Pub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100332
Mohsen Mansouri, Mehdi Ganjiani
This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation into the influence of stress triaxiality, Lode angle parameter, and ductile fracture behavior in Al 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. To explore negative stress triaxiality conditions, uniaxial tensile and compressive tests were conducted on geometrically tailored specimens, including dumbbell-shaped and rectangular samples with elliptical curved holes. Negative triaxiality values ranging from –0.355 to –0.554 were successfully achieved. A hybrid experimental–numerical approach was adopted to characterize the fracture behavior. In the numerical approach, the Ganjiani fracture model incorporating damage parameters, was implemented in finite element simulations using Abaqus via custom VUHARD and VUSDFLD subroutines. Comparative analysis of experimental and numerical results revealed good agreement in fracture strain predictions. Numerical evaluations indicated that the fracture occurs at the site where maximum plastic strain is observed. The results confirm that stress triaxiality significantly influences ductile fracture, and notably, the variation in fracture strain exhibits different trends under positive and negative triaxiality conditions.
{"title":"Effect of stress state on the fracture behavior of Al6061-T6 via combined experimental and numerical approaches","authors":"Mohsen Mansouri, Mehdi Ganjiani","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation into the influence of stress triaxiality, Lode angle parameter, and ductile fracture behavior in Al 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. To explore negative stress triaxiality conditions, uniaxial tensile and compressive tests were conducted on geometrically tailored specimens, including dumbbell-shaped and rectangular samples with elliptical curved holes. Negative triaxiality values ranging from –0.355 to –0.554 were successfully achieved. A hybrid experimental–numerical approach was adopted to characterize the fracture behavior. In the numerical approach, the Ganjiani fracture model incorporating damage parameters, was implemented in finite element simulations using Abaqus via custom VUHARD and VUSDFLD subroutines. Comparative analysis of experimental and numerical results revealed good agreement in fracture strain predictions. Numerical evaluations indicated that the fracture occurs at the site where maximum plastic strain is observed. The results confirm that stress triaxiality significantly influences ductile fracture, and notably, the variation in fracture strain exhibits different trends under positive and negative triaxiality conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The bending, vibration, and buckling of metal foam structures under thermal loads have consistently attracted significant interest in various engineering applications. However, most theoretical models rely on numerical results, which obscure connections between the system parameters and the system response, and the thermal instability type of metal foam structures has not been clarified. This paper aims to investigates the instability type of metal foam sandwich beams under various temperature fields. The analysis incorporates three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for temperature fields. Firstly, a nonlinear governing equation for metal foam sandwich beams under uniform and linear temperature fields is formulated by using refined first-order shear theory, Von Karman geometric nonlinearity, and the concept of physical neutral plane. Secondly, an analytical solution to the nonlinear integral-differential boundary value problem for metal foam sandwich beams is obtained by using the Nayfeh’s semi-inverse solution method. Finally, the instability type, post-buckling paths, and corresponding mechanism of metal foam sandwich beams are predicted by the analytical solution and free energy evaluation, respectively. The results indicate that the clamped-supported (CC) metal foam sandwich beam will experience bifurcation instability; however, the instability type of the simply-supported (S-S) metal foam sandwich beam transitions from bifurcation instability to snap-through as the pore distribution and temperature fields vary. Furthermore, the buckling resistance of metal foam sandwich beams can be substantially improved through meticulous optimization of material parameters. These findings are anticipated to provide novel insights and valuable references for the design and regulation of metal foam structures.
