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APPLICATION OF CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR ROAD TYPE CLASSIFICATION 卷积神经网络在道路类型分类中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.22190/fuacr230123001p
S. Peric, Nina Vukić, D. Antić, M. Milojković, Anđela Đorđević
This paper presents an application of convolutional neural networks (CNN) in autonomous driving system, which represents the capacity of a vehicle to operate mostly or entirely autonomously, with or without human assistance. After basic introduction of CNN, we design and apply CNN-based algorithm in road type classification problem. The performed simulations show that satisfactory results can be achieved even with little data available.
本文介绍了卷积神经网络(CNN)在自动驾驶系统中的应用,自动驾驶系统代表了车辆在有或没有人工辅助的情况下大部分或完全自主运行的能力。在对CNN进行基本介绍后,设计并应用了基于CNN的道路类型分类算法。仿真结果表明,即使在数据很少的情况下,也能得到令人满意的结果。
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引用次数: 0
NOVEL EXPONENTIAL TYPE APPROXIMATIONS OF THE Q-FUNCTION q函数的新型指数型近似
Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.22190/fuacr220401005n
J. Nikolić, Z. Perić
In this paper, we propose several solutions for approximating the Q-function using one exponential function or the sum of two exponential functions. As the novel Q-function approximations have simple analytical forms and are therefore very suitable for further derivation of expressions in closed forms, a large number of applications are feasible. The application of the novel exponential type approximations of the Q-function is especially important for overcoming issues arising in designing scalar companding quantizers for the Gaussian source, which are caused by the non-existence of a closed form expression for the Q-function. Since our approximations of the Q-function have simple analytical forms and are more accurate than the approximations of the Q-function previously used for the observed problem in the scalar companding quantization of the Gaussian source, their application, especially for this problem is of great importance.
本文给出了用一个指数函数或两个指数函数和逼近q函数的几种解法。由于新的q函数近似具有简单的解析形式,因此非常适合于进一步推导封闭形式的表达式,因此具有大量的应用可行性。在为高斯源设计标量压缩量子器时,由于q函数不存在封闭形式表达式而导致标量压缩量子器的问题,这种新的q函数指数型近似的应用尤为重要。由于我们的q函数近似具有简单的解析形式,并且比以前用于高斯源的标量扩展量化中观测问题的q函数近似更精确,因此它们的应用,特别是对该问题的应用具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 1
LINEAR RECURRENCE RELATONS AND ORDINARY GENERATING FUNCTIONS APPLIED ON MODELING PROCESSES IN CONTROL THEORY 线性递归关系和普通生成函数在控制理论过程建模中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.22190/fuacr211223002r
Branislav Ranđelović, Sasa Nikolic, Aleksandra Milovanović, Ivana D. Ilić
In this paper we apply multistep recurrence relations, as one of very simple and useful mathematical models. It is an efficient tool for solving many problems in mathematics, science, and technics. We also use generating functions, as a connection between real number sequences and real functions, and as a very smooth and efficient connection between the discrete mathematics and (continual) mathematical analysis. We present an application of multistep homogenous linear recurrence relations for modelling some processes in the control theory. Further on, we use the ordinary generating function aiming to find appropriate formulae for calculating members of an appropriate recurrence sequence. Finally, we show the application of this novel mathematical approach on one real example in the control theory.
多步递归关系是一种非常简单实用的数学模型。它是解决许多数学、科学和技术问题的有效工具。我们还使用生成函数,作为实数序列和实数函数之间的连接,以及作为离散数学和(连续)数学分析之间的非常平滑和有效的连接。本文讨论了控制理论中多步齐次线性递归关系在某些过程建模中的应用。进一步,我们使用普通的生成函数,旨在找到合适的公式来计算一个合适的递归序列的成员。最后,给出了该方法在控制理论中的应用实例。
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引用次数: 0
INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF TREE-BASED NETWORK TOPOLOGY ON THE SDN CONTROLLER PERFORMANCE 研究基于树的网络拓扑对SDN控制器性能的影响
Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.22190/fuacr211223003c
D. Čabarkapa, Dejan Rančić, Petar Pavlović, Miodrag Milićević
Software Defined Networking (SDN) is an important technology that enables a new approach to how we develop and manage networks. SDN divides the data plane and control plane and promotes logical centralization of network control so that the controller can schedule the data in the network effectively through the OpenFlow protocol. The performance and capabilities of the controller itself are important. The impact of network topology type on controller performance can be very significant. In order to have better communication in SDN, it is essential to have an analysis of the performance of specific network topologies. In this paper, we simulate ONOS and RYU controllers and compare their different network parameters under the proposed complex custom Tree-based topology. A network topology has been designed using a Mininet emulator, and the code for topology is executed in Python. From the throughput, packet transmission rate, and latency analysis, the ONOS controller displayed better results than RYU, showing that it can respond to requests more efficiently under complex SDN topologies and traffic loads. On the contrary, the RYU controller provides better results for the less complex SDN networks.
