Diabetes Mellitus is a ‘silent disease’ with minimal symptoms at the beginning and rapidly progresses until target organ damage. Moreover, because of its serious consequences, it has become a significant public health concern. Though genetics play an essential role in the development of diabetes, studies on monozygotic twins have shown the importance of environmental influences. Diabetes education is essential but must ultimately be transferred to action to benefit the patient. Individuals with diabetes have been shown to dramatically impact their disease’s progression and development by participating in their care. Because a high percentage of the world’s diabetes cases belong to Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) with modifiable risk factors such as an unhealthy diet, being obese or overweight, a sedentary lifestyle, and smoking, therefore, individuals with T2DM can be helped to modify these factors through behavioural changes to achieve and maintain optimum blood glucose levels.
{"title":"Self-Care Behaviour: The Life-Changing Magic in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Care","authors":"Asonye C.C., Ojewole F.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-w0gqxdmj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-w0gqxdmj","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus is a ‘silent disease’ with minimal symptoms at the beginning and rapidly progresses until target organ damage. Moreover, because of its serious consequences, it has become a significant public health concern. Though genetics play an essential role in the development of diabetes, studies on monozygotic twins have shown the importance of environmental influences. Diabetes education is essential but must ultimately be transferred to action to benefit the patient. Individuals with diabetes have been shown to dramatically impact their disease’s progression and development by participating in their care. Because a high percentage of the world’s diabetes cases belong to Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) with modifiable risk factors such as an unhealthy diet, being obese or overweight, a sedentary lifestyle, and smoking, therefore, individuals with T2DM can be helped to modify these factors through behavioural changes to achieve and maintain optimum blood glucose levels.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48566835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, the global burden of diabetes distress has increased significantly, imposing mental health issues on patients and the healthcare system. Diabetes-related distress differs from depression as it originates from the mental and emotional burden that comes from the ongoing management of diabetes. Studies have revealed that one in four individuals with type 1 diabetes has increased levels of diabetes distress, and one in five people with type 2 diabetes experiences increased levels of diabetes distress. Patients with diabetes experience psychosocial and emotional problems in response to these lengthy therapies, including worry about complications, fear of hypoglycemia, fatigue regarding poorly controlled blood glucose, worthlessness, the need for support, and access to healthcare. Psychological factors such as diabetes-related emotional distress have been linked with lower compliance to diet, exercise, frequent blood glucose testing, and medication regimens. Patients with a higher level of diabetes-specific emotional distress have been shown to have a lower health-related quality of life. Despite the increased awareness and knowledge of diabetes-related distress, patients with diabetes are not routinely screened during clinic visits. Therefore, nurses must continually observe and assess a patient's physical and emotional response to treatment and identify patterns and trends suggestive of diabetes-related distress.
{"title":"Diabetes Distress: The Untold Hidden Struggle of Living with Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Asonye C.C., Ojewole F.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-98vrwpip","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-98vrwpip","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the global burden of diabetes distress has increased significantly, imposing mental health issues on patients and the healthcare system. Diabetes-related distress differs from depression as it originates from the mental and emotional burden that comes from the ongoing management of diabetes. Studies have revealed that one in four individuals with type 1 diabetes has increased levels of diabetes distress, and one in five people with type 2 diabetes experiences increased levels of diabetes distress. Patients with diabetes experience psychosocial and emotional problems in response to these lengthy therapies, including worry about complications, fear of hypoglycemia, fatigue regarding poorly controlled blood glucose, worthlessness, the need for support, and access to healthcare. Psychological factors such as diabetes-related emotional distress have been linked with lower compliance to diet, exercise, frequent blood glucose testing, and medication regimens. Patients with a higher level of diabetes-specific emotional distress have been shown to have a lower health-related quality of life. Despite the increased awareness and knowledge of diabetes-related distress, patients with diabetes are not routinely screened during clinic visits. Therefore, nurses must continually observe and assess a patient's physical and emotional response to treatment and identify patterns and trends suggestive of diabetes-related distress.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47324692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Earlier research on breast self-examination among female adolescents has formed different results. This integrative review aimed to summarize the evidence and to compare all existing evidence on the knowledge, attitude, perception, and practices of breast self-examination among female adolescents in the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria, comprising 36 states. A total of 10 articles were included in the final analysis. The article included in the review was limited to articles published in English between 2017 and 2022. The majority of the respondents in this review had a low knowledge level of breast self-examination for both the cross-sectional studies and the baseline (pre-intervention) assessment for intervention studies, had a poor attitude/perception towards BSE, and also had a poor practice of BSE. The major source of information for female adolescents about BSE is the internet, while pamphlets, and face-to-face interaction greatly improved knowledge for intervention studies. The studies further revealed that hearing about BSE does not translate into knowledge and practice. Intervention programs aimed at improving knowledge and practice of BSE among female adolescents are highly advocated as this would enhance their screening practices, improve early detection rates and sustain changes in behaviour towards BSE. Also, the review further identified peer education as a strategy that can be used to improve BSE knowledge and practices in female adolescents.
