assess the biomarkers' ability in prevention unnecessary brain CT scan at the emergency setting. There were 40 orthopedics' patients with single extremity fracture and 41 mTBI patients. Brain CT scans were done for all mTBI patients.
Results: Brain CT scans showed no intracranial traumatic lesions. The median levels for S100B in the mTBI group was 14.8 (4.4-335.9) ng/L, and in orthopedic patients' group was 13.3 (5-353.10) ng/L. Statistically significant differences were observed between both groups in S100B levels (p=0.006). The median Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) levels in the mTBI patients' group were 600 (400-16300) and in the orthopedic patients' groups was 60 ng/L (300-14900). Statistically significant differences were observed between groups in GFAP (p=0.041).
Conclusion: Our results showed that S100B and GFAP serum levels were significantly higher in patients with mTBI than in patients with a single limb fracture.
{"title":"S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Ali Meshkini, Amir Ghorbani Haghjo, Zahra Hasanpour Segherlou, Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.89355.1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.89355.1231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the GFAP and S100B ability in prevention unnecessary brain Computed tomography (CT) scan in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and compare them with the single extremity fracture in orthopedic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort study, two orthopedics patients' groups and mTBI patients were studied to assess the biomarkers' ability in prevention unnecessary brain CT scan at the emergency setting. There were 40 orthopedics' patients with single extremity fracture and 41 mTBI patients. Brain CT scans were done for all mTBI patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brain CT scans showed no intracranial traumatic lesions. The median levels for S100B in the mTBI group was 14.8 (4.4-335.9) ng/L, and in orthopedic patients' group was 13.3 (5-353.10) ng/L. Statistically significant differences were observed between both groups in S100B levels (<i>p</i>=0.006). The median Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) levels in the mTBI patients' group were 600 (400-16300) and in the orthopedic patients' groups was 60 ng/L (300-14900). Statistically significant differences were observed between groups in GFAP (<i>p</i>=0.041).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results showed that S100B and GFAP serum levels were significantly higher in patients with mTBI than in patients with a single limb fracture.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2021.86588.1153
Mozhde Momtahan, Maryam Kasraeean, Azam Faraji, Shaghayegh Moradi-Alamdarloo, Mina Moosaie
Spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening condition rarely considered when a patient with an intrauterine pregnancy is asymptomatic or presents with complaints such as abdominal pain. An advanced abdominal pregnancy is even more unusual as the form of the ectopic component outside the context of assisted reproduction and is difficult in diagnosis with very few cases reported in the literature. We report such a case in a 31-year-old primigravida with heterotopic pregnancy which is a fetus in the uterine cavity and the other in the abdominal cavity. Her pregnancy was initially misdiagnosed and managed as a di-amniotic di-chorionic gestation. The correct diagnosis was only made after term delivery of the intrauterine pregnancy. The patient was complicated with severe bleeding which led to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and massive transfusion. Two other operations were imposed on the patient because of bleeding. The clinical risk factor for ectopic pregnancy was only previous pelvic inflammatory disease in this woman.
{"title":"Term Spontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy (Abdominal and Intrauterine): A Case Report.","authors":"Mozhde Momtahan, Maryam Kasraeean, Azam Faraji, Shaghayegh Moradi-Alamdarloo, Mina Moosaie","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.86588.1153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.86588.1153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy is a potentially life-threatening condition rarely considered when a patient with an intrauterine pregnancy is asymptomatic or presents with complaints such as abdominal pain. An advanced abdominal pregnancy is even more unusual as the form of the ectopic component outside the context of assisted reproduction and is difficult in diagnosis with very few cases reported in the literature. We report such a case in a 31-year-old primigravida with heterotopic pregnancy which is a fetus in the uterine cavity and the other in the abdominal cavity. Her pregnancy was initially misdiagnosed and managed as a di-amniotic di-chorionic gestation. The correct diagnosis was only made after term delivery of the intrauterine pregnancy. The patient was complicated with severe bleeding which led to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and massive transfusion. Two other operations were imposed on the patient because of bleeding. The clinical risk factor for ectopic pregnancy was only previous pelvic inflammatory disease in this woman.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate the quality of life (QOL) of injured motorcyclists and associated factors in a period of three months after the accident.
