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European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice最新文献

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Severe concentric hypertrophy after cardiac arrest makes support with ECPELLA® impossible. 心脏骤停后出现严重的同心性肥大,无法使用 ECPELLA® 支持。
Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae112
Maria Vidal-Burdeus, Eduard Argudo, Imanol Otaegui-Irureta, Jordi Riera-Del Brio, Aitor Uribarri
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引用次数: 0
How to address the coronaries in TAVI candidates: can the need for revascularization be safely determined by CT angiography only? 如何处理 TAVI 候选者的冠状动脉:仅通过 CT 血管造影能否安全地确定是否需要进行血管再通术?
Pub Date : 2024-10-28 eCollection Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae096
Katharina Theresa Julia Mascherbauer, Gudrun Lamm, Andreas Anselm Kammerlander, Maximilian Will, Christian Nitsche, Roya Anahita Mousavi, Caglayan Demirel, Philipp Emanuel Bartko, Konstantin Schwarz, Christian Hengstenberg, Julia Mascherbauer

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains one of the most frequent comorbidities among transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) candidates. Whether routine assessment of CAD by invasive coronary angiography (CA) and eventual peri-procedural percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is generally beneficial in TAVI patients has recently been heavily questioned. CA carries significant risks, such as kidney injury, bleeding, and prolonged hospital stay, and may frequently be unnecessary if significant stenoses of the proximal coronary segments can be ruled out on computed tomography angiography. Moreover, the benefits of pre-emptive coronary revascularization at the time of TAVI are not well defined. Despite these facts and weak guideline recommendations, CA and eventual PCI of stable significant coronary lesions at the time of TAVI remain common practice. However, ongoing randomized trials currently challenge the efficacy of such strategies to enable a more streamlined, individualized, and resource-sparing treatment with TAVI.

冠状动脉疾病(CAD)仍然是经导管主动脉瓣植入术(TAVI)患者最常见的合并症之一。通过有创冠状动脉造影术(CA)对冠状动脉疾病进行常规评估并最终进行围手术期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)是否对经导管主动脉瓣植入术(TAVI)患者有普遍益处,近来备受质疑。冠状动脉造影有很大的风险,如肾损伤、出血和住院时间延长,而且如果通过计算机断层扫描血管造影可以排除冠状动脉近端明显狭窄,那么冠状动脉造影往往是不必要的。此外,在进行 TAVI 时预先进行冠状动脉血运重建的益处尚未明确。尽管存在这些事实,且指南建议不充分,但在进行 TAVI 时对稳定的重要冠状动脉病变进行 CA 和最终 PCI 仍是常见的做法。然而,目前正在进行的随机试验对这些策略的疗效提出了质疑,这些策略可使 TAVI 治疗更加简化、个体化和节省资源。
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引用次数: 0
Feasibility validation of automatic diagnosis of mitral valve prolapse from multi-view echocardiographic sequences based on deep neural network. 基于深度神经网络从多视角超声心动图序列自动诊断二尖瓣脱垂的可行性验证。
Pub Date : 2024-10-28 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae086
Zijian Wu, Zhenyi Ge, Zhengdan Ge, Yumeng Xing, Weipeng Zhao, Lili Dong, Yongshi Wang, Dehong Kong, Chunqiang Hu, Yixiu Liang, Haiyan Chen, Wufeng Xue, Cuizhen Pan, Dong Ni, Xianhong Shu

Aims: To address the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods for mitral valve prolapse (MVP), specifically fibroelastic deficiency (FED) and Barlow's disease (BD), by introducing an automated diagnostic approach utilizing multi-view echocardiographic sequences and deep learning.

Methods and results: An echocardiographic data set, collected from Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, containing apical 2 chambers (A2C), apical 3 chambers (A3C), and apical 4 chambers (A4C) views, was employed to train the deep learning models. We separately trained view-specific and view-agnostic deep neural network models, which were denoted as MVP-VS and MVP view-agonistic (VA), for MVP diagnosis. Diagnostic accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F1-score, and specificity were evaluated for both BD and FED phenotypes. MVP-VS demonstrated an overall diagnostic accuracy of 0.94 for MVP. In the context of BD diagnosis, precision, sensitivity, F1-score, and specificity were 0.83, 1.00, 0.90, and 0.92, respectively. For FED diagnosis, the metrics were 1.00, 0.83, 0.91, and 1.00. MVP-VA exhibited an overall accuracy of 0.95, with BD-specific metrics of 0.85, 1.00, 0.92, and 0.94 and FED-specific metrics of 1.00, 0.83, 0.91, and 1.00. In particular, the MVP-VA model using mixed views for training demonstrated efficient diagnostic performance, eliminating the need for repeated development of MVP-VS models and improving the efficiency of the clinical pipeline by using arbitrary views in the deep learning model.

