Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-11-8-17
K. Suleymanov, I. Pogorelova
The energy potential of aerated concrete mixtures is a characteristic that reflects the ability of materials to release thermal energy during their processing or reaction. This potential depends on the composition of the mixture and other factors such as the heat capacity of the components and the hydration process. In the context of aerated concrete materials, which are widely used in construction, energy potential plays an important role in their production and application, influencing the thermal performance of the material and the ability to store or release heat depending on environmental conditions and processes. In this work, the authors conducted a study of the influence of the composition of the mixture on its energy efficiency. The study presents an analysis of production technologies and recipes used at various enterprises. Particular attention is paid to assessing the nominal compositions of aerated concrete mixtures for materials of different densities, taking into account the main components of aerated concrete mixtures that affect the energy potential. The heat capacity of aerated concrete mixtures is also analyzed taking into account the mass content of the components. Studying the energy potential of aerated concrete mixtures makes it possible to more effectively manage production processes, optimize energy consumption and use the material in various conditions, taking into account its thermal properties.
{"title":"ENERGY POTENTIAL OF AERED CONCRETE MIXTURES","authors":"K. Suleymanov, I. Pogorelova","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-11-8-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-11-8-17","url":null,"abstract":"The energy potential of aerated concrete mixtures is a characteristic that reflects the ability of materials to release thermal energy during their processing or reaction. This potential depends on the composition of the mixture and other factors such as the heat capacity of the components and the hydration process. In the context of aerated concrete materials, which are widely used in construction, energy potential plays an important role in their production and application, influencing the thermal performance of the material and the ability to store or release heat depending on environmental conditions and processes. In this work, the authors conducted a study of the influence of the composition of the mixture on its energy efficiency. The study presents an analysis of production technologies and recipes used at various enterprises. Particular attention is paid to assessing the nominal compositions of aerated concrete mixtures for materials of different densities, taking into account the main components of aerated concrete mixtures that affect the energy potential. The heat capacity of aerated concrete mixtures is also analyzed taking into account the mass content of the components. Studying the energy potential of aerated concrete mixtures makes it possible to more effectively manage production processes, optimize energy consumption and use the material in various conditions, taking into account its thermal properties.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139337889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-11-37-45
V. Zin'kova, A. Yuriev
Building art consists in the unity of the function of the structure and its form, embodied in the material. The bearing capacity of the material depends entirely on the chosen form. This is expressed in the rational correlation of load and support. At the level of determining the topology of a structure, the process of “enveloping” a force field in natural systems by matter is considered as an analogy. This phenomenon correlates with the technical support of the oblique bend, which is typical, in particular, for the run of the roof of the structure. A channel that is rational under conditions of direct bending loses its effectiveness with oblique bending. The best performance is found in the Z-profile with a vertical wall. The orientation of its shelves corresponds to the principle of material saturation of the areas adjacent to the external force field. But even this profile does not fully satisfy the most effective resistance to oblique bending. The introduction of an inclined wall makes it possible to bring the material of the shelves closer to the external force field. A comparison of the functioning of the mentioned profiles is given on numerical examples, united by the designated cross-sectional area. For a Z-profile with an inclined wall, formulas for geometric characteristics are derived. The angle of inclination of the wall is determined from the condition of transforming an oblique bend into a straight bend, that is, the coincidence of the trace of the force plane with the main axis of the beam section. In the framework of the above studies, we can talk about a decrease in stress by about 80%. It is also oblique bending at nonlinear physical law considererd.
