Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-106-114
A. Savichev, R. Sharapov, A. Agarkov
The article discusses the main ways to save material, labor and financial resources in the production of asphalt concrete mixtures. It has been shown that a promising way to save energy and reduce harmful effects on the environment is to reduce the temperature of the bitumen. A foam generator design has been proposed that allows efficient mixing of bitumen with the generated steam. To describe rheology, the article uses the Ostwald-de Waele power-law fluid model. An expression for the current function is obtained, which allows to find the characteristics of the flow of the carrier phase in the mixer, taking into account the geometric parameters of the mixer, such as the diameter and length of the pipe, the radius of the screw, and the flow parameters at the inlet to the mixer. It is shown that under the same flow conditions, in order to obtain the same flow rate in the case of a pseudoplastic fluid, it is necessary to apply a greater pressure gradient compared to a Newtonian fluid. Experimental studies are carried out on the developed laboratory installation, which make it possible to determine the rational design and technical parameters of the foamed bitumen installation, the parameters of which are changed during the experiment. A regression equation is obtained in coded form, expressing the dependence of the quality of adhesion of foamed bitumen to inert material depending on the design and technological parameters of the developed bitumen foaming device
{"title":"STUDY OF THE FOAMING PROCESS OF BITUMEN IN THE MIXER","authors":"A. Savichev, R. Sharapov, A. Agarkov","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-106-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-106-114","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the main ways to save material, labor and financial resources in the production of asphalt concrete mixtures. It has been shown that a promising way to save energy and reduce harmful effects on the environment is to reduce the temperature of the bitumen. A foam generator design has been proposed that allows efficient mixing of bitumen with the generated steam. To describe rheology, the article uses the Ostwald-de Waele power-law fluid model. An expression for the current function is obtained, which allows to find the characteristics of the flow of the carrier phase in the mixer, taking into account the geometric parameters of the mixer, such as the diameter and length of the pipe, the radius of the screw, and the flow parameters at the inlet to the mixer. It is shown that under the same flow conditions, in order to obtain the same flow rate in the case of a pseudoplastic fluid, it is necessary to apply a greater pressure gradient compared to a Newtonian fluid. Experimental studies are carried out on the developed laboratory installation, which make it possible to determine the rational design and technical parameters of the foamed bitumen installation, the parameters of which are changed during the experiment. A regression equation is obtained in coded form, expressing the dependence of the quality of adhesion of foamed bitumen to inert material depending on the design and technological parameters of the developed bitumen foaming device","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-54-66
A. S. M. Alseh
The Republic of Yemen is characterized by a unique architecture and a variety of building types, where public buildings are of great importance for the economic and cultural development of society. Recent political events and economic changes observed in the Middle East region in general and in the Republic of Yemen in particular have had an impact on social infrastructure and its role in society: there is a need to restore destroyed and build new public buildings of modern types, taking into account local culture and traditions. Since Yemeni society is characterized by its diversity, customs and traditions that have been formed over thousands of years, further development of the typology of public buildings in the country is necessary on a scientific basis in order to ensure continuity on the one hand, and compliance with international quality standards on the other. The article presents the results of the analysis of the experience of designing and building modern public centers in the Middle East, Africa and Asia. Current architectural trends are identifies and, based on this, further directions for the development of the typology of public buildings in the Republic of Yemen are outlined. It is expected that this article will contribute to providing a scientific basis for the sustainable development of community centers in the Republic of Yemen