Methods: In the present study, we were included 190 injured motorcyclists who admitted to two referral specialized hospitals (Emam Reza and Shohada) in Tabriz, between June 2018 and January 2019. All injured motorcyclists were contacted through the telephone one and 171 of them (90%) three months after their accident to complete an EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. The baseline measurements were gathered by using face to face interviews in the hospitals. The QOL score could vary between 1 and 3. The higher score showed a lower QOL.
Results: The injured motorcyclist's QOL score was relatively better in three months after the accident (mean±Standard Deviation (SD): 1.78±0.51) in comparison with their status a month after the accident (2.15±0.65) (p<0.001). The multivariable model showed that individuals with pelvis injuries (Coef: 0.29, (95% CI: 0.16, 0.42), p=0.001) and knee injuries (Coef: 0.26, (95% CI: 0.10, 0.42), p=0.001), experienced a higher QOL score. Also, those whose accident had happened in rainy weather experienced higher QOL score (Coef: 0.33, (95% CI: 0.12, 0.53), p=0.001). The patients who were in an accident with a vehicle were experienced a better QOL than others (Coef: -0.26, (95% CI: -0.43, -0.09), p=0.002).
Conclusion: The assessment of three-months post-accident showed that the QOL score of the motorcyclists was reduced. It is recommended that the QOL of patients should be improved in hospital discharge victims.
{"title":"Quality of Life after Motorcycle Traffic Injuries: A Cohort Study in Northwest of Iran.","authors":"Leili Abedi Gheslaghi, Hamid Sharifi, Mehdi Noroozi, Mohsen Barouni, Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.87236.1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.87236.1182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the quality of life (QOL) of injured motorcyclists and associated factors in a period of three months after the accident<b>.</b></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, we were included 190 injured motorcyclists who admitted to two referral specialized hospitals (Emam Reza and Shohada) in Tabriz, between June 2018 and January 2019. All injured motorcyclists were contacted through the telephone one and 171 of them (90%) three months after their accident to complete an EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. The baseline measurements were gathered by using face to face interviews in the hospitals. The QOL score could vary between 1 and 3. The higher score showed a lower QOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The injured motorcyclist's QOL score was relatively better in three months after the accident (mean±Standard Deviation (SD): 1.78±0.51) in comparison with their status a month after the accident (2.15±0.65) (<i>p</i><0.001). The multivariable model showed that individuals with pelvis injuries (Coef: 0.29, (95% CI: 0.16, 0.42), <i>p</i>=0.001) and knee injuries (Coef: 0.26, (95% CI: 0.10, 0.42), <i>p</i>=0.001), experienced a higher QOL score. Also, those whose accident had happened in rainy weather experienced higher QOL score (Coef: 0.33, (95% CI: 0.12, 0.53), <i>p</i>=0.001). The patients who were in an accident with a vehicle were experienced a better QOL than others (Coef: -0.26, (95% CI: -0.43, -0.09), <i>p</i>=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The assessment of three-months post-accident showed that the QOL score of the motorcyclists was reduced. It is recommended that the QOL of patients should be improved in hospital discharge victims.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2021.90754.1261
Hosein Abbasi, Ali Dehghani, Ali Akbar Mohammadi, Tayyeb Ghadimi, Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of chemical burns among the patients admitted to Shiraz burn treatment centers.
Methods: It is a descriptive study that was conducted on 62 patients with chemical burns who were admitted between 2008 and 2018. The patients' records were used in the research using the census sampling process. A questionnaire with questions about age, sex, the extent of the burn, the cause of the burn, duration of hospital stay, level of education, incident location, and clinical outcome was used to collect data (survival-death). The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods.
Results: The prevalence of chemical burns was 1% during 2008-2018. Acid and alkali burns were accounted for 93.5% and 6.5% of burns, respectively. 77.4% of patients were male, and 22.6% were female. The mean age of patients was 27 years. The average burn percentage was 16%. 70.6% of patients were illiterate or had primary education. Burns occurred at the workplace and home in 12.9% and 66.1% of cases, respectively. Moreover, Burns occurred due to accident (61%), acid attack (29%), and self-immolation (10%). The average length of hospital stay was 20 days. One patient (1.6%) died from burns.
