Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication : Virtual Conference, September 23-25, 2020 : NanoCom 2020. ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication (7th : 2020 :...最新文献
{"title":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3411295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411295","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93611,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication : Virtual Conference, September 23-25, 2020 : NanoCom 2020. ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication (7th : 2020 :...","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85314177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two key challenges in diffusion-based molecular communication are low data rates and accounting for the geometry of the fluid medium in the form of obstacles and the boundary. To reduce the need for the receiver to have knowledge of the geometry of the medium, binary equilibrium signaling has recently been proposed for molecular communication with a passive receiver in bounded channels. In this approach, reversible chemical reactions are introduced at the transmitter and the receiver in order for the system to converge to a known equilibrium state. This provides a means of designing simple detection rules that only depend on the transmitted signal and the volume of the bounded fluid medium. In this paper, we introduce multi-level equilibrium signaling, which allows for higher data rates via higher order modulation. We show that for a wide range of conditions, with appropriate receiver optimization, multi-level equilibrium signaling can outperform conventional concentration shift keying schemes. As such, our approach provides a basis to improve data rates in molecular communications without the need to increase the complexity of the system by exploiting techniques such as multiple information-carrying molecules.
{"title":"Multi-level equilibrium signaling for molecular communication","authors":"B. C. Akdeniz, Malcolm Egan","doi":"10.1145/3411295.3411318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411295.3411318","url":null,"abstract":"Two key challenges in diffusion-based molecular communication are low data rates and accounting for the geometry of the fluid medium in the form of obstacles and the boundary. To reduce the need for the receiver to have knowledge of the geometry of the medium, binary equilibrium signaling has recently been proposed for molecular communication with a passive receiver in bounded channels. In this approach, reversible chemical reactions are introduced at the transmitter and the receiver in order for the system to converge to a known equilibrium state. This provides a means of designing simple detection rules that only depend on the transmitted signal and the volume of the bounded fluid medium. In this paper, we introduce multi-level equilibrium signaling, which allows for higher data rates via higher order modulation. We show that for a wide range of conditions, with appropriate receiver optimization, multi-level equilibrium signaling can outperform conventional concentration shift keying schemes. As such, our approach provides a basis to improve data rates in molecular communications without the need to increase the complexity of the system by exploiting techniques such as multiple information-carrying molecules.","PeriodicalId":93611,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication : Virtual Conference, September 23-25, 2020 : NanoCom 2020. ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication (7th : 2020 :...","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83326698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the future, with the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensors, and multiple 5G applications yet to be developed, an indoor room might be filled with 1000s of devices. These devices will have different Quality of Service (QoS) demands and resource constraints, such as mobility, hardware, and efficiency requirements. The THz band has a massive greenfield spectrum and is envisioned to cater to these dense-indoor deployments. However, THz has multiple caveats, such as high absorption rate, limited coverage range, low transmit power, sensitivity to mobility, and frequent outages, making it challenging to deploy. THz might compel networks to be dependent on additional infrastructure, which might not be profitable for network operators and can even result in inefficient resource utilization for devices demanding low to moderate data rates. Using distributed Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in the THz, we can cater to these ultra-dense low data rate type applications in a constrained resource situation. We propose a 2-Layered distributed D2D model, where devices use coordinated multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to maximize efficiency and user coverage for dense-indoor deployment. We explore the choice of features required to train the algorithms and how it impacts the system efficiency. We show that densification and mobility in a network can be used to further the limited coverage range of THz devices, without the need for extra infrastructure or resources.