建筑艺术在于将结构的功能和材料所体现的形式统一起来。材料的承载能力完全取决于所选择的形式。这体现在荷载和支撑的合理关联上。在确定结构的拓扑结构方面，可以将自然系统中物质 "包裹 "力场的过程作为类比。这种现象与斜弯的技术支撑相关，特别是对结构屋顶的运行而言，斜弯是一种典型的技术支撑。在直接弯曲条件下合理的通道，在斜向弯曲时会失去其有效性。具有垂直墙壁的 Z 型槽钢具有最佳性能。其搁板的方向符合外力场附近区域材料饱和的原则。但即使是这种型材也不能完全满足最有效的抗斜弯曲性能。采用斜墙可以使搁板材料更接近外力场。通过指定横截面积的数字示例对上述型材的功能进行了比较。对于带倾斜壁的 Z 型材，得出了几何特性公式。墙的倾斜角是根据将斜弯变为直弯的条件确定的，即受力面的轨迹与梁截面的主轴重合。在上述研究框架内，我们可以认为应力降低了约 80%。这也是在考虑非线性物理规律时的斜弯曲。
{"title":"NON LINEAR PROBLEMS OF OBLIQUE BENDING","authors":"V. Zin'kova, A. Yuriev","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-11-37-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-11-37-45","url":null,"abstract":"Building art consists in the unity of the function of the structure and its form, embodied in the material. The bearing capacity of the material depends entirely on the chosen form. This is expressed in the rational correlation of load and support. At the level of determining the topology of a structure, the process of “enveloping” a force field in natural systems by matter is considered as an analogy. This phenomenon correlates with the technical support of the oblique bend, which is typical, in particular, for the run of the roof of the structure. A channel that is rational under conditions of direct bending loses its effectiveness with oblique bending. The best performance is found in the Z-profile with a vertical wall. The orientation of its shelves corresponds to the principle of material saturation of the areas adjacent to the external force field. But even this profile does not fully satisfy the most effective resistance to oblique bending. The introduction of an inclined wall makes it possible to bring the material of the shelves closer to the external force field. A comparison of the functioning of the mentioned profiles is given on numerical examples, united by the designated cross-sectional area. For a Z-profile with an inclined wall, formulas for geometric characteristics are derived. The angle of inclination of the wall is determined from the condition of transforming an oblique bend into a straight bend, that is, the coincidence of the trace of the force plane with the main axis of the beam section. In the framework of the above studies, we can talk about a decrease in stress by about 80%. It is also oblique bending at nonlinear physical law considererd.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139338061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-8-15
N. Tolypina, E. Hahaleva, D. Danilov, D. Chashin
In concretes of ordinary grades with a cement consumption of 180–250 kg/m3, the reduction in the water demand of the concrete mixture, even with the maximum consumption of superplasticizers, does not exceed 10 %. In this regard, the influence of micro-fillers with various electrosurface properties on the effectiveness of the superplasticizer and the strength of low-cement concrete is investigated. It is shown that in the concrete mixture of the control composition, achieving a normal consistency (PK = 106–115 mm) is possible only due to high water consumption, the water-reducing efficiency of the joint venture was only 4,5 %. It was found that with the addition of fine quartz from 20 to 70 %, the consumption of the powder part increased from 230 to 452 kg/m3, while there was a decrease in W / C from 0,68 to 0,51 (33 %), as well as an increase in strength by 40,5 % (R7comp) and 30,6 % (R28 comp). With an increase in the dosage of limestone microfillers from 20 to 70 % W / C decreased from 0,66 to 0,5 (32 %), the strength increased by 145 % (R7 comp) and 74% (R28 comp). Thus, the use of fine-dispersed fillers in low-cement concretes makes it possible to achieve a significant reduction in W/C by 23,6–43,8 % in equally mobile mixtures (GOST 310.4), depending on the dosage of the powder filler (20–70 %), while the type of filler does not have a noticeable effect on the water-reducing ability of the superplasticizer, but plays a significant role in the processes of structure formation of cement concrete matrices, due to the influence of their electrosurface properties on the adhesion between filler particles and cement stone. In low-cement concretes, with the growth of fine fillers from 20 to 70 %, the strength of concrete increases.