Background: The aim of this study was to accurately locate the neural fascicle controlling hand movement in the upper arm, to enhance expression of motor intention after targeted muscle reinnervation.
Methods: The right sides of the median, ulnar and radial nerves were dissected from distal to proximal in 6 fresh cadaver specimens. The sectional location and diameter of the functional fascicle were measured at 10 and 20 cm below the acromion. The diameter of the main muscle branches of muscle reinnervation target muscles was measured.
Results: The median nerve branch of finger and wrist flexion was mainly located between the 9 and 12 o'clock positions in the plane 10 and 20 cm below the acromion, where the diameter of the nerve fascicle was 2.07 and 2.04 mm, respectively. The ulnar nerve branch of finger and wrist flexion was mainly located between the 8 and 12 o'clock positions, with a diameter of respectively 1.80 and 1.99 mm. The radial branch of finger and wrist extension was mainly located between the 10 and 2 o'clock positions in the plane 10 cm below the acromion and between 6 and 12 o'clock in the plane 20 cm below the acromion, with a diameter of respectively 2.57 and 3.03 mm.
Conclusions: The nerve fascicles innervating the flexor and extensor fingers were distributed in relatively constant regions of the median, ulnar and radial nerve trunks, and their diameters closely matched the muscle branches of the target muscle.
{"title":"Targeted Muscle Reinnervation in the Upper Arm: A Functional Anatomical Study.","authors":"Feng Li, Yong Yang, Bin Li, Mengqi Cao, Qipei Wei, Weiguang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2024.101782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2024.101782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to accurately locate the neural fascicle controlling hand movement in the upper arm, to enhance expression of motor intention after targeted muscle reinnervation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The right sides of the median, ulnar and radial nerves were dissected from distal to proximal in 6 fresh cadaver specimens. The sectional location and diameter of the functional fascicle were measured at 10 and 20 cm below the acromion. The diameter of the main muscle branches of muscle reinnervation target muscles was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median nerve branch of finger and wrist flexion was mainly located between the 9 and 12 o'clock positions in the plane 10 and 20 cm below the acromion, where the diameter of the nerve fascicle was 2.07 and 2.04 mm, respectively. The ulnar nerve branch of finger and wrist flexion was mainly located between the 8 and 12 o'clock positions, with a diameter of respectively 1.80 and 1.99 mm. The radial branch of finger and wrist extension was mainly located between the 10 and 2 o'clock positions in the plane 10 cm below the acromion and between 6 and 12 o'clock in the plane 20 cm below the acromion, with a diameter of respectively 2.57 and 3.03 mm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nerve fascicles innervating the flexor and extensor fingers were distributed in relatively constant regions of the median, ulnar and radial nerve trunks, and their diameters closely matched the muscle branches of the target muscle.</p>","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"101782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.04.527050
Vanessa Yu, Fiona Yong, Angellica Marta, Sanjay Khadayate, Adrien Osakwe, Supriyo Bhattacharya, Sneha S Varghese, Pauline Chabosseau, Sayed M Tabibi, Keran Chen, Eleni Georgiadou, Nazia Parveen, Mara Suleiman, Zoe Stamoulis, Lorella Marselli, Carmela De Luca, Marta Tesi, Giada Ostinelli, Luis Delgadillo-Silva, Xiwei Wu, Yuki Hatanaka, Alex Montoya, James Elliott, Bhavik Patel, Nikita Demchenko, Chad Whilding, Petra Hajkova, Pavel Shliaha, Holger Kramer, Yusuf Ali, Piero Marchetti, Robert Sladek, Sangeeta Dhawan, Dominic J Withers, Guy A Rutter, Steven J Millership
Aims/hypothesis: Beta cells within the pancreatic islet represent a heterogenous population wherein individual sub-groups of cells make distinct contributions to the overall control of insulin secretion. These include a subpopulation of highly-connected 'hub' cells, important for the propagation of intercellular Ca2+ waves. Functional subpopulations have also been demonstrated in human beta cells, with an altered subtype distribution apparent in type 2 diabetes. At present, the molecular mechanisms through which beta cell hierarchy is established are poorly understood. Changes at the level of the epigenome provide one such possibility which we explore here by focussing on the imprinted gene neuronatin (Nnat), which is required for normal insulin synthesis and secretion.