Conclusion: This study pioneers the integration of artificial intelligence into MVP diagnosis and demonstrates the effectiveness of deep neural networks in overcoming the challenges of traditional diagnostic methods. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed automated approach suggest its potential for clinical applications in the diagnosis of valvular heart disease.

目的:通过引入一种利用多视角超声心动图序列和深度学习的自动诊断方法,解决二尖瓣脱垂(MVP)传统诊断方法的局限性,特别是纤维弹性不足(FED)和巴洛氏病(BD):我们利用从复旦大学附属中山医院收集的超声心动图数据集来训练深度学习模型,该数据集包含心尖2腔(A2C)、心尖3腔(A3C)和心尖4腔(A4C)视图。我们分别训练了特定视图和视图拮抗深度神经网络模型,并将其命名为 MVP-VS 和 MVP 视图拮抗(VA),用于 MVP 诊断。对 BD 和 FED 表型的诊断准确度、精确度、灵敏度、F1-分数和特异性进行了评估。MVP-VS 对 MVP 的总体诊断准确率为 0.94。在 BD 诊断方面,精确度、灵敏度、F1-分数和特异性分别为 0.83、1.00、0.90 和 0.92。对于 FED 诊断,这些指标分别为 1.00、0.83、0.91 和 1.00。MVP-VA 的总体准确率为 0.95,BD 特定指标分别为 0.85、1.00、0.92 和 0.94,FED 特定指标分别为 1.00、0.83、0.91 和 1.00。特别是,使用混合视图训练的 MVP-VA 模型表现出了高效的诊断性能,无需重复开发 MVP-VS 模型,并通过在深度学习模型中使用任意视图提高了临床流水线的效率:本研究开创性地将人工智能整合到 MVP 诊断中,并证明了深度神经网络在克服传统诊断方法挑战方面的有效性。所提出的自动化方法的效率和准确性表明其在瓣膜性心脏病诊断中的临床应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A tri-leaflet mitral valve with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. 三叶二尖瓣伴左心室非充盈性心肌病。
Pub Date : 2024-10-26 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae111
Junko Iguchi, Sho Suzuki, Kazuhiro Kimura, Masatoshi Minamisawa, Koichiro Kuwahara
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引用次数: 0
CT-FFR by expanding coronary tree with Newton-Krylov-Schwarz method to solve the governing equations of CFD. 采用牛顿-克雷洛夫-施瓦茨方法扩展冠状树,以求解 CFD 的控制方程,从而实现 CT-FFR 的计算。
Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae106
Weifeng Guo, Wei He, Yige Lu, Jiasheng Yin, Li Shen, Shan Yang, Hang Jin, Xinhong Wang, Jiang Jun, Xinyang Hu, Jianwen Liang, Wenbin Wei, Jiansheng Wu, Hua Zhang, Hao Zhou, Yanqing Wu, Renqiang Yang, Jinyu Huang, Guoxin Tong, Beibei Gao, Rongliang Chen, Jia Liu, Zhengzheng Yan, Zaiheng Cheng, Jianan Wang, Chenguang Li, Zhifeng Yao, Mengsu Zeng, Junbo Ge

Aims: A new model of computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based algorithm for coronary CT angiography (CCTA)-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) (CT-FFR) analysis by expanding the coronary tree to smaller-diameter lumen (0.8 mm) using Newton-Krylov-Schwarz (NKS) method to solve the three-dimensional time-dependent incompressible Navier-Stokes equations has been developed; however, the diagnostic performance of this new method has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic performance of a novel CT-FFR technique by expanding the coronary tree in the CFD domain.