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF MICRO-FILLERS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPERPLASTICIZERS AND THE STRENGTH OF LOW-CEMENT CONCRETES","authors":"N. Tolypina, E. Hahaleva, D. Danilov, D. Chashin","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-8-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-8-15","url":null,"abstract":"In concretes of ordinary grades with a cement consumption of 180–250 kg/m3, the reduction in the water demand of the concrete mixture, even with the maximum consumption of superplasticizers, does not exceed 10 %. In this regard, the influence of micro-fillers with various electrosurface properties on the effectiveness of the superplasticizer and the strength of low-cement concrete is investigated. \u0000It is shown that in the concrete mixture of the control composition, achieving a normal consistency (PK = 106–115 mm) is possible only due to high water consumption, the water-reducing efficiency of the joint venture was only 4,5 %. It was found that with the addition of fine quartz from 20 to 70 %, the consumption of the powder part increased from 230 to 452 kg/m3, while there was a decrease in W / C from 0,68 to 0,51 (33 %), as well as an increase in strength by 40,5 % (R7comp) and 30,6 % (R28 comp). With an increase in the dosage of limestone microfillers from 20 to 70 % W / C decreased from 0,66 to 0,5 (32 %), the strength increased by 145 % (R7 comp) and 74% (R28 comp). Thus, the use of fine-dispersed fillers in low-cement concretes makes it possible to achieve a significant reduction in W/C by 23,6–43,8 % in equally mobile mixtures (GOST 310.4), depending on the dosage of the powder filler (20–70 %), while the type of filler does not have a noticeable effect on the water-reducing ability of the superplasticizer, but plays a significant role in the processes of structure formation of cement concrete matrices, due to the influence of their electrosurface properties on the adhesion between filler particles and cement stone. In low-cement concretes, with the growth of fine fillers from 20 to 70 %, the strength of concrete increases.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88879030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-86-97
A. Smirnova, M. Perkova, A. Borovskoy
Today, the suburbs are growing and urbanizing, the level of motorization of the population is increasing, which entails an increase in traffic intensity and load on the city's road network. The organization of an intermodal transport system contributes to an increase in the level of comfort of the urban environment, reliability and safety in the integrated use of suburban and surface urban transport. The optimally chosen place for the formation of the transfer hub will improve the standard of living of the population of a large city and its suburbs. In this paper, intermodal transport hubs are considered. Depending on the category of transport hub, commuter rail and route transport, land-based urban passenger and individual transport, as well as passenger services with social infrastructure facilities located in the immediate vicinity of the transport hub interact. The analysis of normative, domestic and foreign scientific and technical literature on the features of the formation and functioning of TPU was carried out. The possibility of an integrated approach in organizing activities for the formation and development of transport hubs within the framework of the existing urban development has been studied. Methods for the design of transport interchange nodes and their models are considered. The existing TPU models are adapted to the context and resource potential of the territories of Belgorod with the highest intensity of labor and social migration of the population.It is proposed to form four transport hubs: 1) category 2 from the south direction (Dubovoe village) at the intersection of Shchorsa streets - Vatutina avenue; 2) TPU of the 1st category based on the railway and bus stop "Salyut Market"; 3) TPU of the 2nd category from the northern direction (Severny village) along the Belgorod bypass road; 4) TPU of the 1st category on the street. Vokzalnaya (station square).