软件定义网络(SDN)是一项重要的技术,它为我们开发和管理网络提供了一种新的方法。SDN划分了数据平面和控制平面,促进了网络控制的逻辑集中化,控制器可以通过OpenFlow协议对网络中的数据进行有效的调度。控制器本身的性能和能力很重要。网络拓扑类型对控制器性能的影响是非常显著的。为了在SDN中有更好的通信,有必要对特定网络拓扑的性能进行分析。在本文中,我们模拟了ONOS和RYU控制器,并在提出的复杂自定义树拓扑下比较了它们不同的网络参数。使用Mininet仿真器设计了网络拓扑,并用Python执行拓扑代码。从吞吐量、数据包传输速率和延迟分析来看,ONOS控制器表现出比RYU更好的结果,表明在复杂的SDN拓扑和流量负载下,ONOS控制器可以更有效地响应请求。相反,RYU控制器对于不太复杂的SDN网络提供了更好的结果。
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引用次数: 0
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF MRC-SC MACRODIVERSITY RECEPTION OVER GENERALIZED FADING CHANNELS 广义衰落信道下mrc-sc宏分集接收性能分析
Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.22190/fuacr211220001m
N. Milosevic, D. Milic, D. Milovic, J. Anastasov
This paper shows a detailed statistical characterization of a specific system configuration consisting of one multibranch maximal-ratio-combining (MRC) and one selection-combining (SC) micro-level base station, and SC back processing unit at macro level. Primarily, the scenario of the independent and identically distributed generalized-K fading channels is investigated. After that, the correlated branches at SC-based micro-level are assumed. The outage probability and the error probability performance for both cases are defined. According to the presented analytical analysis, numerical results are obtained. Also, the impact of the number of MRC and SC input branches, the impact of the fading/shadowing factor, the predefined outage threshold, the average signal-to-noise ratios and the correlation coefficient on the specified system performance is shown. Simulations validate the accuracy of the proposed analytical analysis.
本文给出了一个由一个多分支最大比组合(MRC)和一个选择组合(SC)微级基站和宏观级SC后台处理单元组成的特定系统配置的详细统计特征。首先,研究了独立同分布广义k衰落信道的情形。然后,假设基于sc的微观层面的相关分支。定义了两种情况下的中断概率和错误概率性能。根据所提出的解析分析,得到了数值结果。此外,还显示了MRC和SC输入支路数量、衰落/阴影因子、预定义停机阈值、平均信噪比和相关系数对指定系统性能的影响。仿真验证了所提分析分析的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
ONE-BIT QUANTIZER PARAMETRIZATION FOR ARBITRARY LAPLACIAN SOURCES 任意拉普拉斯源的一比特量化参数化
Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.22190/fuacr220321004a
D. Aleksić, Z. Perić
In this paper we suggest an exact formula for the total distortion of one-bit quantizer and for the arbitrary Laplacian probability density function (pdf). Suggested formula additionally extends normalized case of zero mean and unit variance, which is the most applied quantization case not only in traditional quantization rather in contemporary solutions that involve quantization. Additionally symmetrical quantizer’s representation levels are calculated from minimal distortion criteria. Note that one-bit quantization is the most sensitive quantization from the standpoint of accuracy degradation and quantization error, thus increasing importance of the suggested parameterization of one-bit quantizer.
