Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2022.113005
Caitlyn Rogers, Edward Bush
{"title":"Using <i>Tillandsia recurvate</i> (Ball Moss) as a Biological Indicator to Monitor Air Pollution and Retain Oil Pollution","authors":"Caitlyn Rogers, Edward Bush","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2022.113005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2022.113005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70572236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2022.111002
Esmeralda Mendez, Jonathan Rodriguez, August Luna, Amit U. Raysoni
{"title":"Comparative Assessment of Pollutant Concentrations and Meteorological Parameters from TCEQ CAMS Sites at Houston and Rio Grande Valley Regions of Texas, USA in 2016","authors":"Esmeralda Mendez, Jonathan Rodriguez, August Luna, Amit U. Raysoni","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2022.111002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2022.111002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70572081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2022.111001
Maurice Ndeye, H. Synal, Matar Séne
Radiocarbon content in biogenic samples is widely used to study the variation of atmospheric CO 2 due to anthropogenic activities. A total of 20 samples of several types of tree leaves, were analyzed for this study. Sampling was carried out at the end of the rainy season in 2017 from the surrounding of the SOCOCIM cement factory in Rufisque town. Rufisque is located on the pe-ninsula of Cape Verde, 25 km east of Dakar, where it is the «south gate» of the agglomeration. Reference samples of five different species were collected during the same period (2017) from a clean zone. The 14 C method was used for the determination of Δ 14 C values. The data show that the 14 C concentration in the studied sites was significantly lower than the clean area, due to the release of anthropogenic CO 2 . To estimate the Suess effect, the fossil fuel fraction was determined based on equations of mass balance for CO 2 concentration, stable isotopic composition of carbon, and 14 C concentration. The results show that selected locations are affected differently according to their distance from the factory and the wind direction.
{"title":"Radiocarbon Concentration Measurements in Tree Leaves near SOCOCIM (Rufisque, Senegal), A Cement Factory","authors":"Maurice Ndeye, H. Synal, Matar Séne","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2022.111001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2022.111001","url":null,"abstract":"Radiocarbon content in biogenic samples is widely used to study the variation of atmospheric CO 2 due to anthropogenic activities. A total of 20 samples of several types of tree leaves, were analyzed for this study. Sampling was carried out at the end of the rainy season in 2017 from the surrounding of the SOCOCIM cement factory in Rufisque town. Rufisque is located on the pe-ninsula of Cape Verde, 25 km east of Dakar, where it is the «south gate» of the agglomeration. Reference samples of five different species were collected during the same period (2017) from a clean zone. The 14 C method was used for the determination of Δ 14 C values. The data show that the 14 C concentration in the studied sites was significantly lower than the clean area, due to the release of anthropogenic CO 2 . To estimate the Suess effect, the fossil fuel fraction was determined based on equations of mass balance for CO 2 concentration, stable isotopic composition of carbon, and 14 C concentration. The results show that selected locations are affected differently according to their distance from the factory and the wind direction.","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70572066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2022.113006
A. Marongiu, E. Angelino, M. Moretti, Giulia Malvestiti, G. Fossati
{"title":"Atmospheric Emission Sources in the Po-Basin from the LIFE-IP PREPAIR Project","authors":"A. Marongiu, E. Angelino, M. Moretti, Giulia Malvestiti, G. Fossati","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2022.113006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2022.113006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70572285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2022.113004
Y. Salem
The original online version of this article Salem, Y. (2017) The Influence of Gaseous Pollutants on Silver Artifacts Tarnishing. Open Journal of Air Pollution, 6, 135-148. doi: 10.4236/ojap.2017.64011 unfortunately contains grammar mistakes. The author wishes to correct the errors. Abstract The present work investigated the effect of common gaseous pollutants on silver artifacts. The study was carried out on coupons made of a silver alloy (91 silver and 9% copper) with chemical composition similar to ancient Egyptian silver artifacts. These coupons were exposed to gaseous pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and chlorine, each gas separately. The exposure period was four weeks inside a climate chamber with 10 PPM concentration of each gas. After each test, examinations by SEM and PM were used to evaluate the effect of each gas and observe the formed tarnish layers. The results revealed that all gases reacted with the surface except carbon dioxide. The formed tarnish layers varied in coverage and density rate, and the heaviest layer was of H 2 S coupons. The tested coupons were analyzed by XRD and the results revealed Ag 2 S, AgCl, Ag 2 SO 4 , Ag(NO 3 ) 3 (NO) 3 , AgO and Ag 2 O as corrosion products.