{"title":"The conversion between thermal snap-through and bifurcation instabilities of metal foam sandwich beams by refined first-order shear theory","authors":"Ying-long Zhao , Chao Fu , Hong-yao Zeng , Qiang Lyu , Neng-hui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bending, vibration, and buckling of metal foam structures under thermal loads have consistently attracted significant interest in various engineering applications. However, most theoretical models rely on numerical results, which obscure connections between the system parameters and the system response, and the thermal instability type of metal foam structures has not been clarified. This paper aims to investigates the instability type of metal foam sandwich beams under various temperature fields. The analysis incorporates three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for temperature fields. Firstly, a nonlinear governing equation for metal foam sandwich beams under uniform and linear temperature fields is formulated by using refined first-order shear theory, Von Karman geometric nonlinearity, and the concept of physical neutral plane. Secondly, an analytical solution to the nonlinear integral-differential boundary value problem for metal foam sandwich beams is obtained by using the Nayfeh’s semi-inverse solution method. Finally, the instability type, post-buckling paths, and corresponding mechanism of metal foam sandwich beams are predicted by the analytical solution and free energy evaluation, respectively. The results indicate that the clamped-supported (C<img>C) metal foam sandwich beam will experience bifurcation instability; however, the instability type of the simply-supported (S-S) metal foam sandwich beam transitions from bifurcation instability to snap-through as the pore distribution and temperature fields vary. Furthermore, the buckling resistance of metal foam sandwich beams can be substantially improved through meticulous optimization of material parameters. These findings are anticipated to provide novel insights and valuable references for the design and regulation of metal foam structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100328
Reza Pilafkan , Peter D. Folkow
This paper presents a comprehensive study on the free vibration analysis of rectangular plates with variable thickness, utilizing three-dimensional elasticity theory and a meshless method. Traditional plate theories, such as classical and shear deformation theories, often fail to provide accurate results for thick plates or those with complex geometries. To overcome these limitations, the study adopts the three-dimensional elasticity approach, which considers the full material behavior and the entire plate structure. The meshless method, specifically the Radial Point Interpolation Method (RPIM) with multi-quadrics radial basis functions, is employed to solve the vibration problem. This method offers advantages over traditional finite element methods by using scattered nodes and higher-order shape functions, thus eliminating issues related to meshing and re-meshing. The plates’ thickness is assumed to vary linearly and nonlinearly in one or both directions in the plate plane, and the study investigates the impact of different thickness ratios, aspect ratios, and boundary conditions on the natural frequencies of the plate. The results show that the meshless method provides a high degree of accuracy and fast convergence for both thin and thick plates with variable thickness, making it a reliable and efficient tool for free vibration analysis. This work thus contributes with valuable insights to the dynamic behavior of variable-thickness plates, with applications in many engineering fields where weight reduction and structural performance are critical. The work also provides eigenfrequency results on several plate structures with varying thickness, which may serve as a reference using 3D theory.
{"title":"Free vibration analysis of rectangular plates with variable thickness using a meshless method","authors":"Reza Pilafkan , Peter D. Folkow","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comprehensive study on the free vibration analysis of rectangular plates with variable thickness, utilizing three-dimensional elasticity theory and a meshless method. Traditional plate theories, such as classical and shear deformation theories, often fail to provide accurate results for thick plates or those with complex geometries. To overcome these limitations, the study adopts the three-dimensional elasticity approach, which considers the full material behavior and the entire plate structure. The meshless method, specifically the Radial Point Interpolation Method (RPIM) with multi-quadrics radial basis functions, is employed to solve the vibration problem. This method offers advantages over traditional finite element methods by using scattered nodes and higher-order shape functions, thus eliminating issues related to meshing and re-meshing. The plates’ thickness is assumed to vary linearly and nonlinearly in one or both directions in the plate plane, and the study investigates the impact of different thickness ratios, aspect ratios, and boundary conditions on the natural frequencies of the plate. The results show that the meshless method provides a high degree of accuracy and fast convergence for both thin and thick plates with variable thickness, making it a reliable and efficient tool for free vibration analysis. This work thus contributes with valuable insights to the dynamic behavior of variable-thickness plates, with applications in many engineering fields where weight reduction and structural performance are critical. The work also provides eigenfrequency results on several plate structures with varying thickness, which may serve as a reference using 3D theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144908194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100326
Fuqi Zhao , Tingting Zhou , Anmin He , Pei Wang
Molecular dynamics (MD) and mechanical modelling simulations were used to investigate the dynamic fracture mechanism and damage evolution in single crystal aluminium subjected to shock loadings. MD simulations of shock induced spalling were performed to investigate the effect of strain rate. It is discovered that as the strain rate increases, the critical stress for damage activation, the rate of damage development, and the spall strength increase, whereas the width of the damage region decreases. The time evolution of the void volume fraction obtained from MD simulations was then used to determine the parameters of several theoretical models, including the nucleation-and-growth (NAG) model and Kanel’s model. Coupled with the theoretical models and verified parameters, the one-dimensional finite element method (1-D FEM) was used to perform mechanical modelings of spallation under shock loadings. The calculated results, including the time evolutions of stress, free surface velocity, and the density distribution of the damage region, agree with the MD data. We believe that this study could shed light on the studies of spall damage under conditions of ultra-high strain rates.
