Abstract Background Mesoporous silica-loaded docetaxel trihydrate nanoparticles are the potential to target drug delivery toward a specific region with high stability and predictable release at the target region. They have large surface areas and mesoporous structures with large pore volumes, leading to high bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy at the disease site. This study demonstrates how nanoparticles can be prepared using an emulsion technique. Results The ratios of eudragit S100 to eudragit L100 polymers, along with phosphatidylcholine, were varied according to the response surface methodology. Differential scanning colorimetry and fluorinated transmitted infrared spectroscopy studies showed that mesoporous silica particles were successful. All formulations had average particle sizes ranging from 70.65 to 143.01 nm, with a range of zeta potential from 17.6 ± 026 to 21 ± 011. In vitro drug delivery studies were achieved for all formulations with a zeta potential of 17.6 ± 026 to 21 ± 011. As per the statistical optimization by RSM that response model for percentage drug loading ( Y 1 ) was found to be 0.0002 which is p -value < 0.05. Hence, the model is significance. Accordingly percentage drug release at 6 h. ( Y 2 ) p -value was found to be 0.0001 and percentage drug release at 10 h ( Y 3 ) p -value was found to be 0.0002, respectively. So all the models are significant. After oral administration of the docetaxel, plasma levels were measured in vivo bioavailability testing of docetaxel. Docetaxel nanosuspension had a significantly higher C max amount than docetaxel microsuspension (98.03 ± 23.40 ng/ml and 213.67 ± 72.21 ng/ml, respectively, with t max 45 min). Docetaxel was more bioavailable in nanosuspension formulations, according to a bioavailability test of rats. Conclusion The results suggested that the mesoporous silica could be a great potential nanocarrier in colonic delivery with optimal drug content and controlled release docetaxel trihydrate.
介孔二氧化硅负载的三水合多西紫杉醇纳米颗粒具有高稳定性和可预测释放的潜力，可以将药物输送到特定区域。它们具有大表面积和大孔体积的介孔结构，在疾病部位具有高生物利用度和治疗效果。本研究演示了如何使用乳液技术制备纳米颗粒。结果响应面法测定了乌曲油S100与乌曲油L100聚合物以及磷脂酰胆碱的比例。差示扫描比色法和氟化透射红外光谱研究表明，介孔二氧化硅颗粒是成功的。平均粒径范围为70.65 ~ 143.01 nm, zeta电位范围为17.6±026 ~ 21±011。所有制剂的zeta电位范围为17.6±026至21±011，均实现了体外给药研究。经RSM统计优化，药量百分比(Y 1)的响应模型为0.0002,p值为<0.05. 因此，模型是有意义的。因此，6 h (Y 2) p值为0.0001,10 h (Y 3) p值为0.0002。所以所有的模型都很重要。口服多西紫杉醇后，测定多西紫杉醇体内生物利用度试验的血浆水平。多西紫杉醇纳米混悬液的最大C含量显著高于多西紫杉醇微悬液(分别为98.03±23.40 ng/ml和213.67±72.21 ng/ml，最大t含量均为45 min)。根据对大鼠的生物利用度测试，多西紫杉醇在纳米混悬液中具有更高的生物利用度。结论介孔二氧化硅是一种极具潜力的结肠给药纳米载体，具有最佳的药物含量和控释效果。
{"title":"Fabrication, design, and in vivo investigation of mesoporous silica-based docetaxel trihydrate nanoparticles for colonic drug delivery","authors":"Subhabrota Majumdar, Mohini Mondal, Anirbandeep Bose, Ayan Kumar Kar, Rana Mazumder","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01117-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01117-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Mesoporous silica-loaded docetaxel trihydrate nanoparticles are the potential to target drug delivery toward a specific region with high stability and predictable release at the target region. They have large surface areas and mesoporous structures with large pore volumes, leading to high bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy at the disease site. This study demonstrates how nanoparticles can be prepared using an emulsion technique. Results The ratios of eudragit S100 to eudragit L100 polymers, along with phosphatidylcholine, were varied according to the response surface methodology. Differential scanning colorimetry and fluorinated transmitted infrared spectroscopy studies showed that mesoporous silica particles were successful. All formulations had average particle sizes ranging from 70.65 to 143.01 nm, with a range of zeta potential from 17.6 ± 026 to 21 ± 011. In vitro drug delivery studies were achieved for all formulations with a zeta potential of 17.6 ± 026 to 21 ± 011. As per the statistical optimization by RSM that response model for percentage drug loading ( Y 1 ) was found to be 0.0002 which is p -value < 0.05. Hence, the model is significance. Accordingly percentage drug release at 6 h. ( Y 2 ) p -value was found to be 0.0001 and percentage drug release at 10 h ( Y 3 ) p -value was found to be 0.0002, respectively. So all the models are significant. After oral administration of the docetaxel, plasma levels were measured in vivo bioavailability testing of docetaxel. Docetaxel nanosuspension had a significantly higher C max amount than docetaxel microsuspension (98.03 ± 23.40 ng/ml and 213.67 ± 72.21 ng/ml, respectively, with t max 45 min). Docetaxel was more bioavailable in nanosuspension formulations, according to a bioavailability test of rats. Conclusion The results suggested that the mesoporous silica could be a great potential nanocarrier in colonic delivery with optimal drug content and controlled release docetaxel trihydrate.","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01114-w
Ekene Onyiriuka
