Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P最新文献

Objective: To identify indicators used to evaluate Good Nursing Practices developed in Primary Health Care for women in situations of domestic violence.

Method: A qualitative study conducted with primary care nurses in a Brazilian municipality. Semi-structured interviews were developed, and the Software WebQDA was used for data analysis. The analytical categories used were: gender violence and nursing care according to the Theory of Nursing Praxis Intervention in Collective Health.

Results: Empirical categories emerged: 1) Conception of service evaluation by service users; 2) Evaluation practices: absence of a formal evaluation structure and professional self-evaluation; 3) Potential and used indicators for evaluating care.

Conclusion: Two indicators already in use were identified, and others were proposed, highlighting the potential for building collaborative instruments. Despite the existence of protocols and policies, an evaluation tool is required, which can benefit from the theoretical and methodological guidance of the Theory of Nursing Praxis in Collective Health.

Objective: To understand the perceptions of school adolescents about the menstrual cycle.

Method: This was an exploratory mixed-methods study conducted at a State Technical School in the state of São Paulo. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for the quantitative data, and Iramuteq software was used for the qualitative data. The findings were compared with the principles of Reproductive Justice.

Results: Thirty-four adolescents participated in this study. It was found that 17% had difficulty purchasing sanitary pads, 88% felt insecure when menstruating, and 53% had missed school because they were menstruating. All stated that they had learned about menstruation at school. Five thematic categories emerged: 1) Challenges of Menstruation at School; 2) Education and Conversations about Menstruation in the Family Environment; 3) Support and Counseling; 4) Physical and Practical Difficulties of Menstruation; 5) Shame and Stigmatization.

Conclusion: The research reveals that menstruation significantly impacts the lives of adolescents, causing insecurity and absenteeism. Schools play a significant role in disseminating information on the subject, and the data obtained point to the need to broaden the debate and reduce stigma.

Objective: To identify the contributions of the course "Coping with the wear and tear of university life" to promote the joint development of strategies by students to strengthen their academic experience.

Method: This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach based on participant research, the product of a master's thesis. Students were asked to answer open-ended questions related to the causes of the stresses of academic life and coping strategies applied on the first and last days of class.

Results and discussion: Nine undergraduate students participated in the course. At the end of the course, the students' conceptions of the wear and tear of academic life and its causes began to include the structural dimension of the reproduction of neoliberal values in the university, and coping strategies focused on those related to student movements and collective participation.

Conclusion: The course contributed to the understanding of the roots of the wear and tear of the students' academic experience and the development of proposals for collective coping.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics and the use of the spatial scanning technique to identify clusters of fetal deaths in Pernambuco, between 2013 and 2022.

Method: An ecological study having the municipalities as the unit of analysis, carried out in Pernambuco. Data from the Mortality and Live Birth Information Systems have been used. The relative risk of fetal death was calculated, and descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were applied to compare proportions by five-year period. For the spatial analysis, the spatial scanning statistics technique was applied.

Results: A total of 15,336 fetal deaths were recorded, being that 8,132 (53%) were in the first five-year period (2013 to 2017). The variables maternal age, maternal education, type of delivery, fetal sex and birth weight, death in relation to delivery, and place of death, have been related to the five-year periods. Health regions V, VI, VII, and XI presented clusters with a high risk of death.

Conclusion: The characterization of fetal deaths allows us to understand the circumstances that led to these deaths. The clusters with the highest risk of death indicate priority regions for health planning interventions to improve the maternal and child care network.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between rheumatology patients' beliefs about medications and treatment adherence, along with related factors.

Method: A descriptive design was employed. The study was conducted in the Rheumatology Polyclinic and Clinic in Türkiye, including 311 patients. Compliance Questionnaire on Rheumatology (CQR) and Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ-T) were used.

Results: Among participants, 72% were female, and the mean age was 47 years. Rheumatoid arthritis was the most frequent diagnosis (30.9%). The average BMQ score was 47.66 ± 9.58, and the average CQR score was 48.21 ± 5.55. All patients were found to be non-adherent. A statistically significant relationship was observed between BMQ and CQR scores (p < 0.05). CQR scores were higher among males and unemployed participants. Additionally, BMQ scores were significantly associated with marital status and medication use duration (p < 0.05). A moderate negative correlation was found between CQR and the BMQ-anxiety subdimension.

Conclusion: Beliefs about medications significantly affect adherence. Increased anxiety concerning medication use is associated with lower treatment adherence.

Objective: To analyze the correlation between Coaching Leadership exercised by mobile and fixed pre-hospital care (APH) nurses and the structural empowerment of these professionals.

Method: Analytical and descriptive study with 79 mobile and fixed pre-hospital nurses. The following questionnaires were used: Characterization of subjects; Nurse Self-Perception Questionnaire in the Exercise of Leadership; and Work Effectiveness Conditions Questionnaire II (CET-II). Descriptive analysis and inferential analysis were used with Spearman's test to determine the correlations between the dimensions of the instrument, adopting a significance level of 5%.

