T. Jumadilov, Z. Malimbayeva, Khuangul Khimersen, I. Saparbekova, A. Imangazy, O. Suberlyak
Some technological solutions contain valuable components and can become an additional source of rare-earth elements to satisfy the current production demands. This research provides the study on using a combination of polyacrylic acid hydrogel (hPAA) and hydrogel of poly-4-vinylpyridine (hP4VP) in different molar ratios for praseodymium ions sorption from its nitrate solution. The mutual activation of the hydrogels in an aqueous medium provides their transformation into a highly ionized state by the conformational and electrochemical changes in properties during their remote interaction. The electrochemical properties of solutions were studied by the methods of electrical conductivity, and pH measurements of the solutions. The research showed that the maximum activation of hydrogels was revealed within the molar ratio of hPAA:hP4VP equal to 1:5. Moreover, the total praseodymium ions sorption degree after 24 hours of sorption by individual hPAA and hP4VP was 54 % and 47 %, respectively, whereas the praseodymium ions sorption degree by the hPAA–hP4VP intergel system in the molar ratio 1:5 became 62 %. A slight increase in the sorption degree of praseodymium ions by the intergel system in comparison with individual hydrogels can be explained by the achievement of a higher ionization degree of hydrogels being activated in the hPAA–hP4VP interpolymer system by the remote interaction effect.
{"title":"Specific features of praseodymium extraction by intergel system based on polyacrylic acid and poly-4-vinylpyridine hydrogels","authors":"T. Jumadilov, Z. Malimbayeva, Khuangul Khimersen, I. Saparbekova, A. Imangazy, O. Suberlyak","doi":"10.31489/2021ch3/53-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch3/53-59","url":null,"abstract":"Some technological solutions contain valuable components and can become an additional source of rare-earth elements to satisfy the current production demands. This research provides the study on using a combination of polyacrylic acid hydrogel (hPAA) and hydrogel of poly-4-vinylpyridine (hP4VP) in different molar ratios for praseodymium ions sorption from its nitrate solution. The mutual activation of the hydrogels in an aqueous medium provides their transformation into a highly ionized state by the conformational and electrochemical changes in properties during their remote interaction. The electrochemical properties of solutions were studied by the methods of electrical conductivity, and pH measurements of the solutions. The research showed that the maximum activation of hydrogels was revealed within the molar ratio of hPAA:hP4VP equal to 1:5. Moreover, the total praseodymium ions sorption degree after 24 hours of sorption by individual hPAA and hP4VP was 54 % and 47 %, respectively, whereas the praseodymium ions sorption degree by the hPAA–hP4VP intergel system in the molar ratio 1:5 became 62 %. A slight increase in the sorption degree of praseodymium ions by the intergel system in comparison with individual hydrogels can be explained by the achievement of a higher ionization degree of hydrogels being activated in the hPAA–hP4VP interpolymer system by the remote interaction effect.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90483121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Iskineyeva, A. Mustafaeva, G. Zamaratskaya, S. Fazylov, I. Pustolaikina, O. Nurkenov, A. Sarsenbekova, Т. Seilkhanov, R. Bakirova
The article discusses the results of research for obtaining encapsulated vitamin E using a water-soluble oligosaccharide (cyclodextrin). The inclusion complexes of β-CD with α-tocopherol were obtained in an aqueousalcoholic medium by coprecipitation and microwave activation. The highest yields of target clathrate inclusion complexes of vitamin E with cyclodextrin were obtained under microwave synthesis conditions. Molecular modeling of inclusion complexes of α-tocopherol acetate with β-cyclodextrin in the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 was performed using the MM+ method. Based on semi-empirical PM3 calculations, without taking into account the influence of the environment, the total energy of the systems under study was estimated. Data on the study of the structure of the clathrate complex of α-tocopherol acetate with β-cyclodextrin was presented. The surface morphology of the resulting “guest-host” clathrate complex was described using a scanning electron microscope. The spectral properties of the inclusion complex were characterized by FT-IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy data. The study of the 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of β-CD in the free and bound state in the form of the β-CD: VE clathrate made it possible to reveal the displacements of the signals of the nuclei (± ∆δ) 1H and 13C of the host molecule both in the region of weak and strong fields. The experimental results confirmed the possibility of the formation of inclusion complexes of α-tocopherol acetate with β-cyclodextrin at various ratios. The data on the study of the effect of encapsulated α-tocopherol acetate on the safety of food meat products was presented.
