Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has extremely harmful impacts on individual lifestyles, and at present, people must make financial or survival decisions under the profound changes frequently. Although it has been reported that COVID-19 changed decision-making patterns, the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. This mini-review focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intertemporal choice, and potential psychological, biological, and social factors that mediate this relationship. A search of the Web of Science electronic database yielded twenty-three studies. The results showed that under the COVID-19 pandemic, people tended to choose immediate and smaller rewards, and became less patient. Especially, people with negative emotion, worse physical healthy condition, or incompliance with the government restriction rules tend to become more short-sighted. Future studies should examine more longitudinal and cross-cultural research to give a broad view about the decision-making change under the COVID-19 pandemic.
冠状病毒病(COVID-19)对个人的生活方式产生了极其有害的影响，目前人们必须在深刻的变化下频繁地做出财务或生存的决定。尽管有报道称COVID-19改变了决策模式，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。这篇小型综述的重点是COVID-19大流行对跨期选择的影响，以及介导这种关系的潜在心理、生物和社会因素。对Web of Science电子数据库的搜索产生了23项研究。结果表明，在新冠疫情下，人们倾向于选择即时和较小的奖励，并且变得缺乏耐心。特别是那些情绪消极、身体健康状况较差或不遵守政府限制规定的人，往往会变得更加短视。未来的研究应该进行更多的纵向和跨文化研究，以更广泛地了解COVID-19大流行下的决策变化。
{"title":"A mini-review on how COVID-19 pandemic impact on intertemporal choice","authors":"Xinwen Zhang, Ziyun Wu, Qinghua He","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has extremely harmful impacts on individual lifestyles, and at present, people must make financial or survival decisions under the profound changes frequently. Although it has been reported that COVID-19 changed decision-making patterns, the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. This mini-review focuses on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intertemporal choice, and potential psychological, biological, and social factors that mediate this relationship. A search of the Web of Science electronic database yielded twenty-three studies. The results showed that under the COVID-19 pandemic, people tended to choose immediate and smaller rewards, and became less patient. Especially, people with negative emotion, worse physical healthy condition, or incompliance with the government restriction rules tend to become more short-sighted. Future studies should examine more longitudinal and cross-cultural research to give a broad view about the decision-making change under the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Neuroimaging-based connectome studies have indicated that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with disrupted topological organization of large-scale brain networks. However, the disruptions and their clinical and cognitive relevance are not well established for morphological brain networks in adolescent MDD. Methods Twenty-five first-episode, treatment-naive adolescents with MDD and 19 healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted MRI and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Single-subject morphological brain networks were constructed separately based on cortical thickness, fractal dimension, gyrification index and sulcus depth, and topologically characterized by graph-based approaches. Between-group differences were inferred by permutation testing. For significant alterations, partial correlations were used to examine their associations with clinical and neuropsychological variables in the patients. Finally, support vector machine was used to classify the patients from controls. Results Compared with the HCs, the patients exhibited topological alterations only in cortical thickness-based networks characterized by higher nodal centralities in parietal (left PriMary Sensory Cortex) but lower nodal centralities in temporal (left ParaBelt Complex, right Perirhinal Ectorhinal Cortex, right Area PHT and right Ventral Visual Complex) regions. Moreover, decreased nodal centralities of some temporal regions were correlated with cognitive dysfunction and clinical characteristics of the patients. These results were largely reproducible for binary and weighted network analyses. Finally, topological properties of the cortical thickness-based networks were able to distinguish the MDD adolescents from controls with 87.6% accuracy. Conclusion Adolescent MDD is associated with disrupted topological organization of morphological brain networks, and the disruptions provide potential biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring the disease.