{"title":"FORMATION OF MODELS OF TRANSPORT AND INTERCHANGE HUBS IN THE SYSTEM OF URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORT ON THE TERRITORY OF BELGOROD","authors":"A. Smirnova, M. Perkova, A. Borovskoy","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-86-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-86-97","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the suburbs are growing and urbanizing, the level of motorization of the population is increasing, which entails an increase in traffic intensity and load on the city's road network. The organization of an intermodal transport system contributes to an increase in the level of comfort of the urban environment, reliability and safety in the integrated use of suburban and surface urban transport. The optimally chosen place for the formation of the transfer hub will improve the standard of living of the population of a large city and its suburbs. In this paper, intermodal transport hubs are considered. Depending on the category of transport hub, commuter rail and route transport, land-based urban passenger and individual transport, as well as passenger services with social infrastructure facilities located in the immediate vicinity of the transport hub interact. The analysis of normative, domestic and foreign scientific and technical literature on the features of the formation and functioning of TPU was carried out. The possibility of an integrated approach in organizing activities for the formation and development of transport hubs within the framework of the existing urban development has been studied. Methods for the design of transport interchange nodes and their models are considered. The existing TPU models are adapted to the context and resource potential of the territories of Belgorod with the highest intensity of labor and social migration of the population.It is proposed to form four transport hubs: 1) category 2 from the south direction (Dubovoe village) at the intersection of Shchorsa streets - Vatutina avenue; 2) TPU of the 1st category based on the railway and bus stop \"Salyut Market\"; 3) TPU of the 2nd category from the northern direction (Severny village) along the Belgorod bypass road; 4) TPU of the 1st category on the street. Vokzalnaya (station square).","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90170415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-31-40
A. Shevchenko, N. Baglaev, E. Zelenev, V. Kurbatov
The purpose of this work is to numerically implement the determination of residual deflections of reinforced concrete elements based on a nonlinear deformation model. To solve the equations in a physically nonlinear formulation, the iteration method is used in combination with Microsoft Excel and VBA. Most of the existing engineering methods for the verification calculation and reinforcement of bent elements are based on approaches based on the determination of integral stiffness characteristics of the section by simplified methods. This problem acquires new relevance when using the current norms, when it is necessary to take into account the features of nonlinear deformation of materials, loading mode, and the background of the structure. The article considers the application of a nonlinear deformation model in the calculation of residual deflections. To solve this problem, the bent element is divided into separate sections, on each of which stiffness is calculated based on a nonlinear deformation model. When solving systems of equilibrium equations of a nonlinear deformation model, the iteration method is used. In areas with cracks, the stresses in the reinforcement are adjusted by a coefficient that takes into account the unevenness of their distribution in the section with the crack and between them. After determining the stiffness coefficients in each section, the displacement is determined by integrating the values in the sections of unit moments and the calculated curvature by the numerical method of trapezoids. A load-deflection graph is constructed and approximated by a square polynomial with the derivation of an analytical dependence to determine the residual deflections as well as the stress-strain state of the bent elements as a whole. The analysis and comparison of the results with the normative methodology is given. Numerical example of calculation of good convergence with the normative methodology
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF RESIDUAL DEFLECTIONS OF BENT REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS BASED ON A NONLINEAR DEFORMATION MODEL","authors":"A. Shevchenko, N. Baglaev, E. Zelenev, V. Kurbatov","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-31-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-31-40","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to numerically implement the determination of residual deflections of reinforced concrete elements based on a nonlinear deformation model. To solve the equations in a physically nonlinear formulation, the iteration method is used in combination with Microsoft Excel and VBA. Most of the existing engineering methods for the verification calculation and reinforcement of bent elements are based on approaches based on the determination of integral stiffness characteristics of the section by simplified methods. This problem acquires new relevance when using the current norms, when it is necessary to take into account the features of nonlinear deformation of materials, loading mode, and the background of the structure. The article considers the application of a nonlinear deformation model in the calculation of residual deflections. To solve this problem, the bent element is divided into separate sections, on each of which stiffness is calculated based on a nonlinear deformation model. When solving systems of equilibrium equations of a nonlinear deformation model, the iteration method is used. In areas with cracks, the stresses in the reinforcement are adjusted by a coefficient that takes into account the unevenness of their distribution in the section with the crack and between them. After determining the stiffness coefficients in each section, the displacement is determined by integrating the values in the sections of unit moments and the calculated curvature by the numerical method of trapezoids. A load-deflection graph is constructed and approximated by a square polynomial with the derivation of an analytical dependence to determine the residual deflections as well as the stress-strain state of the bent elements as a whole. The analysis and comparison of the results with the normative methodology is given. Numerical example of calculation of good convergence with the normative methodology","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88015729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-98-109
A. Dolzhenko
The article examines the role of temporary shelters in recovery programs for emergency zones of the Russian Federation. The frequency of natural disasters and emergencies is analyzed, as well as a number of problems associated with the need to resettle the affected population in the existing housing stock of settlements located in territories adjacent to the emergency zone or resettlement of the affected to other regions. The features of the use of temporary accommodation centers, both stationary and mobile, the possible duration of their use are considered, the provision of the regions of the Russian Federation with them is analyzed. A review of existing research works and developed solutions for mobile housing for temporary stay is carried out on the example of domestic and foreign works. The relevance of further research in the issue of determining common problems, patterns and technical solutions in the formation of temporary dwellings for emergency zones of the Russian Federation in the context of further development of principles is substantiated. Goals, boundaries, novelty, tasks of further research are highlighted. For the first time, the question of the possibility of using transforming mobile buildings from rigid elements as temporary housing for emergency zones in the Russian Federation is raised as part of a general study on the formation of principles.