{"title":"Preparation of encapsulated α-tocopherol acetate and study of its physico-chemical and biological properties","authors":"A. Iskineyeva, A. Mustafaeva, G. Zamaratskaya, S. Fazylov, I. Pustolaikina, O. Nurkenov, A. Sarsenbekova, Т. Seilkhanov, R. Bakirova","doi":"10.31489/2021ch3/27-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch3/27-36","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the results of research for obtaining encapsulated vitamin E using a water-soluble oligosaccharide (cyclodextrin). The inclusion complexes of β-CD with α-tocopherol were obtained in an aqueousalcoholic medium by coprecipitation and microwave activation. The highest yields of target clathrate inclusion complexes of vitamin E with cyclodextrin were obtained under microwave synthesis conditions. Molecular modeling of inclusion complexes of α-tocopherol acetate with β-cyclodextrin in the ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 was performed using the MM+ method. Based on semi-empirical PM3 calculations, without taking into account the influence of the environment, the total energy of the systems under study was estimated. Data on the study of the structure of the clathrate complex of α-tocopherol acetate with β-cyclodextrin was presented. The surface morphology of the resulting “guest-host” clathrate complex was described using a scanning electron microscope. The spectral properties of the inclusion complex were characterized by FT-IR and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy data. The study of the 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra of β-CD in the free and bound state in the form of the β-CD: VE clathrate made it possible to reveal the displacements of the signals of the nuclei (± ∆δ) 1H and 13C of the host molecule both in the region of weak and strong fields. The experimental results confirmed the possibility of the formation of inclusion complexes of α-tocopherol acetate with β-cyclodextrin at various ratios. The data on the study of the effect of encapsulated α-tocopherol acetate on the safety of food meat products was presented.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83890881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Plotnikova, A. B. Shein, M.G. Shcherban`, A. Solovyev
The inhibition effect of series of thiadiazole derivatives against the corrosion of mild steel in 15 % HCl was studied by weight-loss method and electrochemical measurements. The experiments were performed on steel St3 at 293 K, the exposure time of the samples in solution for weight-loss measurements was 24 h. Potentiodynamic polarization curves were obtained in a typical three electrode cell with the help of electrochemical measuring complex SOLARTRON 1280 C. A scan rate was 1 mV⋅s-1 and a measurement point was taken every 0.2 s. 2-aminothiazole, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-amino-5-(furan-2-yl)- 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-ylamide of acetic acid were studied as potential inhibitors. The maximal inhibition efficiency was obtained at concentration 0.10-0.20 g⋅L−1. The best result was demonstrated by 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (inhibition effect was more than 90 %). The minimal inhibition effect had 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-ylamide acetic acid. The corrosion inhibition effect calculated from data of the corrosion current density and from the weight-loss measurements were in sufficiently good agreement. The effective activation energy of the corrosion of St3 increased significantly due the presence of the inhibitors (from 3.3 to 94.8 kJ⋅mol-1). The results point to promising of investigating of series of thiadiazole derivatives and inhibitory compositions based on thiadiazole as potential acid corrosion inhibitors.
{"title":"The study of thiadiazole derivatives as potential corrosion inhibitors of low-carbon steel in hydrochloric acid","authors":"M. Plotnikova, A. B. Shein, M.G. Shcherban`, A. Solovyev","doi":"10.31489/2021ch3/93-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch3/93-102","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibition effect of series of thiadiazole derivatives against the corrosion of mild steel in 15 % HCl was studied by weight-loss method and electrochemical measurements. The experiments were performed on steel St3 at 293 K, the exposure time of the samples in solution for weight-loss measurements was 24 h. Potentiodynamic polarization curves were obtained in a typical three electrode cell with the help of electrochemical measuring complex SOLARTRON 1280 C. A scan rate was 1 mV⋅s-1 and a measurement point was taken every 0.2 s. 2-aminothiazole, 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol, 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-amino-5-(furan-2-yl)- 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-ylamide of acetic acid were studied as potential inhibitors. The maximal inhibition efficiency was obtained at concentration 0.10-0.20 g⋅L−1. The best result was demonstrated by 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (inhibition effect was more than 