{"title":"PROSPECT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC CENTERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF YEMEN. ANALYSYS OF WORLD EXPERIENCE","authors":"A. S. M. Alseh","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-54-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-54-66","url":null,"abstract":"The Republic of Yemen is characterized by a unique architecture and a variety of building types, where public buildings are of great importance for the economic and cultural development of society. Recent political events and economic changes observed in the Middle East region in general and in the Republic of Yemen in particular have had an impact on social infrastructure and its role in society: there is a need to restore destroyed and build new public buildings of modern types, taking into account local culture and traditions. Since Yemeni society is characterized by its diversity, customs and traditions that have been formed over thousands of years, further development of the typology of public buildings in the country is necessary on a scientific basis in order to ensure continuity on the one hand, and compliance with international quality standards on the other. The article presents the results of the analysis of the experience of designing and building modern public centers in the Middle East, Africa and Asia. Current architectural trends are identifies and, based on this, further directions for the development of the typology of public buildings in the Republic of Yemen are outlined. It is expected that this article will contribute to providing a scientific basis for the sustainable development of community centers in the Republic of Yemen","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-83-96
V. Onischuk, Y. Lazarova, D. Prokhorenkov, E. Fanina, V. Linets
Achieving technological sovereignty in the field of production of composite materials today requires a rapid increase in production volumes of special-purpose glass fibers. At the same time, scientific solutions in this area must be effective, both from a technological and economic point of view. The article presents research results that form an idea of the possibility of using technogenic waste from thermal power plants in the industrial production of electrical insulating and high-modulus glass fibers. Since the technological efficiency of fiber formation is largely determined by the tendency of melts to crystallize, most of the research was aimed at studying the crystallization process, determining the temperature range of crystallization and identifying the nature of crystallization products. It has been established that in the temperature range of 1100-1200°C the crystallization products are represented by diopside and anorthite, which, with increasing temperature, undergo amorphization and subsequent dissolution in the glass phase. In glass S, the products of crystallization in the temperature range 1200-1300°C are represented by minerals of the continuous isomorphic series albite-anorthite and an insignificant content of ferruginous minerals - magnetite, hematite or goethite. The data obtained will make it possible to develop rational parameters for the process of forming glass fibers or methods for suppressing such an undesirable phenomenon for technology as crystallization in the molding range.
如今，要在复合材料生产领域实现技术主权，就必须迅速提高特种玻璃纤维的产量。同时，从技术和经济角度来看，该领域的科学解决方案必须是有效的。文章介绍了一些研究成果，这些成果形成了一种思路，即在电气绝缘和高模量玻璃纤维的工业生产中使用火力发电厂的技术废物的可能性。由于纤维形成的技术效率在很大程度上取决于熔体的结晶趋势，因此大部分研究旨在研究结晶过程、确定结晶的温度范围以及确定结晶产物的性质。现已确定，在 1100-1200°C 的温度范围内，结晶产物以透辉石和正长石为代表，随着温度的升高，它们会发生非晶化，随后溶解在玻璃相中。在玻璃 S 中，1200-1300°C 温度范围内的结晶产物为连续同构系列白云石-正长岩矿物，以及少量铁闪石矿物--磁铁矿、赤铁矿或鹅铁矿。根据所获得的数据，可以为玻璃纤维的成型工艺制定合理的参数，或制定抑制成型范围内结晶这种不良技术现象的方法。
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF GLASS CRYSTALLIZATION PRODUCTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FIBERGLASS OBTAINED BASED ON MAN-MADE WASTE FROM THERMAL POWER PLANTS","authors":"V. Onischuk, Y. Lazarova, D. Prokhorenkov, E. Fanina, V. Linets","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-83-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-83-96","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving technological sovereignty in the field of production of composite materials today requires a rapid increase in production volumes of special-purpose glass fibers. At the same time, scientific solutions in this area must be effective, both from a technological and economic point of view. The article presents research results that form an idea of the possibility of using technogenic waste from thermal power plants in the industrial production of electrical insulating and high-modulus glass fibers. Since the technological efficiency of fiber formation is largely determined by the tendency of melts to crystallize, most of the research was aimed at studying the crystallization process, determining the temperature range of crystallization and identifying the nature of crystallization products. It has been established that in the temperature range of 1100-1200°C the crystallization products are represented by diopside and anorthite, which, with increasing temperature, undergo amorphization and subsequent dissolution in the glass phase. In glass S, the products of crystallization in the temperature range 1200-1300°C are represented by minerals of the continuous isomorphic series albite-anorthite and an insignificant content of ferruginous minerals - magnetite, hematite or goethite. The data obtained will make it possible to develop rational parameters for the process of forming glass fibers or methods for suppressing such an undesirable phenomenon for technology as crystallization in the molding range.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-97-105
