Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P最新文献

Objective: To analyze factors associated with the occurrence of COVID-19 in the pediatric population in hospital settings.

Method: This was a paired case-control study conducted with medical records of children under 14 years of age. The pediatric population with a positive COVID-19 test was considered a case, and the pediatric population with a negative COVID-19 test was considered a control. For each case, a control was used, totaling 486 medical records. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, and logistic regression were performed.

Results: The variables associated with the occurrence of COVID-19 were brown, black, yellow, and indigenous children, emergency room and Intensive Care Unit admission, use of mask and oxygen catheter, antimicrobials, and corticosteroids. Fever, anorexia, non-eupneic respiratory pattern with saturation between 90% and 95%, cough, runny nose, and comorbidities were associated with the outcome.

Conclusion: Advances by providing information on factors associated with COVID-19 in the hospitalized population under 14 years of age, including place of hospitalization, anorexia, runny nose, comorbidity, and corticosteroid use.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the femicides covered in online newspapers in Türkiye between 2018 and 2022, to identify the characteristics of perpetrators and victims, and to reveal the reasons for these murders and how they took place.

Method: News published in 19 online newspapers was analyzed by using the Google Search Engine in a retrospective-descriptive design. The data were evaluated based on variables such as the age of the victims, marital status, family type, place of murder, cause and manner of murder, and the relationship of the perpetrators with the victims. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.

Results: We found that most femicides occurred in 2020, were committed by husbands (34.2%) using firearms (43.3%), and were driven by arguments (45.5%). Victims were predominantly 20-40 years old, married, and housewives.

Conclusion: In order to prevent violence against women, it is important to raise social awareness, strengthen legal regulations and develop protective policies. Although the findings provide insight into the media visibility and demographic trends of femicides in Türkiye, they need to be supported by more comprehensive epidemiological studies.

Objective: To understand the social representations of radical prostatectomy from the perspective of men undergoing surgery.

Method: Qualitative, descriptive research, based on the theory of Social Representations. Sixty men diagnosed with prostate cancer and undergoing radical prostatectomy, who were assisted in a municipality in southern Minas Gerais, participated. Data collection took place between February and September 2022, through interviews and access to medical records. The characterization data were tabulated and presented in absolute and relative frequency and the qualitative data were transcribed and analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse method.

Results: Eleven Central Ideas were identified, associated with negative impacts on sexual and urinary functions and male identity; with neutrality, through satisfactory adaptation and positive perceptions: healing, relief and satisfaction; and with decision and confidence in the surgical procedure.

Conclusion: Social representations revealed a complexity of experiences related to satisfaction, adaptation and dissatisfaction with post-surgical results.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the anxiety and depression levels among caregivers of patients with pressure ulcers and explored associated factors.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and August 2024, in Samsun, Turkey. The study population consisted of caregivers of patients with pressure ulcers registered with the Home Care Services of Samsun Training and Research Hospital. Patient data were obtained from medical records, while caregiver characteristics and psychological status were assessed through face-to-face interviews using standardized anxiety and depression scales. Statistical analyses were performed, with p < 0.05 considered significant.

Results: The study included 122 patient-caregiver pairs. Patients had a mean age of 76.35 ± 13.50 years, with 66.4% female, while caregivers averaged 53.56 ± 11.82 years, with 82.8% female. Caregivers' anxiety and depression scores were 12.0 ± 10.6 and 12.6 ± 10.1, respectively. Higher anxiety (p = 0.039) and depression (p = 0.002) were observed in caregivers of patients with advanced-stage pressure ulcers. Greater psychological distress was also noted in caregivers providing more than 12 hours of daily care, delivering continuous care, lacking personal income, or having chronic illness (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Caregivers of patients with severe pressure ulcers experience significant anxiety and depression, highlighting the need for targeted psychological support. Interventions should prioritize caregivers facing prolonged caregiving demands, chronic illness, or financial hardship to protect their mental well-being.

Objective: To analyze the general health, anxiety, and depression of nursing students and analyze their relationship with the perception of general self-efficacy and positive mental health while coping with COVID-19.

Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study with 138 nursing students from a public institution. Instruments were applied for sociodemographic variables, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the General Health Questionnaire, and the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire. The analyses included descriptive statistics, correlations, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Results: A 5% increase in the Positive Mental Health score was associated with a 20.4% reduction in the probability of anxiety (OR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.73-0.93) and a 26.6% reduction in the probability of depression (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.70-0.89). Similar increases in the General Health Questionnaire were associated with higher probabilities of anxiety (29%) and depression (18%). A 5% increase in the perception of general self-efficacy reduced the probability of both outcomes (anxiety and depression) by 12.4%.