{"title":"Breast Self-Examination Among Female Adolescents in Nigeria: An Integrative Review","authors":"Abaribe C.E., O. N., O. O, O. J., C. D.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-g921vusu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-g921vusu","url":null,"abstract":"Earlier research on breast self-examination among female adolescents has formed different results. This integrative review aimed to summarize the evidence and to compare all existing evidence on the knowledge, attitude, perception, and practices of breast self-examination among female adolescents in the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria, comprising 36 states. A total of 10 articles were included in the final analysis. The article included in the review was limited to articles published in English between 2017 and 2022. The majority of the respondents in this review had a low knowledge level of breast self-examination for both the cross-sectional studies and the baseline (pre-intervention) assessment for intervention studies, had a poor attitude/perception towards BSE, and also had a poor practice of BSE. The major source of information for female adolescents about BSE is the internet, while pamphlets, and face-to-face interaction greatly improved knowledge for intervention studies. The studies further revealed that hearing about BSE does not translate into knowledge and practice. Intervention programs aimed at improving knowledge and practice of BSE among female adolescents are highly advocated as this would enhance their screening practices, improve early detection rates and sustain changes in behaviour towards BSE. Also, the review further identified peer education as a strategy that can be used to improve BSE knowledge and practices in female adolescents.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44367214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kivuti-Bitok L.W., Cheptum J.J., Mutwiri M., Wanja S., Ngune I.
Re-engineer clinical teaching through innovative approaches such as virtual reality (VR) and Serious Gaming (SG) may increase patient safety. While several studies have focused on the experiences and perceptions of learners about VR and SG, few have if any have focused on the instructors. We reviewed and appraised published evidence to establish the experiences and intention to adopt VR and SG in clinical teaching. Relevant articles were sourced from five databases (PubMed/Medline, Informit, +A Education, ProQuest-ERIC, and CINHAL-EBSCO host). Experiences of clinical trainers were reported using the technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) model. The intention to adopt VR and SG was synthesized using the Technology Adoption Model (TAM). Clinical trainers had a positive attitude towards VR and SG. Those with longer professional experience were less likely to adopt VR and SG, while more experienced trainers were more likely to benefit from VR and SG. VR and SG are practical pedagogies for clinical instruction, but training is required for novice users. Cost-benefit analysis of VR and SG as clinical training approaches is needed.