D. Mishin, V. Doroganov, E. Dolgova, Z. Tarallo, E. Evtushenko, E. Lukin
The article provides an overview of modern cements used in dentistry with an emphasis on silicate cements such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The basic requirements for dental cements are given, including their safety, adhesion to tooth tissues, resistance to various influences and thermal properties. The article analyzes in detail the composition and properties of industrial white Portland cement used in construction, in comparison with the characteristics of dental silicate cements. The general issues of the synthesis of high-base calcium silicates used in dentistry are considered from the standpoint of the chemical technology of Portland cement. The mineralogical composition and hydration processes of various cement components, their effect on tooth color and other properties are discussed. The methods of reducing the temperature and increasing the rate of formation of calcium silicates, common in the technology of dental cements and in the production of Portland cement, are indicated. It is assumed that it is possible to accelerate solid-phase synthesis in the range of 1250-1350 °C with a special method of introducing mineralizers proposed at the V.G. Shukhov BSTU for the synthesis of white Portland cement, provided it is adapted for dental formulations.
{"title":"METHODS OF SYNTHESIS OF SILICATE-CONTAINING CLINKER DENTAL CEMENT","authors":"D. Mishin, V. Doroganov, E. Dolgova, Z. Tarallo, E. Evtushenko, E. Lukin","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-97-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-97-105","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of modern cements used in dentistry with an emphasis on silicate cements such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The basic requirements for dental cements are given, including their safety, adhesion to tooth tissues, resistance to various influences and thermal properties. The article analyzes in detail the composition and properties of industrial white Portland cement used in construction, in comparison with the characteristics of dental silicate cements. The general issues of the synthesis of high-base calcium silicates used in dentistry are considered from the standpoint of the chemical technology of Portland cement. The mineralogical composition and hydration processes of various cement components, their effect on tooth color and other properties are discussed. The methods of reducing the temperature and increasing the rate of formation of calcium silicates, common in the technology of dental cements and in the production of Portland cement, are indicated. It is assumed that it is possible to accelerate solid-phase synthesis in the range of 1250-1350 °C with a special method of introducing mineralizers proposed at the V.G. Shukhov BSTU for the synthesis of white Portland cement, provided it is adapted for dental formulations.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-124-137
R. Shamgulov
The article examines the issues of agglomeration of polydisperse technogenic materials with low bulk density, in particular carbon black (CB). Patent-protected technical solutions and technology for processing organic solid technogenic materials obtained by processing MSW by low-temperature thermolysis (T≤500 C) are presented. Distinctive features of the developed technical means are: sealing loading and unloading units without access to air oxygen, geometric profile and configuration of internal working parts, a system for aspiration and condensation of a vapor-gas mixture, etc. A patent-protected design of a drum-screw unit for agglomeration of technical specifications of low-temperature thermolysis technology has been presented. Specification studies have been carried out, obtained by processing organic solid municipal waste using low-temperature thermolysis. A mechano-rheological model of the agglomeration process of the material under study has been developed. Theoretical studies of the mechano-rheological model of stage-by-stage agglomeration of polydisperse materials have been carried out. The fundamental principles of organizing technological processes of granule formation