Conclusion: Positive mental health and self-efficacy were protective factors, reinforcing the importance of institutional actions to promote academic well-being.

Objective: To map the competencies for faculty development in interprofessional health education.

Method: This is a scoping review based on the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute with the guiding question: "What competencies are used for faculty development in interprofessional education?" Searches were conducted in the MEDLINE/OVID, ERIC, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EBSCO Open Dissertations, BDTD, CAPES Theses and Dissertations, OpenGrey, and MedNar databases, with no time restrictions and in Portuguese, Spanish, and English.

Results: Twenty-six publications were included, grouped into two categories: the first refers to interprofessional collaborative and facilitation competencies for interprofessional education, with an emphasis on the domains of communication and teamwork. The second category concerns the pedagogical foundations of IPE, theories, approaches, teaching-learning and assessment strategies in faculty development actions for interprofessional education.

Conclusion: The evidence mapped contributes to strengthening faculty development initiatives and advancing the theoretical and methodological foundations of interprofessional health education.

Objective: To map care strategies for children with tracheostomies in school settings.

Method: A scoping review was conducted following the JBI® methodology. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across health, education, and gray literature databases in July 2024. The included studies described guidelines, care policies, and the experiences of family members, healthcare professionals, and education professionals regarding the care of children (6-12 years old) with tracheostomies who regularly attend school.

Results: The 30 texts retrieved that met the eligibility criteria identified three models of school healthcare: family-based, health-education intersectoral, and school health outpatient-based.

Conclusion: The successful inclusion of children with tracheostomies in educational settings necessitates intersectoral health-education coordination in the development of guidelines. Review protocol registered at https://osf.io/3tcg4.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a new nursing organizational management model based on appreciative inquiry on gynecological tumor patients during the perioperative period.

Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 204 gynecological tumor patients who underwent surgical treatment between June 2021 and June 2024. Patients were assigned to a control group (n = 102; routine nursing organization management mode) or a study group (n = 102; new nursing organization management mode constructed by appreciative inquiry) according to their nursing mode during the perioperative period.

Results: Both groups had increased World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) scores and decreased Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-Short Form 20 (PFDI-20) scores compared to before the intervention. The study group had higher WHOQOL-BREF scores and lower PFDI-20 scores than the control group (p < 0.05). Scores on the Social Impact Scale in each dimension and the total score declined in both groups compared to baseline, with lower scores observed in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The new nursing organizational management model developed using appreciative inquiry can optimize perioperative indicators, improve pelvic floor dysfunction, and enhance psychological resilience.

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the diagnosis of brain death (BD) in hospitals in the State of Sergipe, Brazil.

Method: Qualitative study based on the theoretical-methodological framework of French DiscouCross-sectional study carried out between 2023 and 2024 in four hospitals in Sergipe. Participants were over 18 years of age, of both sexes, with three points on the Glasgow Coma Scale, neurological injury confirmed by brain tomography and absence of at least two brainstem reflexes.

Results: The study included 69 participants and a higher prevalence of individuals from inland cities (65%), with median age of 52 years (42.0-68.0), female (59%), and of mixed ethnicity (62%) was observed. The main neurological causes were stroke and traumatic brain injury. Individuals in older age groups and individuals with cancer are less likely to have BD confirmed. The variable place of residence was significantly associated with the diagnosis.

Conclusion: Integration of well-defined institutional protocols, telehealth consultations, and professional training are recommended as strategies that can lead to faster, safer, and more equitable diagnosis in contexts of structural vulnerability.

Objective: To map the scientific literature on the assessment of the organizational culture and climate for patient safety in renal dialysis services from the perspective of the multidisciplinary team.

Method: Scope review according to JBI methodology. The articles were extracted from LILACS via VHL, Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and gray literature (Google Scholar, CAPES, and university repositories). All descriptors were controlled terms extracted from DeCS/MeSH or Emtree. The guiding question was: which studies available in the literature assessed the organizational culture and climate for patient safety in renal dialysis services from the perspective of the multidisciplinary team?

Results: A total of 13,703 studies were identified, 312 were read in full, and 12 were included. The greatest strengths were in the domains: teamwork, organizational learning and continuous improvement, feedback, and error communication. Weaknesses and opportunities for improvement involved staffing, shift change, leadership support, adverse event reporting, and non-punitive responses to errors. The professional category and type of management influenced the perception of the patient care team.

Conclusion: The findings highlighted areas of weakness in the organizational culture and climate for patient safety in nephrology practices, but did not detail the causal factors, which calls for further studies.