SPG biomed最新文献

{"title":"La Sota Vaccination Does Not Offer Satisfactory Protection Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection In Chickens- A Review","authors":"J. Okoye, A. O. Igwe","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.38","url":null,"abstract":"La Sota vaccination is the major vaccine used in the control of Newcastle disease (ND) of chickens in most countries of Europe and United States of America where millions of chickens are kept in one farm at a time. La Sota vaccine is administered through drinking water and can be easily administered on millions of chickens in few hours. Furthermore, the predominant field ND virus pathotype in these countries is the mesogenic virus for which La Sota vaccination is effective in providing protection. But this same vaccine has been found to be ineffective against velogenic ND virus pathotype which is enzootic in Africa, Middle and Far East. This makes large scale poultry production difficult in these areas. The Komarov ND vaccine which is effective against the velogenic ND virus is administered intramuscularly and requires individual handling of the chickens which is not possible where millions of chickens are housed together. Copyright: © 2019 Science Publishing Group This open access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License. La Sota Vaccination Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Chicken. Science Publishing Group Copyright 2019 www.spg.ltd 3 DISCUSSION Newcastle disease (ND) is a major disease of poultry worldwide (Alexander and Senne, 2008). The virus infects a wide range of avian species including poultry, cage and wild birds (Kaleta and Baldauf, 1988). Chickens are most severely affected probably because it is only in this species that ND causes severe haemorrhagic and ulcerative lesions in the gastrointestinal tract (Okoroafor et al, 2018). The velogenic form of ND is the most severe form of the disease and usually causes mortalities of up to 70 to 100 % within seven days in susceptible chickens (Igwe et al. 2018). Okpe et al (2015) reported that dietary supplementation of vitamin A significantly reduced the mortality of velogenic ND (VND) in chickens. VND is enzootic in Africa, Middle and Far East (Echeonwu et al, 1993; Solomon et al, 2012 and Shittu et al, 2016) and it is a major factor militating against poultry production in these areas (Czegledi et al, 2006). The outbreaks cause huge economic losses to poultry producers because of heavy mortalities, loss of egg production, imposition of trade embargo by the international community and the stamping out control policy used to control the disease in those countries where VND is exotic. Control of ND is mainly by vaccination and biosecurity. Recently, researchers have discovered many inadequacies and problems in the control of VND with La Sota vaccination. Ezema et al (2009) challenged La Sota vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens with velogenic viscerotropic ND virus and reported that there was no clinical sign in the vaccinated chickens but the mortality in unvaccinated was 84.6 %. But the atrophy, necrosis and the depletion of the lymphocytes in the bursa, spleen and thymus were equally very severe in both vaccinated ","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"277 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77892351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acetabular Revision Of Paprosky Iii Defects With A New Concept Shell: A Preliminary Study On 34 Consecutive Cases","authors":"Ceretti Marco, P. Gabriele, F. Francesco","doi":"10.32392/biomed.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.50","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing duration of life with total hip arthroplasties and trend toward indication for surgery at younger ages, will increase the amount and complexity of revision surgery. Cementless acetabular components have shown improved long term survival over cemented components. Sometimes peripheral acetabular circumference (RIM) and acetabular wall integrity aren’t enough preserved to guarantee a new implant good stability. Usually the treatment options for III A and III B Paprosky defects are: cage implant with cemented polyethylene liner, cementless implants with augmentation using, big revision shell implant with biological/metal augmentation or the stemmed cup implant. The LIMA acetabular revision system born to make possible the combination between cage benefit with all the primary implant shell advantages. This solution gives the same stability of a cage and more options than a primary cup to restore the hip rotation centre without","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83500855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria: An Emerging Clinical Problem","authors":"J. Holton","doi":"10.32392/biomed.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.67","url":null,"abstract":"Mycobacteria are aerobic organism that are non-sporulating, non-motile (M. marinum is an exception) and have a waxy, relatively impermeable cell wall consisting of arabinogalactan and mycolic acids. There are over 188 mycobacterial species. Mycobacteria have a high GC content (around 65%) and the ability to grow over a wide temperature range (25-53 C). They are largely environmental organisms (M. tuberculosis and M. leprae are exceptions) and are slowly growing bacteria (M. leprae cannot be cultured on artificial media) with a long generation time of approximately twenty hours.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89866488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations to Improve Neonatal Mortality in low and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"K. Azad, S. Akhter, Shareen Khan","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.70","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence-based interventions are available which, if scaled-up, can prevent roughly half of neonatal deaths; these include tetanus toxoid immunization to mothers, clean and skilled care at delivery, newborn resuscitation, exclusive breastfeeding, clean umbilical cord care, and/or management of infections. Apart from these conventional approaches, few innovative approaches have been developed to reduce neonatal mortality.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75935560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurophysiology of transformation through transcending","authors":"F. Travis, R. Wallace, A. Arenander, Ted Wallace","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.39.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.39.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83106159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Côte d’Ivoire avoided the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak","authors":"D. Coulibaly, E. Adjogoua, D. Chérif, Y. Traoré, A. K. N’gattia, J. Bénié, Bm Dosso, S. Dagnan","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75276906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol consumption reduction using opioid receptor antagonists","authors":"J. Guardia-Serecigni","doi":"10.32392/biomed.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.40","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76402543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Polyphenolic-food” Effects on Brain Health (Human Data review)","authors":"D’Angelo Stefania","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.65.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.65.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87007707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meal Frequency and Time - Restricted Feeding as Strategies for Reducing Metabolic Risk : a Review","authors":"R. Oke, A. Khadilkar, S. Chiplonkar","doi":"10.32392/BIOMED.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/BIOMED.56","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83554959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Reality in Psychiatry","authors":"E. Jung, Sung-Jung Eun, Seong-Jin Cho, H. Kim, Dong-Kyun Park","doi":"10.32392/biomed.55.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32392/biomed.55.1","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual Reality in the field of medicine is making a considerable progress in psychiatry. Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) in particular can serve as a preferable solution for PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress disorder) patients who avoids or finds retrieving image difficult. Relevant studies were reviewed to identify the pros and cons of virtual reality technology applied to psychiatry and to determine its medical effect.","PeriodicalId":93816,"journal":{"name":"SPG biomed","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73718802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}