{"title":"Erratum to the Influence of Gaseous Pollutants on Silver Artifacts Tarnishing, Vol. 6 (2017), 135-148","authors":"Y. Salem","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2022.113004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2022.113004","url":null,"abstract":"The original online version of this article Salem, Y. (2017) The Influence of Gaseous Pollutants on Silver Artifacts Tarnishing. Open Journal of Air Pollution, 6, 135-148. doi: 10.4236/ojap.2017.64011 unfortunately contains grammar mistakes. The author wishes to correct the errors. Abstract The present work investigated the effect of common gaseous pollutants on silver artifacts. The study was carried out on coupons made of a silver alloy (91 silver and 9% copper) with chemical composition similar to ancient Egyptian silver artifacts. These coupons were exposed to gaseous pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and chlorine, each gas separately. The exposure period was four weeks inside a climate chamber with 10 PPM concentration of each gas. After each test, examinations by SEM and PM were used to evaluate the effect of each gas and observe the formed tarnish layers. The results revealed that all gases reacted with the surface except carbon dioxide. The formed tarnish layers varied in coverage and density rate, and the heaviest layer was of H 2 S coupons. The tested coupons were analyzed by XRD and the results revealed Ag 2 S, AgCl, Ag 2 SO 4 , Ag(NO 3 ) 3 (NO) 3 , AgO and Ag 2 O as corrosion products.","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70572225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2021.103004
Lawson Tevi Atator, Hodabalo Kamou, Anissou Bawa, Kodjovi Mawuégnigan Léonard Agbodan, Akpisso Aniko Polo, S. Akpavi, K. Akpagana
Air quality has been a major health issue in urban areas in recent decades. Human activities release a large number of pollutants into the atmosphere which has a direct impact on plant health and leads to ecosystem degradation. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better evaluation of the impact of the air quality of the city of Togo on biological resources. The determination of pollutants was done on samples of plant species with a strong link with the source of pollution. The determination of Sulfur dioxide (SO2) was done by the ripper method. The determination of carbon and estimation of CO2 and CO by the colorimetric method. The determination of nitrogen was done by the Kjeldhal method. The results showed that at the industrial level the amount of CO2 in Alternanthera repens is high with a value of 53.3911 mg/ml. On the other hand, the quantity of CO in Senna occidentalis is 44.3619 mg/ml. In Pithecellobium dulce, the quantity of SO2 and NO2 are evaluated respectively to 0.1588 mg/ml and 0.3696 mg/ml. Regarding to the dumps, the quantity of CO2 in Newbouldia laevis is very high with a value of 65.8508 mg/ml. On the other hand the amount of CO in Senna occidentalis is 51.6106 mg/ml. The quantity of SO2 in Newbouldia laevis is 0.2101 mg/ml and NO2 in Ocimum canum is 0.2744 mg/ml. At the level of roads, the quantities of CO2 and CO in Eragrostis tenella are very high with values respectively equal to 74.4092 mg/ml and 62.2654 mg/ml. On the other hand, the amount of NO2 in Amaranthus sp is 0.2304 mg/ml and that of SO2 in Eragrostis Tenella is 0.1691 mg/ml. The use of a plant bioindicator sensitive to pollutants, allowed concluding that the air of the city of Lome is polluted. The concentration of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is much more evident in return when the health of plant species is threatened.
