Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.11.001
Shaofei Wang , Jingjing Li , Yulei Zhao
Collagen contributes to extracellular matrix formation and stiffness, providing a three-dimensional framework that supports the development and growth of solid tumors. By interacting with specific tumor cell receptors, collagen influences tumor cell signaling pathways, promoting cancer progression and drug resistance. Recent advancements in understanding the tumor extracellular matrix have underscored collagen's role in fostering an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and acting as a barrier to immunotherapy. Understanding the immunosuppressive mechanisms of collagen in the TME has revealed novel therapeutic targets and opportunities. This review highlights the immunoregulatory functions of collagen in the TME and provides a comprehensive overview of integrating collagen scores with traditional immunoscore-based immunotyping methods to enhance response prediction. Additionally, we discuss recent therapeutic developments in collagen targeting and their clinical potential for enhancing anti-cancer immunity.
{"title":"Targeting collagen in “armored and cold” tumors: Overcoming barriers to cancer therapy","authors":"Shaofei Wang , Jingjing Li , Yulei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collagen contributes to extracellular matrix formation and stiffness, providing a three-dimensional framework that supports the development and growth of solid tumors. By interacting with specific tumor cell receptors, collagen influences tumor cell signaling pathways, promoting cancer progression and drug resistance. Recent advancements in understanding the tumor extracellular matrix have underscored collagen's role in fostering an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and acting as a barrier to immunotherapy. Understanding the immunosuppressive mechanisms of collagen in the TME has revealed novel therapeutic targets and opportunities. This review highlights the immunoregulatory functions of collagen in the TME and provides a comprehensive overview of integrating collagen scores with traditional immunoscore-based immunotyping methods to enhance response prediction. Additionally, we discuss recent therapeutic developments in collagen targeting and their clinical potential for enhancing anti-cancer immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 5","pages":"Pages 383-391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.01.006
Peik Lin Teoh, Nurshafiqah Saini
Breast cancer metastasis and relapse remain uncontrollable despite significant advancements in early diagnosis and treatment, resulting in increased mortality. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and has become the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may play significant roles in tumor initiation, maintenance, invasion, relapse, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Although this small, highly heterogeneous, and restricted population of CSCs has been extensively studied, their cellular and molecular physiology remains unclear. Nonetheless, CSCs have increasingly become an attractive therapeutic target for combating advanced, treatment-resistant cancers. This necessitates the development of effective and reliable methods for their isolation and enrichment. This review provides an overview of the key characteristics of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and illustrates their role in therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, it highlights various mechanisms underlying cancer cell adaptability and therapy-induced resistance across different breast cancer subtypes. The commonly used methods for BCSC isolation and identification are also discussed, as they could facilitate a deeper understanding of tumorigenesis, metastasis, resistance, and relapse, consequently contributing to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.
{"title":"Biomarkers, isolation methods, and therapeutic implications of breast cancer stem cells","authors":"Peik Lin Teoh, Nurshafiqah Saini","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer metastasis and relapse remain uncontrollable despite significant advancements in early diagnosis and treatment, resulting in increased mortality. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and has become the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may play significant roles in tumor initiation, maintenance, invasion, relapse, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Although this small, highly heterogeneous, and restricted population of CSCs has been extensively studied, their cellular and molecular physiology remains unclear. Nonetheless, CSCs have increasingly become an attractive therapeutic target for combating advanced, treatment-resistant cancers. This necessitates the development of effective and reliable methods for their isolation and enrichment. This review provides an overview of the key characteristics of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) and illustrates their role in therapeutic resistance. Furthermore, it highlights various mechanisms underlying cancer cell adaptability and therapy-induced resistance across different breast cancer subtypes. The commonly used methods for BCSC isolation and identification are also discussed, as they could facilitate a deeper understanding of tumorigenesis, metastasis, resistance, and relapse, consequently contributing to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 5","pages":"Pages 392-401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.004
Yilu Gao , Baoqing Chen , Xingyuan Cheng , Shiliang LiuD , Qiaoqiao Li , Mian Xi