Methods and results: Six centres enrolled 338 symptomatic patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD) who prospectively underwent CCTA and FFR. Stenosis assessment in CCTA and CT-FFR analysis were performed in independent core laboratories. Haemodynamically significant stenosis was defined by a CT-FFR and FFR ≤ 0.80, and anatomically obstructive CAD was defined as a CCTA with stenosis ≥ 50%. Diagnostic performance of CT-FFR was evaluated against invasive FFR using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The correlation between CT-FFR and invasive FFR was analysed using the Spearman correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis. Intra-observer and inter-observer agreements were evaluated utilizing the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). In this study, 338 patients with 422 targeted vessels were investigated, revealing haemodynamically significant stenosis in 31.1% (105/338) of patients and anatomically obstructive stenosis in 54.1% of patients. On a per-vessel basis, the area under the ROC curve for CT-FFR was 0.94 vs. 0.76 for CCTA (P < 0.001). Per-vessel accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 89.8%, 89.3%, 90.0%, 79.0%, and 99.2%, respectively, for CT-FFR and were 68.4%, 82.8%, 62.3%, 48.1%, and 89.6%, respectively, for CCTA stenosis. CT-FFR and FFR were well correlated (r = 0.775, P < 0.001) with a Bland-Altman bias of 0.0011, and limits of agreement from -0.1509 to 0.1531 (P = 0.770). The ICCs with CT-FFR for intro- and inter-observer agreements were 0.919 (95% CI: 0.866-0.952) and 0.909 (95% CI: 0.851-0.945), respectively. The average computation time for CT-FFR analysis was maintained at 11.7 min.

Conclusion: This novel CT-FFR model with the inclusion of smaller lumen provides high diagnostic accuracy in detecting haemodynamically significant CAD. Furthermore, the integration of the NKS method ensures that the computation time remains within an acceptable range for potential clinical applications in the future.

目的:利用牛顿-克雷洛夫-施瓦茨(NKS)方法求解三维时变不可压缩纳维-斯托克斯方程,将冠状动脉树扩展到更小直径的管腔(0.8毫米),从而开发出一种基于计算流体动力学(CFD)的新模型,用于冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)得出的分数血流储备(FFR)(CT-FFR)分析。本研究旨在通过在 CFD 域中扩展冠状动脉树来确定新型 CT-FFR 技术的诊断性能:六个中心共招募了 338 名疑似或已知冠状动脉疾病(CAD)的无症状患者,对他们进行了前瞻性的 CCTA 和 FFR 检查。CCTA和CT-FFR分析中的狭窄评估由独立的核心实验室进行。CT-FFR和FFR≤0.80定义为血流动力学显著狭窄,CCTA狭窄≥50%定义为解剖学阻塞性CAD。利用接收器操作特征曲线(ROC)分析评估了 CT-FFR 与有创 FFR 的诊断性能。CT-FFR 与有创 FFR 之间的相关性采用 Spearman 相关系数和 Bland-Altman 分析法进行分析。利用类内相关系数(ICC)评估了观察者内部和观察者之间的一致性。这项研究共对 338 名患者的 422 条目标血管进行了检查,结果显示 31.1%(105/338)的患者存在血流动力学意义上的狭窄,54.1%的患者存在解剖学意义上的阻塞性狭窄。就每个血管而言,CT-FFR 的 ROC 曲线下面积为 0.94,而 CCTA 为 0.76(P < 0.001)。CT-FFR 的每血管准确性、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为 89.8%、89.3%、90.0%、79.0% 和 99.2%,而 CCTA 的血管狭窄准确性、敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为 68.4%、82.8%、62.3%、48.1% 和 89.6%。CT-FFR 和 FFR 的相关性很好(r = 0.775,P < 0.001),布兰-阿尔特曼偏差为 0.0011,一致性范围为 -0.1509 至 0.1531(P = 0.770)。CT-FFR 的观察者间和观察者内的 ICC 分别为 0.919(95% CI:0.866-0.952)和 0.909(95% CI:0.851-0.945)。CT-FFR 分析的平均计算时间保持在 11.7 分钟:结论:这一包含较小管腔的新型 CT-FFR 模型在检测有血流动力学意义的 CAD 方面具有很高的诊断准确性。此外,NKS 方法的整合确保了计算时间保持在可接受的范围内,从而为未来潜在的临床应用提供了保障。
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引用次数: 0
Multimodality imaging in recognizing and differentiating cardiac masses in a patient with cancer presenting with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. 多模态成像在识别和区分非ST段抬高型心肌梗死癌症患者心脏肿块中的应用。
Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae110
Vasileios Bouratzis, Lampros Lakkas, Christos Floros, Anna Lea Amylidi, Nikoleta Douskou, Ilektra Stamou, Katerina K Naka
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引用次数: 0
Predictors and clinical outcomes of true mitral stenosis in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. 经导管主动脉瓣植入术患者真正二尖瓣狭窄的预测因素和临床结果。
Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae109
Mitsuki Yamaga, Masaki Izumo, Yukio Sato, Tatsuro Shoji, Daisuke Miyahara, Yoshikuni Kobayashi, Takahiko Kai, Taishi Okuno, Shingo Kuwata, Masashi Koga, Yasuhiro Tanabe, Yoshihiro J Akashi