{"title":"The spall damage of Al at ultra-high strain rates: A combination of MD simulation and mechanical modelling","authors":"Fuqi Zhao , Tingting Zhou , Anmin He , Pei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular dynamics (MD) and mechanical modelling simulations were used to investigate the dynamic fracture mechanism and damage evolution in single crystal aluminium subjected to shock loadings. MD simulations of shock induced spalling were performed to investigate the effect of strain rate. It is discovered that as the strain rate increases, the critical stress for damage activation, the rate of damage development, and the spall strength increase, whereas the width of the damage region decreases. The time evolution of the void volume fraction obtained from MD simulations was then used to determine the parameters of several theoretical models, including the nucleation-and-growth (NAG) model and Kanel’s model. Coupled with the theoretical models and verified parameters, the one-dimensional finite element method (1-D FEM) was used to perform mechanical modelings of spallation under shock loadings. The calculated results, including the time evolutions of stress, free surface velocity, and the density distribution of the damage region, agree with the MD data. We believe that this study could shed light on the studies of spall damage under conditions of ultra-high strain rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144826803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100325
Ali Shahrjerdi, Faezeh Nazari
In this study, the ratcheting behavior of a 316 L Austenitic Stainless Steel pipe tee under cyclic bending and constant internal pressure was investigated experimentally and numerically using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. First, the material of the tee was verified with chemical analyses. During the experimental tests, bending load was applied using an INSTRON 8503 machine, a compressed air capsule was used to apply the constant internal pressure and Strain was measured using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. In the experimental tests, tee samples were tested at controlled force and room temperature (25 °C). It was observed that increasing the average force, amplitude force, and internal pressure resulted in an increased accumulation of ratcheting strain. Finally, the ratcheting behavior of the tee samples was simulated using ANSYS software and the finite element method based on a nonlinear kinematic/isotropic hardening model. The FE simulation results were compared with experimental data, and it was found that the numerical data are in good agreement with experimental data.
{"title":"Ratcheting behavior of pressurized 316L austenitic stainless steel pipe tee under cyclic bending using DIC method","authors":"Ali Shahrjerdi, Faezeh Nazari","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the ratcheting behavior of a 316 L Austenitic Stainless Steel pipe tee under cyclic bending and constant internal pressure was investigated experimentally and numerically using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. First, the material of the tee was verified with chemical analyses. During the experimental tests, bending load was applied using an INSTRON 8503 machine, a compressed air capsule was used to apply the constant internal pressure and Strain was measured using the digital image correlation (DIC) method. In the experimental tests, tee samples were tested at controlled force and room temperature (25 °C). It was observed that increasing the average force, amplitude force, and internal pressure resulted in an increased accumulation of ratcheting strain. Finally, the ratcheting behavior of the tee samples was simulated using ANSYS software and the finite element method based on a nonlinear kinematic/isotropic hardening model. The FE simulation results were compared with experimental data, and it was found that the numerical data are in good agreement with experimental data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-01DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100327
Ali Dadashi, Amin Asghaie, Mohammad Azadi
This study examines the microstructural and fatigue properties of AM60 magnesium alloy joints produced by rotary friction welding (RFW). Optical microscopy reveals significant microstructural changes, including grain refinement, reorientation of intermetallic phases, and redistribution of Mg17Al12 particles. The weld metal shows a dispersed needle-like intermetallic structure, while the heat-affected zone (HAZ) accumulates intermetallic phases at grain boundaries. Microhardness analysis indicates a high hardness value of 92.1 Hv at the weld interface, decreasing towards the base metal (BM) with hardness values between 50–60 Hv. Fatigue behavior studies demonstrate that higher interface angles reduce fatigue lifetime, with the 42° conical specimen showing the best performance. Fractography reveals a transgranular quasi-cleavage fracture mode, with cracks nucleating at the weld interface. Additionally, regression analysis was performed, and the suggested model was well-fitted. The study underscores the complex interplay of welding parameters, microstructure, and mechanical properties, offering insights for optimizing welding processes to enhance fatigue resistance of welded magnesium alloy joints.