{"title":"Virtual Reality and Serious Gaming in Re-engineering Clinical Teaching: A Review of Literature of the Experiences and Perspectives of Clinical Trainers","authors":"Kivuti-Bitok L.W., Cheptum J.J., Mutwiri M., Wanja S., Ngune I.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-mfh6yys8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-mfh6yys8","url":null,"abstract":"Re-engineer clinical teaching through innovative approaches such as virtual reality (VR) and Serious Gaming (SG) may increase patient safety. While several studies have focused on the experiences and perceptions of learners about VR and SG, few have if any have focused on the instructors. We reviewed and appraised published evidence to establish the experiences and intention to adopt VR and SG in clinical teaching. Relevant articles were sourced from five databases (PubMed/Medline, Informit, +A Education, ProQuest-ERIC, and CINHAL-EBSCO host). Experiences of clinical trainers were reported using the technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) model. The intention to adopt VR and SG was synthesized using the Technology Adoption Model (TAM). Clinical trainers had a positive attitude towards VR and SG. Those with longer professional experience were less likely to adopt VR and SG, while more experienced trainers were more likely to benefit from VR and SG. VR and SG are practical pedagogies for clinical instruction, but training is required for novice users. Cost-benefit analysis of VR and SG as clinical training approaches is needed.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41902618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Experts have been consistent that the overall functioning and productivity of individuals depend on their mental health status. The rising cases of mental health challenges are fast becoming a threat to public health, particularly in developing countries. Evidence shows that over 35% of the global population suffers mental health issues. The burden is higher in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria accounting for 13% prevalence. Earlier studies have demonstrated that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) could effectively treat mentally ill patients and other chronic health problems. However, little is known about the caregivers’ attitudes, perceptions, and CAM utilisation in Nigeria. Method: 381 caregivers of mentally ill persons in Abakaliki were recruited into this study. The modified attitude toward Mental Illness Questionnaire was administered to the participants to elicit relevant information on CAM use. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Most participants (92%) had good knowledge of CAM and would encourage their mentally ill relatives to use CAM. In comparison, 89% have either used CAM or used CAM on mentally ill relatives. CAM utilisation was associated with good knowledge and referral by other users. The common CAM therapies included herbal drugs, spiritual intervention, and alternative medical systems such as homeopathic medicine. It was concluded that the informal caregivers for mentally ill patients knew about CAM and were using them. Studies on the effectiveness and safety of CAM are required to establish their benefits in treating mental illness.
{"title":"Attitude, Perception, and Utilisation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Caregivers of the Mentally Challenged Persons in Ebonyi State: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Nwoke E.O, Agbapuonwu N.E.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-m9x8x0up","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-m9x8x0up","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Experts have been consistent that the overall functioning and productivity of individuals depend on their mental health status. The rising cases of mental health challenges are fast becoming a threat to public health, particularly in developing countries. Evidence shows that over 35% of the global population suffers mental health issues. The burden is higher in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Nigeria accounting for 13% prevalence. Earlier studies have demonstrated that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) could effectively treat mentally ill patients and other chronic health problems. However, little is known about the caregivers’ attitudes, perceptions, and CAM utilisation in Nigeria. Method: 381 caregivers of mentally ill persons in Abakaliki were recruited into this study. The modified attitude toward Mental Illness Questionnaire was administered to the participants to elicit relevant information on CAM use. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Most participants (92%) had good knowledge of CAM and would encourage their mentally ill relatives to use CAM. In comparison, 89% have either used CAM or used CAM on mentally ill relatives. CAM utilisation was associated with good knowledge and referral by other users. The common CAM therapies included herbal drugs, spiritual intervention, and alternative medical systems such as homeopathic medicine. It was concluded that the informal caregivers for mentally ill patients knew about CAM and were using them. Studies on the effectiveness and safety of CAM are required to establish their benefits in treating mental illness.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44996515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Pregnant women are at a high risk of iron deficiency anaemia in Ghana. Despite the provision of iron nutrition education and supplementation for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy, the estimated prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy is relatively high. The associated factors such as maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation therapy are not clear due to limited data. Objective: This study aims to assess maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation and associated factors in the rural Tain District of Ghana. Method: Cross-sectional quantitative data was used. Data was collected from a sample of 480 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in any of the health facilities in the Tain district. The ten health facilities were stratified and the allocation of samples to each of the ten facilities was proportionate to size. Simple random sampling was used to select individual participants from a compiled list of registered antenatal mothers in each health facility. Results: In all, 36% of participants reported having adequate knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Pregnant women whose husbands have no formal/Primary education (AOR=0.0078(95% CI: 0.021, 0.294), Middle/JHS education (AOR=0.223(95% CI: 0.067, 0.743) were associated with a knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Pregnant women who have one child (AOR= 0.150 (95% CI: 0.053, 0.426) and those who have two children (AOR= 0.375(95% CI: 0.146, 0.963) had lower odds of adequate knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Conclusion: Maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia is low. Health education on iron nutrition and supplementation therapy should be strengthened.