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are carbon-based chemicals characterized by high vapor pressure and low boiling points under standard temperature and pressure conditions. VOCs are categorized as exogenous or endogenous, depending on their source. Endogenous VOCs are metabolic byproducts eliminated via respiration. These compounds serve as indicators of human metabolic activity, reflecting differences in tumors compared to normal cell metabolism and the body's response to tumors. Examination of exhaled breath provides a noninvasive approach for assessing metabolic status by comparing VOC levels. Consequently, VOCs are increasingly studied as novel biomarkers for cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment efficacy prediction. This review outlines VOC production mechanisms, their presence in tumor types, detection methodologies, and their implications for tumor screening, diagnosis, and prognosis. Nonetheless, challenges remain in the utilization of VOCs for cancer diagnosis and predicting treatment outcomes. Furthermore, this review discusses unresolved issues requiring attention to improve malignant tumor assessment, providing insights into their diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
{"title":"Volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath: Applications in cancer diagnosis and predicting treatment efficacy","authors":"Yilu Gao , Baoqing Chen , Xingyuan Cheng , Shiliang LiuD , Qiaoqiao Li , Mian Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are carbon-based chemicals characterized by high vapor pressure and low boiling points under standard temperature and pressure conditions. VOCs are categorized as exogenous or endogenous, depending on their source. Endogenous VOCs are metabolic byproducts eliminated via respiration. These compounds serve as indicators of human metabolic activity, reflecting differences in tumors compared to normal cell metabolism and the body's response to tumors. Examination of exhaled breath provides a noninvasive approach for assessing metabolic status by comparing VOC levels. Consequently, VOCs are increasingly studied as novel biomarkers for cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment efficacy prediction. This review outlines VOC production mechanisms, their presence in tumor types, detection methodologies, and their implications for tumor screening, diagnosis, and prognosis. Nonetheless, challenges remain in the utilization of VOCs for cancer diagnosis and predicting treatment outcomes. Furthermore, this review discusses unresolved issues requiring attention to improve malignant tumor assessment, providing insights into their diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 5","pages":"Pages 411-419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.01.005
Yuankai Shi , Jianfang Sun , Huiping Sun , Mingzhi Zhang , Zhiming Li , Haifeng Zhao , Linna Xie , Wenrong Huang , Xiaojing Yan
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The health-related quality of life (HRQoL), economic burden, and diagnostic and treatment status of Chinese patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) remain largely unknown. This study assessed patient characteristics, HRQoL, and economic burden among Chinese patients with MF and SS through a cross-sectional survey.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years with a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of MF or SS and were either currently receiving or had received disease-specific treatment within the past year. Patients completed a paper-based quantitative survey covering four components: patient demographics, diagnosis and treatment journey, economic burden, and HRQoL instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between July 21, 2022, and October 24, 2022, 61 eligible patients participated in this study, of whom 91.8% (56/61) had MF and 8.2% (5/61) had SS. The total cost for patients with MF and SS was Chinese Yuan (CNY) 86,729 (US Dollar [USD] 12,425). The total cost for patients with early-stage disease was significantly lower than that for patients with advanced-stage disease (CNY 43,379 <em>vs</em>. 128,681, <em>P</em> < 0.001). The direct cost for MF and SS patients was CNY 72,467 (USD 10,382). The direct cost for patients with early-stage disease was significantly lower than that for patients with advanced-stage disease (CNY 29,018 <em>vs</em>. 114,514, <em>P</em> < 0.001). The direct medical cost for MF and SS patients was CNY 65,524 (USD 9387). The direct medical cost for patients with early-stage disease was significantly lower than that for patients with advanced-stage disease (CNY 23,069 <em>vs</em>. 106,609, <em>P</em> < 0.001). Regarding HRQoL, the mean (standard deviation [SD]) score of Chinese time trade-off values for 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L) health states was 0.79 (0.18) for all respondents. The mean utility score for advanced-stage patients was significantly lower than that of early-stage patients (advanced-stage: 0.73 [0.18] <em>vs.</em> early-stage: 0.84 [0.16], <em>P</em> = 0.010). On the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) scale, the mean (SD) score for all patients with MF or SS was 61.3 (12.4). Advanced-stage patients had lower mean scores than early-stage patients, indicating poorer HRQoL (early-stage: 65.50 [13.48] <em>vs</em>. advanced-stage: 57.26 [9.96], <em>P</em> = 0.009). For the Skindex-29 instrument, the mean (SD) score was 43.4 (24.2).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Chinese patients with MF or SS, especially advanced-stage patients, experience high economic burden and compromised HRQoL, which underscore the need for improved access to affordable treatments and supportive care measures to reduce the financial burden and enhance the well-being of these patients. Healthcare policies and interventions should prioritize early diagnosis and effective management to improve the treatment outcome a