at each stage of material processing and granulate classification have been established. The necessity of using elements (Hooke, Newton, Saint-Venant, etc.) and mechano-rheological models of volumetric-spatial orientation of CB particles and agglomerated granulate constructed on their basis at various stages is substantiated. The combination of elements used in the models of Maxwell, Bingman, Shvedov, etc., at each stage of the agglomeration process is theoretically justified. On the basis of theoretical studies and modeling of stage-by-stage agglomeration processes, special devices have been developed, implemented in the patent-protected design of a combined-action drum-screw unit (DSU CA). Design documentation has been developed and a pilot industrial sample of BVA CD has been manufactured for agglomeration of technogenic polydisperse materials
文章探讨了体积密度低的多分散技术材料，特别是炭黑（CB）的团聚问题。文章介绍了通过低温热解（T≤500 C）处理城市固体废物获得的有机固体技术材料的专利技术解决方案和处理技术。所开发的技术手段的显著特点是：密封的装载和卸载装置，不接触空气中的氧气，内部工作部件的几何外形和配置，蒸汽-气体混合物的吸入和冷凝系统等。受专利保护的滚筒螺杆装置的设计已提交，该装置用于聚集低温热解技术的技术规格。通过使用低温热解技术处理城市有机固体废物，进行了规格研究。建立了所研究材料聚结过程的机械流变学模型。对多分散材料逐级团聚的机械流变学模型进行了理论研究。确定了在材料加工和颗粒分类的每个阶段组织颗粒形成技术过程的基本原则。证实了在不同阶段使用元素（胡克、牛顿、圣维南等）和 CB 颗粒体积空间取向机械流变学模型以及在其基础上构建团聚颗粒的必要性。麦克斯韦、宾曼、什韦多夫等人的模型在造粒过程各阶段所使用的元素组合在理论上是合理的。在对逐级造粒过程进行理论研究和建模的基础上，开发出了特殊装置，并在受专利保护的联合作用鼓螺杆装置（DSU CA）设计中得以实现。已编制了设计文件，并制造了一个 BVA CD 试验性工业样品，用于技术性多分散材料的造粒。
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT, RESEARCH AND PILOT INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CARBON BLACK AGGLOMIRATION TECHNOLOGY","authors":"R. Shamgulov","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-124-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-124-137","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the issues of agglomeration of polydisperse technogenic materials with low bulk density, in particular carbon black (CB). Patent-protected technical solutions and technology for processing organic solid technogenic materials obtained by processing MSW by low-temperature thermolysis (T≤500 C) are presented. Distinctive features of the developed technical means are: sealing loading and unloading units without access to air oxygen, geometric profile and configuration of internal working parts, a system for aspiration and condensation of a vapor-gas mixture, etc. A patent-protected design of a drum-screw unit for agglomeration of technical specifications of low-temperature thermolysis technology has been presented. Specification studies have been carried out, obtained by processing organic solid municipal waste using low-temperature thermolysis. A mechano-rheological model of the agglomeration process of the material under study has been developed. Theoretical studies of the mechano-rheological model of stage-by-stage agglomeration of polydisperse materials have been carried out. The fundamental principles of organizing technological processes of granule formation at each stage of material processing and granulate classification have been established. The necessity of using elements (Hooke, Newton, Saint-Venant, etc.) and mechano-rheological models of volumetric-spatial orientation of CB particles and agglomerated granulate constructed on their basis at various stages is substantiated. The combination of elements used in the models of Maxwell, Bingman, Shvedov, etc., at each stage of the agglomeration process is theoretically justified. On the basis of theoretical studies and modeling of stage-by-stage agglomeration processes, special devices have been developed, implemented in the patent-protected design of a combined-action drum-screw unit (DSU CA). Design documentation has been developed and a pilot industrial sample of BVA CD has been manufactured for agglomeration of technogenic polydisperse materials","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-32-40
L. Suleymanova, A. Obaydi, P. Amelin, T. H. Mohammedali
In this paper, the authors study the stress-strain state of composite jumpers made of aerated concrete blocks with steel reinforcement rods and external composite reinforcement when working in bending. Rod reinforcement of jumpers is carried out by inserting steel reinforcing bars into the body of aerated concrete in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Composite reinforcement is performed with carbon fiber tapes in the stretched edge of the element over the entire width, as well as parts of tapes on the flange sides of the aerated concrete block at the vertical seam or in the center of the element. The test results are assessed by comparing the strength of the normal section and the deformability of aerated concrete bending jumpers, the effectiveness of gluing carbon fiber tapes and aerated concrete, and the optimal use of various types of reinforcement. It has been established that external composite reinforcement at a load of up to 60% of the breaking load reduces the deformability of aerated concrete bending elements due to an increase in flexural rigidity, and at a load of more than 60% due to a change in the design scheme. Jumpers with rod reinforcement have a brittle nature of destruction, while those with external composite reinforcement fail plastically. In general, the load-bearing capacity of composite aerated concrete jumpers reinforced with external composite reinforcement is sufficient to withstand operational loads