{"title":"Evaluation of high-cycle bending fatigue properties and fracture behaviors in AM60 magnesium alloy joints by friction welding","authors":"Ali Dadashi, Amin Asghaie, Mohammad Azadi","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the microstructural and fatigue properties of AM60 magnesium alloy joints produced by rotary friction welding (RFW). Optical microscopy reveals significant microstructural changes, including grain refinement, reorientation of intermetallic phases, and redistribution of Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> particles. The weld metal shows a dispersed needle-like intermetallic structure, while the heat-affected zone (HAZ) accumulates intermetallic phases at grain boundaries. Microhardness analysis indicates a high hardness value of 92.1 Hv at the weld interface, decreasing towards the base metal (BM) with hardness values between 50–60 Hv. Fatigue behavior studies demonstrate that higher interface angles reduce fatigue lifetime, with the 42° conical specimen showing the best performance. Fractography reveals a transgranular quasi-cleavage fracture mode, with cracks nucleating at the weld interface. Additionally, regression analysis was performed, and the suggested model was well-fitted. The study underscores the complex interplay of welding parameters, microstructure, and mechanical properties, offering insights for optimizing welding processes to enhance fatigue resistance of welded magnesium alloy joints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100324
Koh-hei Nitta, Sakina Tatsuta
The moduli obtained from the three-point bending tests for beam and plate specimens are apparently higher than the tensile Young’s modulus. For the beam specimen, a volumetric compression mode is observed in the inner zone of the bent specimen, whereas a uniaxial tension mode is observed in the outer zone. The flexural modulus in beam bending can be determined using the bimodular model, where the moduli of the innermost and outermost layers represent the bulk and tensile moduli, respectively. On the other hand, plate bending results in a strip-biaxial deformation during bending, with the bending modulus obtained from the cylindrical deformation. The principal factor influencing the flexural moduli of both specimens is the Poisson’s ratio.
{"title":"Bending deformation of polyethylene solid","authors":"Koh-hei Nitta, Sakina Tatsuta","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The moduli obtained from the three-point bending tests for beam and plate specimens are apparently higher than the tensile Young’s modulus. For the beam specimen, a volumetric compression mode is observed in the inner zone of the bent specimen, whereas a uniaxial tension mode is observed in the outer zone. The flexural modulus in beam bending can be determined using the bimodular model, where the moduli of the innermost and outermost layers represent the bulk and tensile moduli, respectively. On the other hand, plate bending results in a strip-biaxial deformation during bending, with the bending modulus obtained from the cylindrical deformation. The principal factor influencing the flexural moduli of both specimens is the Poisson’s ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-13DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100322
Vigneshwaran Karupaiah , Venkateshwaran Narayanan , Elif Kaynak , Vigneshwaran Shanmugam , Oisik Das
This study introduces a novel hexagonal honeycomb lattice design incorporating integrated diagonal struts, developed to enhance compression strength and energy absorption in 3D-printed polymer structures. Five distinct lattice configurations were fabricated using polylactic acid (PLA) filament and evaluated through uniaxial compression testing. The results showed that Lattice 5, which features a hexagonal unit cell with diagonal struts from top left to bottom right, had the highest compression strength of 45.78 MPa and absorbed 14,406 J of energy. In comparison, Lattice 1, with a regular hexagonal unit cell, had 15 % lower compression strength and 20 % lower energy absorption. Analytical models based on honeycomb geometry and PLA material properties were used to predict how the structures would deform. Finite element analysis (FEA) was also conducted to study the deformation under dynamic loading, with Lattice 5 proving to be the most efficient design. The diagonal struts in Lattice 5 helped to redistribute the load more evenly, reducing stress concentrations and allowing for a more gradual deformation. The FEA results matched the experimental data closely, confirming the accuracy of the predictions. These findings offer useful insights for improving lattice structures for applications that require high performance in terms of both structural strength and energy absorption.
{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of diagonally reinforced 3D-architected polymer honeycomb lattice structures fabricated via FDM using PLA","authors":"Vigneshwaran Karupaiah , Venkateshwaran Narayanan , Elif Kaynak , Vigneshwaran Shanmugam , Oisik Das","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel hexagonal honeycomb lattice design incorporating integrated diagonal struts, developed to enhance compression strength and energy absorption in 3D-printed polymer structures. Five distinct lattice configurations were fabricated using polylactic acid (PLA) filament and evaluated through uniaxial compression testing. The results showed that Lattice 5, which features a hexagonal unit cell with diagonal struts from top left to bottom right, had the highest compression strength of 45.78 MPa and absorbed 14,406 J of energy. In comparison, Lattice 1, with a regular hexagonal unit cell, had 15 % lower compression strength and 20 % lower energy absorption. Analytical models based on honeycomb geometry and PLA material properties were used to predict how the structures would deform. Finite element analysis (FEA) was also conducted to study the deformation under dynamic loading, with Lattice 5 proving to be the most efficient design. The diagonal struts in Lattice 5 helped to redistribute the load more evenly, reducing stress concentrations and allowing for a more gradual deformation. The FEA results matched the experimental data closely, confirming the accuracy of the predictions. These findings offer useful insights for improving lattice structures for applications that require high performance in terms of both structural strength and energy absorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-28DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100321
Baohua Ji
Mechanobiology is now a widely accepted field of science at the interface of biology, medicine, engineering, and physics. Mechanomedicine, however, is an emerging field of diagnosing and treating diseases based on the knowledge obtained from mechanobiological studies. It proposes a new concept of diagnosis and treatment of diseases using the mechanical concept, theories, and approaches. But the question how we employ the mechanical factors to diagnose and treat the diseases is far from being addressed. Here, based on our recent studies on the tensional homeostasis, we try to give some clues for the endeavor of answering these questions. Diseases are thought as the results of significant deviation of function/structure of life from the corresponding homeostasis at different length scales, including the tensional homeostasis. If we can properly tune the value of tension in the living organisms, then it creates a new way of treating the diseases.