Aims: Predictors of true degenerative mitral stenosis (MS) in patients with aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the predictors and prognostic value of true degenerative MS in this population.

Methods and results: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 760 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI. The mitral valve area (MVA) was assessed using transthoracic echocardiography, and mitral valve calcification was assessed using multi-detector computed tomography. MS was defined as an MVA of ≤2.0 cm², and true MS was defined as moderate or severe MS following TAVI. In our TAVI cohort, we identified 72 (9.5%) patients with degenerative MS. Among these, true MS was observed in 38 (52.7%) patients. Echocardiographic data showed that the true MS group had a significantly lower MVA and higher trans-mitral gradient. The severity of mitral annular calcification was not significantly different between the two groups; however, the true MS group had significantly more posterior mitral leaflet and anterior mitral leaflet (AML) calcification. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that AML calcification was the independent predictor of true MS [adjusted odds ratio, 9.23; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.84-29.9]. True MS was independently associated with poor prognosis (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.76; 95% CI 1.09-6.98).

Conclusion: Approximately half of the patients with concomitant degenerative MS who underwent TAVI had true MS, which was associated with a poor prognosis. Computed tomographic analysis of AML calcification was useful for predicting true MS.

目的:在接受经导管主动脉瓣植入术(TAVI)的主动脉瓣狭窄患者中,真正退行性二尖瓣狭窄(MS)的预测因素仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨该人群中真正退行性二尖瓣狭窄的预测因素和预后价值:我们回顾性分析了 760 名连续接受 TAVI 患者的病历。二尖瓣面积(MVA)通过经胸超声心动图进行评估,二尖瓣钙化通过多载体计算机断层扫描进行评估。二尖瓣钙化的定义是 MVA ≤2.0 cm²,真正的二尖瓣钙化定义为 TAVI 术后中度或重度二尖瓣钙化。在我们的 TAVI 队列中,我们发现了 72 例(9.5%)退行性 MS 患者。其中,38 例(52.7%)患者出现了真正的 MS。超声心动图数据显示,真性 MS 组的 MVA 明显较低,跨瓣膜梯度较高。两组患者二尖瓣环钙化的严重程度无明显差异;然而,真MS组患者的二尖瓣后叶和二尖瓣前叶(AML)钙化程度明显更高。多变量逻辑回归分析显示,AML钙化是真正MS的独立预测因素[调整后的几率比为9.23;95%置信区间(CI)为2.84-29.9]。真正的MS与不良预后独立相关(调整后危险比为2.76;95% CI为1.09-6.98):结论:在接受 TAVI 的伴有退行性多发性硬化的患者中,约有一半患有真正的多发性硬化,这与不良预后有关。AML钙化的计算机断层扫描分析有助于预测真正的MS。
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引用次数: 0
Deep learning improves test-retest reproducibility of regional strain in echocardiography. 深度学习提高了超声心动图区域应变的测试-复验再现性。
Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae092
John Nyberg, Andreas Østvik, Ivar M Salte, Sindre Olaisen, Sigve Karlsen, Thomas Dahlslett, Erik Smistad, Torfinn Eriksen-Volnes, Harald Brunvand, Thor Edvardsen, Kristina H Haugaa, Lasse Lovstakken, Havard Dalen, Bjørnar Grenne

Aims: The clinical utility of regional strain measurements in echocardiography is challenged by suboptimal reproducibility. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the test-retest reproducibility of regional longitudinal strain (RLS) per coronary artery perfusion territory (RLSTerritory) and basal-to-apical level of the left ventricle (RLSLevel), measured by a novel fully automated deep learning (DL) method based on point tracking.

