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Antimicrobial Resistance and the Prevalence of the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Gene among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Lithuania. 立陶宛金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株的抗菌药耐药性和 Panton-Valentine Leukocidin 基因的流行情况。
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2024-003
Agnė Kirkliauskienė, Jonas Kriščiūnas, Jolanta Miciulevičienė, Daiva Radzišauskienė, Tomas Kačergius, Maksim Bratchikov, Lina Kaplerienė

This study aimed to determine resistance to antimicrobials of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from clinical specimens in Lithuanian hospitals and to identify the genes conferring resistance and virulence. The study was carried out from June 2019 to September 2021. S. aureus strains were isolated from skin, soft tissues, blood, lower respiratory tract, urine and other specimens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disc diffusion method according to EUCAST guidelines. All isolates were analyzed for detection of the ermA, ermC, mecA, mecC, tetK, tetM, and lukF-PV genes by multiplex real-time PCR. The 16S rRNA coding sequence was applied as an internal PCR control. Altogether, 745 S. aureus strains were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all isolates were susceptible to rifampin and vancomycin. Of the 745 strains, 94.8% were susceptible to tetracycline, 94.5% to clindamycin, and 88.3% to erythromycin. The lowest susceptibility rate was found for penicillin (25.8%). Six percent of the tested strains were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The majority of methicillin-resistant strains were isolated from skin and soft tissues (73.3%), with a smaller portion isolated from blood (17.8%) and respiratory tract (8.9%). The ermC gene was detected in 41.1% of erythromycin-resistant S. aureus strains, whereas ermA was detected in 32.2% of erythromycin-resistant S. aureus strains. 69.2% of tetracycline-resistant S. aureus strains had tetK gene, and 28.2% had tetM gene. 7.3% of S. aureus isolates harbored lukF-PV gene. The frequency of the pvl gene detection was significantly higher in MRSA isolates than in methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates (p < 0.0001).

本研究旨在确定从立陶宛医院临床标本中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株对抗菌药物的耐药性,并鉴定赋予耐药性和毒力的基因。研究于 2019 年 6 月至 2021 年 9 月进行。从皮肤、软组织、血液、下呼吸道、尿液和其他标本中分离出了金黄色葡萄球菌菌株。抗生素敏感性测试根据欧盟抗菌药物委员会(EUCAST)的指导原则,采用盘扩散法进行。采用多重实时 PCR 技术对所有分离菌株的 ermA、ermC、mecA、mecC、tetK、tetM 和 lukF-PV 基因进行了检测分析。16S rRNA 编码序列被用作内部 PCR 对照。共分析了 745 株金黄色葡萄球菌。抗菌药敏感性测试显示,所有分离菌株均对利福平和万古霉素敏感。在 745 株菌株中,94.8% 对四环素敏感,94.5% 对克林霉素敏感,88.3% 对红霉素敏感。青霉素的敏感率最低(25.8%)。测试菌株中有 6% 为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)。大多数耐甲氧西林菌株是从皮肤和软组织中分离出来的(73.3%),一小部分是从血液(17.8%)和呼吸道(8.9%)中分离出来的。在 41.1%的耐红霉素金黄色葡萄球菌菌株中检测到 ermC 基因,而在 32.2%的耐红霉素金黄色葡萄球菌菌株中检测到 ermA 基因。69.2% 的耐四环素金黄色葡萄球菌菌株含有 tetK 基因,28.2% 含有 tetM 基因。7.3% 的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株含有 lukF-PV 基因。在 MRSA 分离物中检测到 pvl 基因的频率明显高于甲氧西林敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌分离物(p < 0.0001)。
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引用次数: 0
Isolation, Identification, Antimicrobial Resistance, Genotyping, and Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from a Food-Poisoning Incident. 从一起食物中毒事件中分离出的肠炎沙门氏菌的分离、鉴定、抗菌药耐药性、基因分型和全基因组测序分析。
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2024-008
Zhuru Hou, Benjin Xu, Ling Liu, Rongrong Yan, Jinjing Zhang