Abstract Background The accurate prediction of viscosity in nanofluids is essential for comprehending their flow behavior and enhancing their effectiveness in different industries. This research delves into modeling the viscosity of nanofluids and assessing various models through cross-validation techniques. The models are compared based on the root mean square error of the cross-validation sets, which served as the selection criteria. The main body of the abstract Four feature selection algorithms namely the minimum redundancy maximum relevance, F-test, RReliefF were evaluated to identify the most influential features for viscosity prediction. The feature selection based on physical meaning was the algorithm that yielded the best results, as outlined in this study. This methodology takes into account the physical relevance of most aspects of the nanofluid's viscosity. To assess the predictive performance of the models, a cross-validation process was conducted, which provided a robust evaluation. The root mean squared error of the validation sets was used to compare the models. This rigorous evaluation identified the most accurate and reliable model for predicting nanofluid viscosity. Results The results showed that the novel feature selection algorithm outclassed the established approaches in predicting the viscosity of single material nanofluid. The proposed feature selection algorithm had a root mean squared error of 0.022 and an r squared value of 0.9941 for the validation set, while for the test set, the root mean squared error was 0.0146, the mean squared error was 0.0157, the r squared value was 0.9924. Conclusions This research provides valuable insights into nanofluid viscosity and offers guidance on choosing the most suitable features for viscosity modeling. The study also highlights the importance of using physical meaning to select features and cross-validation to assess model performance. The models developed in this study can be helpful in predicting nanofluid viscosity and optimizing their use in different industrial processes.
{"title":"Modeling nanofluid viscosity: comparing models and optimizing feature selection—a novel approach","authors":"Ekene Onyiriuka","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01114-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01114-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The accurate prediction of viscosity in nanofluids is essential for comprehending their flow behavior and enhancing their effectiveness in different industries. This research delves into modeling the viscosity of nanofluids and assessing various models through cross-validation techniques. The models are compared based on the root mean square error of the cross-validation sets, which served as the selection criteria. The main body of the abstract Four feature selection algorithms namely the minimum redundancy maximum relevance, F-test, RReliefF were evaluated to identify the most influential features for viscosity prediction. The feature selection based on physical meaning was the algorithm that yielded the best results, as outlined in this study. This methodology takes into account the physical relevance of most aspects of the nanofluid's viscosity. To assess the predictive performance of the models, a cross-validation process was conducted, which provided a robust evaluation. The root mean squared error of the validation sets was used to compare the models. This rigorous evaluation identified the most accurate and reliable model for predicting nanofluid viscosity. Results The results showed that the novel feature selection algorithm outclassed the established approaches in predicting the viscosity of single material nanofluid. The proposed feature selection algorithm had a root mean squared error of 0.022 and an r squared value of 0.9941 for the validation set, while for the test set, the root mean squared error was 0.0146, the mean squared error was 0.0157, the r squared value was 0.9924. Conclusions This research provides valuable insights into nanofluid viscosity and offers guidance on choosing the most suitable features for viscosity modeling. The study also highlights the importance of using physical meaning to select features and cross-validation to assess model performance. The models developed in this study can be helpful in predicting nanofluid viscosity and optimizing their use in different industrial processes.","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01111-z
Edwiga Renald, Joram Buza, Jean M. Tchuenche, Verdiana G. Masanja
Abstract Background Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important viral disease of cattle caused by lumpy disease virus (LSDV) and transmitted by blood-feeding insects, such as certain species of flies and mosquitoes, or ticks. Direct transmission can occur but at low rate and efficiency. Vaccination has been used as the major disease control method in cooperation with other methods, yet outbreaks recur and the disease still persists and is subsequently spreading into new territories. LSD has of late been spreading at an alarming rate to many countries in the world including Africa where it originated, Middle East, Asia and some member countries of the European Union except the Western Hemisphere, New Zealand and Australia. In order to take control of the disease, various research endeavors are going on different fronts including epidemiology, virology, social economics and modeling, just to mention a few. This systematic review aims at exploring models that have been formulated and/or adopted to study the disease, estimate the advancement in knowledge accrued from these studies and highlight more areas that can be further advanced using this important tool. Main body of the abstract Electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE were searched for published records on modeling of LSD in a period of ten (10) years from 2013 to 2022 written in English language only. Extracted information was the title, objectives of the study, type of formulated or adopted models and study findings. A total of 31 publications met the inclusion criteria in the systematic review. Most studies were conducted in Europe reflecting the concern for LSD