Methods: Single cell RNA-seq datasets were examined using Seurat 4.0 and ClusterProfiler running under R. Transgenic mice expressing eGFP under the control of the Nnat enhancer/promoter regions were generated for fluorescence-activated cell (FAC) sorting of beta cells and downstream analysis of CpG methylation by bisulphite and RNA sequencing, respectively. Animals deleted for the de novo methyltransferase, DNMT3A from the pancreatic progenitor stage were used to explore control of promoter methylation. Proteomics was performed using affinity purification mass spectrometry and Ca2+ dynamics explored by rapid confocal imaging of Cal-520 and Cal-590. Insulin secretion was measured using Homogeneous Time Resolved Fluorescence Imaging.
Results: Nnat mRNA was differentially expressed in a discrete beta cell population in a developmental stage- and DNA methylation (DNMT3A)-dependent manner. Thus, pseudo-time analysis of embryonic data sets demonstrated the early establishment of Nnat-positive and negative subpopulations during embryogenesis. NNAT expression is also restricted to a subset of beta cells across the human islet that is maintained throughout adult life. NNAT+ beta cells also displayed a discrete transcriptome at adult stages, representing a sub-population specialised for insulin production, reminiscent of recently-described "βHI" cells and were diminished in db/db mice. 'Hub' cells were less abundant in the NNAT+ population, consistent with epigenetic control of this functional specialization.
Conclusions/interpretation: These findings demonstrate that differential DNA methylation at Nnat represents a novel means through which beta cell heterogeneity is established during development. We therefore hypothesise that changes in methylation at this locus may thus contribute to a loss of beta cell hierarchy and connectivity, potentially contributing to defective insulin secretion in some forms of diabetes.
{"title":"Differential CpG methylation at <i>Nnat</i> in the early establishment of beta cell heterogeneity.","authors":"Vanessa Yu, Fiona Yong, Angellica Marta, Sanjay Khadayate, Adrien Osakwe, Supriyo Bhattacharya, Sneha S Varghese, Pauline Chabosseau, Sayed M Tabibi, Keran Chen, Eleni Georgiadou, Nazia Parveen, Mara Suleiman, Zoe Stamoulis, Lorella Marselli, Carmela De Luca, Marta Tesi, Giada Ostinelli, Luis Delgadillo-Silva, Xiwei Wu, Yuki Hatanaka, Alex Montoya, James Elliott, Bhavik Patel, Nikita Demchenko, Chad Whilding, Petra Hajkova, Pavel Shliaha, Holger Kramer, Yusuf Ali, Piero Marchetti, Robert Sladek, Sangeeta Dhawan, Dominic J Withers, Guy A Rutter, Steven J Millership","doi":"10.1101/2023.02.04.527050","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.02.04.527050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims/hypothesis: </strong>Beta cells within the pancreatic islet represent a heterogenous population wherein individual sub-groups of cells make distinct contributions to the overall control of insulin secretion. These include a subpopulation of highly-connected 'hub' cells, important for the propagation of intercellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> waves. Functional subpopulations have also been demonstrated in human beta cells, with an altered subtype distribution apparent in type 2 diabetes. At present, the molecular mechanisms through which beta cell hierarchy is established are poorly understood. Changes at the level of the epigenome provide one such possibility which we explore here by focussing on the imprinted gene neuronatin (<i>Nnat</i>), which is required for normal insulin synthesis and secretion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single cell RNA-seq datasets were examined using Seurat 4.0 and ClusterProfiler running under R. Transgenic mice expressing eGFP under the control of the <i>Nnat</i> enhancer/promoter regions were generated for fluorescence-activated cell (FAC) sorting of beta cells and downstream analysis of CpG methylation by bisulphite and RNA sequencing, respectively. Animals deleted for the de novo methyltransferase, DNMT3A from the pancreatic progenitor stage were used to explore control of promoter methylation. Proteomics was performed using affinity purification mass spectrometry and Ca<sup>2+</sup> dynamics explored by rapid confocal imaging of Cal-520 and Cal-590. Insulin secretion was measured using Homogeneous Time Resolved Fluorescence Imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Nnat</i> mRNA was differentially expressed in a discrete beta cell population in a developmental stage- and DNA methylation (DNMT3A)-dependent manner. Thus, pseudo-time analysis of embryonic data sets demonstrated the early establishment of <i>Nnat</i>-positive and negative subpopulations during embryogenesis. NNAT expression is also restricted to a subset of beta cells across the human islet that is maintained throughout adult life. NNAT<sup>+</sup> beta cells also displayed a discrete transcriptome at adult stages, representing a sub-population specialised for insulin production, reminiscent of recently-described \"β<sub>HI</sub>\" cells and were diminished in <i>db/db</i> mice. 