{"title":"Determination of Air Pollutant Concentrations in Plant Species in Relation to Pollution Sources","authors":"Lawson Tevi Atator, Hodabalo Kamou, Anissou Bawa, Kodjovi Mawuégnigan Léonard Agbodan, Akpisso Aniko Polo, S. Akpavi, K. Akpagana","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2021.103004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2021.103004","url":null,"abstract":"Air quality has been a major health issue in urban areas \u0000in recent decades. Human activities release a large number of \u0000pollutants into the atmosphere which has a \u0000direct impact on plant health and leads to \u0000ecosystem degradation. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better \u0000evaluation of the impact of the air quality of the city of Togo on biological \u0000resources. The determination of pollutants was done on samples of plant species \u0000with a strong link with the source of pollution. The determination of Sulfur dioxide \u0000(SO2) was done by the ripper method. The determination of carbon and \u0000estimation of CO2 and CO by the colorimetric method. The \u0000determination of nitrogen was done by the \u0000Kjeldhal method. The results showed that at the industrial level the amount of CO2 in Alternanthera repens is high with a value of 53.3911 mg/ml. \u0000On the other hand, the quantity of CO in Senna occidentalis is 44.3619 mg/ml. In Pithecellobium dulce, the \u0000quantity of SO2 and NO2 are evaluated respectively to 0.1588 \u0000mg/ml and 0.3696 mg/ml. Regarding to the dumps, the quantity of CO2 in Newbouldia laevis is very high with a value of 65.8508 mg/ml. On the other hand the amount \u0000of CO in Senna occidentalis is \u000051.6106 mg/ml. The quantity of SO2 in Newbouldia laevis is 0.2101 mg/ml and NO2 in Ocimum canum is 0.2744 mg/ml. At the level of roads, the quantities of CO2 and CO in Eragrostis tenella are very high with values respectively equal to \u000074.4092 mg/ml and 62.2654 mg/ml. On the other hand, the \u0000amount of NO2 in Amaranthus sp is 0.2304 mg/ml and that of SO2 in Eragrostis Tenella is 0.1691 mg/ml. The use of a plant bioindicator sensitive to \u0000pollutants, allowed concluding that the air of the city of Lome is polluted. \u0000The concentration of carbon dioxide and \u0000carbon monoxide is much more evident in return when the health \u0000of plant species is threatened.","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43188731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2021.102003
Diana Rojo, M. Rojo, T. Girbés
Over the past few years, research on the quality of air and microorganisms present in the atmosphere and spore composition of the environment has increased significantly, due to concerns over health risks for humans, plants, and animals. This study shows the abundance and diversity of microorganisms and the atmosphere of an urban nucleus, that is, the city of Valladolid (Spain). We considered the conditions of precipitation, humidity and wind, and the presence of some atmospheric pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen monoxide (NO2/NO), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). After their deposition present at five geographic points with different environmental conditions, differences were observed in the proportion of bacteria growth which was characterized by growth in several specific culture media. Most identified the Gram-negative bacteria identified in the air samples collected belong to the genera Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Gram-positive bacteria were present at a low rate.