Salmonella enterica is a common pathogen in humans and animals that causes food poisoning and infection, threatening public health safety. We aimed to investigate the genome structure, drug resistance, virulence characteristics, and genetic relationship of a Salmonella strain isolated from patients with food poisoning. The pathogen strain 21A was collected from the feces of patients with food poisoning, and its minimum inhibitory concentration against commonly used antibiotics was determined using the strip test and Kirby-Bauer disk methods. Subsequently, WGS analysis was used to reveal the genome structural characteristics and the carrying status of resistance genes and virulence genes of strain 21A. In addition, an MLST-based minimum spanning tree and an SNP-based systematic spanning tree were constructed to investigate its genetic evolutionary characteristics. The strain 21A was identified by mass spectrometry as S. enterica, which was found to show resistance to ampicillin, piperacillin, sulbactam, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. The WGS and bioinformatics analyses revealed this strain as Salmonella Enteritidis belonging to ST11, which is common in China, containing various resistance genes and significant virulence characteristics. Strain 21A was closely related to the SJTUF strains, a series strains from animal, food and clinical sources, as well as from Shanghai, China, which were located in the same evolutionary clade. According to the genetic makeup of strain 21A, the change G > A was found to be the most common variation. We have comprehensively analyzed the genomic characteristics, drug resistance phenotype, virulence phenotype, and genetic evolution relationship of S. Enteritidis strain 21A, which will contribute towards an in-depth understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of S. Enteritidis and the effective prevention and control of foodborne diseases.

肠炎沙门氏菌是人类和动物中常见的病原体,可引起食物中毒和感染,威胁公共卫生安全。我们旨在研究从食物中毒患者体内分离出的一株沙门氏菌的基因组结构、耐药性、毒力特征和遗传关系。我们从食物中毒患者的粪便中采集了病原菌 21A 株,并采用条带试验法和柯比鲍尔盘法测定了其对常用抗生素的最小抑菌浓度。随后,利用 WGS 分析揭示了菌株 21A 的基因组结构特征以及耐药基因和毒力基因的携带状况。此外,还构建了基于 MLST 的最小生成树和基于 SNP 的系统生成树,以研究其遗传进化特征。经质谱鉴定,菌株 21A 为肠道病毒,对氨苄西林、哌拉西林、舒巴坦、左氧氟沙星和环丙沙星具有耐药性。WGS和生物信息学分析表明,该菌株属于中国常见的ST11肠炎沙门氏菌,含有多种耐药基因,毒力特征明显。21A 株与来自动物、食品和临床以及中国上海的一系列 SJTUF 株密切相关,位于同一进化支系。根据 21A 株的基因组成,发现 G > A 是最常见的变异。我们全面分析了肠炎双球菌 21A 株的基因组特征、耐药表型、毒力表型和遗传进化关系,这将有助于深入了解肠炎双球菌的致病机制,有效预防和控制食源性疾病。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular and metabolic characterization of petroleum hydrocarbons degrading Bacillus cereus. 降解石油烃的蜡样芽孢杆菌的分子和代谢特征。
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2024-012
Nadia Hussain, Fatima Muccee, Muhammad Hammad, Farhan Mohiuddin, Saboor Muarij Bunny, Aansa Shahab

Hydrocarbon constituents of petroleum are persistent, bioaccumulated, and bio-magnified in living tissues, transported to longer distances, and exert hazardous effects on human health and the ecosystem. Bioaugmentation with microorganisms like bacteria is an emerging approach that can mitigate the toxins from environmental sources. The present study was initiated to target the petroleum-contaminated soil of gasoline stations situated in Lahore. Petroleum degrading bacteria were isolated by serial dilution method followed by growth analysis, biochemical and molecular characterization, removal efficiency estimation, metabolites extraction, and GC-MS of the metabolites. Molecular analysis identified the bacterium as Bacillus cereus, which exhibited maximum growth at 72 hours and removed 75% petroleum. Biochemical characterization via the Remel RapID ONE panel system showed positive results for arginine dehydrolase (ADH), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), lysine decarboxylase (LDC), o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactosidase (ONPG), p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucosidase (βGLU), p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), malonate (MAL), adonitol fermentation (ADON), and tryptophane utilization (IND). GC-MS-based metabolic profiling identified alcohols (methyl alcohol, o-, p- and m-cresols, catechol, and 3-methyl catechol), aldehydes (methanone, acetaldehyde, and m-tolualdehyde), carboxylic acid (methanoic acid, cis,cis-muconic acid, cyclohexane carboxylic acid and benzoic acid), conjugate bases of carboxylic acids (benzoate, cis,cis-muconate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, and pyruvate) and cycloalkane (cyclohexene). It suggested the presence of methane, methylcyclohexane, toluene, xylene, and benzene degradation pathways in B. cereus.