outbreaks in Eastern Europe and also availability of research funding. Majority of modeling publications were focused on LSD transmission behavior, and the kernel-based modeling was more popular. The role of modeling was organized into four categories, namely risk factors, transmission behaviors, diagnosis and forecasting, and intervention strategies. The results on modeling outbreaks data identified various factors including breed type, weather, vegetation, topography, animal density, herd size, proximity to infected farms or countries and importation of animals and animal products. Using these modeling techniques, it should be possible to come up with LSD risk maps in many regions or countries particularly in Africa to advise cattle herders to avoid high risk areas. Indirect transmission by insect vectors was the major transmission route with Stomoxys calcitrans being more effective, indicating need to include insect control mechanisms in reducing the spread of LSD. However, as the disease spread further into cold climates of Russia, data show new emerging trends; in that transmission was still occurring at temperatures that preclude insect activities, probably by direct contact, and furthermore, some outbreaks were not caused by field viruses, instead, by vaccine-like viruses due to recombination of vaccine st
{"title":"The role of modeling in the epidemiology and control of lumpy skin disease: a systematic review","authors":"Edwiga Renald, Joram Buza, Jean M. Tchuenche, Verdiana G. Masanja","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01111-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01111-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important viral disease of cattle caused by lumpy disease virus (LSDV) and transmitted by blood-feeding insects, such as certain species of flies and mosquitoes, or ticks. Direct transmission can occur but at low rate and efficiency. Vaccination has been used as the major disease control method in cooperation with other methods, yet outbreaks recur and the disease still persists and is subsequently spreading into new territories. LSD has of late been spreading at an alarming rate to many countries in the world including Africa where it originated, Middle East, Asia and some member countries of the European Union except the Western Hemisphere, New Zealand and Australia. In order to take control of the disease, various research endeavors are going on different fronts including epidemiology, virology, social economics and modeling, just to mention a few. This systematic review aims at exploring models that have been formulated and/or adopted to study the disease, estimate the advancement in knowledge accrued from these studies and highlight more areas that can be further advanced using this important tool. Main body of the abstract Electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE were searched for published records on modeling of LSD in a period of ten (10) years from 2013 to 2022 written in English language only. Extracted information was the title, objectives of the study, type of formulated or adopted models and study findings. A total of 31 publications met the inclusion criteria in the systematic review. Most studies were conducted in Europe reflecting the concern for LSD outbreaks in Eastern Europe and also availability of research funding. Majority of modeling publications were focused on LSD transmission behavior, and the kernel-based modeling was more popular. The role of modeling was organized into four categories, namely risk factors, transmission behaviors, diagnosis and forecasting, and intervention strategies. The results on modeling outbreaks data identified various factors including breed type, weather, vegetation, topography, animal density, herd size, proximity to infected farms or countries and importation of animals and animal products. Using these modeling techniques, it should be possible to come up with LSD risk maps in many regions or countries particularly in Africa to advise cattle herders to avoid high risk areas. Indirect transmission by insect vectors was the major transmission route with Stomoxys calcitrans being more effective, indicating need to include insect control mechanisms in reducing the spread of LSD. However, as the disease spread further into cold climates of Russia, data show new emerging trends; in that transmission was still occurring at temperatures that preclude insect activities, probably by direct contact, and furthermore, some outbreaks were not caused by field viruses, instead, by vaccine-like viruses due to recombination of vaccine st","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135395698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01115-9
Ekene Onyiriuka
Abstract Background This research introduces a novel approach for modelling single-material nanofluids, considering the constituents and characteristics of the fluids under investigation. The primary focus of this study was to develop models for predicting the thermal conductivity of nanofluids using a range of machine learning algorithms, including ensembles, trees, neural networks, linear regression, Gaussian process regressors, and support vector machines. The main body of the abstract To identify the most relevant features for accurate thermal conductivity prediction, the study compared the performance of established feature selection algorithms, such as minimum redundancy maximum relevance, Ftest, and RReliefF, a newly proposed feature selection algorithm. The novel algorithm eliminated features lacking direct implications for fluid thermal conductivity. The selected features