Cancer pathogenesis and therapy最新文献

英文中文

Advanced molecular diagnostics: Driving precision in hematological malignancies 先进分子诊断：驱动血液恶性肿瘤的精确性

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.09.001

Li Bao, Xuechun Lu, Yaozhu Pan

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab biosimilar SIBP04 compared with bevacizumab (Avastin®) as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial 贝伐单抗生物类似药SIBP04与贝伐单抗（阿瓦斯汀®）作为局部晚期或转移性非鳞状非小细胞肺癌一线治疗的疗效和安全性：一项随机、双盲、3期试验

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.01.001

Yuankai Shi , Minghong Bi , Qingshan Li , Guolei Wang , Jianhua Chen , Mingjun Li , Jianhua Shi , Jiazhuan Mei , Yinghua Ji , Qingdi Xia , Yuanqing Feng , Shufeng Xu , Tongmei Zhang , Xiaohui Gao , Shubin Tang , Jie Weng , Zhuo Cao , Hongbo Wu , Xiubao Ren , Hua Xie , Sheng Yang

Background

SIBP04 is a biosimilar of bevacizumab (Avastin®, Roche, Basel, Switzerland). This study evaluated the equivalence of SIBP04 to Avastin® as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (nsqNSCLC).

Methods

In this randomized, double-blind, multi-center, phase 3 trial, we recruited patients with locally advanced or metastatic nsqNSCLC from 58 hospitals at China. Patients were randomly allocated 1:1 to receive SIBP04 or Avastin® (15 mg/kg) combined with paclitaxel (175 mg/m²) and carboplatin (area under curve [AUC] = 5.0, no more than 800 mg) (PC) regimens intravenously (3-week cycles, up to six cycles) followed by SIBP04 maintenance therapy. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR), defined as the best overall response from the first dose to the 18th week, assessed by the independent review committee (IRC) according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. Clinical equivalence of the primary endpoint was done by comparing the two-sided 90% confidence interval (CI) of the ORR ratio (SIBP04 plus PC vs. Avastin® plus PC) in the per-protocol set (PPS) populaiton with the prespecified equivalence margin of 0.75–1.33. Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, disease control rate, safety, immunogenicity, and pharmacological bioequivalence of steady-state trough concentrations.

Results

From April 17, 2020, to April 20, 2021, 517 patients were randomly assigned to receive SIBP04 plus PC (n = 259) or Avastin® plus PC (n = 258). The ORR of the SIBP04 plus PC group was 55.6% (95% CI, 49.3–61.8) and that of the Avastin® plus PC group was 59.3% (95% CI, 53.0–65.4) in the full analysis set (FAS) population (P = 0. 3944). The ORR of the SIBP04 plus PC group was 62.6% (95% CI, 55.8–69.0) and that of the Avastin® plus PC group was 64.7% (95% CI, 58.0–71.0) in the PPS population (P = 0.6448). The ORR ratio (SIBP04 plus PC vs. Avastin® plus PC) was 0.94 (90% CI, 0.8270–1.0621) in the FAS population and 0.97 (90% CI, 0.8578–1.0900) in the PPS population, respectively, both within the prespecified equivalence margin of 0.75–1.33. Other efficacy endpoints, safety, immunogenicity, and pharmacokinetics were all comparable across the groups.

Conclusions

SIBP04 showed equivalent efficacy and safety profile to Avastin® in patients with locally advanced or metastatic nsqNSCLC. SIBP04 plus PC regimen will offer an alternative first-line treatment option for this patient population.

Trial registration

Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05318443.

sibp04是贝伐单抗（Avastin®，Roche, Basel, Switzerland）的生物仿制药。本研究评估了SIBP04与Avastin®作为局部晚期或转移性非鳞状非小细胞肺癌（nsqNSCLC）一线治疗的等效性。在这项随机、双盲、多中心、3期试验中，我们招募了来自中国58家医院的局部晚期或转移性nsqNSCLC患者。患者按1:1随机分配，接受SIBP04或Avastin®（15 mg/kg）联合紫杉醇（175 mg/m2）和卡铂（曲线下面积[AUC] = 5.0，不超过800 mg）（PC）静脉注射方案（3周周期，最多6个周期），随后接受SIBP04维持治疗。主要终点是客观缓解率（ORR），定义为从第一次给药到第18周的最佳总体缓解，由独立审查委员会（IRC）根据实体瘤反应评估标准（RECIST） 1.1版评估。主要终点的临床等效性是通过比较每个方案集（PPS）人群中ORR比率（SIBP04 + PC vs. Avastin®+ PC）的双侧90%置信区间（CI）来实现的，其预先规定的等效范围为0.75-1.33。次要终点包括无进展生存期、总生存期、反应持续时间、疾病控制率、安全性、免疫原性和稳态谷浓度的药理学生物等效性。结果从2020年4月17日至2021年4月20日，517例患者随机分配接受SIBP04 + PC （n = 259）或Avastin®+ PC （n = 258）治疗。在全分析集（FAS）人群中，SIBP04 + PC组的ORR为55.6% (95% CI, 49.3-61.8)， Avastin + PC组的ORR为59.3% (95% CI, 53.0-65.4) (P = 0。3944)。SIBP04 + PC组在PPS人群中的ORR为62.6% (95% CI, 55.8-69.0)， Avastin + PC组的ORR为64.7% (95% CI, 58.0-71.0) （P = 0.6448）。FAS人群的ORR比（SIBP04 + PC vs. Avastin®+ PC）分别为0.94 （90% CI, 0.8270-1.0621）和0.97 (90% CI, 0.8578-1.0900)，均在预定的0.75-1.33等效范围内。其他疗效终点、安全性、免疫原性和药代动力学在各组间均具有可比性。结论sibp04在局部晚期或转移性nsqNSCLC患者中具有与阿瓦斯汀相同的疗效和安全性。SIBP04 + PC方案将为这类患者提供另一种一线治疗选择。临床试验注册：clinicaltrials .gov，标识符NCT05318443。