本文给出了一比特量化器总失真和任意拉普拉斯概率密度函数(pdf)的精确公式。该公式还扩展了零均值和单位方差的归一化情况,这不仅是传统量化中应用最多的量化情况,也是现代涉及量化的解决方案中应用最多的量化情况。此外,对称量化器的表示水平从最小失真准则计算。请注意,从精度退化和量化误差的角度来看,1位量化是最敏感的量化,因此建议的1位量化器参数化的重要性日益增加。
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引用次数: 0
DETECTION OF TEXTURE-LESS OBJECTS BY LINE-BASED APPROACH 基于线的无纹理物体检测方法
Pub Date : 2020-01-27 DOI: 10.22190/fuacr1902079c
Stevica Cvetkovic, N. Grujic, Slobodan Ilic, G. Stancic
This paper proposes a method for tackling the problem of scalable object instance detection in the presence of clutter and occlusions. It gathers together advantages in respect of the state-of-the-art object detection approaches, being at the same time able to scale favorably with the number of models, computationally efficient and suited to texture-less objects as well. The proposed method has the following advantages: a) generality – it works for both texture-less and textured objects, b) scalability – it scales sub-linearly with the number of objects stored in the object database, and c) computational efficiency – it runs in near real-time. In contrast to the traditional affine-invariant detectors/descriptors which are local and not discriminative for texture-less objects, our method is based on line segments around which it computes semi-global descriptor by encoding gradient information in scale and rotation invariant manner. It relies on both texture and shape information and is, therefore, suited for both textured and texture-less objects. The descriptor is integrated into efficient object detection procedure which exploits the fact that the line segment determines scale, orientation and position of an object, by its two endpoints. This is used to construct several effective techniques for object hypotheses generation, scoring and multiple object reasoning; which are integrated in the proposed object detection procedure. Thanks to its ability to detect objects even if only one correct line match is found, our method allows detection of the objects under heavy clutter and occlusions. Extensive evaluation on several public benchmark datasets for texture-less and textured object detection, demonstrates its scalability and high effectiveness.
本文提出了一种解决在杂波和遮挡情况下可扩展的目标实例检测问题的方法。它汇集了最先进的物体检测方法的优点,同时能够随着模型数量的增加而进行扩展,计算效率高,也适合无纹理的物体。该方法具有以下优点:a)通用性-它既适用于无纹理对象,也适用于纹理对象;b)可扩展性-它与对象数据库中存储的对象数量呈亚线性扩展;c)计算效率-它在接近实时的情况下运行。传统的仿射不变检测器/描述子对于无纹理的物体是局部的、无区别的,而我们的方法是基于线段,通过对梯度信息进行尺度和旋转不变的编码来计算半全局描述子。它依赖于纹理和形状信息,因此适用于有纹理和无纹理的对象。该描述符被集成到有效的目标检测过程中,该过程利用线段通过其两个端点决定对象的规模,方向和位置的事实。这用于构建几种有效的对象假设生成、评分和多对象推理技术;这些都集成在了目标检测过程中。由于它能够在只有一条正确的线匹配的情况下检测物体,我们的方法允许在严重的杂波和遮挡下检测物体。在无纹理和有纹理目标检测的几个公共基准数据集上进行了广泛的评估,证明了该方法的可扩展性和高效性。
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引用次数: 0
SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES IMPORT FROM UNSTRUCTURED DATA 从非结构化数据中导入科学参考文献
Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.22190/FUACR1901031V
Natasa Z. Veljkovic, Darko Puflović, L. Stoimenov
Along teaching scientific research is second most important task for every university and faculty member. Research results are commonly published as journal papers, book chapters or as conference proceedings with the purpose to communicate the findings in academic circles, serve as promotion, or be used for tenure or reapplication. Maintaining the list of scientific references, can be a time consuming and tedious activity. To help along the process we have created a Web application named References that makes the process of editing and formatting the references partially automated and less time consuming. In this paper we present the architecture of the application, its functionalities and newly added feature that enables importing references both from structured and unstructured data.