90 %). The minimal inhibition effect had 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-ylamide acetic acid. The corrosion inhibition effect calculated from data of the corrosion current density and from the weight-loss measurements were in sufficiently good agreement. The effective activation energy of the corrosion of St3 increased significantly due the presence of the inhibitors (from 3.3 to 94.8 kJ⋅mol-1). The results point to promising of investigating of series of thiadiazole derivatives and inhibitory compositions based on thiadiazole as potential acid corrosion inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86721013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. G. Melikova, A. Efendi, E. Babayev, G. M. Faradjev, K.Sh. Musazade, A.M. Salahli, L.G. Maqerramova
A new type of catalysts not containing noble metal oxides have been developed and the possibilities of their application both for the complete neutralization of carbon monoxide in exhaust gases and the process of deep oxidation of volatile hydrocarbons are studied. It has been foundthatthe activity of catalysts based on vanadiumandphosphorus oxides supported on Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2by and their modification withof 1–3% oxides of Cu, Cr, Co, Zn enhanced the conversion of the deep oxidation process to 95–100% at the temperatures of 673–693K and volumetric velocities of 5000–10000 h–1. During the simultaneous oxidation of CO and C3H8at a CO conversion of 90%, the C3H8conversionwas 70%. It has been established that oxidation of CO and C1–C4 hydrocarbons, and especially propane, with the participation of synthesized catalytic series, occurs by stepwise and associative mechanisms. The oxidation of CO and C3H8required a high oxygen content of 1:20–25 mol. Besides utilizing carbon monoxide in exhaust gases from motor vehicles, these catalytic systems can be successfully used to neutralize industrial gases, especially those emitted from oil refineries and thermal power plants. Preliminary research has shown that these catalytic systems can operate for about 50000 hours without changing the activity.
{"title":"Catalytic oxidation of CO in gases emitted by industrial processes and vehicle exhaust","authors":"I. G. Melikova, A. Efendi, E. Babayev, G. M. Faradjev, K.Sh. Musazade, A.M. Salahli, L.G. Maqerramova","doi":"10.31489/2021ch2/69-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch2/69-76","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of catalysts not containing noble metal oxides have been developed and the possibilities of their application both for the complete neutralization of carbon monoxide in exhaust gases and the process of deep oxidation of volatile hydrocarbons are studied. It has been foundthatthe activity of catalysts based on vanadiumandphosphorus oxides supported on Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2by and their modification withof 1–3% oxides of Cu, Cr, Co, Zn enhanced the conversion of the deep oxidation process to 95–100% at the temperatures of 673–693K and volumetric velocities of 5000–10000 h–1. During the simultaneous oxidation of CO and C3H8at a CO conversion of 90%, the C3H8conversionwas 70%. It has been established that oxidation of CO and C1–C4 hydrocarbons, and especially propane, with the participation of synthesized catalytic series, occurs by stepwise and associative mechanisms. The oxidation of CO and C3H8required a high oxygen content of 1:20–25 mol. Besides utilizing carbon monoxide in exhaust gases from motor vehicles, these catalytic systems can be successfully used to neutralize industrial gases, especially those emitted from oil refineries and thermal power plants. Preliminary research has shown that these catalytic systems can operate for about 50000 hours without changing the activity.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77823152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.31489/2021ch2/105-114
О.G. О.G.
The article is devoted to suchnew direction of research as creating textbooks that provide competency-based approach to teaching Chemistry. A brief description of the results of the analysis of scientific literature on the research topic is presented. Based on them, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop a concept for creating Chemistry textbooks that would allow realizing the competence potential of academic subject. The main pro-visions of the author's concept are stated. According to them, the textbook should equally present its content and procedural components, which can ensure the formation of students’ key and subject competencies. The author’s rubrication of the textbooks is presented: “After mastering the material of the unit, you will be able...”, “Remember! Pay attention!”, “Chemistry is life: a naturalist’s page”, “Briefly about the main thing”, “Erudite page”, “Work in groups”, “We work with media sources”, “We know, we understand”, and “We apply”. The design of the units is briefly described. The embodiment of the conceptual provisions in school Chemistry textbooks for grades 8–11 created by the author is revealed on specific examples.