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引用次数: 0

Expert consensus on a multidisciplinary approach for the management of multiple myeloma-related bone disease 多学科治疗多发性骨髓瘤相关骨病的专家共识

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.12.002

Yutong Wang , Qiming Xu , Yuan Li , Yongbin Su , Ling Wang , Xiaoquan Wang , Jian Ge , Hongmei Jing , Yuxing Guo , Yalin Chen , Xianan Li , Jun-ling Zhuang , Jing Tan , Xiaobo Wang , Liye Zhong , Jun Luo , Peng Zhao , Shengjin Fan , Jinhai Ren , Haiping Yang , Li Bao

This consensus on multiple myeloma-related bone diseases (MBDs) underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses hematology, radiology, orthopedics, and additional specialties to tackle its intricate challenges. MBD, a prevalent and debilitating complication of multiple myeloma, leads to bone pain, fractures, and skeletal-related events (SREs), which profoundly impact patients’ quality of life. The guidelines offer a thorough framework for diagnosis, treatment, and continual assessment, emphasizing early detection and consistent monitoring using imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment strategies prioritize the careful application of anti-myeloma agents, bisphosphonates, and denosumab to minimize bone loss and decrease SRE risk, complemented by surgical and radiotherapy interventions for structural or pain-related issues. Supportive care measures, including pain management, rehabilitation, nutritional support, and dental evaluations, play a crucial role in enhancing patient outcomes and preserving quality of life. This consensus advocates a standardized, evidence-based approach to managing MBD, ensuring comprehensive and coordinated care for patients.

关于多发性骨髓瘤相关骨病（MBDs）的共识强调了多学科方法的重要性，包括血液学、放射学、骨科和其他专业来解决其复杂的挑战。MBD是多发性骨髓瘤的一种常见且衰弱的并发症，可导致骨痛、骨折和骨骼相关事件（SREs），严重影响患者的生活质量。该指南为诊断、治疗和持续评估提供了一个全面的框架，强调使用成像技术（如正电子发射断层扫描-计算机断层扫描（PET-CT）和磁共振成像（MRI））进行早期检测和持续监测。治疗策略优先考虑谨慎使用抗骨髓瘤药物、双膦酸盐和地诺单抗，以减少骨质流失和降低SRE风险，并辅以手术和放疗干预，以解决结构或疼痛相关问题。支持性护理措施，包括疼痛管理、康复、营养支持和牙科评估，在提高患者预后和保持生活质量方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这一共识提倡一种标准化的、以证据为基础的方法来管理MBD，确保对患者进行全面和协调的护理。

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引用次数: 0

Cover 封面

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/S2949-7132(25)00066-7

引用次数: 0

From bench to bedside: Advancements in urological oncology 从实验室到床边：泌尿肿瘤学的进展

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2024.09.004

Shaoxi Niu, Yaoguang Zhang, Hai Huang, Xin Ma

引用次数: 0

Lighting the path against cancer with academic light: Forty years of growth with the Chinese Medical Association—Celebrating the 110th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Medical Association 用学术之光照亮抗癌之路：与中华医学会共成长四十年——庆祝中华医学会成立110周年

IF 2.8

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.06.006

Yuankai Shi

引用次数: 0

Re: Nomogram for predicting the risk and prognosis of lung metastasis of four subtypes of breast cancer: A population-based study from SEER 预测四种亚型乳腺癌肺转移风险和预后的Nomogram：一项来自SEER的基于人群的研究

IF 2.8

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.06.005

Maryam Muhammad Akram , Junaid Mehmood Malik , Muhammad Ahsan

引用次数: 0

Mevalonate pathway in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Mechanisms driving metabolic and cellular plasticity 甲羟戊酸途径在胰腺导管腺癌中的作用：驱动代谢和细胞可塑性的机制

