Revista clinica espanola最新文献

Background: Measles is one of the most contagious infectious diseases. Spain was declared free of endemic measles transmission in 2017. However, less than half of EU/EEA countries have achieved vaccination coverage goals and measles outbreaks have been reported recently, some of them in healthcare facilities. The aim of this study was to present an outbreak in the pediatric emergency (ER) waiting room affecting a vaccinated healthcare worker.

Methods: Descriptive study of an outbreak whose transmission occurred in the pediatric ER waiting room of a tertiary level hospital on the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands) in April 2024.

Results: Between April 23 and May 12, 2024, four PCR-confirmed measles cases were identified, resulting in 407 contacts in healthcare center waiting rooms. One of the cases was a 26-year-old male nurse who had been correctly vaccinated with two doses of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine during childhood. Between May 7 and 10, during his infective period, he took two two-and-a-half-hour flights and lived together with nine people during a trip. No evidence of infection has been identified among the individuals with whom he lived neither the passengers and crew of the two flights.

Conclusions: In the emergency waiting room, an unvaccinated girl gave measles to two infants who were not yet old enough to be vaccinated and to a nurse who had been properly vaccinated as an infant. Despite generating more than 300 close contacts, the nurse did not infect anyone, suggesting that vaccination may help prevent both infection and transmission of measles.

Point-of-Care Ultrasound has significantly evolved, establishing itself as an essential tool in daily medical practice, especially in various clinical contexts. This consensus document, supported by several Spanish medical societies, proposes guidelines for the effective integration of ultrasound in healthcare, promoting its standardization and ensuring the quality and systematic application of this technique. The working groups, composed of experts from different specialties, conducted a comprehensive review of the literature in MEDLINE and extensively discussed recommendations to formulate a coherent and practical set of guidelines for different application areas: hospital and out-of-hospital emergencies and critical care, primary care, and outpatient hospital care, hospitalization. The methodology included virtual meetings and confidential voting to reach a consensus on the relevant recommendations. Ultrasound was highlighted as fundamental in the initial approach to various pathologies, such as abdominal, thoracic, and musculoskeletal issues, facilitating quick and accurate diagnoses, and reducing the need for unnecessary referrals. Furthermore, this technique has proven valuable in emergencies and critical care, guiding procedures and enhancing the safety and efficiency of clinical interventions. These guidelines not only serve as a framework for clinical practice, education, and research but also aim to ensure that professionals are adequately trained and that ultrasound evaluations are performed to a standard of excellence. The purpose of these recommendations is to standardize and facilitate the adoption of this clinical tool in the daily practice of healthcare, thus improving the quality of the services provided in its various possible applications.