{"title":"Economic burden and health-related quality of life in Chinese patients with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome","authors":"Yuankai Shi , Jianfang Sun , Huiping Sun , Mingzhi Zhang , Zhiming Li , Haifeng Zhao , Linna Xie , Wenrong Huang , Xiaojing Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The health-related quality of life (HRQoL), economic burden, and diagnostic and treatment status of Chinese patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) remain largely unknown. This study assessed patient characteristics, HRQoL, and economic burden among Chinese patients with MF and SS through a cross-sectional survey.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years with a pathologically confirmed diagnosis of MF or SS and were either currently receiving or had received disease-specific treatment within the past year. Patients completed a paper-based quantitative survey covering four components: patient demographics, diagnosis and treatment journey, economic burden, and HRQoL instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between July 21, 2022, and October 24, 2022, 61 eligible patients participated in this study, of whom 91.8% (56/61) had MF and 8.2% (5/61) had SS. The total cost for patients with MF and SS was Chinese Yuan (CNY) 86,729 (US Dollar [USD] 12,425). The total cost for patients with early-stage disease was significantly lower than that for patients with advanced-stage disease (CNY 43,379 <em>vs</em>. 128,681, <em>P</em> < 0.001). The direct cost for MF and SS patients was CNY 72,467 (USD 10,382). The direct cost for patients with early-stage disease was significantly lower than that for patients with advanced-stage disease (CNY 29,018 <em>vs</em>. 114,514, <em>P</em> < 0.001). The direct medical cost for MF and SS patients was CNY 65,524 (USD 9387). The direct medical cost for patients with early-stage disease was significantly lower than that for patients with advanced-stage disease (CNY 23,069 <em>vs</em>. 106,609, <em>P</em> < 0.001). Regarding HRQoL, the mean (standard deviation [SD]) score of Chinese time trade-off values for 5-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L) health states was 0.79 (0.18) for all respondents. The mean utility score for advanced-stage patients was significantly lower than that of early-stage patients (advanced-stage: 0.73 [0.18] <em>vs.</em> early-stage: 0.84 [0.16], <em>P</em> = 0.010). On the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) scale, the mean (SD) score for all patients with MF or SS was 61.3 (12.4). Advanced-stage patients had lower mean scores than early-stage patients, indicating poorer HRQoL (early-stage: 65.50 [13.48] <em>vs</em>. advanced-stage: 57.26 [9.96], <em>P</em> = 0.009). For the Skindex-29 instrument, the mean (SD) score was 43.4 (24.2).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Chinese patients with MF or SS, especially advanced-stage patients, experience high economic burden and compromised HRQoL, which underscore the need for improved access to affordable treatments and supportive care measures to reduce the financial burden and enhance the well-being of these patients. Healthcare policies and interventions should prioritize early diagnosis and effective management to improve the treatment outcome a","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 5","pages":"Pages 434-440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Weight management in overweight or obesity: Implications for cancer pathogenesis and prognosis","authors":"Yue Wang , Haitao Niu , Peng Lyu, Bing Liu, Junmin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 273-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.007
Yuxian Liu , He Ma , Xintong Wang , Isabelle Yang , Jingping Wang
{"title":"Immunomodulatory potential of dexmedetomidine in perioperative pain management for patients with cancer","authors":"Yuxian Liu , He Ma , Xintong Wang , Isabelle Yang , Jingping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 353-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.10.001
Micael N. Melo , Ricardo G. Amaral , Lucas R. Melo de Andrade , Patricia Severino , Cristina Blanco-Llamero , Luciana N. Andrade , Eliana B. Souto
Background
Cancer therapy has undergone significant advances in recent decades attributed to personalized medicine and targeted drug delivery. Among the promising approaches, the use of nano-based delivery systems has become a relevant approach capable of improving treatment by releasing antineoplastic drugs at the target site, improving therapeutic efficacy, minimizing cytotoxicity in healthy tissues, and ultimately, reducing the intensity of adverse effects of chemotherapy. This study prospectively evaluated the impact of formulating anti-neoplastic drugs as nanomedicines on clinical response, overall survival, safety, and quality of life of cancer patients, based on the outcomes of randomized clinical trials.
Methods
A literature review was carried out by systematically searching the PubMed/MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases for phase III clinical trials, comparing nanomedicines with conventional therapies for the treatment of various cancer types.
Results
The nanomedicines analyzed were those that are approved and used in Brazil, considering the country's emerging market for advanced cancer treatments. From a total of 303 articles found, 26 articles were selected for systematic review. Studies showed that PEGylated l-asparaginase achieved a similar therapeutic effect to that of l-asparaginase, with fewer applications due to its longer half-life. Paclitaxel bound to albumin improved therapeutic efficacy as well as reduced infusion time and solvent-related toxicity of the conventional paclitaxel formulation. PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin showed better pharmacokinetics, reduced cardiotoxicity, and improved quality of life in cancer patients compared to that of free doxorubicin.
Conclusions
This study reinforces the scientific evidence of the added value of nanomedicines to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxicity in patients under chemotherapy.