Methods and results: We measured strain in a dual-centre test-retest data set that included 40 controls and 40 patients with suspected non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. Two consecutive echocardiograms per subject were recorded by different operators. The reproducibility of RLSTerritory and RLSLevel measured by the DL method and by three experienced observers using semi-automatic software (2D Strain, EchoPAC, GE HealthCare) was evaluated as minimal detectable change (MDC). The DL method had MDC for RLSTerritory and RLSLevel ranging from 3.6 to 4.3%, corresponding to a 33-35% improved reproducibility compared with the inter- and intraobserver scenarios (MDC 5.5-6.4% and 4.9-5.4%). Furthermore, the DL method had a lower variance of test-retest differences for both RLSTerritory and RLSLevel compared with inter- and intraobserver scenarios (all P < 0.001). Bland-Altman analyses demonstrated superior reproducibility by the DL method for the whole range of strain values compared with the best observer scenarios. The feasibility of the DL method was 93% and measurement time was only 1 s per echocardiogram.

Conclusion: The novel DL method provided fully automated measurements of RLS, with improved test-retest reproducibility compared with semi-automatic measurements by experienced observers. RLS measured by the DL method has the potential to advance patient care through a more detailed, more efficient, and less user-dependent clinical assessment of myocardial function.

目的:超声心动图中区域应变测量的临床实用性受到重复性不佳的挑战。在这项研究中,我们旨在评估基于点跟踪的新型全自动深度学习(DL)方法测量的每个冠状动脉灌注区域(RLSTerritory)和左心室基底至心尖水平(RLSLevel)的区域纵向应变(RLS)的测试-重测可重复性:我们在双中心测试-重测数据集中测量了应变,其中包括 40 名对照组和 40 名疑似非 ST 段抬高急性冠状动脉综合征患者。每个受试者由不同的操作员记录两张连续的超声心动图。通过 DL 方法和三位经验丰富的观察者使用半自动软件(2D Strain,EchoPAC,GE HealthCare)测量的 RLSTerritory 和 RLSLevel 的重现性以最小可检测变化(MDC)进行评估。DL 方法的 RLSTerritory 和 RLSLevel 的 MDC 为 3.6% 至 4.3%,与观察者之间和观察者内部的情况(MDC 为 5.5-6.4% 和 4.9-5.4%)相比,可重复性提高了 33-35%。此外,与观察者间和观察者内方案相比,DL 方法在 RLSTerritory 和 RLSLevel 方面的测试-重测差异方差较小(所有 P < 0.001)。Bland-Altman分析表明,与最佳观察者方案相比,DL方法在整个应变值范围内的重现性更优。DL 方法的可行性为 93%,每张超声心动图的测量时间仅为 1 秒:结论:新颖的 DL 方法可对 RLS 进行全自动测量,与经验丰富的观察者进行的半自动测量相比,其测试重复性更高。通过 DL 方法测量的 RLS 可对心肌功能进行更详细、更高效、对用户依赖性更低的临床评估,从而提高对患者的护理水平。
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引用次数: 0
A blood cyst in the aortic root after acute myocardial infarction. 急性心肌梗死后主动脉根部的血囊肿。
Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae107
Masaya Hirayama, Satoshi Kainuma, Takeshi Kitai, Kisaki Amemiya, Satsuki Fukushima
{"title":"A blood cyst in the aortic root after acute myocardial infarction.","authors":"Masaya Hirayama, Satoshi Kainuma, Takeshi Kitai, Kisaki Amemiya, Satsuki Fukushima","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyae107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjimp/qyae107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"2 3","pages":"qyae107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction without flow-limiting obstructions in the epicardial coronary arteries on angiography: coronary artery vasospasm, myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries or spontaneous coronary artery dissection? 血管造影显示心外膜冠状动脉无血流限制性阻塞的一过性 ST 段抬高心肌梗死:冠状动脉血管痉挛、冠状动脉无阻塞性心肌梗死还是自发性冠状动脉夹层?
Pub Date : 2024-10-12 eCollection Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyae104
Sahrai Saeed, Trond Cooper, Anne Margrethe Tveit, Svein Rotevatn, Terje H Larsen
{"title":"Transient ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction without flow-limiting obstructions in the epicardial coronary arteries on angiography: coronary artery vasospasm, myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries or spontaneous coronary artery dissection?","authors":"Sahrai Saeed, Trond Cooper, Anne Margrethe Tveit, Svein Rotevatn, Terje H Larsen","doi":"10.1093/ehjimp/qyae104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjimp/qyae104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94317,"journal":{"name":"European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice","volume":"2 3","pages":"qyae104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice
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