石油中的碳氢化合物成分在生物组织中具有持久性、生物蓄积性和生物放大性,并可迁移到更远的地方,对人类健康和生态系统造成危害。利用细菌等微生物进行生物增殖是一种新兴的方法,可以减轻环境来源的毒素。本研究针对拉合尔加油站受石油污染的土壤展开。通过系列稀释法分离出石油降解细菌,然后进行生长分析、生化和分子特征鉴定、去除效率估算、代谢物提取和代谢物的气相色谱-质谱分析。分子分析确定该细菌为蜡样芽孢杆菌,在 72 小时内生长速度最快,去除 75% 的石油。通过 Remel RapID™ ONE 面板系统进行的生化鉴定显示,精氨酸脱氢酶 (ADH)、鸟氨酸脱羧酶 (ODC)、赖氨酸脱羧酶 (LDC) 均呈阳性、邻硝基苯基-β-D-半乳糖苷酶(ONPG)、对硝基苯基-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶(βGLU)、对硝基苯基-N-乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、丙二酸盐(MAL)、丙二醇发酵(ADON)和色氨酸利用(IND)的检测结果呈阳性。基于气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)的代谢分析确定了醇类(甲醇、邻甲酚、对甲酚和间甲酚、儿茶酚和 3-甲基儿茶酚)、醛类(甲酮、乙醛和间戊醛)、羧酸类(甲酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸羧酸(甲酸、顺式、顺式粘液酸、环己烷羧酸和苯甲酸)、羧酸的共轭碱(苯甲酸盐、顺式、顺式粘液酸盐、4-羟基苯甲酸盐和丙酮酸盐)和环烷烃(环己烯)。这表明蜡样芽孢杆菌中存在甲烷、甲基环己烷、甲苯、二甲苯和苯的降解途径。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular Detection of a Pathogenic Entamoeba among Symptomatic Children in Eastern Kurdistan of Iraq. 在伊拉克东库尔德斯坦有症状的儿童中进行致病性肠虫的分子检测。
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2024-010
Sham Jamil Abdullah, Shahnaz Abdulkader Ali

Entamoeba histolytica infects the large intestine of humans, causing a spectrum of clinical appearances ranging from asymptomatic colonization to severe intestinal and extra-intestinal disease. The parasite is identical microscopically to commensal nonpathogenic amoeba. To detect the pathogenic Entamoeba and estimate the precise prevalence of the parasite among the symptomatic pediatric population using molecular techniques. 323 fecal samples were collected from symptomatic children admitted to Sulaimani Pediatric Teaching Hospital, Sulaimaniyah Province, Iraq, from June to October 2021. A structured, validated questionnaire was prepared and used to report participants' gender, residency, and drinking water source. Then, stool samples were microscopically examined, and the positive samples were submitted to molecular analysis by amplifying the 18s rRNA gene using nested PCR to differentiate E. histolytica from other nonpathogenic Entamoeba. Finally, gene sequences were done to confirm the species. Microscopically, 58 positive samples represented Entamoeba species infection rate of 18% among symptomatic patients. However, only 18 samples were positive for E. histolytica based on molecular methods, which accounts for 31% of the positive by microscopy and 5.6% among the 323 symptomatic populations. NCBI, available in their database, gives the gene sequence and accession number. Patients' sociodemographic data and water sources were directly related to the infection rate. Classical microscopic examination provides a misleading profile about the prevalence of E. histolytica in an endemic region that might lead to unnecessary treatments and a lack of appropriate management for patients.