'Hub' cells were less abundant in the NNAT<sup>+</sup> population, consistent with epigenetic control of this functional specialization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/interpretation: </strong>These findings demonstrate that differential DNA methylation at <i>Nnat</i> represents a novel means through which beta cell heterogeneity is established during development. We therefore hypothesise that changes in methylation at this locus may thus contribute to a loss of beta cell hierarchy and connectivity, potentially contributing to defective insulin secretion in some forms of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10705251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82487063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.102
G. Caruso, Laura Martini, S. Sargenti, A. Vitali
{"title":"Surgical treatment of the mallet fracture: Open or percutaneous procedure?","authors":"G. Caruso, Laura Martini, S. Sargenti, A. Vitali","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43226124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.110
G. Herzberg, M. Burnier, Lyliane Ly
{"title":"Intérêt de l’arthroscopie du poignet dans la prise en charge du syndrome d’Essex Lopresti au stade aigu","authors":"G. Herzberg, M. Burnier, Lyliane Ly","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41610827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.233
V. Oca, Maxime Debailleul, Charles Hustin, P. Duriez, d’Almeida Marc-Antoine, P. Laronde
{"title":"Conception d’une prothèse de pouce mixte, thermoformée et impression 3D pour les patients amputés","authors":"V. Oca, Maxime Debailleul, Charles Hustin, P. Duriez, d’Almeida Marc-Antoine, P. Laronde","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45250410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.152
J. Brunet, A. Petit, J. Jeudy, E. Maugendre, Y. S. Cast, N. Bigorre
{"title":"Comparaison de l’auto-évaluation et évaluation dans l’apprentissage de la microchirurgie: Une étude rétrospective comparative dans une cohorte d’étudiants en microchirurgie","authors":"J. Brunet, A. Petit, J. Jeudy, E. Maugendre, Y. S. Cast, N. Bigorre","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.152","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48023535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.185
M. Boukredera, M. Khenfri, A. Benhabiles
{"title":"Enucléation antéro-médiale du scaphoïde carpien sur une fracture luxation trans stylo-rétrolunaire: A propos d’un cas","authors":"M. Boukredera, M. Khenfri, A. Benhabiles","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.185","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47138673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.149
Romain Baillot, S. Durand
{"title":"Longitudinal split tear with intratendinous gap of the extensor digiti minimi","authors":"Romain Baillot, S. Durand","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44280903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.238
J. Rouzaud
{"title":"Etude préliminaire: Orthèse courte suite à lésions de fléchisseurs","authors":"J. Rouzaud","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.238","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45972238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.150
Pierluigi Tos, Alessandro Crosio, Maro Magnani, E. Barberini, Letizia Marenghi, Sergio De Santis, Simona Odella
{"title":"La greffe vascularisée du condyle fémoral médial pour le traitement de la pseudarthrose et de la nécrose osseuse du membre supérieur: Notre expérience sur 28 cas","authors":"Pierluigi Tos, Alessandro Crosio, Maro Magnani, E. Barberini, Letizia Marenghi, Sergio De Santis, Simona Odella","doi":"10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hansur.2022.09.150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94023,"journal":{"name":"Hand surgery & rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46121485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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