IF 2.8

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.06.004

Jenna N. Duttenhefner, Katie M. Reindl

The mevalonate pathway plays a crucial role in the metabolic reprogramming of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), driving lipid biosynthesis, redox homeostasis, and oncogenic signaling, thereby sustaining tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Its integration with Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)-driven signaling networks establishes it as a cornerstone of PDAC biology and a promising therapeutic target. The products of the pathway (sterols and isoprenoids) support key processes such as membrane biogenesis, protein prenylation, and immune evasion, facilitating tumor adaptation to the harsh microenvironment. Despite extensive research, therapeutic resistance and metabolic plasticity present considerable challenges in targeting this pathway. This review synthesizes current knowledge regarding the biochemical regulation of the mevalonate pathway in PDAC, its crosstalk with key oncogenic signaling networks, and emerging therapeutic strategies. In addition, we highlight critical knowledge gaps, including the complex regulatory crosstalk of the pathway with oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and nutrient-sensing pathways, and the mechanisms by which metabolic rewiring modulates tumor–immune interactions and therapy resistance. By integrating insights from pre-clinical and clinical studies, we highlighted promising novel combination therapies, including statins, bisphosphonates, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitors, as well as the potential for precision medicine approaches targeting mevalonate pathway vulnerabilities. Addressing these challenges may provide new avenues for improving therapeutic outcomes in PDAC.

甲羟丙酸途径在胰腺导管腺癌（pancreatic ductal adencarcinoma， PDAC）的代谢重编程、驱动脂质生物合成、氧化还原稳态和致癌信号传导中起着至关重要的作用，从而维持肿瘤进展和治疗耐药性。它与Kirsten大鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源（KRAS）驱动的信号网络的整合使其成为PDAC生物学的基石和一个有前景的治疗靶点。该途径的产物（固醇和类异戊二烯）支持关键过程，如膜生物发生、蛋白质戊酰化和免疫逃避，促进肿瘤适应恶劣的微环境。尽管有广泛的研究，但治疗耐药性和代谢可塑性对靶向这一途径提出了相当大的挑战。本文综述了PDAC中甲羟戊酸途径的生化调控、其与关键致癌信号网络的串扰以及新兴的治疗策略。此外，我们强调了关键的知识空白，包括与癌基因、肿瘤抑制因子和营养感应途径的复杂调控串扰，以及代谢重布线调节肿瘤免疫相互作用和治疗耐药性的机制。通过整合临床前和临床研究的见解，我们强调了有前景的新型联合疗法，包括他汀类药物、双膦酸盐和甾醇调节元件结合蛋白（SREBP）抑制剂，以及针对甲羟戊酸途径脆弱性的精准医学方法的潜力。解决这些挑战可能为改善PDAC的治疗结果提供新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the biological features and improved diagnostics of adult acute myeloid leukemia via fusion genes identified through targeted next-generation sequencing 通过靶向下一代测序鉴定的融合基因，深入了解成人急性髓性白血病的生物学特征和改进的诊断

IF 2.8

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.06.003

Wei Guan , Ketao Wang , Yangliu Shao , Lei Zhou , Nan Wang , Wei Zhou , Maoquan Wang , Lili Wang , Yu Jing , Yonghui Li , Daihong Liu , Li Yu

Background

Fusion genes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study investigated the utility of targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of RNA for detecting rare and unknown fusion genes in patients with AML.

Methods

A total of 85 adult AML samples previously identified as fusion gene-negative by multiplex nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were subjected to NGS analysis.

Results

Fusion genes were detected in 21 of 72 (29.2%) patients. Among the 26 primary refractory patients, 11 (42.3%) exhibited fusion genes, whereas among the 18 relapsed patients, fusion genes were identified in five (27.8%). Notably, KMT2A and NUP98 rearrangements were enriched in refractory/relapsed patients. Additionally, recurrent fusion transcripts involving EIF4A1 were observed. The identification of additional fusion genes resulted in an approximate 20.8% (11/53) reclassification of medium-risk karyotypes to the high-risk category, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions

Targeted NGS may complement conventional methods for identifying novel fusions in refractory/relapsed AML; however, its prognostic utility requires verification in controlled trials.

融合基因在急性髓性白血病（AML）的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。本研究探讨了靶向下一代RNA测序（NGS）在AML患者中检测罕见和未知融合基因的应用。方法对85例经多重巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）鉴定为融合基因阴性的成人AML样本进行NGS分析。结果72例患者中检出融合基因21例（29.2%）。在26例原发性难治性患者中，11例（42.3%）表现出融合基因，而在18例复发患者中，5例（27.8%）表现出融合基因。值得注意的是，KMT2A和NUP98重排在难治性/复发患者中富集。此外，还观察到涉及EIF4A1的复发性融合转录本。额外融合基因的鉴定导致约20.8%（11/53）的中危核型重新分类到高危类别，从而提高了诊断的准确性。结论靶向NGS可作为鉴定难治性/复发性AML新融合物的传统方法的补充；然而，其预后效用需要在对照试验中验证。

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引用次数: 0

Can probiotic-rich yogurt help prevent colorectal cancer in humans? 富含益生菌的酸奶能预防人类结直肠癌吗？

IF 2.8

Cancer pathogenesis and therapy

Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2025.06.002

Biplab Adhikari

引用次数: 0

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