{"title":"Aberrant single-subject morphological brain networks in first-episode, treatment-naive adolescents with major depressive disorder","authors":"Xiaofan Qiu, Junle Li, Fen Pan, Yuping Yang, Weihua Zhou, Jinkai Chen, Ning Wei, Shaojia Lu, Xuchu Weng, Manli Huang, Jinhui Wang","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Neuroimaging-based connectome studies have indicated that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with disrupted topological organization of large-scale brain networks. However, the disruptions and their clinical and cognitive relevance are not well established for morphological brain networks in adolescent MDD. Methods Twenty-five first-episode, treatment-naive adolescents with MDD and 19 healthy controls (HCs) underwent T1-weighted MRI and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Single-subject morphological brain networks were constructed separately based on cortical thickness, fractal dimension, gyrification index and sulcus depth, and topologically characterized by graph-based approaches. Between-group differences were inferred by permutation testing. For significant alterations, partial correlations were used to examine their associations with clinical and neuropsychological variables in the patients. Finally, support vector machine was used to classify the patients from controls. Results Compared with the HCs, the patients exhibited topological alterations only in cortical thickness-based networks characterized by higher nodal centralities in parietal (left PriMary Sensory Cortex) but lower nodal centralities in temporal (left ParaBelt Complex, right Perirhinal Ectorhinal Cortex, right Area PHT and right Ventral Visual Complex) regions. Moreover, decreased nodal centralities of some temporal regions were correlated with cognitive dysfunction and clinical characteristics of the patients. These results were largely reproducible for binary and weighted network analyses. Finally, topological properties of the cortical thickness-based networks were able to distinguish the MDD adolescents from controls with 87.6% accuracy. Conclusion Adolescent MDD is associated with disrupted topological organization of morphological brain networks, and the disruptions provide potential biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring the disease.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134903407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qian Zhuang, Lei Qiao, Lei Xu, Shuxia Yao, Shuaiyu Chen, Xiaoxiao Zheng, Jialin Li, Meina Fu, Keshuang Li, Deniz Vatansever, Stefania Ferraro, Keith M Kendrick, Benjamin Becker
Abstract Background The involvement of specific basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in response inhibition has been extensively mapped in animal models. However, the pivotal nodes and directed casual regulation within this inhibitory circuit in humans remains controversial. Methods Here, we capitalize on the recent progress in robust and biologically plausible directed causal modelling (DCM-PEB) and a large response inhibition dataset (n=250) acquired with concomitant functional fMRI to determine key nodes, their causal regulation and modulation via biological variables (sex) and inhibitory performance in the inhibitory circuit encompassing the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), caudate nucleus (rCau), globus pallidum (rGP) and thalamus (rThal). Results The entire neural circuit exhibited high intrinsic connectivity and response inhibition critically increased causal projections from the rIFG to both rCau and rThal. Direct comparison further demonstrated that response inhibition induced an increasing rIFG inflow and increased the causal regulation of this region over the rCau and rThal. In addition, sex and performance influenced the architecture of the regulatory circuits such that women displayed increased rThal self-inhibition and decreased rThal to GP modulation, while better inhibitory performance was associated with stronger rThal to rIFG communication. Furthermore, control analyses did not reveal a similar key communication in a left lateralized model. Conclusions Together these findings indicate a pivotal role of the rIFG as input and causal regulator of subcortical response inhibition nodes.
{"title":"The right inferior frontal gyrus as pivotal node and effective regulator of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical response inhibition circuit","authors":"Qian Zhuang, Lei Qiao, Lei Xu, Shuxia Yao, Shuaiyu Chen, Xiaoxiao Zheng, Jialin Li, Meina Fu, Keshuang Li, Deniz Vatansever, Stefania Ferraro, Keith M Kendrick, Benjamin Becker","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The involvement of specific basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits in response inhibition has been extensively mapped in animal models. However, the pivotal nodes and directed casual regulation within this inhibitory circuit in humans remains controversial. Methods Here, we capitalize on the recent progress in robust and biologically plausible directed causal modelling (DCM-PEB) and a large response inhibition dataset (n=250) acquired with concomitant functional fMRI to determine key nodes, their causal regulation and modulation via biological variables (sex) and inhibitory performance in the inhibitory circuit encompassing the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG), caudate nucleus (rCau), globus pallidum (rGP) and thalamus (rThal). Results The entire neural circuit exhibited high intrinsic connectivity and response inhibition critically increased causal projections from the rIFG to both rCau and rThal. Direct comparison further demonstrated that response inhibition induced an increasing rIFG inflow and increased the causal regulation of this region over the rCau and rThal. In addition, sex and performance influenced the architecture of the regulatory circuits such that women displayed increased rThal self-inhibition and decreased rThal to GP modulation, while better inhibitory performance was associated with stronger rThal to rIFG communication. Furthermore, control analyses did not reveal a similar key communication in a left lateralized model. Conclusions Together these findings indicate a pivotal role of the rIFG as input and causal regulator of subcortical response inhibition nodes.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-13eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkad008
Rodolfo Dias Chiari-Correia, Vitor Tumas, Antônio Carlos Santos, Carlos Ernesto G Salmon
Background: The mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage among elderly individuals is very complex, and the level of diagnostic accuracy is far from ideal. Some studies have tried to improve the 'MCI due to Alzheimer's disease (AD)' classification by further stratifying these patients into subgroups. Depression-related symptoms may play an important role in helping to better define the MCI stage in elderly individuals.