Results: Coaching Leadership positively influences the empowerment of nurses working in the APH context, as evidenced by the weak correlation between the total scores of the instruments applied in the research (R = 0.376; p-value = <0.001). "Communication" correlated with all domains of CET-II, including the "total score" of the instrument.

Conclusion: It is important that mobile and fixed APH organizations invest in the leadership of their nurses, based on the use of the Coaching Leadership model, especially considering that it has a positive influence on nurse empowerment.

Objective: To map the evidence on continuity of care for people with systemic arterial hypertension in Primary Health Care (PHC), pointing out limitations and strategies for its implementation.

Method: Scope review, without time limits, based on the Web of Science, PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases. Theses and dissertations from the Brazilian Digital Library and the Catalog of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel were included. The selection of studies was performed by two independent blind reviewers, and any disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer, resulting in a corpus of 32 studies. Data extraction was performed based on an adaptation of the JBI instrument, covering information on the studies, methodology, and recommendations for continuity of care. The data were organized in an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed thematically, being interpreted in light of the dimensions of continuity of care.

Results: Continuity of care in hypertension in PHC improves blood pressure control, reducing morbidity, mortality, and health costs. Patients followed by the same health professional show better adherence to treatment and quality of life. Limitations were identified, such as staff turnover, poor communication between services, and the absence of consolidated care flows. Strategies include strengthening teamwork, interprofessional coordination, the use of shared electronic medical records, and the adoption of formal referral and counter-referral flows.

Conclusions: Implementing team-based care and promoting the sharing of activities among professionals are strategies for achieving continuity of care.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) results from renal damage that triggers oxidative stress, inducing apoptosis, structural abnormalities in cells and their organelles, and even mitochondrial DNA instability. Tocilizumab is a monoclonal antibody inhibitor of interleukin-6, initially used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and later tested for COVID-19 treatment, which may have a protective effect on AKI.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of tocilizumab on renal function and oxidative profile in rats with ischemic AKI.

Methods: This is an experimental study using a quantitative approach with animals. The animals were randomized into four groups: SHAM (control); TCZ (tocilizumab); I/R (ischemia/renal reperfusion, clamping of both renal pedicles for 30 minutes); and TCZ + I/R. Tests were performed to assess renal function (inulin clearance and plasma creatinine), renal oxidation (urinary peroxides, malondialdehyde-derived oxidative substances), and endogenous antioxidant agents (thiols).

Results: Regarding renal function, the treated group showed improvement in inulin clearance (IR 0.24 ± 0.3 vs TCZ + IR 0.65 ± 0.05; p < 0.05) and plasma creatinine levels (IR 2.3 ± 0.6 vs TCZ + IR 0.8 ± 0.3; p < 0.05). Analysis of the oxidative profile revealed a reduction in peroxides, confirming an attenuation of the redox mechanism (IR 15.8 ± 2.8 vs. TCZ + IR 3.7 ± 1.3; p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Tocilizumab demonstrated renoprotective effects, improving renal function and reducing oxidative stress.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of breast cancer symptoms and the distribution of risk factors among women aged 18 years and above.

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 380 women who were registered at a Family Health Center in a central city of Türkiye. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews. Descriptive statistics, as well as the independent t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher's Exact test were used in the analysis.

Results: The mean age of participants was 44.5 ± 15.5 years. Breast cancer symptoms such as breast or armpit pain, nipple changes, and swelling were observed in 32.1% of the participants. Among those with symptoms, 61.5% did not know how to perform a breast self-examination. Additionally, 20.3% of the participants had never participated in screenings, most commonly due to long waiting times for appointments. Short breastfeeding duration, smoking, and a lack of knowledge about self-examination were prominent risk factors.

Conclusion: Despite the prevalence of symptoms, low levels of knowledge about self-examination and low participation in screenings are noteworthy. From the results of this study, promoting early detection, expanding health education, and improving access to screening services are recommended.

Objective: To analyze individual/family self-management of genitourinary health in hospitalized men and the nursing interventions observed.

Method: Qualitative study of technological development using the Praxic Model for Technology Development. Thirty-five participants took part: 19 male patients, eight family members, and eight nursing professionals. Participant observation, the method of Reflective Thematic Content Analysis, and the Individual and Family Self-Management Theory framework were used.

Results: Individual self-management is marked by the experience of hospitalization, weakened in everyday life, restrictive in terms of private hygiene care, seeking medical-centered health care of medium/high complexity, self-medicated herbal medicine, tolerance of symptoms, with worsening of the urological clinical condition. There is female family support, with results that promote well-being and nursing interventions focused on performing techniques and procedures.

Conclusion: Self-management of genitourinary health by men is enhanced by the experience of hospitalization. Men resort to and rely on family support during hospitalization, especially from their partners, whose nursing interventions are not specific, individualized, or conducive to individual and family self-management.