{"title":"Airborne Microorganisms Present in the Atmosphere in Valladolid, Spain","authors":"Diana Rojo, M. Rojo, T. Girbés","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2021.102003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2021.102003","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, research on the quality of air and \u0000microorganisms present in the atmosphere and \u0000spore composition of the environment has increased significantly, due to \u0000concerns over health risks for humans, plants, and animals. This study shows \u0000the abundance and diversity of microorganisms and the atmosphere of an urban nucleus, \u0000that is, the city of Valladolid (Spain). We considered the conditions of \u0000precipitation, humidity and wind, and the \u0000presence of some atmospheric pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen \u0000monoxide (NO2/NO), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide, and \u0000particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). After their deposition present at five geographic points with different environmental conditions, differences were observed in the proportion of bacteria \u0000growth which was characterized by growth in several specific culture \u0000media. Most identified the Gram-negative bacteria identified in the air samples \u0000collected belong to the genera Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Gram-positive bacteria were present at a low rate.","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42916007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-23DOI: 10.4236/OJAP.2021.101002
Baïdy Sow, Bertrand F. Tchanche, I. Fall, Saliou Souaré, Aminata Mbow-Diokhané
The lack of data on air quality monitoring and neglected and overlooked pollutant emissions in the transportation and industrial sectors are motives for the government of Senegal to set up, in 2009, an air quality management center, the CGQA (Centre de Gestion de la Qualite de l’Air). Air quality monitoring at CGQA deals with mainly six pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) (with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen monoxide (NO)), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ground-level ozone (O3), Benzene-Toluene-Xylenes (BTX), and particulate matters (PM) with diameters less than 10 μm (PM10) and 2.5 μm (PM2.5). The concentration levels of gaseous pollutants (CO, O3, NO2 and SO2) in the city generally remain below the limit value set by the WHO (World Health Organization). However, particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5) are the most important pollutants observed in Dakar, they far exceed the annual thresholds set by the WHO and the national standard (NS 05-062). This situation results in an Air Quality Index (AQI) around bad and very bad during the dry season (November to May) and good to moderate during the rainy season (June to October). The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 vary respectively from 120 to 180 μg·m-3 and from 25 to 48 μg·m-3. The average concentrations of pollutants therefore vary from one area to another and depending on the location of the air quality monitoring station (near industrial sites, traffic, etc.).
{"title":"Monitoring of Atmospheric Pollutant Concentrations in the City of Dakar, Senegal","authors":"Baïdy Sow, Bertrand F. Tchanche, I. Fall, Saliou Souaré, Aminata Mbow-Diokhané","doi":"10.4236/OJAP.2021.101002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJAP.2021.101002","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of data on air quality monitoring and neglected and overlooked \u0000pollutant emissions in the transportation and industrial sectors are motives \u0000for the government of Senegal to set up, in 2009, an air quality management \u0000center, the CGQA (Centre \u0000de Gestion de la Qualite de l’Air). Air quality monitoring at CGQA deals with \u0000mainly six pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) \u0000(with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen monoxide (NO)), sulfur dioxide (SO2), \u0000ground-level ozone (O3), Benzene-Toluene-Xylenes (BTX), and \u0000particulate matters (PM) with diameters less than 10 μm (PM10) and \u00002.5 μm (PM2.5). The concentration levels of gaseous pollutants (CO, \u0000O3, NO2 and SO2) in the city generally remain \u0000below the limit value set by the WHO (World Health Organization). However, \u0000particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5) are the most \u0000important pollutants observed in Dakar, they far exceed the annual thresholds \u0000set by the WHO and the national standard (NS 05-062). This situation results in \u0000an Air Quality Index (AQI) around bad and very bad during the dry season (November \u0000to May) and good to moderate during the rainy season (June to October). The \u0000concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 vary respectively from \u0000120 to 180 μg·m-3 and from 25 to 48 μg·m-3. The average concentrations of pollutants therefore vary from one area \u0000to another and depending on the location of the air quality monitoring station \u0000(near industrial sites, traffic, etc.).","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46103219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4236/ojap.2021.104005
Donatus Eberechukwu Onwuegbuchunam, Famous Egelu, M. Aponjolosun, K. Okeke
{"title":"Measuring Traffic Induced Air Pollution in Onne Port’s Environment","authors":"Donatus Eberechukwu Onwuegbuchunam, Famous Egelu, M. Aponjolosun, K. Okeke","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2021.104005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2021.104005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70572467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Urban Air pollution is increasingly becoming a major health and sustainable development issue. Several studies showed that Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is one of the main sources of urban air pollution and has serious consequences on respiratory health. As no systematic review focused on the traffic-related air pollution and respiratory health in the target population of individuals working in a shop or in an office or individuals living along the trunk road, the authors conducted the current study to try to fill this gap. Methods: A systematic review search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Scientific Research Publishing: SCIRP, Web of Science, Google scholar. Studies were included if they meet the following selection criteria: 1) focus on population working or living along a major/trunk road; 2) studies had reported clearly at least on the exposure variables related to TRAP; 3) the association between TRAP and development of respiratory symptoms or respiratory diseases was established. Results: 13 articles were selected on the 192 articles that were retrieved in the initial research. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution was determined by using distance to road, traffic intensity and pollutants measured. The main respiratory health problems found were cough, wheeze, asthma and bronchitis. No article discussed about roundabouts in characterizing exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Conclusion: Distance to road, traffic density and pollutants measured are the usual methods to characterize the exposure to traffic-related air pollution and its consequences on respiratory health. Regarding the context of area occupations in African cities, it is necessary to focus on population around roundabouts and see if they are not more exposed to TRAP.