{"title":"Chemistry textbooks as a means of supporting cognitive activity of general secondary education students","authors":"О.G. О.G.","doi":"10.31489/2021ch2/105-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch2/105-114","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to suchnew direction of research as creating textbooks that provide competency-based approach to teaching Chemistry. A brief description of the results of the analysis of scientific literature on the research topic is presented. Based on them, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop a concept for creating Chemistry textbooks that would allow realizing the competence potential of academic subject. The main pro-visions of the author's concept are stated. According to them, the textbook should equally present its content and procedural components, which can ensure the formation of students’ key and subject competencies. The author’s rubrication of the textbooks is presented: “After mastering the material of the unit, you will be able...”, “Remember! Pay attention!”, “Chemistry is life: a naturalist’s page”, “Briefly about the main thing”, “Erudite page”, “Work in groups”, “We work with media sources”, “We know, we understand”, and “We apply”. The design of the units is briefly described. The embodiment of the conceptual provisions in school Chemistry textbooks for grades 8–11 created by the author is revealed on specific examples.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87708258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results on the study of modeling and physico-chemical study of the kinetics ofnucleation and growth of GaSxSe1–x(0 ≤ х≤ 1) solid solution. The nucleation heterogeneous process and growth of GaSxSe1–xcrystals have been studied and simulated taking into account nonlinear equations considering the kinetic behavior of crystallizing phases.GaSxSe1–xsingle and nanocrystals were grown from solution, melt, and by chemical transport reaction through steam. GaSxSe1–xcrystals were grownbychemical transport reaction in a two-tem-perature gradient furnace in a sealed quartz ampoule. Iodine was used as a transporting additive. Using the Fokker–Planck equation, the evolution of the distribution function of crystals of solid solutions of the GaS–GaSe system by size at the nucleation time is studied by a numerical method. For the convenience of comparing theory with experimental data, we used the GaS1–xSex(x= 0.7 molar fraction of GaSe) composition of the solid solution. The Monte Carlo method is used to approximate the time evolution of the nucleation of two types of particles for the GaS0.3Se0.7 solid solution, simulated by a constant nucleus size. The results of modeling non-linear crystallization processes are consistent with experimental data.
{"title":"Modeling of nonlinear processes of nucleation and growth of GaSxSe1–x(0 ≤ х≤ 1) solid solutions","authors":"S. Asadov","doi":"10.31489/2021ch2/31-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch2/31-42","url":null,"abstract":"The results on the study of modeling and physico-chemical study of the kinetics ofnucleation and growth of GaSxSe1–x(0 ≤ х≤ 1) solid solution. The nucleation heterogeneous process and growth of GaSxSe1–xcrystals have been studied and simulated taking into account nonlinear equations considering the kinetic behavior of crystallizing phases.GaSxSe1–xsingle and nanocrystals were grown from solution, melt, and by chemical transport reaction through steam. GaSxSe1–xcrystals were grownbychemical transport reaction in a two-tem-perature gradient furnace in a sealed quartz ampoule. Iodine was used as a transporting additive. Using the Fokker–Planck equation, the evolution of the distribution function of crystals of solid solutions of the GaS–GaSe system by size at the nucleation time is studied by a numerical method. For the convenience of comparing theory with experimental data, we used the GaS1–xSex(x= 0.7 molar fraction of GaSe) composition of the solid solution. The Monte Carlo method is used to approximate the time evolution of the nucleation of two types of particles for the GaS0.3Se0.7 solid solution, simulated by a constant nucleus size. The results of modeling non-linear crystallization processes are consistent with experimental data.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77997797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ivasenko, K.K. Shakarimova, A. Bokayeva, A. Marchenko, A. Lavrinenko, S. Kolesnichenko
In world practice interest in herbal medicines is noticeably increasing every year. From this point of view, plants of the ThymusL. genus of the Lamiaceaefamily are of undoubted interest. Previously we have obtained a dry extract from the aerial part of an endemic plant of the flora of Kazakhstan Thymus crebrifoliusKlokovfor the first time by double extraction of raw plant materials with 70% ethanol using ultrasound. Dry extract of Thymus crebrifoliushas a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity, including against Helicobacter pylori, while it is not toxic, and can be used as an antimicrobial agent. The article presents the results of a study of the composition of phenolic compounds of dry extract of Thymus crebrifoliususing a combined HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS method. 12 phenolic compounds have been identified and quantified in the dry extract of Thy-mus crebrifolius. Four of them are phenolic acids, and eight are flavonoids. The dominant phenolic compounds are luteolin-7-O-glucoside (109.00mg g−1),rosmarinic acid (30.98mg g−1), naringenin (24.84 mg g−1), epicat-echin (9.98mg g−1),myricetin (6.15mg g−1) and gallic acid (3.41mg g−1). The results of chromatographic analysis will be used to standardize drugs based on dry extract of Thymus crebrifolius.
