Background: When someone develops an alcohol use disorder (AUD), their addiction conditioning does not go away simply by refraining from drinking for some weeks or months. On the contrary, due to the deprivation effect, if one day they try to have just one alcoholic drink they will feel a strong and imperative biological necessity to keep drinking very fast, not being able to stop, which will lead to immediate negative consequences.
{"title":"A clinical remission study of low-severity alcohol use disorder, treated with nalmefene","authors":"J. Guardia-Serecigni","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.59","url":null,"abstract":"Background: When someone develops an alcohol use disorder (AUD), their addiction conditioning does not go away simply by refraining from drinking for some weeks or months. On the contrary, due to the deprivation effect, if one day they try to have just one alcoholic drink they will feel a strong and imperative biological necessity to keep drinking very fast, not being able to stop, which will lead to immediate negative consequences.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"427 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78255146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Hamilton, D. Márquez-Garbán, Ben Rogers, David Austin, K. Foos, A. Tong, Diana Adams, J. Vadgama, M. Brecht, R. Pietras
{"title":"Dual Therapy with Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Receptor/Insulin Receptor (IGF1R/IR) and Androgen Receptor (AR) Antagonists Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Migration In Vitro","authors":"N. Hamilton, D. Márquez-Garbán, Ben Rogers, David Austin, K. Foos, A. Tong, Diana Adams, J. Vadgama, M. Brecht, R. Pietras","doi":"10.32392/biomed.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.69","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90069749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luz Stella Bueno-Robles, Virginia Inés Soto-Lesmes
Methodology: This was a correlational-type study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. The sampling was non-probabilistic and the sample was comprised of 103 couples from five Colombian cities. The women received the Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Women (SFQ-W); and the version for the sex partners, denominated Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Men (SFQ-M) by Syrjala KL et al. For the variable Impact of treatments, the study used the subscale Impact of treatments version for women and men by Syrjala KL et al., 2000, with prior informed consent.
{"title":"Sexual health and impact of treatments on Colombian women with breast cancer and their sex partners","authors":"Luz Stella Bueno-Robles, Virginia Inés Soto-Lesmes","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.52","url":null,"abstract":"Methodology: This was a correlational-type study with cross-sectional design and quantitative approach. The sampling was non-probabilistic and the sample was comprised of 103 couples from five Colombian cities. The women received the Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Women (SFQ-W); and the version for the sex partners, denominated Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Men (SFQ-M) by Syrjala KL et al. For the variable Impact of treatments, the study used the subscale Impact of treatments version for women and men by Syrjala KL et al., 2000, with prior informed consent.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87525214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuroblastomas are the most common extracranial cancers in children. They have a complex morphology and heterogeneous clinical course. Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is seen in 50% of high-risk neuroblastomas and is associated with a poor clinical outcome with a higher rate of progression and relapse when compared with tumors without MYCN amplification. MYCN amplification drives genomic instability, dynamic remodeling of chromosomes and changes in nuclear organization. However, understanding of how the chromatin structure responds to MYC overexpression in neuroblastoma is nebulous. In the present study, we examined neuroblastoma samples with and without MYCN amplification as well as in the neuroblastoma cell line SH-EP transfected with MYCN pUHD. Our neuroblastoma cases segregated into one of three prognostic clusters of increasingly poor prognosis. Clusters I and II encompassed tumors with no MYCN amplification, while cluster III included tumors with MYCN amplification. Measurements of both the DNA structure (p<0.001) and structure of the DNA-free space (p < 0.001) showed significant DNA structural alterations associated with MYCN amplification indicating that there is a progressive disruption of nuclear DNA organization with MYCN amplification suggesting that MYCN may play an functional role in determining the nuclear structure in neuroblastoma.
{"title":"MYCN overexpression is linked to significant differences in nuclear DNA organization in neuroblastoma","authors":"A. Rangel-Pozzo, A. Kuzyk, J. Gartner, S. Mai","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.63.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.63.3","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroblastomas are the most common extracranial cancers in children. They have a complex morphology and heterogeneous clinical course. Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is seen in 50% of high-risk neuroblastomas and is associated with a poor clinical outcome with a higher rate of progression and relapse when compared with tumors without MYCN amplification. MYCN amplification drives genomic instability, dynamic remodeling of chromosomes and changes in nuclear organization. However, understanding of how the chromatin structure responds to MYC overexpression in neuroblastoma is nebulous. In the present study, we examined neuroblastoma samples with and without MYCN amplification as well as in the neuroblastoma cell line SH-EP transfected with MYCN pUHD. Our neuroblastoma cases segregated into one of three prognostic clusters of increasingly poor prognosis. Clusters I and II encompassed tumors with no MYCN amplification, while cluster III included tumors with MYCN amplification. Measurements of both the DNA structure (p<0.001) and structure of the DNA-free space (p < 0.001) showed significant DNA structural alterations associated with MYCN amplification indicating that there is a progressive disruption of nuclear DNA organization with MYCN amplification suggesting that MYCN may play an functional role in determining the nuclear structure in neuroblastoma.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89304641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sara, Ashraf Komal, Malka M. Samra, Muhammad Shahzad, Muhammad Yusuf, M. Athar, M. Basra
Methods: To characterize the protein fractions in wheat flour, responsible for aeroallergy in the asthmatic patients, twelve out of forty-five asthmatic patients were screened. These patients were sensitive to wheat and suspected of having wheat aero-allergy by their clinical allergic history, positive skin prick test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Total level of protein in water salt soluble wheat extract was estimated through Lowry’s method. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used for the separation of protein fractions in wheat and immunoblotting assay was carried out to target the protein fractions responsible for aero-allergy in screened asthmatic patients.