组织溶解恩塔米巴虫感染人类大肠,导致从无症状定植到严重肠道和肠道外疾病的一系列临床表现。这种寄生虫在显微镜下与共生的非致病性阿米巴相同。为了检测致病性恩塔米巴虫,并利用分子技术估算寄生虫在有症状的儿科人群中的确切流行率。研究人员于 2021 年 6 月至 10 月期间从伊拉克苏莱曼尼亚省苏莱曼尼儿科教学医院的有症状儿童中收集了 323 份粪便样本。我们编制了一份经过验证的结构化问卷,用于报告参与者的性别、居住地和饮用水源。然后,对粪便样本进行显微镜检查,对阳性样本进行分子分析,使用巢式 PCR 扩增 18s rRNA 基因,以区分组织溶解埃希氏菌和其他非致病性恩塔莫阿巴菌。最后,进行基因测序以确认物种。显微镜下,58 个阳性样本表明有症状的患者中恩塔米巴菌感染率为 18%。然而,根据分子方法,只有 18 个样本对组织溶解埃希氏菌呈阳性,占显微镜阳性样本的 31%,在 323 个有症状人群中占 5.6%。NCBI 数据库提供了基因序列和登录号。患者的社会人口数据和水源与感染率直接相关。传统的显微镜检查会误导人们了解组织溶血性大肠杆菌在流行地区的流行情况,从而可能导致不必要的治疗和对患者缺乏适当的管理。
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引用次数: 0
Biocontrol and Growth Promotion Potential of Bacillus subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 against Rhizoctonia solani that Causes Tobacco Target Spot Disease. 枯草芽孢杆菌 CTXW 7-6-2 对烟草靶点病根瘤菌的生物防治和生长促进潜力。
Pub Date : 2024-03-04 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2024-004
Ning Huang, Xin Jin, Jin-Tao Wen, Yi-Fei Zhang, Xu Yang, Guang-Yu Wei, Yi-Kun Wang, Min Qin

Fungal diseases form perforated disease spots in tobacco plants, resulting in a decline in tobacco yield and quality. The present study investigated the antagonistic effect of Bacillus subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 against Rhizoctonia solani, its ability to promote the growth of tobacco seedlings, and the expression of disease resistance-related genes for efficient and eco-friendly plant disease control. Our results showed that CTXW 7-6-2 had the most vigorous growth after being cultured for 96 h, and its rate of inhibition of R. solani growth in vitro was 94.02%. The volatile compounds produced by CTXW 7-6-2 inhibited the growth of R. solani significantly (by 96.62%). The fungal growthinhibition rate of the B. subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 broth obtained after high-temperature and no-high-temperature sterile fermentation was low, at 50.88% and 54.63%, respectively. The lipopeptides extracted from the B. subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 fermentation broth showed a 74.88% fungal growth inhibition rate at a concentration of 100 mg/l. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed some organelle structural abnormalities, collapse, shrinkage, blurring, and dissolution in the R. solani mycelia. In addition, CTXW 7-6-2 increased tobacco seedling growth and improved leaf and root weight compared to the control. After CTXW 7-6-2 inoculation, tobacco leaves showed the upregulation of the PDF1.2, PPO, and PAL genes, which are closely related to target spot disease resistance. In conclusion, B. subtilis CTXW 7-6-2 may be an efficient biological control agent in tobacco agriculture and enhance plant growth potential.