{"title":"Ultra-dense low data rate (UDLD) communication in the THz","authors":"Rohit Singh, D. Sicker","doi":"10.1145/3411295.3411317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411295.3411317","url":null,"abstract":"In the future, with the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensors, and multiple 5G applications yet to be developed, an indoor room might be filled with 1000s of devices. These devices will have different Quality of Service (QoS) demands and resource constraints, such as mobility, hardware, and efficiency requirements. The THz band has a massive greenfield spectrum and is envisioned to cater to these dense-indoor deployments. However, THz has multiple caveats, such as high absorption rate, limited coverage range, low transmit power, sensitivity to mobility, and frequent outages, making it challenging to deploy. THz might compel networks to be dependent on additional infrastructure, which might not be profitable for network operators and can even result in inefficient resource utilization for devices demanding low to moderate data rates. Using distributed Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in the THz, we can cater to these ultra-dense low data rate type applications in a constrained resource situation. We propose a 2-Layered distributed D2D model, where devices use coordinated multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to maximize efficiency and user coverage for dense-indoor deployment. We explore the choice of features required to train the algorithms and how it impacts the system efficiency. We show that densification and mobility in a network can be used to further the limited coverage range of THz devices, without the need for extra infrastructure or resources.","PeriodicalId":93611,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication : Virtual Conference, September 23-25, 2020 : NanoCom 2020. ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication (7th : 2020 :...","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90251107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecules and combinations of molecules are the natural communication currency of microbes; microbes have evolved and been engineered to sense a variety of compounds, often with exquisite sensitivity. The availability of microbial biosensors, combined with the ability to genetically engineer biological circuits to process information, make microbes attractive bionanomachines for propagating information through molecular communication (MC) networks. However, MC networks built entirely of biological components suffer a number of limitations. They are extremely slow due to processing and propagation delays and must employ simple algorithms due to the still limited computational capabilities of biological circuits. In this work, we propose a hybrid bio-electronic framework which utilizes biological components for sensing but offloads processing and computation to traditional electronic systems and communication infrastructure. This is achieved by using tools from the burgeoning field of optogenetics to trigger biosensing through an optoelectronic interface, alleviating the need for computation and communication in the biological domain.
{"title":"Shining light on molecular communication","authors":"Bhuvana Krishnaswamy, Megan N. McClean","doi":"10.1145/3411295.3411307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411295.3411307","url":null,"abstract":"Molecules and combinations of molecules are the natural communication currency of microbes; microbes have evolved and been engineered to sense a variety of compounds, often with exquisite sensitivity. The availability of microbial biosensors, combined with the ability to genetically engineer biological circuits to process information, make microbes attractive bionanomachines for propagating information through molecular communication (MC) networks. However, MC networks built entirely of biological components suffer a number of limitations. They are extremely slow due to processing and propagation delays and must employ simple algorithms due to the still limited computational capabilities of biological circuits. In this work, we propose a hybrid bio-electronic framework which utilizes biological components for sensing but offloads processing and computation to traditional electronic systems and communication infrastructure. This is achieved by using tools from the burgeoning field of optogenetics to trigger biosensing through an optoelectronic interface, alleviating the need for computation and communication in the biological domain.","PeriodicalId":93611,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication : Virtual Conference, September 23-25, 2020 : NanoCom 2020. ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication (7th : 2020 :...","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73370560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Max Bartunik, Marco Fleischer, W. Haselmayr, J. Kirchner
Droplet-based microfluidic systems are a promising platform for lab-on-a-chip (LoC) applications. These systems can also be used to enhance LoC applications with integrated droplet control information or for data transmission scenarios in the context of molecular communication. For both use-cases the detection and characterisation of droplets in small microfluidic channels is crucial. So far, only complex lab setups with restricted capabilities have been presented as detection devices. We present a new low-cost and portable droplet detector. The device is used to confidently distinguish between individual droplets in a droplet-based microfluidic system. Using on-off keying a 16-bit sequence is successfully transmitted for the first time with such a setup. Furthermore, the devices capabilities to characterise droplets regarding colour and size are demonstrated. Such an application of a spectral sensor in a microfluidic system presents new possibilities, such as colour-coded data transmission or analysis of droplet content.
{"title":"Colour-specific microfluidic droplet detection for molecular communication","authors":"Max Bartunik, Marco Fleischer, W. Haselmayr, J. Kirchner","doi":"10.1145/3411295.3411304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3411295.3411304","url":null,"abstract":"Droplet-based microfluidic systems are a promising platform for lab-on-a-chip (LoC) applications. These systems can also be used to enhance LoC applications with integrated droplet control information or for data transmission scenarios in the context of molecular communication. For both use-cases the detection and characterisation of droplets in small microfluidic channels is crucial. So far, only complex lab setups with restricted capabilities have been presented as detection devices. We present a new low-cost and portable droplet detector. The device is used to confidently distinguish between individual droplets in a droplet-based microfluidic system. Using on-off keying a 16-bit sequence is successfully transmitted for the first time with such a setup. Furthermore, the devices capabilities to characterise droplets regarding colour and size are demonstrated. Such an application of a spectral sensor in a microfluidic system presents new possibilities, such as colour-coded data transmission or analysis of droplet content.","PeriodicalId":93611,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication : Virtual Conference, September 23-25, 2020 : NanoCom 2020. ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication (7th : 2020 :...","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85169877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication : Virtual Conference, September 23-25, 2020 : NanoCom 2020. ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication (7th : 2020 :...
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