{"title":"PREREQUISITES FOR FORMING THE ARCHITECTURE OF TEMPORARY HOUSINGS FOR ZONES OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION","authors":"A. Dolzhenko","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-98-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-98-109","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the role of temporary shelters in recovery programs for emergency zones of the Russian Federation. The frequency of natural disasters and emergencies is analyzed, as well as a number of problems associated with the need to resettle the affected population in the existing housing stock of settlements located in territories adjacent to the emergency zone or resettlement of the affected to other regions. \u0000The features of the use of temporary accommodation centers, both stationary and mobile, the possible duration of their use are considered, the provision of the regions of the Russian Federation with them is analyzed. A review of existing research works and developed solutions for mobile housing for temporary stay is carried out on the example of domestic and foreign works. \u0000The relevance of further research in the issue of determining common problems, patterns and technical solutions in the formation of temporary dwellings for emergency zones of the Russian Federation in the context of further development of principles is substantiated. Goals, boundaries, novelty, tasks of further research are highlighted. For the first time, the question of the possibility of using transforming mobile buildings from rigid elements as temporary housing for emergency zones in the Russian Federation is raised as part of a general study on the formation of principles.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77370331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-16-30
S. Shipulin, Z. Belyaeva, L. Mironova
In the current standards for the design of reinforced concrete structures no methods for calculating inclined sections with a biaxial action of shear forces are presented. At the same time, a significant part of reinforced concrete structures is subjected to the action of shear forces in two planes. The relevance of the article is determined by the lack of standard methods for calculating of reinforced concrete elements inclined sections for the biaxial action of shear, which forces designers to use simplifications in calculations. The article reviews the Russian and foreign literature on the theory of design of reinforced concrete elements for the action of transverse forces and analyzes the design methods proposed in the current Russian and foreign design standards, as well as in the standards of past years. In the analysis of methods for calculating reinforced concrete elements for the action of transverse forces, consideration is given in various methods for calculating the factors that affect the strength of inclined sections on the action of transverse forces in normal and biaxial bending in two planes, such as the shear span, the angle of inclination of the force plane, the amount of longitudinal tensile reinforcement, the influence of longitudinal forces, size-effect. The main directions for further research of the issue are identified and recommendations are given that summarize domestic and foreign experience.