{"title":"Immunological and clinical evaluation of Triticum aestivum aeroallergens in asthmatic patients","authors":"S. Sara, Ashraf Komal, Malka M. Samra, Muhammad Shahzad, Muhammad Yusuf, M. Athar, M. Basra","doi":"10.32392/biomed.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.45","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: To characterize the protein fractions in wheat flour, responsible for aeroallergy in the asthmatic patients, twelve out of forty-five asthmatic patients were screened. These patients were sensitive to wheat and suspected of having wheat aero-allergy by their clinical allergic history, positive skin prick test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Total level of protein in water salt soluble wheat extract was estimated through Lowry’s method. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used for the separation of protein fractions in wheat and immunoblotting assay was carried out to target the protein fractions responsible for aero-allergy in screened asthmatic patients.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89322508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nissar Shaikh, Sayed Ali, Z. Aftab, U. Amara, Arshad H. Chanda, M. Zubair, Jazib Hassan, Ahmed Jalil, M. Nayeemuddin, M. Khan, Inamullah, A. Tharayil, A. Vegesna
{"title":"Acute Mesenteric Ischemi a (AMI): A surgical perspective","authors":"Nissar Shaikh, Sayed Ali, Z. Aftab, U. Amara, Arshad H. Chanda, M. Zubair, Jazib Hassan, Ahmed Jalil, M. Nayeemuddin, M. Khan, Inamullah, A. Tharayil, A. Vegesna","doi":"10.32392/biomed.28.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.28.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83731138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Amaral, A. Rios, D. Baldo, Juliana Ferreira de Souza, Kessi Crescencio, F. Batain, M. Gremião, T. Alves, M. Chaud
{"title":"The effect of efflux bomb and the transmural potential difference in the permeation of azidothymidine across the small intestine of the rat","authors":"V. Amaral, A. Rios, D. Baldo, Juliana Ferreira de Souza, Kessi Crescencio, F. Batain, M. Gremião, T. Alves, M. Chaud","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90459924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cure was reported in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2009 by Dr. Gero Hütter and associates from Germany (1). The patient, Timothy Brown, had acute myeloid leukemia and HIV infection and is now referred to as “The Berlin Patient”. It was well known at that time that HIV-1 enters host cells by binding to a CD4 receptor and then interacting with either CCR5 or the CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR4). Homozygosity for a 32-bp deletion (delta32/delta32; CCR5-/-) in the CCR5 allele results in an inactive CCR5 gene product and consequently confers high resistance against HIV-1 infection. Following transplantation using stem cells from an adult donor who had the CCR5-/mutation, HIV could not be detected in Timothy Brown’s peripheral blood, spinal fluid, lymph nodes, bone marrow, brain or GI mucosa as assessed with RNA and proviral DNA PCR assays. Further, there has been no recurrence of HIV in more than 10 years. Thus, the “Berlin Patient” has had a functional cure if not a sterilizing cure of HIV.