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Maternal Knowledge of Iron Nutrition and Supplementation in the Rural Tain District, Ghana","authors":"Listowel F., A. K., Naomi K.Y.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-gxu9ewhg","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-gxu9ewhg","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnant women are at a high risk of iron deficiency anaemia in Ghana. Despite the provision of iron nutrition education and supplementation for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy, the estimated prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy is relatively high. The associated factors such as maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation therapy are not clear due to limited data. Objective: This study aims to assess maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation and associated factors in the rural Tain District of Ghana. Method: Cross-sectional quantitative data was used. Data was collected from a sample of 480 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in any of the health facilities in the Tain district. The ten health facilities were stratified and the allocation of samples to each of the ten facilities was proportionate to size. Simple random sampling was used to select individual participants from a compiled list of registered antenatal mothers in each health facility. Results: In all, 36% of participants reported having adequate knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Pregnant women whose husbands have no formal/Primary education (AOR=0.0078(95% CI: 0.021, 0.294), Middle/JHS education (AOR=0.223(95% CI: 0.067, 0.743) were associated with a knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Pregnant women who have one child (AOR= 0.150 (95% CI: 0.053, 0.426) and those who have two children (AOR= 0.375(95% CI: 0.146, 0.963) had lower odds of adequate knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation. Conclusion: Maternal knowledge of iron nutrition and supplementation for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia is low. Health education on iron nutrition and supplementation therapy should be strengthened.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42260994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Information: Midwives have posed varying knowledge and practice levels of quality midwifery documentation due to a number of factors. Quality midwifery documentation shows care given to two lives whose interests could be in conflict. Objective: The study sought to determine the factors affecting the quality of documentation in labour among midwives at Kenyatta National Hospital labour ward. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 51 consenting midwives selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Ethical approval was sought. Results: Most of the midwives demonstrated excellent knowledge on quality midwifery documentation. However, only 51% practised quality midwifery documentation with 21.4% making entries ahead of time, 17.4% documenting for colleagues and 13.7% documenting only normal labour. This was attributed to insufficient time (86.3%), high patient-to-midwife ratio (92.2%) and understaffing (86.3%). In conclusion, several factors affected the quality of documentation among midwives.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Quality Documentation in Labour among Midwives at Kenyatta National Hospital","authors":"","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-jsqfmnfr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-jsqfmnfr","url":null,"abstract":"Background Information: Midwives have posed varying knowledge and practice levels of quality midwifery documentation due to a number of factors. Quality midwifery documentation shows care given to two lives whose interests could be in conflict. Objective: The study sought to determine the factors affecting the quality of documentation in labour among midwives at Kenyatta National Hospital labour ward. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 51 consenting midwives selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Ethical approval was sought. Results: Most of the midwives demonstrated excellent knowledge on quality midwifery documentation. However, only 51% practised quality midwifery documentation with 21.4% making entries ahead of time, 17.4% documenting for colleagues and 13.7% documenting only normal labour. This was attributed to insufficient time (86.3%), high patient-to-midwife ratio (92.2%) and understaffing (86.3%). In conclusion, several factors affected the quality of documentation among midwives.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44457300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and utilization of assisted reproductive technology (ART) among women in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area in Rivers State. A descriptive survey design was adopted as the research design for this study, with a population comprising all the 237,647 women of reproductive age in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area. A multi stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 438 women for the study. A structured questionnaire with a reliability index of k0.75 was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage, Pearson’s correlation, Chi-square, and binary logistic regression for relevant variables. The findings of the study revealed that the level of knowledge on ART among women was high (71.9%) whereas the level of utilization was low (18.2%). The findings of the study show that educational status was significant related with ART (p<0.05) and utilization ART (p<0.05). It was concluded that the level of knowledge on ART among women was high while the level of utilization was low. Therefore, special health facilities should be built by the Government Areas for easy access and use.