Objective: In this work, we explored functional and structural differences in the brains of patients with nondepressed MCI (nDMCI) and patients with MCI with depressive symptoms (DMCI), and we examined how these groups relate to AD atrophy patterns and cognitive functioning.
Methods: Sixty-five participants underwent MRI exams and were divided into four groups: cognitively normal, nDMCI, DMCI, and AD. We compared the regional brain volumes, cortical thickness, and white matter microstructure measures using diffusion tensor imaging among groups. Additionally, we evaluated changes in functional connectivity using fMRI data.
Results: In comparison to the nDMCI group, the DMCI patients had more pronounced atrophy in the hippocampus and amygdala. Additionally, DMCI patients had asymmetric damage in the limbic-frontal white matter connection. Furthermore, two medial posterior regions, the isthmus of cingulate gyrus and especially the lingual gyrus, had high importance in the structural and functional differentiation between the two groups.
Conclusion: It is possible to differentiate nDMCI from DMCI patients using MRI techniques, which may contribute to a better characterization of subtypes of the MCI stage.
{"title":"Structural and functional differences in the brains of patients with MCI with and without depressive symptoms and their relations with Alzheimer's disease: an MRI study.","authors":"Rodolfo Dias Chiari-Correia, Vitor Tumas, Antônio Carlos Santos, Carlos Ernesto G Salmon","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage among elderly individuals is very complex, and the level of diagnostic accuracy is far from ideal. Some studies have tried to improve the 'MCI due to Alzheimer's disease (AD)' classification by further stratifying these patients into subgroups. Depression-related symptoms may play an important role in helping to better define the MCI stage in elderly individuals.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this work, we explored functional and structural differences in the brains of patients with nondepressed MCI (nDMCI) and patients with MCI with depressive symptoms (DMCI), and we examined how these groups relate to AD atrophy patterns and cognitive functioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-five participants underwent MRI exams and were divided into four groups: cognitively normal, nDMCI, DMCI, and AD. We compared the regional brain volumes, cortical thickness, and white matter microstructure measures using diffusion tensor imaging among groups. Additionally, we evaluated changes in functional connectivity using fMRI data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In comparison to the nDMCI group, the DMCI patients had more pronounced atrophy in the hippocampus and amygdala. Additionally, DMCI patients had asymmetric damage in the limbic-frontal white matter connection. Furthermore, two medial posterior regions, the isthmus of cingulate gyrus and especially the lingual gyrus, had high importance in the structural and functional differentiation between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is possible to differentiate nDMCI from DMCI patients using MRI techniques, which may contribute to a better characterization of subtypes of the MCI stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"kkad008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87703898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Impulsivity and decision-making are key factors in addiction. However, little is known about how gender and time sensitivity affect impulsivity in internet gaming disorder (IGD). Objective To investigate the gender difference of impulsive decision-making and relevant brain responses in IGD. Methods We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with 123 participants, including 59 IGD individuals (26 females) and 64 matched recreational game users (RGUs, 23 females). Participants performed a delay-discounting task during fMRI scanning. We examined gender-by-group effects on behavioral and neural measures to explore the preference for immediate over delayed rewards and the associated brain activity. We also investigated the network correlations between addiction severity and behavioral and neural measures, and analyzed the mediating role of brain activity in the link between delay discounting parameters and IGD severity. Results We found significant gender-by-group interactions. The imaging results revealed gender-by-group interactions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial frontal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Post hoc analysis indicated that, for females, RGUs showed higher activity than IGD individuals in these brain regions, while for males IGD individuals exhibited higher activity than RGUs. The activation in the left IFG mediated the relation between Internet Addiction Test score and discount rate in females. In males, the activation in the right dlPFC mediated the relation between IAT score and time sensitivity. Discussion Our findings imply that male IGD participants demonstrate impaired intertemporal decisions associated with neural dysfunction. Influencing factors for impulsive decision-making in IGD diverge between males (time sensitivity) and females (discount rate). These findings augment our comprehension of the neural underpinnings of gender differences in IGD and bear significant implications for devising effective intervention strategies for treating people with IGD.