真菌病害会在烟草植株上形成穿孔病斑,导致烟草产量和质量下降。本研究探讨了枯草芽孢杆菌 CTXW 7-6-2 对根肿病的拮抗作用、促进烟苗生长的能力以及抗病相关基因的表达,以实现高效、环保的植物病害控制。结果表明,CTXW 7-6-2 在体外培养 96 小时后生长最为旺盛,其对 R. solani 生长的抑制率为 94.02%。CTXW 7-6-2 产生的挥发性化合物对 R. solani 的生长有明显的抑制作用(96.62%)。高温和非高温无菌发酵后得到的枯草芽孢杆菌 CTXW 7-6-2 肉汤对真菌生长的抑制率较低,分别为 50.88% 和 54.63%。从枯草芽孢杆菌 CTXW 7-6-2 发酵液中提取的脂肽在 100 毫克/升的浓度下对真菌生长的抑制率为 74.88%。扫描和透射电子显微镜显示,R. solani 菌丝体中存在一些细胞器结构异常、塌陷、收缩、模糊和溶解现象。此外,与对照组相比,CTXW 7-6-2 还能促进烟草幼苗的生长,提高叶片和根的重量。接种 CTXW 7-6-2 后,烟草叶片中与靶斑病抗性密切相关的 PDF1.2、PPO 和 PAL 基因上调。总之,枯草芽孢杆菌 CTXW 7-6-2 可能是烟草农业中一种高效的生物防治剂,并能提高植物的生长潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the BioFire® FilmArray® Pneumonia plus Panel for Detecting Bacterial Etiological Agents of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in an Oncologic Hospital. Comparison with Conventional Culture Method. 肿瘤医院检测下呼吸道感染细菌病原体的BioFire®FilmArray®肺炎加小组的评估。与传统培养方法的比较。
Pub Date : 2023-12-16 eCollection Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-035
Maria Teresa Szymankiewicz, Anna Szczepanska, Elzbieta Stefaniuk

Conventional methods used to determine pneumonia pathogens are characterized by low sensitivity and long turnaround times. Introducing new tests with better parameters in patients at higher risk of infections is highly anticipated. The results of the conventional quantitative culture method (CM) in determining the bacterial etiology of pneumonia were compared with the results of the Pneumonia plus Panel test (PNP; BioFire® Diagnostics, USA) in 79 samples of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Materials were collected from 79 patients with suspected pneumonia treated in an oncologic hospital due to solid tumors. Only 16/79 BAL samples (20.3%) were true positive (TP) for bacterial etiology in CM vs. 27/79 samples (34.2%) true positive in the PNP test. The total agreement between methods of interpreting the result (positive or negative) was 84.8%. The most prevalent pathogens in both methods were Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Haemophilus influenzae. The PNP test identified several respiratory pathogens that were not grown in culture. The semiquantitative value reported by the PNP test was higher than that reported by culture. The PNP test vs. combined test (PNP test and CM methods) demonstrated positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) values of 100.0% and 98.1%, and the sensitivity and specificity were 96.4% and 100.0%. The PNP test is a good tool for determining the etiology of bacterial pneumonia and may support the care of an oncologic patient. However, further large-sample studies are needed to research in strictly defined groups of oncologic patients.

用于确定肺炎病原体的常规方法具有灵敏度低和周转时间长的特点。在感染风险较高的患者中引入具有更好参数的新检测备受期待。在79份支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)样本中,将常规定量培养法(CM)确定肺炎细菌病因的结果与肺炎加小组试验(PNP;BioFire®Diagnostics,USA)的结果进行比较。材料收集自79名在肿瘤医院接受治疗的疑似肺炎实体瘤患者。在CM中,只有16/79个BAL样本(20.3%)的细菌病原学真阳性(TP),而在PNP测试中,27/79个样本(34.2%)的真阳性。解释结果的方法(阳性或阴性)之间的总一致性为84.8%。两种方法中最常见的病原体是金黄色葡萄球菌,其次是大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和流感嗜血杆菌。PNP测试确定了几种未在培养基中生长的呼吸道病原体。PNP试验所报告的半定量值高于培养所报告的值。PNP试验与联合试验(PNP试验和CM方法)的阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV)分别为100.0%和98.1%,敏感性和特异性分别为96.4%和100.0%。PNP试验是确定细菌性肺炎病因的良好工具,可支持肿瘤学患者的护理。然而,还需要进一步的大样本研究来研究严格定义的肿瘤患者群体。
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引用次数: 0
New Awareness of the Interplay Between the Gut Microbiota and Circadian Rhythms. 对肠道微生物群与昼夜节律之间相互作用的新认识。
Pub Date : 2023-12-16 eCollection Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-046
Xiaoxiao Pang, Long Chen, Guoxin Xu