{"title":"DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS INCLINED SECTIONS SUBJECTED TO BIAXIAL ACTION OF SHEAR FORCES","authors":"S. Shipulin, Z. Belyaeva, L. Mironova","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-16-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-16-30","url":null,"abstract":"In the current standards for the design of reinforced concrete structures no methods for calculating inclined sections with a biaxial action of shear forces are presented. At the same time, a significant part of reinforced concrete structures is subjected to the action of shear forces in two planes. The relevance of the article is determined by the lack of standard methods for calculating of reinforced concrete elements inclined sections for the biaxial action of shear, which forces designers to use simplifications in calculations. The article reviews the Russian and foreign literature on the theory of design of reinforced concrete elements for the action of transverse forces and analyzes the design methods proposed in the current Russian and foreign design standards, as well as in the standards of past years. In the analysis of methods for calculating reinforced concrete elements for the action of transverse forces, consideration is given in various methods for calculating the factors that affect the strength of inclined sections on the action of transverse forces in normal and biaxial bending in two planes, such as the shear span, the angle of inclination of the force plane, the amount of longitudinal tensile reinforcement, the influence of longitudinal forces, size-effect. \u0000The main directions for further research of the issue are identified and recommendations are given that summarize domestic and foreign experience.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87590840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-41-49
O. Fedorov, D. Lyavdanskiy
The article deals with urban planning aspects of the installation of wind power plants on the territory of the St. Petersburg agglomeration in the waters of the Gulf of Finland. The main method of research is the analysis of various data: the legislative framework, natural and climatic conditions, scientific research, established routes of large vessels and visual and spatial characteristics. The collected information is plotted on a summary map-scheme that allows you to identify and evaluate the areas of the Gulf of Finland suitable for the installation of wind farms. As a result of the study, the presence of four zones suitable for the installation of wind power plants in the bay was established. These zones are located on both sides of the complex of flood defenses of St. Petersburg, as well as along the northern shore of the bay between the village of Lisiy Nos and the public and business complex "Lakhta Center". Each of the identified zones has a different set of climatic, compositional and spatial characteristics that provide flexibility in decision-making and the ability to create a unique architectural ensemble. Recommendations are also given on the choice of a methodology for assessing the degree of influence of planned objects on the established tourist panoramas and views of the city in cases when the territory under consideration for development is outside the legally protected zones.
{"title":"URBAN PLANNING FEATURES OF THE PLACEMENT OF WIND FARMS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE ST. PETERSBURG AGGLOMERATION IN THE WATERS OF THE GULF OF FINLAND","authors":"O. Fedorov, D. Lyavdanskiy","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-41-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-41-49","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with urban planning aspects of the installation of wind power plants on the territory of the St. Petersburg agglomeration in the waters of the Gulf of Finland. \u0000The main method of research is the analysis of various data: the legislative framework, natural and climatic conditions, scientific research, established routes of large vessels and visual and spatial characteristics. The collected information is plotted on a summary map-scheme that allows you to identify and evaluate the areas of the Gulf of Finland suitable for the installation of wind farms. \u0000As a result of the study, the presence of four zones suitable for the installation of wind power plants in the bay was established. These zones are located on both sides of the complex of flood defenses of St. Petersburg, as well as along the northern shore of the bay between the village of Lisiy Nos and the public and business complex \"Lakhta Center\". Each of the identified zones has a different set of climatic, compositional and spatial characteristics that provide flexibility in decision-making and the ability to create a unique architectural ensemble. Recommendations are also given on the choice of a methodology for assessing the degree of influence of planned objects on the established tourist panoramas and views of the city in cases when the territory under consideration for development is outside the legally protected zones.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91173525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-110-122
O. Shcherbinina, I. Scherbinin, V. Uvarov, E. Popov
In this article, the main recommendations aimed at the optimal choice of body sizes and impact elements of the grinding and mixing rotary pulsation complex, taking into account the power consumption, were analyzed and given. These recommendations were aimed at solving design problems related to determining the dependencies of the size of the housing with its main technological parameters, with the possibility of using data in the design of these complexes. Calculations of a number of basic standard sizes of the complex have been made taking into account the ratios of the diameter and width of the complex, the dimensions of the working elements, their body area, the number of slots based on the following input values, productivity, power consumption and a parameter characterizing the efficiency of the complex – alternating pressure in the channels of the rotor and stator. In the work, the power criteria calculated for the turbulent regime were determined. Graphical dependences of the total power costs of the complex on the rotational speed of the stator and rotor elements for a number of basic sizes of the complex are obtained. The housing of the complex was designed taking into account the accepted standard sizes. Taking into account the obtained values of the total power costs for each gap of the complex, the maximum radius of the rotor was determined. Taking into account the conditions of structural strength of the cylinder wall thickness of the complex, calculations were made for the diameters of the stator and rotor for a number of standard sizes of the complex. Based on these calculations, we selected the number of slots on the rotor and stator, their width and height