{"title":"Gender difference in network relationship between inter-temporal decisions and prefrontal activation levels in Internet gaming disorder","authors":"Hui Zheng, Weiran Zhou, Min Wang, Hao-hao Dong, Chunlei Lu, Jia-lin Zhang, Xue-feng Ma, Yanbo Hu, Guangheng Dong","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Impulsivity and decision-making are key factors in addiction. However, little is known about how gender and time sensitivity affect impulsivity in internet gaming disorder (IGD). Objective To investigate the gender difference of impulsive decision-making and relevant brain responses in IGD. Methods We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with 123 participants, including 59 IGD individuals (26 females) and 64 matched recreational game users (RGUs, 23 females). Participants performed a delay-discounting task during fMRI scanning. We examined gender-by-group effects on behavioral and neural measures to explore the preference for immediate over delayed rewards and the associated brain activity. We also investigated the network correlations between addiction severity and behavioral and neural measures, and analyzed the mediating role of brain activity in the link between delay discounting parameters and IGD severity. Results We found significant gender-by-group interactions. The imaging results revealed gender-by-group interactions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, medial frontal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Post hoc analysis indicated that, for females, RGUs showed higher activity than IGD individuals in these brain regions, while for males IGD individuals exhibited higher activity than RGUs. The activation in the left IFG mediated the relation between Internet Addiction Test score and discount rate in females. In males, the activation in the right dlPFC mediated the relation between IAT score and time sensitivity. Discussion Our findings imply that male IGD participants demonstrate impaired intertemporal decisions associated with neural dysfunction. Influencing factors for impulsive decision-making in IGD diverge between males (time sensitivity) and females (discount rate). These findings augment our comprehension of the neural underpinnings of gender differences in IGD and bear significant implications for devising effective intervention strategies for treating people with IGD.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135532684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin Huang, Chen Wang, Hang-Bin Zhang, Hui Zheng, Tao Huang, Jian-Zhong Di
Abstract This article reviews the previous studies on the distinction between food cravings and appetite, and how they are regulated by hormones and reflected in brain activity. Based on existing research, food cravings are defined as individual preferences influenced by hormones and psychological factors, which differ from appetite, as they are not necessarily related to hunger or nutritional needs. The article also evaluates the neuroimaging findings about food cravings, and interventions to reduce food cravings, such as mindfulness training, alternative sweeteners, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and imaginal retraining, and points out their advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. Furthermore, the article delves into the potential future directions in the field, emphasizing the need for a neuroendocrine perspective, considerations for associated psychiatric disorders, innovative clinical interventions, and emerging therapeutic frontiers in obesity management. The article outlines the neuro-endocrine basis of food cravings, including ghrelin, leptin, melanocortin, oxytocin, glucagon-like peptide-1, baclofen, and other hormones and their brain regions of action. The article argues that food cravings are an important target for obesity, and more research is needed to explore their complex characteristics and mechanisms, and how to effectively interact with their neuro-endocrine pathways. The article provides a new perspective and approach to the prevention and treatment of obesity.