{"title":"Knowledge and Utilization of Assisted Reproductive Technology among Women in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State","authors":"Igu E.V., Udechukwu J.O.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-cnixwhvl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-cnixwhvl","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and utilization of assisted reproductive technology (ART) among women in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area in Rivers State. A descriptive survey design was adopted as the research design for this study, with a population comprising all the 237,647 women of reproductive age in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area. A multi stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 438 women for the study. A structured questionnaire with a reliability index of k0.75 was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage, Pearson’s correlation, Chi-square, and binary logistic regression for relevant variables. The findings of the study revealed that the level of knowledge on ART among women was high (71.9%) whereas the level of utilization was low (18.2%). The findings of the study show that educational status was significant related with ART (p<0.05) and utilization ART (p<0.05). It was concluded that the level of knowledge on ART among women was high while the level of utilization was low. Therefore, special health facilities should be built by the Government Areas for easy access and use.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47914374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zimbabwe has one of the highest prevalence of cervical cancers in the world. The country has a low screening coverage despite the availability of cost-effective and evidence-based interventions for the prevention of the disease that include screening. This study therefore assessed service accessibility as a determinant of screening in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe. An explanatory sequential mixed-method design was employed firstly using a quantitative survey of 609 screening-eligible women selected through multi-stage random sampling. Subsequently, 36 women purposely selected from the quantitative phase were engaged in focus group discussions, and 25 health-care workers as key informants. About 74.4% of rural participants had never been screened compared to 62.1% of urban participants. Qualitative findings revealed that the district has two screening sites, both in urban locations. Rural based women access the service through outreach clinics which are inconsistent with no provision for treatment. Furthermore, treatment facilities are centralised to the provincial hospital at a fee. Financial constraints associated with travel expenses and treatment costs emerged as the key factor that hinders participation in screening. Improved access to services could greatly increase screening rates to match the high demand in the district. Decentralising screening to primary health facilities could ensure ready access of the service and enhance screening. Supplemental to that, outreach services to hard to reach areas need to be increased and sustained.
{"title":"Service Accessibility as a Determinant of Cervical Cancer Screening in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe","authors":"Fennie M., Timothy L.L., Yevonnie C.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-zfdwwlir","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-zfdwwlir","url":null,"abstract":"Zimbabwe has one of the highest prevalence of cervical cancers in the world. The country has a low screening coverage despite the availability of cost-effective and evidence-based interventions for the prevention of the disease that include screening. This study therefore assessed service accessibility as a determinant of screening in Gwanda District, Zimbabwe. An explanatory sequential mixed-method design was employed firstly using a quantitative survey of 609 screening-eligible women selected through multi-stage random sampling. Subsequently, 36 women purposely selected from the quantitative phase were engaged in focus group discussions, and 25 health-care workers as key informants. About 74.4% of rural participants had never been screened compared to 62.1% of urban participants. Qualitative findings revealed that the district has two screening sites, both in urban locations. Rural based women access the service through outreach clinics which are inconsistent with no provision for treatment. Furthermore, treatment facilities are centralised to the provincial hospital at a fee. Financial constraints associated with travel expenses and treatment costs emerged as the key factor that hinders participation in screening. Improved access to services could greatly increase screening rates to match the high demand in the district. Decentralising screening to primary health facilities could ensure ready access of the service and enhance screening. Supplemental to that, outreach services to hard to reach areas need to be increased and sustained.