近几十年来，由于个性化医疗和靶向给药，癌症治疗取得了重大进展。在这些有前景的方法中，使用纳米为基础的递送系统已经成为一种相关的方法，能够通过在靶点释放抗肿瘤药物来改善治疗，提高治疗效果，最小化健康组织中的细胞毒性，并最终降低化疗不良反应的强度。本研究基于随机临床试验的结果，前瞻性地评估了抗肿瘤药物作为纳米药物对癌症患者临床反应、总体生存期、安全性和生活质量的影响。方法系统检索PubMed/MEDical literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online （MEDLINE）、abstracts Medica Database （EMBASE）和Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences literature （LILACS）数据库进行III期临床试验的文献综述，比较纳米药物与常规疗法治疗不同类型癌症的疗效。考虑到巴西是一个新兴的晚期癌症治疗市场，所分析的纳米药物是那些在巴西获得批准和使用的药物。从共发现的303篇文献中，选择26篇进行系统评价。研究表明，聚乙二醇化l-天冬酰胺酶与l-天冬酰胺酶具有相似的治疗效果，但由于其半衰期较长，应用较少。与传统紫杉醇制剂相比，紫杉醇与白蛋白结合提高了治疗效果，减少了输注时间和溶剂相关毒性。与游离阿霉素相比，聚乙二醇化脂质体阿霉素在癌症患者中表现出更好的药代动力学，降低心脏毒性，改善生活质量。结论本研究为纳米药物在化疗患者中提高疗效、降低毒副作用的附加价值提供了科学依据。
{"title":"An overview of randomized phase III clinical trials of cancer nanomedicines","authors":"Micael N. Melo , Ricardo G. Amaral , Lucas R. Melo de Andrade , Patricia Severino , Cristina Blanco-Llamero , Luciana N. Andrade , Eliana B. Souto","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer therapy has undergone significant advances in recent decades attributed to personalized medicine and targeted drug delivery. Among the promising approaches, the use of nano-based delivery systems has become a relevant approach capable of improving treatment by releasing antineoplastic drugs at the target site, improving therapeutic efficacy, minimizing cytotoxicity in healthy tissues, and ultimately, reducing the intensity of adverse effects of chemotherapy. This study prospectively evaluated the impact of formulating anti-neoplastic drugs as nanomedicines on clinical response, overall survival, safety, and quality of life of cancer patients, based on the outcomes of randomized clinical trials.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature review was carried out by systematically searching the PubMed/MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases for phase III clinical trials, comparing nanomedicines with conventional therapies for the treatment of various cancer types.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The nanomedicines analyzed were those that are approved and used in Brazil, considering the country's emerging market for advanced cancer treatments. From a total of 303 articles found, 26 articles were selected for systematic review. Studies showed that PEGylated <span>l</span>-asparaginase achieved a similar therapeutic effect to that of <span>l</span>-asparaginase, with fewer applications due to its longer half-life. Paclitaxel bound to albumin improved therapeutic efficacy as well as reduced infusion time and solvent-related toxicity of the conventional paclitaxel formulation. PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin showed better pharmacokinetics, reduced cardiotoxicity, and improved quality of life in cancer patients compared to that of free doxorubicin.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study reinforces the scientific evidence of the added value of nanomedicines to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxicity in patients under chemotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 322-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2024-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.005
Wirote Lausoontornsiri , Chek Kun Tan , Dimple Rajgor , Yew Chung Tang
{"title":"Capmatinib treatment in a patient with osimertinib-resistant NSCLC harboring two distinct MET alterations revealed by tissue-based NGS testing","authors":"Wirote Lausoontornsiri , Chek Kun Tan , Dimple Rajgor , Yew Chung Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 357-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.003
Tengfei Zhang , Kang Cui , Xiaodan Liu , Yikai Han , Lin Li , Jinhui Xie , Xiangwen Dong , Yuhan Bao , Shengju Ren , Ziwen Lei , Pu Yu , Huan Zhao , Yabing Du , Wang Ma
Background
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer and the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. Camrelizumab, a monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated moderate efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Lactobacillus paracasei, a probiotic bacterium, has a complementary effect in immunotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the combination of camrelizumab and L. paracasei for advanced ESCC.
Methods
This single-arm, single-center, exploratory trial was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. Eligible patients received 200 mg camrelizumab biweekly and two bags of L. paracasei twice daily. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs).