Circadian rhythms influence various aspects of the biology and physiology of the host, such as food intake and sleep/wake cycles. In recent years, an increasing amount of genetic and epidemiological data has shown that the light/dark cycle is the main cue that regulates circadian rhythms. Other factors, including sleep/wake cycles and food intake, have necessary effects on the composition and rhythms of the gut microbiota. Interestingly, the gut microbiota can affect the circadian rhythm of hosts in turn through contact-dependent and contact-independent mechanisms. Furthermore, the gut microbiota has been shown to regulate the sleep/wake cycles through gut-brain-microbiota interaction. In addition to diabetes, the gut microbiota can also intervene in the progression of neuro- degenerative diseases through the gut-brain-microbiota interaction, and also in other diseases such as hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis, where it is thought to have a spare therapeutic potential. Even though fecal microbiota transplantation has good potential for treating many diseases, the risk of spreading intestinal pathogens should not be ignored.

昼夜节律影响宿主生物学和生理学的各个方面,如食物摄入和睡眠/觉醒周期。近年来,越来越多的遗传学和流行病学数据表明,光/暗周期是调节昼夜节律的主要线索。其他因素,包括睡眠/觉醒周期和食物摄入量,对肠道微生物群的组成和节律也有必要的影响。有趣的是,肠道微生物群可以通过依赖接触和不依赖接触的机制反过来影响宿主的昼夜节律。此外,肠道微生物群已被证明可通过肠道-大脑-微生物群的相互作用调节睡眠/觉醒周期。除糖尿病外,肠道微生物群还可通过肠道-大脑-微生物群的相互作用干预神经退行性疾病的进展,也可干预高血压和类风湿性关节炎等其他疾病,被认为具有备用治疗潜力。尽管粪便微生物群移植具有治疗多种疾病的良好潜力,但肠道病原体传播的风险也不容忽视。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of mCP and TSC Media to Enumerate Clostridium perfringens in Surface Water Samples. mCP和TSC培养基在地表水样品中产气荚膜梭菌计数的比较。
Pub Date : 2023-12-16 eCollection Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-039
Renata Matuszewska, Łukasz Mąka

The Clostridium perfringens bacteria are used to assess water quality as an indicator parameter. If detected, it can confirm the occurrence of past fecal contamination. Tests determining C. perfringens in water samples are usually performed by membrane filtration where filters are incubated on selective media under anaerobic conditions. Available media include mCP and TSC. The aim of this study was to compare the relative recovery of C. perfringens (including spores) from surface water samples and to determine the performance characteristics of the membrane filtration method using both media. The results showed that, although the procedure using the mCP medium was more sensitive and specific, higher recoveries were obtained in the tests based on the TSC medium.

采用产气荚膜梭菌作为评价水质的指标参数。如果检测到,它可以确认过去粪便污染的发生。测定水样中产气荚膜梭菌的试验通常通过膜过滤进行,其中过滤器在厌氧条件下在选择性培养基上孵育。可用介质包括mCP和TSC。本研究的目的是比较地表水样品中产气荚膜荚膜菌(包括孢子)的相对回收率,并确定使用两种介质的膜过滤方法的性能特征。结果表明,虽然使用mCP培养基的方法具有更高的灵敏度和特异性,但基于TSC培养基的测试获得了更高的回收率。
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引用次数: 0
Insights into Genomic Features and Potential Biotechnological Applications of Bacillus halotolerans Strain HGR5. 洞察卤状芽孢杆菌菌株 HGR5 的基因组特征和潜在生物技术应用。
Pub Date : 2023-12-16 eCollection Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-045
Bilal Yahiaoui, Hadjira Bounabi, Amine M Boukerb, Meriem Gasmi