Conclusion: The study's findings revealed that chemical burns were more common in men than women, and the majority of chemical burns occurred at home. To minimize the occurrence of chemical burns and acid attacks, teaching methods of preventing burns is important at home and work, as well as restricting non-specialists' access to chemicals.
{"title":"The Epidemiology of Chemical Burns Among the Patients Referred to Burn Centers in Shiraz, Southern Iran, 2008-2018.","authors":"Hosein Abbasi, Ali Dehghani, Ali Akbar Mohammadi, Tayyeb Ghadimi, Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.90754.1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.90754.1261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of chemical burns among the patients admitted to Shiraz burn treatment centers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It is a descriptive study that was conducted on 62 patients with chemical burns who were admitted between 2008 and 2018. The patients' records were used in the research using the census sampling process. A questionnaire with questions about age, sex, the extent of the burn, the cause of the burn, duration of hospital stay, level of education, incident location, and clinical outcome was used to collect data (survival-death). The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of chemical burns was 1% during 2008-2018. Acid and alkali burns were accounted for 93.5% and 6.5% of burns, respectively. 77.4% of patients were male, and 22.6% were female. The mean age of patients was 27 years. The average burn percentage was 16%. 70.6% of patients were illiterate or had primary education. Burns occurred at the workplace and home in 12.9% and 66.1% of cases, respectively. Moreover, Burns occurred due to accident (61%), acid attack (29%), and self-immolation (10%). The average length of hospital stay was 20 days. One patient (1.6%) died from burns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study's findings revealed that chemical burns were more common in men than women, and the majority of chemical burns occurred at home. To minimize the occurrence of chemical burns and acid attacks, teaching methods of preventing burns is important at home and work, as well as restricting non-specialists' access to chemicals.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.30476/beat.2021.90365.1249
Mahmoudreza Peyravi, Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh
{"title":"Sanctions or National Policies in COVID-19 Management in Iran: Which One is More Effective?!","authors":"Mahmoudreza Peyravi, Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh","doi":"10.30476/beat.2021.90365.1249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/beat.2021.90365.1249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.30476/BEAT.2021.84375.1068
Vahid Alipour, Saber Azami-Aghdash, Aziz Rezapour, Naser Derakhshani, Akbar Ghiasi, Neghar Yusefzadeh, Sanaz Taghizade, Sahar Amuzadeh
Objective: To review the cost-effectiveness of multifactorial interventions to prevent falls in elderly people.
Methods: In this systematic review, the databases including PubMed via MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar (from 1st January 2000 to 30th February) were used. All pre-reviewed articles related to cost-effectiveness analysis of multifactorial interventions to prevent falls in elderly were included in this paper and congresses abstracts were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data and content-analysis method to analyze qualitative data.
Results: Out of the 456 articles, 19 were finally included in the study. Eighteen articles were conducted in High-Income Countries (HICs) and 16 were at the community level. Medical visits consultation and education were the most common interventions. Most studies were cost-effectiveness and using the Randomized Control Trial (RCT) methods. A fall of prevention costs ranged from $ 272 to $ 987. Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) interventions also ranged from the US $ 120,667 to the US $ 4280.9.
Conclusion: The results show that despite the high effectiveness of multifactorial interventions to prevent elderly falls, the cost of the interventions are high and they are not very cost-effective. It would be better to design and implement multifactorial interventions with low cost and high effectiveness that are appropriate for each country.