{"title":"Neuroimaging and neuroendocrine insights into food cravings and appetite interventions in obesity","authors":"Jin Huang, Chen Wang, Hang-Bin Zhang, Hui Zheng, Tao Huang, Jian-Zhong Di","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article reviews the previous studies on the distinction between food cravings and appetite, and how they are regulated by hormones and reflected in brain activity. Based on existing research, food cravings are defined as individual preferences influenced by hormones and psychological factors, which differ from appetite, as they are not necessarily related to hunger or nutritional needs. The article also evaluates the neuroimaging findings about food cravings, and interventions to reduce food cravings, such as mindfulness training, alternative sweeteners, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and imaginal retraining, and points out their advantages, disadvantages, and limitations. Furthermore, the article delves into the potential future directions in the field, emphasizing the need for a neuroendocrine perspective, considerations for associated psychiatric disorders, innovative clinical interventions, and emerging therapeutic frontiers in obesity management. The article outlines the neuro-endocrine basis of food cravings, including ghrelin, leptin, melanocortin, oxytocin, glucagon-like peptide-1, baclofen, and other hormones and their brain regions of action. The article argues that food cravings are an important target for obesity, and more research is needed to explore their complex characteristics and mechanisms, and how to effectively interact with their neuro-endocrine pathways. The article provides a new perspective and approach to the prevention and treatment of obesity.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) has different clinical presentations in males and females. However, the neuroanatomical mechanisms underlying these sex differences are not fully understood. Objective The purpose of present study was to explore the sex differences in brain cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) of MDD and the relationship between these differences and clinical manifestations in different gender. Methods High-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired from 61 patients with MDD and 61 healthy controls (36 females and 25 males, both). The sex differences in CT and SA were obtained using the FreeSurfer software and compared between every two groups by post hoc test. Spearman correlation analysis was also performed to explore the relationships between these regions and clinical characteristics. Results In male patients with MDD, the CT of the right precentral was thinner compared to female patients, although this did not survive Bonferroni correction. The SA of several regions, including right superior frontal, medial orbitofrontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus triangle, superior temporal, middle temporal, lateral occipital gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule in female patients with MDD was smaller than that in male patients (P < 0.01 after Bonferroni correction). In female patients, the SA of the right superior temporal (r = 0.438, P = 0.008), middle temporal (r = 0.340, P = 0.043), and lateral occipital gyrus (r = 0.372, P = 0.025) were positively correlated with illness duration. Conclusion The current study provides evidence of sex differences in CT and SA in patients with MDD, which may improve our understanding of the sex-specific neuroanatomical changes in the development of MDD.
背景重度抑郁障碍(MDD)在男性和女性中具有不同的临床表现。然而，这些性别差异背后的神经解剖学机制尚不完全清楚。目的探讨重度抑郁症患者脑皮质厚度(CT)和脑表面积(SA)的性别差异及其与临床表现的关系。方法采集61例重度抑郁症患者和61例健康对照者(女性36例，男性25例)的高分辨率t1加权图像。采用FreeSurfer软件获取CT和SA的性别差异，并通过事后检验比较两组间的差异。并进行Spearman相关分析，探讨这些区域与临床特征的关系。结果男性MDD患者的右侧中央前区CT较女性患者薄，但Bonferroni矫正术未能成功。女性MDD患者右侧额上回、眶额内侧回、额下回三角、颞上回、颞中回、枕外侧回、顶叶下小叶等区域的SA均小于男性(P <Bonferroni校正后0.01)。女性患者右侧颞上区SA (r = 0.438, P = 0.008)、颞中区SA (r = 0.340, P = 0.043)、枕外侧回SA (r = 0.372, P = 0.025)与病程呈正相关。结论本研究为MDD患者CT和SA的性别差异提供了证据，有助于提高我们对MDD发展过程中性别特异性神经解剖学变化的认识。
{"title":"Sex differences of brain cortical structure in major depressive disorder","authors":"Jingping Mou, Ting Zheng, Zhiliang Long, Lan Mei, Yuting Wang, Yizhi Yuan, Xin Guo, Hongli Yang, Xinyu Hu, Qiyong Gong, Lihua Qiu","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) has different clinical presentations in males and females. However, the neuroanatomical mechanisms underlying these sex differences are not fully understood. Objective The purpose of present study was to explore the sex differences in brain cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) of MDD and the relationship between these differences and clinical manifestations in different gender. Methods High-resolution T1-weighted images were acquired from 61 patients with MDD and 61 healthy controls (36 females and 25 males, both). The sex differences in CT and SA were obtained using the FreeSurfer