引言：城市空气污染日益成为一个重大的健康和可持续发展问题。多项研究表明，交通相关空气污染是城市空气污染的主要来源之一，对呼吸系统健康有严重影响。由于没有系统综述关注在商店或办公室工作的个人或生活在主干道沿线的个人的目标人群中与交通相关的空气污染和呼吸健康，作者进行了当前的研究，试图填补这一空白。方法：使用MEDLINE（PubMed）、科学研究出版社：SCIRP、Web of Science、Google scholar进行系统综述检索。如果符合以下选择标准，则纳入研究：1）关注在主要/主干道沿线工作或生活的人群；2） 研究至少清楚地报告了与TRAP相关的暴露变量；3） TRAP与呼吸系统症状或呼吸系统疾病的发展之间的关系已经确立。结果：在最初研究中检索到的192篇文章中，选择了13篇。通过与道路的距离、交通强度和测量的污染物来确定暴露于交通相关的空气污染。发现的主要呼吸道健康问题是咳嗽、喘息、哮喘和支气管炎。没有一篇文章讨论过环形交叉口暴露于交通相关空气污染的特征。结论：测量道路距离、交通密度和污染物是表征暴露于交通相关空气污染及其对呼吸健康影响的常用方法。关于非洲城市区域职业的背景，有必要关注环岛周围的人口，看看他们是否更容易受到TRAP的影响。
{"title":"Estimating Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Its Consequences on Respiratory Health in Population Working or Living along the Trunk Road: A Systematic Review","authors":"P. Houngbégnon, E. Atindégla, H. Lawin, V. Agueh","doi":"10.4236/ojap.2020.94005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojap.2020.94005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Urban Air pollution is increasingly becoming a major health and sustainable \u0000development issue. Several studies showed that Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) \u0000is one of the main sources of urban air pollution and has serious consequences on \u0000respiratory health. As no systematic review focused on the traffic-related air pollution \u0000and respiratory health in the target population of individuals working in a shop \u0000or in an office or individuals living along the trunk road, the authors conducted \u0000the current study to try to fill this gap. Methods: A systematic review search \u0000was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Scientific Research Publishing: SCIRP, Web \u0000of Science, Google scholar. Studies were included if they meet the following selection \u0000criteria: 1) focus \u0000on population working or living along a major/trunk road; 2) studies had reported clearly at least on the exposure \u0000variables related to TRAP; 3) the association between TRAP \u0000and development of respiratory symptoms or respiratory diseases was established. Results: 13 articles were selected on the 192 articles that were retrieved \u0000in the initial research. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution was determined \u0000by using distance to road, traffic intensity and pollutants measured. The main respiratory \u0000health problems found were cough, wheeze, asthma and bronchitis. No article discussed \u0000about roundabouts in characterizing exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Conclusion: Distance to road, traffic density and pollutants measured are the usual methods \u0000to characterize the exposure to traffic-related air pollution and its consequences \u0000on respiratory health. Regarding the context of area occupations in African cities, \u0000it is necessary to focus on population around roundabouts and see if they are not \u0000more exposed to TRAP.","PeriodicalId":93802,"journal":{"name":"Open journal of air pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47874027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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