随着教学的发展,科学研究是每一所大学和教师的第二重要任务。研究成果通常以期刊论文、书籍章节或会议论文集的形式发表,目的是在学术界交流研究成果,为晋升服务,或用于终身任职或重新申请。维护科学参考文献列表可能是一项耗时且乏味的活动。为了帮助完成这个过程,我们创建了一个名为References的Web应用程序,它使编辑和格式化引用的过程部分自动化,并且节省了时间。在本文中,我们介绍了该应用程序的体系结构、功能和支持从结构化和非结构化数据导入引用的新添加特性。
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引用次数: 1
VORTEX ENTERPRISE: DECENTRALIZED VIRTUAL REALITY BLOCKCHAIN-BASED PLATFORM 漩涡企业:基于区块链的去中心化虚拟现实平台
Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.22190/FUACR1901057J
A. Jovanović, Aleksandar Milosavljević
Virtual Reality (VR) has been used in industries since the 1960s. However, the recent development of hardware and software has made it possible for VR technologies to become widely adopted by the mass market with the highest level of immersion and affordable price. However, building platforms for VR technologies will require many active users and their engagement in project development. Those activities will include platform activities, content creation, social media marketing, processing power, and storage. For that purpose, we introduce VoRtex enterprise high-level software architecture and decentralized blockchain solution. Introduced VoRtex enterprise high-level software architecture will be used to develop blockchain-based virtual world (VW) platform with VR support. The goal of the VW platform is to support the development of education, certification and massive open online courses (MOOC). A blockchain component inside the VW platform will be used for engaging users in project development through collaboration and content sharing. Active users that promote platform content will get rewards for contributions using cryptocurrency. Also, we will showcase this feature on the VoRtex platform prototype where the user earns cryptocurrencies for activity inside the VW. In the end, we will evaluate the proposed solution
自20世纪60年代以来,虚拟现实(VR)已经在工业中得到应用。然而,最近硬件和软件的发展使得VR技术以最高的沉浸感和可承受的价格被大众市场广泛采用。然而,为VR技术构建平台将需要许多活跃用户以及他们在项目开发中的参与。这些活动将包括平台活动、内容创建、社交媒体营销、处理能力和存储。为此,我们引入涡旋企业高层软件架构和去中心化区块链解决方案。引入VoRtex企业高层软件架构,用于开发支持VR的区块链虚拟世界(VW)平台。大众平台的目标是支持教育、认证和大规模在线开放课程(MOOC)的发展。大众平台内部的区块链组件将用于通过协作和内容共享让用户参与项目开发。推广平台内容的活跃用户将获得使用加密货币的贡献奖励。此外,我们将在VoRtex平台原型上展示这一功能,用户可以通过在大众内部的活动获得加密货币。最后,我们将对提出的解决方案进行评估
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引用次数: 4
AN APPROACH FOR COMMUNICATION RELAIBILITY USING SELF-ADAPTIVE AUTONOMIC COMPUTING TECHNIQUES 一种基于自适应自主计算技术的通信可靠性方法
Pub Date : 2019-09-24 DOI: 10.22190/FUACR1901041S
A. Stanimirovic, Milos Bogdanovic, Nikola Davidovic, A. Dimov, Krasimir Baylov, L. Stoimenov
Interdependency of electric power grids and information and communication technology is a rapidly growing topic. With the introduction of Smart Grid, handling dynamic load tracking, dynamic tariffs, clients that can consume but also produce electricity that can be delivered to the grid has become a part of everyday operational cycles within power supply companies. Hence, electricity distribution and power supply companies are in need for introduction of efficient mechanisms for the optimal tracking and use of available electric energy. In this paper, we describe the low voltage (LV) distribution network monitoring system developed for the Electric Power Industry of Serbia (EPS) electricity distribution company. The system we present is implemented in a way so that it provides abilities to measures, communicates and stores real-time data, translating it into actionable information needed by EPS to meet the described challenges regarding LV distribution networks. The implemented system is using self-adaptive autonomic computing techniques to provide a reliable data transfer from measurement devices deployed in different parts of the LV distribution network.
电网与信息通信技术的相互依存是一个迅速发展的话题。随着智能电网的引入,处理动态负荷跟踪、动态电价、既可以消费又可以生产可输送到电网的电力的客户已成为供电公司日常运营周期的一部分。因此,配电和供电公司需要引进有效的机制,以最佳地跟踪和利用现有的电能。本文介绍了为塞尔维亚电力工业(EPS)配电公司开发的低压配电网监控系统。我们提出的系统的实现方式使其能够测量、通信和存储实时数据,并将其转换为EPS所需的可操作信息,以满足所描述的低压配电网络的挑战。实现的系统使用自适应自主计算技术,从部署在低压配电网不同部分的测量设备中提供可靠的数据传输。
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引用次数: 0
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Facta universitatis. Series, Mechanics, automatic control and robotics
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