{"title":"Mechanobiology and mechanomedicine: Tuning the tension in the life","authors":"Baohua Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanobiology is now a widely accepted field of science at the interface of biology, medicine, engineering, and physics. Mechanomedicine, however, is an emerging field of diagnosing and treating diseases based on the knowledge obtained from mechanobiological studies. It proposes a new concept of diagnosis and treatment of diseases using the mechanical concept, theories, and approaches. But the question how we employ the mechanical factors to diagnose and treat the diseases is far from being addressed. Here, based on our recent studies on the tensional homeostasis, we try to give some clues for the endeavor of answering these questions. Diseases are thought as the results of significant deviation of function/structure of life from the corresponding homeostasis at different length scales, including the tensional homeostasis. If we can properly tune the value of tension in the living organisms, then it creates a new way of treating the diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100315
Stéphane Grange, David Bertrand
This paper presents a new co-rotational shell element based on quaternion algebra as a means of parameterizing large rotations. The co-rotational framework is suitable for beam or shell elements and has been extensively studied in the literature. It is based on a decomposition between rigid body motion and local displacements that generate deformation.
The advantage of this framework lies in the fact that the internal element defined in the co-rotational frame can be derived from a library of elements (possibly in small or large deformations and even with material nonlinearities).
The present formulation constitutes an extension of a previous work devoted to a beam finite element using quaternion algebra and applied to shell finite elements. Quaternion algebra is used throughout the kinematic chain, and such parameterization offers an alternative to classical co-rotational formulations. The model is developed within the framework of incremental rotation formulations. Once the decomposition between rigid body motion and local displacements has been performed, the principle of virtual work is introduced to calculate the element response projected onto large displacements and rotations.
The adopted methodology is then exposed for a three-node triangular shell element. For the sake of simplicity and to demonstrate the capabilities of the co-rotational frame with quaternions, DKT (bending) and OPT (membrane) triangular shell elements with small strains are chosen as the internal element.
One of the main advantages of using quaternions for parameterization lies in their efficiency for dynamic applications, as they allow for a relative straightforward computation of gyroscopic terms. The numerical simulations show a stable mechanical energy of the systems and a good numerical stability.
Ten distinct static and dynamic numerical applications are also presented and compared to the literature.
{"title":"Co-rotational 3D shell element using quaternion algebra to account for large rotations: Static and dynamic applications","authors":"Stéphane Grange, David Bertrand","doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.finmec.2025.100315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new co-rotational shell element based on quaternion algebra as a means of parameterizing large rotations. The co-rotational framework is suitable for beam or shell elements and has been extensively studied in the literature. It is based on a decomposition between rigid body motion and local displacements that generate deformation.</div><div>The advantage of this framework lies in the fact that the internal element defined in the co-rotational frame can be derived from a library of elements (possibly in small or large deformations and even with material nonlinearities).</div><div>The present formulation constitutes an extension of a previous work devoted to a beam finite element using quaternion algebra and applied to shell finite elements. Quaternion algebra is used throughout the kinematic chain, and such parameterization offers an alternative to classical co-rotational formulations. The model is developed within the framework of incremental rotation formulations. Once the decomposition between rigid body motion and local displacements has been performed, the principle of virtual work is introduced to calculate the element response projected onto large displacements and rotations.</div><div>The adopted methodology is then exposed for a three-node triangular shell element. For the sake of simplicity and to demonstrate the capabilities of the co-rotational frame with quaternions, DKT (bending) and OPT (membrane) triangular shell elements with small strains are chosen as the internal element.</div><div>One of the main advantages of using quaternions for parameterization lies in their efficiency for dynamic applications, as they allow for a relative straightforward computation of gyroscopic terms. The numerical simulations show a stable mechanical energy of the systems and a good numerical stability.</div><div>Ten distinct static and dynamic numerical applications are also presented and compared to the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93433,"journal":{"name":"Forces in mechanics","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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