{"title":"Study of the phenolic compounds of the dry extract of Thymus crebrifoli ususing a combined HPLC–UV and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method","authors":"S. Ivasenko, K.K. Shakarimova, A. Bokayeva, A. Marchenko, A. Lavrinenko, S. Kolesnichenko","doi":"10.31489/2021ch2/18-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch2/18-23","url":null,"abstract":"In world practice interest in herbal medicines is noticeably increasing every year. From this point of view, plants of the ThymusL. genus of the Lamiaceaefamily are of undoubted interest. Previously we have obtained a dry extract from the aerial part of an endemic plant of the flora of Kazakhstan Thymus crebrifoliusKlokovfor the first time by double extraction of raw plant materials with 70% ethanol using ultrasound. Dry extract of Thymus crebrifoliushas a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity, including against Helicobacter pylori, while it is not toxic, and can be used as an antimicrobial agent. The article presents the results of a study of the composition of phenolic compounds of dry extract of Thymus crebrifoliususing a combined HPLC-UV and HPLC-MS/MS method. 12 phenolic compounds have been identified and quantified in the dry extract of Thy-mus crebrifolius. Four of them are phenolic acids, and eight are flavonoids. The dominant phenolic compounds are luteolin-7-O-glucoside (109.00mg g−1),rosmarinic acid (30.98mg g−1), naringenin (24.84 mg g−1), epicat-echin (9.98mg g−1),myricetin (6.15mg g−1) and gallic acid (3.41mg g−1). The results of chromatographic analysis will be used to standardize drugs based on dry extract of Thymus crebrifolius.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91170506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Imamaliyeva, I. Mekhdiyeva, Y. Jafarov, M. Babanly
In this study the phase equilibria in the Tl2Te–Tl2Te3–TlTmTe2compositions area of the Tl–Tm–Te ternary system were studied by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. Based on PXRD data, the solid-phase equi-libria diagram was plotted. The thermodynamic functions of the Tl9TmTe6and TlTmTe2ternary compounds were calculated by the electromotive forces method. The electrochemical cells of the following type (−) TmТе (s.) | glycerol + KCl + TmCl3 | (Tm in alloys of Tl–Tm–Te system) (s.) (+) were assembled and their EMF were measured in the 300-450 Ktemperature range. Based on obtained EMF data for the Tl2Te3–TlTe–TlTmTe2and TlTe–TlTmTe2–Tl9TmTe6three-phase regions, the relative partial thermodynamic functions of TmTe in alloys were calculated. The combination of these functions with the partial molar functions of thulium in TmTe allowed calculating the corresponding partial functions of thulium in the above phase regions. The potential-forming reactions responsible for the indicated partial molar values were obtained based on con-structed solid-phase equilibria diagram. Using indicated potential-forming reactions, for the first time, the standard thermodynamic functions of formation and standard entropies of the Tl9TmTe6and TlTmTe2 compounds were calculated.
{"title":"Thermodynamic study of the thallium-thulium tellurides by EMF method","authors":"S. Imamaliyeva, I. Mekhdiyeva, Y. Jafarov, M. Babanly","doi":"10.31489/2021ch2/43-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch2/43-52","url":null,"abstract":"In this study the phase equilibria in the Tl2Te–Tl2Te3–TlTmTe2compositions area of the Tl–Tm–Te ternary system were studied by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis. Based on PXRD data, the solid-phase equi-libria diagram was plotted. The thermodynamic functions of the Tl9TmTe6and TlTmTe2ternary compounds were calculated by the electromotive forces method. The electrochemical cells of the following type (−) TmТе (s.) | glycerol + KCl + TmCl3 | (Tm in alloys of Tl–Tm–Te system) (s.) (+) were assembled and their EMF were measured in the 300-450 Ktemperature range. Based on obtained EMF data for the Tl2Te3–TlTe–TlTmTe2and TlTe–TlTmTe2–Tl9TmTe6three-phase regions, the relative partial thermodynamic functions of TmTe in alloys were calculated. The combination of these functions with the partial molar functions of thulium in TmTe allowed calculating the corresponding partial functions of thulium in the above phase regions. The potential-forming reactions responsible for the indicated partial molar values were obtained based on con-structed solid-phase equilibria diagram. Using indicated potential-forming reactions, for the first time, the standard thermodynamic functions of formation and standard entropies of the Tl9TmTe6and TlTmTe2 compounds were calculated.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85806787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Balpanova, M. Baikenov, A. M. Gyulmaliev, Z. Absat, Zh. Batkhan, F. Ma, K. Su, S.V. Kim, G. Baikenova, D. Aitbekova, A. Tusipkhan