目的:回顾多因素干预预防老年人跌倒的成本-效果。方法:本系统综述使用PubMed via MEDLINE、Web of Science、Embase、Scopus、Cochrane Library和Google Scholar数据库(2000年1月1日至2月30日)。所有与预防老年人跌倒的多因素干预的成本-效果分析相关的预评文章均纳入本文,排除大会摘要。定量资料采用描述性统计,定性资料采用内容分析法。结果:在456篇文章中,最终有19篇被纳入研究。18篇文章在高收入国家(HICs)进行,16篇在社区层面进行。就诊、咨询和教育是最常见的干预措施。大多数研究是成本-效果和使用随机对照试验(RCT)方法。预防费用的下降幅度从272美元到987美元不等。增量成本-效果比(ICER)干预措施也从120,667美元到4280.9美元不等。结论:多因素干预对预防老年人跌倒具有较高的效果,但干预成本较高,成本效益不高。最好是设计和实施适合每个国家的低成本和高效率的多因素干预措施。
{"title":"Cost-Effectiveness of Multifactorial Interventions in Preventing Falls among Elderly Population: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Vahid Alipour, Saber Azami-Aghdash, Aziz Rezapour, Naser Derakhshani, Akbar Ghiasi, Neghar Yusefzadeh, Sanaz Taghizade, Sahar Amuzadeh","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.84375.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.84375.1068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To review the cost-effectiveness of multifactorial interventions to prevent falls in elderly people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this systematic review, the databases including PubMed via MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar (from 1st January 2000 to 30<sup>th</sup> February) were used. All pre-reviewed articles related to cost-effectiveness analysis of multifactorial interventions to prevent falls in elderly were included in this paper and congresses abstracts were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data and content-analysis method to analyze qualitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 456 articles, 19 were finally included in the study. Eighteen articles were conducted in High-Income Countries (HICs) and 16 were at the community level. Medical visits consultation and education were the most common interventions. Most studies were cost-effectiveness and using the Randomized Control Trial (RCT) methods. A fall of prevention costs ranged from $ 272 to $ 987. Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) interventions also ranged from the US $ 120,667 to the US $ 4280.9.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results show that despite the high effectiveness of multifactorial interventions to prevent elderly falls, the cost of the interventions are high and they are not very cost-effective. It would be better to design and implement multifactorial interventions with low cost and high effectiveness that are appropriate for each country.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8525694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39553543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To investigate the radiological and clinical outcomes of different surgical approaches in cervical spinal trauma in northeastern of Iran.
Methods: The present study was conducted retrospectively from January 2011 to December 2017 in Mashhad, Iran. The demographic characteristics, hospitalization duration, and patient's surgery detail data were extracted from the patients' medical records. The follow-up period was at least six months after surgery.
Results: This study was conducted on 72 patients and the majority (n=51; 70.8 %) of them were male. Moreover, the participants; mean age was determined at 40.7±16.5 years. In total, 33 (45.8%), 13(18.1%), and 11 patients (15.3%) were operated using the anterior, posterior, and combined approaches in one round, respectively. It should be mentioned that 15 (20.8%) patients underwent the combined approach in two rounds. Early mortality was observed in 22 (30.6%) patients in the admission period. According to the follow-up X-ray results, the type of approach showed no relationship with non-fusion, malalignment, cage subside, and adjacent disk narrowing (p>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, there was no significant association between neurological and radiological outcomes among approaches. A high mortality rate was noted in combined surgery at one round, and the posterior approach is the best option when our goal is to correct lordosis.
{"title":"Comparison of Anterior, Posterior, and Combined Surgical Approaches on the Outcomes of Patients Suffering from Subaxial Cervical Spine Injuries.","authors":"Hamid Rezaee, Ehsan Keykhosravi, Mojtaba Mashhadinejad, Masoud Pishjoo","doi":"10.30476/BEAT.2021.90865.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/BEAT.2021.90865.1266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the radiological and clinical outcomes of different surgical approaches in cervical spinal trauma in northeastern of Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was conducted retrospectively from January 2011 to December 2017 in Mashhad, Iran. The demographic characteristics, hospitalization duration, and patient's surgery detail data were extracted from the patients' medical records. The follow-up period was at least six months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study was conducted on 72 patients and the majority (n=51; 70.8 %) of them were male. Moreover, the participants; mean age was determined at 40.7±16.5 years. In total, 33 (45.8%), 13(18.1%), and 11 patients (15.3%) were operated using the anterior, posterior, and combined approaches in one round, respectively. It should be mentioned that 15 (20.8%) patients underwent the combined approach in two rounds. Early mortality was observed in 22 (30.6%) patients in the admission period. According to the follow-up X-ray results, the type of approach showed no relationship with non-fusion, malalignment, cage subside, and adjacent disk narrowing (<i>p</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the obtained results, there was no significant association between neurological and radiological outcomes among approaches. A high mortality rate was noted in combined surgery at one round, and the posterior approach is the best option when our goal is to correct lordosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9333,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of emergency and trauma","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8286651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39222291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}