2009年，德国Gero h tter博士及其同事在《新英格兰医学杂志》(New England Journal of Medicine)上报道了这一治愈方法。该患者名叫Timothy Brown，患有急性髓性白血病和HIV感染，现在被称为“柏林患者”。当时众所周知，HIV-1通过结合CD4受体进入宿主细胞，然后与CCR5或CXC趋化因子受体(CXCR4)相互作用。32bp缺失的纯合性(delta32/delta32;CCR5等位基因中的CCR5-/-)导致CCR5基因产物失活，从而赋予对HIV-1感染的高抗性。使用携带CCR5-/突变的成人供体干细胞进行移植后，在Timothy Brown的外周血、脊髓液、淋巴结、骨髓、脑或胃肠道粘膜中检测不到HIV，用RNA和前病毒DNA PCR检测。此外，10多年来没有艾滋病毒复发。因此，“柏林病人”即使不能绝育治愈艾滋病毒，也已经有了功能性治愈。
{"title":"An Approach to the Cure of HIV using Cord Blood Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation","authors":"L. Petz","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.48.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.48.3","url":null,"abstract":"The cure was reported in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2009 by Dr. Gero Hütter and associates from Germany (1). The patient, Timothy Brown, had acute myeloid leukemia and HIV infection and is now referred to as “The Berlin Patient”. It was well known at that time that HIV-1 enters host cells by binding to a CD4 receptor and then interacting with either CCR5 or the CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR4). Homozygosity for a 32-bp deletion (delta32/delta32; CCR5-/-) in the CCR5 allele results in an inactive CCR5 gene product and consequently confers high resistance against HIV-1 infection. Following transplantation using stem cells from an adult donor who had the CCR5-/mutation, HIV could not be detected in Timothy Brown’s peripheral blood, spinal fluid, lymph nodes, bone marrow, brain or GI mucosa as assessed with RNA and proviral DNA PCR assays. Further, there has been no recurrence of HIV in more than 10 years. Thus, the “Berlin Patient” has had a functional cure if not a sterilizing cure of HIV.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91368157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01Epub Date: 2018-10-28DOI: 10.32392/biomed.18
Hannah Wollenzien, Ellen Voigt, Michael S Kareta
Embryonic stem cells possess the ability to differentiate into all cell types of the body. This pliable developmental state is achieved by the function of a series of pluripotency factors, classically identified as OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG. These pluripotency factors are responsible for activating the larger pluripotency networks and the self-renewal programs which give ES cells their unique characteristics. However, during differentiation pluripotency networks become downregulated as cells achieve greater lineage specification and exit the cell cycle. Typically the repression of pluripotency is viewed as a positive factor to ensure the fidelity of cellular identity by restricting cellular pliancy. Consistent with this view, the expression of pluripotency factors is greatly restricted in somatic cells. However, there are examples whereby cells either maintain or reactivate pluripotency factors to preserve the increased potential for the healing of wounds or tissue homeostasis. Additionally there are many examples where these pluripotency factors become reactivated in a variety of human pathologies, particularly cancer. In this review, we will summarize the somatic repression of pluripotency factors, their role in tissue homeostasis and wound repair, and the human diseases that are associated with pluripotency factor misregulation with an emphasis on their role in the etiology of multiple cancers.
{"title":"Somatic Pluripotent Genes in Tissue Repair, Developmental Disease, and Cancer.","authors":"Hannah Wollenzien, Ellen Voigt, Michael S Kareta","doi":"10.32392/biomed.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Embryonic stem cells possess the ability to differentiate into all cell types of the body. This pliable developmental state is achieved by the function of a series of pluripotency factors, classically identified as <i>OCT4</i>, <i>SOX2</i>, and <i>NANOG</i>. These pluripotency factors are responsible for activating the larger pluripotency networks and the self-renewal programs which give ES cells their unique characteristics. However, during differentiation pluripotency networks become downregulated as cells achieve greater lineage specification and exit the cell cycle. Typically the repression of pluripotency is viewed as a positive factor to ensure the fidelity of cellular identity by restricting cellular pliancy. Consistent with this view, the expression of pluripotency factors is greatly restricted in somatic cells. However, there are examples whereby cells either maintain or reactivate pluripotency factors to preserve the increased potential for the healing of wounds or tissue homeostasis. Additionally there are many examples where these pluripotency factors become reactivated in a variety of human pathologies, particularly cancer. In this review, we will summarize the somatic repression of pluripotency factors, their role in tissue homeostasis and wound repair, and the human diseases that are associated with pluripotency factor misregulation with an emphasis on their role in the etiology of multiple cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6548517/pdf/nihms-1006621.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40549787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we have proposed employing a hybrid classifier-hidden Markov model (HMM) as a supervised learning approach to recognize daily active states from sequential life-logging data collected from wearable sensors. We generate synthetic data from real dataset to cope with noise and incompleteness for training purpose and, in conjunction with HMM, propose using a multiobjective genetic programming (MOGP) classifier in comparison of the support vector machine (SVM) with variant kernels. We demonstrate that the system with either algorithm works effectively to recognize personal active states regarding medical reference. We also illustrate that MOGP yields generally better results than SVM without requiring an ad hoc kernel.
{"title":"Learning from life-logging data by hybrid HMM: a case study on active states prediction","authors":"Ji Ni, T. Lambrou, Xujiong Ye","doi":"10.2316/P.2016.832-019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2316/P.2016.832-019","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have proposed employing a hybrid classifier-hidden Markov model (HMM) as a supervised learning approach to recognize daily active states from sequential life-logging data collected from wearable sensors. We generate synthetic data from real dataset to cope with noise and incompleteness for training purpose and, in conjunction with HMM, propose using a multiobjective genetic programming (MOGP) classifier in comparison of the support vector machine (SVM) with variant kernels. We demonstrate that the system with either algorithm works effectively to recognize personal active states regarding medical reference. We also illustrate that MOGP yields generally better results than SVM without requiring an ad hoc kernel.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91398141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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