{"title":"RESEARCH OF STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF JUMPERS OF AERATED CONCRETE COMPOSITES","authors":"L. Suleymanova, A. Obaydi, P. Amelin, T. H. Mohammedali","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-32-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-32-40","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the authors study the stress-strain state of composite jumpers made of aerated concrete blocks with steel reinforcement rods and external composite reinforcement when working in bending. Rod reinforcement of jumpers is carried out by inserting steel reinforcing bars into the body of aerated concrete in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Composite reinforcement is performed with carbon fiber tapes in the stretched edge of the element over the entire width, as well as parts of tapes on the flange sides of the aerated concrete block at the vertical seam or in the center of the element. The test results are assessed by comparing the strength of the normal section and the deformability of aerated concrete bending jumpers, the effectiveness of gluing carbon fiber tapes and aerated concrete, and the optimal use of various types of reinforcement. It has been established that external composite reinforcement at a load of up to 60% of the breaking load reduces the deformability of aerated concrete bending elements due to an increase in flexural rigidity, and at a load of more than 60% due to a change in the design scheme. Jumpers with rod reinforcement have a brittle nature of destruction, while those with external composite reinforcement fail plastically. In general, the load-bearing capacity of composite aerated concrete jumpers reinforced with external composite reinforcement is sufficient to withstand operational loads","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-41-53
Ch. D. Fan
The paper considers the possibility of estimating the stiffness and strength characteristics of slab and wall structures by thickness based on the results of experimental studies of measurements of bending wave propagation velocities of different frequency ranges. Theoretical dispersion curves of bending wave velocities as a function of their lengths for plate structures of different characteristics at different thicknesses are constructed. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results for estimation of the state of materials by the thickness of slabs has been carried out. Experimental measurements of bending wave propagation velocities on the walls of an existing building in St. Petersburg have been carried out, and the primary assessment of masonry stiffness properties and control of the design wall thickness have been performed. The results of the studies confirmed the possibility of assessing the characteristic of the state of materials in the thickness of slab and wall structures by comparing experimental studies of bending wave propagation velocity measurements at different frequency ranges. The use of bending wave method also allows controlling the design thickness of slab, wall and lining at one-sided access
{"title":"APPLICATION OF THE BENDING WAVE METHOD FOR INSPECTION OF SLAB AND WALL STRUCTURES","authors":"Ch. D. Fan","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-41-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-41-53","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the possibility of estimating the stiffness and strength characteristics of slab and wall structures by thickness based on the results of experimental studies of measurements of bending wave propagation velocities of different frequency ranges. Theoretical dispersion curves of bending wave velocities as a function of their lengths for plate structures of different characteristics at different thicknesses are constructed. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results for estimation of the state of materials by the thickness of slabs has been carried out. Experimental measurements of bending wave propagation velocities on the walls of an existing building in St. Petersburg have been carried out, and the primary assessment of masonry stiffness properties and control of the design wall thickness have been performed. The results of the studies confirmed the possibility of assessing the characteristic of the state of materials in the thickness of slab and wall structures by comparing experimental studies of bending wave propagation velocity measurements at different frequency ranges. The use of bending wave method also allows controlling the design thickness of slab, wall and lining at one-sided access","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-115-123