Algeria is one of the wealthiest countries in terms of hydrothermal sources, with more than two hundred hot springs. However, diverse and little-described microbial communities colonize these habitats, making them an intriguing research subject. This work reports the isolation of bacteria from two hot springs water samples in northeastern Algeria, evaluating their enzymatic activities and effect on plant pathogens. Out of the obtained 72 bacterial isolates and based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain HGR5 belonging to Bacillus halotolerans had the most interesting activity profile. Interestingly, HGR5 was substantially active against Fusarium graminearum, Phytophthora infestans, and Alternaria alternata. Furthermore, this strain presented a high ability to degrade casein, Tween 80, starch, chitin, cellulose, and xylan. The genome sequence of HGR5 allowed taxonomic validation and screening of specific genetic traits, determining its antagonistic and enzymatic activities. Genome mining revealed that strain HGR5 encloses several secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (SM-BGCs) involved in metabolite production with antimicrobial properties. Thus, antimicrobial metabolites included bacillaene, fengycin, laterocidine, bacilysin, subtilosin, bacillibactin, surfactin, myxovirescin, dumulmycin, and elansolid A1. HGR5 strain genome was also mined for CAZymes associated with antifungal activity. Finally, the HGR5 strain exhibited the capacity to degrade polycaprolactone (PCL), a model substrate for polyester biodegradation. Overall, these results suggest that this strain may be a promising novel biocontrol agent with interesting plastic-degradation capability, opening the possibilities of its use in various biotechnological applications.

阿尔及利亚是热液资源最丰富的国家之一,拥有两百多个温泉。然而,这些栖息地的微生物群落种类繁多且鲜有描述,因此成为一个引人入胜的研究课题。这项工作报告了从阿尔及利亚东北部的两个温泉水样本中分离出的细菌,评估了它们的酶活性和对植物病原体的影响。在获得的 72 个细菌分离物中,根据 16S rRNA 基因序列分析,属于卤化芽孢杆菌的菌株 HGR5 具有最有趣的活性特征。有趣的是,HGR5 对禾本科镰刀菌、疫霉菌和交替丝核菌具有很强的活性。此外,该菌株降解酪蛋白、吐温80、淀粉、几丁质、纤维素和木聚糖的能力也很强。通过对 HGR5 基因组序列进行分类验证和特定遗传性状筛选,确定了其拮抗活性和酶活性。基因组挖掘发现,菌株 HGR5 包含多个次生代谢物生物合成基因簇(SM-BGCs),参与产生具有抗菌特性的代谢物。因此,抗菌代谢物包括杆菌烯、芬吉霉素、红霉素、杆菌素、枯草杆菌素、枯草杆菌素、表面活性素、myxovirescin、dumulmycin 和 elansolid A1。此外,还在 HGR5 菌株基因组中发现了与抗真菌活性相关的 CAZymes。最后,HGR5 菌株表现出降解聚己内酯(PCL)的能力,PCL 是聚酯生物降解的模型底物。总之,这些结果表明,该菌株可能是一种很有前途的新型生物控制剂,具有有趣的塑料降解能力,为其在各种生物技术应用中的使用提供了可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Do NSAIDs and Other Pain Relief Drugs Can Inhibit the Growth of Lactobacillaceae? 非甾体抗炎药和其他止痛药能抑制乳酸杆菌的生长吗?
Pub Date : 2023-12-16 eCollection Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-038
Hanna Kruszewska, Anna Zawistowska-Rojek, Stefan Tyski

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) commonly used in clinical practice may cause gastrointestinal injuries and influence the gut microbiota. This study investigated the effects of various NSAIDs and some analgesics on the viability of Lactobacillaceae strains (including probiotic strains) in vitro. It was found that diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, dexketoprofen, flurbiprofen, and acetylsalicylic acid inhibited the growth of lactobacilli at a concentration of 0.05-3.2 mg/ml. These MICs of NSAIDs are well above therapeutic plasma concentrations achieved in humans, indicating that the tested drugs should not inhibit the growth of lactobacilli in the human digestive tract.

临床上常用的非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)可能会导致胃肠道损伤并影响肠道微生物群。本研究探讨了各种非甾体抗炎药和一些镇痛药对乳酸杆菌科菌株(包括益生菌菌株)体外生存能力的影响。研究发现,浓度为0.05-3.2mg/ml的双氯芬酸、布洛芬、酮洛芬、右酮洛芬,氟比洛芬和乙酰水杨酸可抑制乳酸杆菌的生长。非甾体抗炎药的这些MIC远高于在人类中达到的治疗性血浆浓度,这表明受试药物不应抑制人类消化道中乳酸杆菌的生长。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Polish journal of microbiology
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