{"title":"RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE SELECTION OF STANDARD SIZES OF THE BODY AND IMPACT ELEMENTS OF THE GRINDING AND MIXING ROTARY PULSATION COMPLEX","authors":"O. Shcherbinina, I. Scherbinin, V. Uvarov, E. Popov","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-110-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-110-122","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the main recommendations aimed at the optimal choice of body sizes and impact elements of the grinding and mixing rotary pulsation complex, taking into account the power consumption, were analyzed and given. These recommendations were aimed at solving design problems related to determining the dependencies of the size of the housing with its main technological parameters, with the possibility of using data in the design of these complexes. Calculations of a number of basic standard sizes of the complex have been made taking into account the ratios of the diameter and width of the complex, the dimensions of the working elements, their body area, the number of slots based on the following input values, productivity, power consumption and a parameter characterizing the efficiency of the complex – alternating pressure in the channels of the rotor and stator. \u0000In the work, the power criteria calculated for the turbulent regime were determined. Graphical dependences of the total power costs of the complex on the rotational speed of the stator and rotor elements for a number of basic sizes of the complex are obtained. The housing of the complex was designed taking into account the accepted standard sizes. Taking into account the obtained values of the total power costs for each gap of the complex, the maximum radius of the rotor was determined. Taking into account the conditions of structural strength of the cylinder wall thickness of the complex, calculations were made for the diameters of the stator and rotor for a number of standard sizes of the complex. Based on these calculations, we selected the number of slots on the rotor and stator, their width and height","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90830043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-26DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-72-85
Y. Petrusenko
This paper examines the historical emergence of the oldest markets: the Nakhichevan Covered Market on the Market Square (1914) and the Covered Market on the Old Bazaar (1893), reveals their architectural, artistic and design features. Reconstruction, restoration and preservation of objects in modern urban conditions are investigated, new factual data are obtained. The purpose of the study is to review and compare the covered markets of Rostov-on-Don and Nakhichevan-on-Don. Each object was analyzed from the point of view of its location in the structure of the urban fabric, functional and planning solutions, design features, as well as architectural and artistic features, historical and cultural value preserved to the present day. As a result of the conducted research, it was revealed that both objects have similar historically established locations and market formations in the emerging urban structure, similar functional planning and design solutions. Architectural solutions have similar compositional features of building facades and volumetric solutions, but there are characteristic architectural and artistic features for each pavilion. In modern conditions, the objects have been preserved in good condition, but have lost their original appearance of the «brick style». Both buildings were originally made by the method of open masonry of red brick without the use of plaster and paint. As a result of comparative analysis, it was revealed that the Indoor Market in the Old Bazaar (1893) served as an analogue for the Nakhichevan indoor market on the Market Square.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OLDEST INDOOR MARKETS IN ROSTOV-ON-DON","authors":"Y. Petrusenko","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-72-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-8-72-85","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the historical emergence of the oldest markets: the Nakhichevan Covered Market on the Market Square (1914) and the Covered Market on the Old Bazaar (1893), reveals their architectural, artistic and design features. Reconstruction, restoration and preservation of objects in modern urban conditions are investigated, new factual data are obtained. The purpose of the study is to review and compare the covered markets of Rostov-on-Don and Nakhichevan-on-Don. Each object was analyzed from the point of view of its location in the structure of the urban fabric, functional and planning solutions, design features, as well as architectural and artistic features, historical and cultural value preserved to the present day. As a result of the conducted research, it was revealed that both objects have similar historically established locations and market formations in the emerging urban structure, similar functional planning and design solutions. Architectural solutions have similar compositional features of building facades and volumetric solutions, but there are characteristic architectural and artistic features for each pavilion. In modern conditions, the objects have been preserved in good condition, but have lost their original appearance of the «brick style». Both buildings were originally made by the method of open masonry of red brick without the use of plaster and paint. As a result of comparative analysis, it was revealed that the Indoor Market in the Old Bazaar (1893) served as an analogue for the Nakhichevan indoor market on the Market Square.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78896205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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