Yu. Chumikov, Yu. Rodionov, A. Skomorohova, M. Sokolov, O. Glivenkova, A. Sukhova
The use of powders is of interest in many industries. At the same time, the degree of grinding of materials depends on the intended purpose; in particular, in the production of paints, it is necessary to ensure a certain fineness of grinding of the pigment. The smaller the particles, the higher its hiding power. However, excessively high grinding fineness may reduce the hiding power of the pigment. It is proposed to grind the pigment in a two-section cylindrical-conical ball mill with vacuum removal of particles of a given degree of grinding. The article describes the design of the mill and shows a diagram of the line for vacuum transportation of the crushed pigment. The purpose of the work is to determine the main parameters of the vacuum line of pneumatic transport when grinding solid organic materials using a ball mill with a vacuum outlet. A method for calculating the geometric, kinematic and dynamic parameters of the developed mill and pneumatic transport line is presented. A significant reduction in energy costs for excess grinding is achieved through timely vacuum removal of crushed particles. The vacuum in the system is created and maintained by a liquid ring vacuum pump. Various options for the operation of the developed installation are described: direct grinding; additional grinding and recirculation of additional liquid generated during the operation of the liquid ring vacuum pump, which further reduces energy costs during grinding
{"title":"SELECTION OF LIQUID RING VACUUM PUMP FOR BALL MILL WITH VACUUM OUTLET","authors":"Yu. Chumikov, Yu. Rodionov, A. Skomorohova, M. Sokolov, O. Glivenkova, A. Sukhova","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-115-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-115-123","url":null,"abstract":"The use of powders is of interest in many industries. At the same time, the degree of grinding of materials depends on the intended purpose; in particular, in the production of paints, it is necessary to ensure a certain fineness of grinding of the pigment. The smaller the particles, the higher its hiding power. However, excessively high grinding fineness may reduce the hiding power of the pigment. It is proposed to grind the pigment in a two-section cylindrical-conical ball mill with vacuum removal of particles of a given degree of grinding. The article describes the design of the mill and shows a diagram of the line for vacuum transportation of the crushed pigment. The purpose of the work is to determine the main parameters of the vacuum line of pneumatic transport when grinding solid organic materials using a ball mill with a vacuum outlet. A method for calculating the geometric, kinematic and dynamic parameters of the developed mill and pneumatic transport line is presented. A significant reduction in energy costs for excess grinding is achieved through timely vacuum removal of crushed particles. The vacuum in the system is created and maintained by a liquid ring vacuum pump. Various options for the operation of the developed installation are described: direct grinding; additional grinding and recirculation of additional liquid generated during the operation of the liquid ring vacuum pump, which further reduces energy costs during grinding","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-8-15
K. Suleymanov
Aerated concrete is one of the most popular building materials, which has unique properties such as light weight, high sound and heat insulation characteristics and strength. However, its porous structure may reduce its strength and durability. In this article, the author examines the various types of pores in aerated concrete and their effect on its properties. Gel and capillary pores are the main types of pores that are formed during the production of aerated concrete. Air (gas) pores are formed as a result of a chemical reaction between gas and binder. They also affect the properties of aerated concrete, but to a lesser extent than gel and capillary ones. However, air entrainment pores negatively affect the quality of aerated concrete. This type of pore is formed when pouring an aerated concrete mixture and represents air bubbles that reduce the strength of the material and impair its thermal insulation properties. To improve the quality of aerated concrete and prevent the formation of air entrainment pores, it is necessary to optimize production technologies and control the pouring process. The article also discusses the features of the formation of an air entrainment pore and the transformation of the shape of entrained air in an air entrainment pore with the shape of an inverted drop.