Results
From May 2020 to October 2022, ten patients with advanced ESCC who did not respond to first-line therapy were admitted. At the data cutoff date (August 9, 2023), the median follow-up duration was 12 months. Two of 10 (20%) achieved objective responses. The median survival was 7.5 months and the median OS was not reached. Grade 3 treatment-related AEs occurred in two of the 10 patients (20%). No serious treatment-related AEs or deaths occurred.
Conclusions
Camrelizumab combined with L. paracasei showed favorable anticancer activity and may be a viable second-line treatment for patients with ESCC.
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab plus Lacticaseibacillus paracasei in the treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A single-arm, single-center, exploratory trial","authors":"Tengfei Zhang , Kang Cui , Xiaodan Liu , Yikai Han , Lin Li , Jinhui Xie , Xiangwen Dong , Yuhan Bao , Shengju Ren , Ziwen Lei , Pu Yu , Huan Zhao , Yabing Du , Wang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Esophageal cancer (EC) is the seventh most prevalent cancer and the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortalities worldwide. Camrelizumab, a monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated moderate efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). <em>Lactobacillus paracasei</em>, a probiotic bacterium, has a complementary effect in immunotherapy. This study aimed to evaluate the combination of camrelizumab and <em>L. paracasei</em> for advanced ESCC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-arm, single-center, exploratory trial was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China. Eligible patients received 200 mg camrelizumab biweekly and two bags of <em>L. paracasei</em> twice daily. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse events (AEs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From May 2020 to October 2022, ten patients with advanced ESCC who did not respond to first-line therapy were admitted. At the data cutoff date (August 9, 2023), the median follow-up duration was 12 months. Two of 10 (20%) achieved objective responses. The median survival was 7.5 months and the median OS was not reached. Grade 3 treatment-related AEs occurred in two of the 10 patients (20%). No serious treatment-related AEs or deaths occurred.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Camrelizumab combined with <em>L. paracasei</em> showed favorable anticancer activity and may be a viable second-line treatment for patients with ESCC.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>ChiCTR2000032093, <span><span>https://www.chictr.org.cn</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01Epub Date: 2024-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.11.003
Uddalak Das , Soupayan Banerjee , Meghna Sarkar , Fathah Muhammad L , Tanveen Kaur Soni , Madhumita Saha , Gayatri Pradhan , Bhaskarjyaa Chatterjee
Circular ribonucleic acid (circRNA) vaccines have emerged as a revolutionary strategy in cancer immunotherapy, facilitating novel approaches to induce robust and durable immune responses. Unlike traditional linear messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, circRNAs exhibit exceptional stability, enhanced translational efficiency, and resistance to exonuclease degradation, making them ideal candidates for vaccine development. This review delved into the fundamental principles underlying circRNA biology, highlighting their unique structural advantages and translational potential. We examined recent advancements in circRNA vaccine design, focusing on their application in oncology. As the circRNA-based cancer vaccine is a relatively novel technology, findings from all the major studies describing its efficacy were discussed. We further investigated their combination with other immunotherapeutic modalities, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies, that ensure the maximal anticancer effects of circRNA vaccines. Large-scale manufacturing, immunogenicity optimization, delivery systems, and other challenges and future directions in this field were also discussed. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the state-of-the-art and potential future applications of circRNA vaccines in cancer immunotherapy, highlighting them as exciting possibilities for next-generation cancer therapies.
{"title":"Circular RNA vaccines: Pioneering the next-gen cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Uddalak Das , Soupayan Banerjee , Meghna Sarkar , Fathah Muhammad L , Tanveen Kaur Soni , Madhumita Saha , Gayatri Pradhan , Bhaskarjyaa Chatterjee","doi":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpt.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circular ribonucleic acid (circRNA) vaccines have emerged as a revolutionary strategy in cancer immunotherapy, facilitating novel approaches to induce robust and durable immune responses. Unlike traditional linear messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines, circRNAs exhibit exceptional stability, enhanced translational efficiency, and resistance to exonuclease degradation, making them ideal candidates for vaccine development. This review delved into the fundamental principles underlying circRNA biology, highlighting their unique structural advantages and translational potential. We examined recent advancements in circRNA vaccine design, focusing on their application in oncology. As the circRNA-based cancer vaccine is a relatively novel technology, findings from all the major studies describing its efficacy were discussed. We further investigated their combination with other immunotherapeutic modalities, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies, that ensure the maximal anticancer effects of circRNA vaccines. Large-scale manufacturing, immunogenicity optimization, delivery systems, and other challenges and future directions in this field were also discussed. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the state-of-the-art and potential future applications of circRNA vaccines in cancer immunotherapy, highlighting them as exciting possibilities for next-generation cancer therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":93920,"journal":{"name":"Cancer pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"3 4","pages":"Pages 309-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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