software and compared between every two groups by post hoc test. Spearman correlation analysis was also performed to explore the relationships between these regions and clinical characteristics. Results In male patients with MDD, the CT of the right precentral was thinner compared to female patients, although this did not survive Bonferroni correction. The SA of several regions, including right superior frontal, medial orbitofrontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus triangle, superior temporal, middle temporal, lateral occipital gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule in female patients with MDD was smaller than that in male patients (P &lt; 0.01 after Bonferroni correction). In female patients, the SA of the right superior temporal (r = 0.438, P = 0.008), middle temporal (r = 0.340, P = 0.043), and lateral occipital gyrus (r = 0.372, P = 0.025) were positively correlated with illness duration. Conclusion The current study provides evidence of sex differences in CT and SA in patients with MDD, which may improve our understanding of the sex-specific neuroanatomical changes in the development of MDD.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135312279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia Tan, Guangying Zhang, Jiaqi Hao, Huawei Cai, Dingping Wu, Zhuoxiao Su, Beibei Liu, Min Wu
Abstract Psychiatric disorders have always attracted a lot of attention from researchers due to the difficulties in their diagnoses and treatments. Molecular imaging, as an emerging technology, has played an important role in the researchers of various diseases. In recent years, molecular imaging techniques including magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nuclear medicine imaging, and fluorescence imaging have been widely used in the study of psychiatric disorders. This review will briefly summarize the progression of molecular imaging in psychiatric disorders.
{"title":"Progress in the application of molecular imaging in psychiatric disorders","authors":"Jia Tan, Guangying Zhang, Jiaqi Hao, Huawei Cai, Dingping Wu, Zhuoxiao Su, Beibei Liu, Min Wu","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Psychiatric disorders have always attracted a lot of attention from researchers due to the difficulties in their diagnoses and treatments. Molecular imaging, as an emerging technology, has played an important role in the researchers of various diseases. In recent years, molecular imaging techniques including magnetic resonance spectroscopy, nuclear medicine imaging, and fluorescence imaging have been widely used in the study of psychiatric disorders. This review will briefly summarize the progression of molecular imaging in psychiatric disorders.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136053008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In an era where neuroscience dances with computational advances, the power to “visualize” one's thoughts at image-level is no longer confined to the realm of science fiction. This groundbreaking image reconstruction from brain signals (IRBS) techniques, riding the wave of deep learning and large-scale neuroimaging datasets, offer an unprecedented perspective for not only neurocognitive research but also psychiatry. In this short commentary, I provide a concise introduction to the development of IRBS technology and offer a perspective on its potential applications, current limitations, and future directions in psychiatry.
{"title":"Visualizing the Mind's Eye: A Future Perspective on Applications of Image Reconstruction from Brain Signals to Psychiatry","authors":"Zitong Lu","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad022","url":null,"abstract":"In an era where neuroscience dances with computational advances, the power to “visualize” one's thoughts at image-level is no longer confined to the realm of science fiction. This groundbreaking image reconstruction from brain signals (IRBS) techniques, riding the wave of deep learning and large-scale neuroimaging datasets, offer an unprecedented perspective for not only neurocognitive research but also psychiatry. In this short commentary, I provide a concise introduction to the development of IRBS technology and offer a perspective on its potential applications, current limitations, and future directions in psychiatry.","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanfang Pan, Kun Qin, Aniruddha Shekara, Melissa P DelBello
{"title":"ChatGPT: A Promising AI Technology for Psychoradiology Research and Practice","authors":"Nanfang Pan, Kun Qin, Aniruddha Shekara, Melissa P DelBello","doi":"10.1093/psyrad/kkad018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/psyrad/kkad018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93496,"journal":{"name":"Psychoradiology","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135801269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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