The hydrogen-donor abilities of polymers and the activity of catalysts in the process of thermal destruction of the organic mass of primary coal tar (PCT) are studied by non-isothermal kinetics methods. PCT,magnetic microspheres, nickel-deposited chrysotilechrysotile and Fe3O4nanocatalysts were used as initial raw materials. Рolymers such as polyethylene (PE), polystyrene(PS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were selected as a hy-drogen donor. The phases Mg3[OH]4{Si2O5} and NiO were determined by X-ray phase analysis (XRD) in the obtained catalyst (nickel-deposited chrysotile), and the presence of highly dispersed nickel oxide particles on the surface and inside the nanotubes was shown by the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Nickel oxide particles of 8–11 nmand 30–37 nmwere evenly distributed on the surface and inside the chrysotile nanotubes. The kinetic parameters of the thermal destruction of a mixture of PCT, catalyst and polymer material were determined on the basis of thermogravimetric analysis using the integral method and the method for determin-ing the thermokinetic parameters by the inflection point on the thermogravimetric curve(TG). The change in the activation energy, rate constant and pre-exponential factor with an increase in the degree of destruction of the organic mass of the PCT is established. It was shown that the nature of polymers and catalysts significantly affects the value of the rate constant and the activation energy. The calculated activation energies of the thermal destruction of a mixture of coal tar with PS and PE in the presence of a catalyst (nickel-deposited chrysotile) by the first method are 47.6 kJ/mol and 40.4 kJ/mol, and by the second method are 47.3 kJ/mol and 86.5kJ/mol respectively.
{"title":"Thermokinetic parameters of the primary coal tars destruction in the presence of catalysts and polymeric materials","authors":"N. Balpanova, M. Baikenov, A. M. Gyulmaliev, Z. Absat, Zh. Batkhan, F. Ma, K. Su, S.V. Kim, G. Baikenova, D. Aitbekova, A. Tusipkhan","doi":"10.31489/2021ch2/86-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch2/86-95","url":null,"abstract":"The hydrogen-donor abilities of polymers and the activity of catalysts in the process of thermal destruction of the organic mass of primary coal tar (PCT) are studied by non-isothermal kinetics methods. PCT,magnetic microspheres, nickel-deposited chrysotilechrysotile and Fe3O4nanocatalysts were used as initial raw materials. Рolymers such as polyethylene (PE), polystyrene(PS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were selected as a hy-drogen donor. The phases Mg3[OH]4{Si2O5} and NiO were determined by X-ray phase analysis (XRD) in the obtained catalyst (nickel-deposited chrysotile), and the presence of highly dispersed nickel oxide particles on the surface and inside the nanotubes was shown by the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Nickel oxide particles of 8–11 nmand 30–37 nmwere evenly distributed on the surface and inside the chrysotile nanotubes. The kinetic parameters of the thermal destruction of a mixture of PCT, catalyst and polymer material were determined on the basis of thermogravimetric analysis using the integral method and the method for determin-ing the thermokinetic parameters by the inflection point on the thermogravimetric curve(TG). The change in the activation energy, rate constant and pre-exponential factor with an increase in the degree of destruction of the organic mass of the PCT is established. It was shown that the nature of polymers and catalysts significantly affects the value of the rate constant and the activation energy. The calculated activation energies of the thermal destruction of a mixture of coal tar with PS and PE in the presence of a catalyst (nickel-deposited chrysotile) by the first method are 47.6 kJ/mol and 40.4 kJ/mol, and by the second method are 47.3 kJ/mol and 86.5kJ/mol respectively.","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75960233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is dedicated to the 70th anniversary of Sarkyt Elekenovich Kudaibergenov, a prominentKazakh scientist-chemist.His career and the most significant events of his scientific life are briefly described here.The contribution of Professor S.E. Kudaibergenov to the development of physical chemistry of polymers and his participation in the internationalization of the polymer scientific school are shown
{"title":"Congratulations on the anniversary of Professor S.E.Kudaibergenov","authors":"Yerkebulan Tazhbayev, M. Burkeyev","doi":"10.31489/2021ch2/4-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2021ch2/4-7","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to the 70th anniversary of Sarkyt Elekenovich Kudaibergenov, a prominentKazakh scientist-chemist.His career and the most significant events of his scientific life are briefly described here.The contribution of Professor S.E. Kudaibergenov to the development of physical chemistry of polymers and his participation in the internationalization of the polymer scientific school are shown","PeriodicalId":9421,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. \"Chemistry\" series","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77576582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：