{"title":"AIR ENTRACTION PORES IN THE STRUCTURE OF AERED CONCRETE","authors":"K. Suleymanov","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-8-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-8-15","url":null,"abstract":"Aerated concrete is one of the most popular building materials, which has unique properties such as light weight, high sound and heat insulation characteristics and strength. However, its porous structure may reduce its strength and durability. In this article, the author examines the various types of pores in aerated concrete and their effect on its properties. Gel and capillary pores are the main types of pores that are formed during the production of aerated concrete. Air (gas) pores are formed as a result of a chemical reaction between gas and binder. They also affect the properties of aerated concrete, but to a lesser extent than gel and capillary ones. However, air entrainment pores negatively affect the quality of aerated concrete. This type of pore is formed when pouring an aerated concrete mixture and represents air bubbles that reduce the strength of the material and impair its thermal insulation properties. To improve the quality of aerated concrete and prevent the formation of air entrainment pores, it is necessary to optimize production technologies and control the pouring process. The article also discusses the features of the formation of an air entrainment pore and the transformation of the shape of entrained air in an air entrainment pore with the shape of an inverted drop.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-139-149
S. Anciferov, A. Karachevceva, E. Sychyov, A. Litvishko
The article presents an engineering analysis of a robotic cell. Definitions of CAD/CAM/CAE systems are considered. The main developers of specialized software for engineering analysis are presented, which include: Siemens PLM Software; ANSYS; APM Scientific and Technical Center; TESIS; NUMECA. In modern times, designs and products have evolved at a record pace, and this suggests that their composition has become the most complex and more effective. The engineering analysis of the robotic cell is performed in the consolidated Simcenter 3D platform. The presented platform includes a huge list of CAE applications, which allows meeting modern requirements for the design and improvement of products. The main industries that use software for structural analysis are the aerospace industry, mechanical engineering, medicine, robotics and others. The paper describes the main stages of engineering analysis and what it implies. During preparing for the calculation, a calculation scheme is created and operational loads are determined. The material is also assigned to the main structural elements and guides with carriages. At the end of the engineering analysis, the strength and stiffness coefficients are calculated. The conclusions are generalized that the calculated and experimental data can be used to verify more complex mathematical models.
文章介绍了机器人单元的工程分析。考虑了 CAD/CAM/CAE 系统的定义。介绍了工程分析专用软件的主要开发商，其中包括：Siemens PLM Software；ANSYS；APM Scientific and Technical Center；TESIS；NUIS：Siemens PLM Software；ANSYS；APM 科技中心；TESIS；NUMECA。在现代，设计和产品以创纪录的速度发展，这表明它们的组成已变得最复杂和更有效。机器人单元的工程分析是在综合 Simcenter 3D 平台上进行的。该平台包含大量 CAE 应用程序，可以满足现代产品设计和改进的要求。使用软件进行结构分析的主要行业有航空航天业、机械工程、医学、机器人等。本文介绍了工程分析的主要阶段及其含义。在准备计算的过程中，需要创建计算方案并确定工作载荷。此外，还将材料分配给主要结构元素和带滑块的导轨。工程分析结束后，计算强度和刚度系数。得出的结论是，计算和实验数据可用于验证更复杂的数学模型。
{"title":"ENGINEERING ANALYSIS OF A ROBOTIC CELL OF MACHINE-BUILDING PRODUCTION","authors":"S. Anciferov, A. Karachevceva, E. Sychyov, A. Litvishko","doi":"10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-139-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-139-149","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an engineering analysis of a robotic cell. Definitions of CAD/CAM/CAE systems are considered. The main developers of specialized software for engineering analysis are presented, which include: Siemens PLM Software; ANSYS; APM Scientific and Technical Center; TESIS; NUMECA. In modern times, designs and products have evolved at a record pace, and this suggests that their composition has become the most complex and more effective. The engineering analysis of the robotic cell is performed in the consolidated Simcenter 3D platform. The presented platform includes a huge list of CAE applications, which allows meeting modern requirements for the design and improvement of products. The main industries that use software for structural analysis are the aerospace industry, mechanical engineering, medicine, robotics and others. The paper describes the main stages of engineering analysis and what it implies. During preparing for the calculation, a calculation scheme is created and operational loads are determined. The material is also assigned to the main structural elements and guides with carriages. At the end of the engineering analysis, the strength and stiffness coefficients are calculated. The conclusions are generalized that the calculated and experimental data can be used to verify more complex mathematical models.","PeriodicalId":9367,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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