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46450449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is acknowledged as a critical maternal service in improving a wide variety of health outcomes for women and children as a result of better awareness of the importance of women being braced physically, mentally, and even logistically for delivery. Therefore, the timely initiation of ANC is critical to women. Objective: This study seeks to identify the factors affecting the timely initiation of ANC among women aged 15-49 in Sierra Leone. Methodology: This study adopted an analytical cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe the explanatory variables. A multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify the factors influencing the timely initiation of ANC in Sierra Leone. Results: The prevalence of timely initiation of antenatal care was 55.42%. Women residing in the northern (aOR=1.51, 95%CI 1.09-2.09), northwestern (aOR=1.87, 95%CI 1.33-2.61), southern (aOR=1.64, 95%CI 1.22-2.20) and western regions (aOR=2.00, 95%CI 1.38-2.89) had a high likelihood of starting antenatal late compared to those residing in the eastern region. Furthermore, women from the Limba (aOR=3.10, 95%CI 1.25-7.69), Sherbo (aOR=2.80, 95%CI 1.02-7.69) and Korankoh (aOR=2.79, 95%CI 1.13-6.85) ethnic groups had a higher likelihood of starting antenatal late compared to women from the creole ethnic group. Women who had no problem seeking for permission from their husbands for healthcare (aOR=0.71, 95%CI 0.55-0.89) and women who took healthcare decisions together with their husbands (aOR=0.83, 95%CI 0.70-1.00) had a lower likelihood of late initiation of antenatal care compared to those who had a big problem seeking for permission from their husbands for healthcare and respondents who took healthcare decisions alone. Conclusion: Findings from this study reveal that the timely initiation of antenatal care among women aged 15-49 years in Sierra Leone is low. Also, region of residence, ethnicity, husband’s authorization for seeking healthcare and decision making on healthcare are the factors influencing the timely initiation of antenatal care in Sierra Leone among women aged 15-49. It is recommended that women empowerment programs be organized regularly to educate women on the need to make their personal healthcare decisions. Government must also build more health facilities in the other regions of the country, with more skilled maternal healthcare training in the country to ensure equal distribution of health workers.
{"title":"Factors Associated with Late Antenatal Care Initiation for Pregnant Women Aged 15-49 Years in Sierra Leone Using the 2019 Demographic Health Survey","authors":"Emmanuel S.N., D. C., Lawrence S.B.","doi":"10.52589/ajhnm-dgneve7d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-dgneve7d","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is acknowledged as a critical maternal service in improving a wide variety of health outcomes for women and children as a result of better awareness of the importance of women being braced physically, mentally, and even logistically for delivery. Therefore, the timely initiation of ANC is critical to women. Objective: This study seeks to identify the factors affecting the timely initiation of ANC among women aged 15-49 in Sierra Leone. Methodology: This study adopted an analytical cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe the explanatory variables. A multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify the factors influencing the timely initiation of ANC in Sierra Leone. Results: The prevalence of timely initiation of antenatal care was 55.42%. Women residing in the northern (aOR=1.51, 95%CI 1.09-2.09), northwestern (aOR=1.87, 95%CI 1.33-2.61), southern (aOR=1.64, 95%CI 1.22-2.20) and western regions (aOR=2.00, 95%CI 1.38-2.89) had a high likelihood of starting antenatal late compared to those residing in the eastern region. Furthermore, women from the Limba (aOR=3.10, 95%CI 1.25-7.69), Sherbo (aOR=2.80, 95%CI 1.02-7.69) and Korankoh (aOR=2.79, 95%CI 1.13-6.85) ethnic groups had a higher likelihood of starting antenatal late compared to women from the creole ethnic group. Women who had no problem seeking for permission from their husbands for healthcare (aOR=0.71, 95%CI 0.55-0.89) and women who took healthcare decisions together with their husbands (aOR=0.83, 95%CI 0.70-1.00) had a lower likelihood of late initiation of antenatal care compared to those who had a big problem seeking for permission from their husbands for healthcare and respondents who took healthcare decisions alone. Conclusion: Findings from this study reveal that the timely initiation of antenatal care among women aged 15-49 years in Sierra Leone is low. Also, region of residence, ethnicity, husband’s authorization for seeking healthcare and decision making on healthcare are the factors influencing the timely initiation of antenatal care in Sierra Leone among women aged 15-49. It is recommended that women empowerment programs be organized regularly to educate women on the need to make their personal healthcare decisions. Government must also build more health facilities in the other regions of the country, with more skilled maternal healthcare training in the country to ensure equal distribution of health workers.","PeriodicalId":93406,"journal":{"name":"African journal of health, nursing and midwifery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48362212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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