included temperature as a thermal property of the fluid itself, multiphase features such as volume fraction and particle size, and material features including nanoparticle material and base fluid material, which could be fixed based on any two intensive properties. Statistical methods were employed to select the features accordingly. Results The results demonstrated that the novel feature selection algorithm outperformed the established approaches in predicting the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. The models were evaluated using fivefold cross-validation, and the best model was the model based on the proposed feature selection algorithm that exhibited a root-mean-squared error of validation of 1.83 and an R-squared value of 0.94 on validation set. The model achieved a root-mean-squared error of 1.46 and an R-squared value of 0.97 for the test set. Conclusions The developed predictive model holds practical significance by enabling nanofluids' numerical study and optimisation before their creation. This model facilitates the customisation of conventional fluids to attain desired fluid properties, particularly their thermal properties. Additionally, the model permits the exploration of numerous nanofluid variations based on permutations of their features. Consequently, this research contributes valuable insights to the design and optimisation of nanofluid systems, advancing our understanding and application of thermal conductivity in nanofluids and introducing a novel and methodological approach for feature selection in machine learning.
{"title":"Predictive modelling of thermal conductivity in single-material nanofluids: a novel approach","authors":"Ekene Onyiriuka","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01115-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01115-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background This research introduces a novel approach for modelling single-material nanofluids, considering the constituents and characteristics of the fluids under investigation. The primary focus of this study was to develop models for predicting the thermal conductivity of nanofluids using a range of machine learning algorithms, including ensembles, trees, neural networks, linear regression, Gaussian process regressors, and support vector machines. The main body of the abstract To identify the most relevant features for accurate thermal conductivity prediction, the study compared the performance of established feature selection algorithms, such as minimum redundancy maximum relevance, Ftest, and RReliefF, a newly proposed feature selection algorithm. The novel algorithm eliminated features lacking direct implications for fluid thermal conductivity. The selected features included temperature as a thermal property of the fluid itself, multiphase features such as volume fraction and particle size, and material features including nanoparticle material and base fluid material, which could be fixed based on any two intensive properties. Statistical methods were employed to select the features accordingly. Results The results demonstrated that the novel feature selection algorithm outperformed the established approaches in predicting the thermal conductivity of nanofluids. The models were evaluated using fivefold cross-validation, and the best model was the model based on the proposed feature selection algorithm that exhibited a root-mean-squared error of validation of 1.83 and an R-squared value of 0.94 on validation set. The model achieved a root-mean-squared error of 1.46 and an R-squared value of 0.97 for the test set. Conclusions The developed predictive model holds practical significance by enabling nanofluids' numerical study and optimisation before their creation. This model facilitates the customisation of conventional fluids to attain desired fluid properties, particularly their thermal properties. Additionally, the model permits the exploration of numerous nanofluid variations based on permutations of their features. Consequently, this research contributes valuable insights to the design and optimisation of nanofluid systems, advancing our understanding and application of thermal conductivity in nanofluids and introducing a novel and methodological approach for feature selection in machine learning.","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135396526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01113-x
Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha
Abstract Background Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. has several well-established nutritional and therapeutic applications. Following our desire to investigate the global and scientific community's knowledge of medicinal plants, this study was intended to examine the evolution of knowledge related to M. Koenigii studies. The primary purpose of this paper is to clarify the status of these studies, investigate their methods, findings, and trends, and define their significance within the current research landscape. Results To achieve these goals, bibliometric analysis was conducted, retrieving, and analyzing 934 original articles published between 1965 and 2023 based on Scopus Dataset results. Data were exported as CVS (comma-separated values) and BibTex files and analyzed using Bibliometrix and VOSviewer software. Articles from 502 sources have been identified, averaging 21.8 citations per document. The research in this plant has had exponential growth ( R 2 = 0.77). International co-authorship is 13.08%. India and Malaysia are the top publishing countries. Debajo, A.C. (Nigeria), Phatak,R.S. (India), and Sukari,M.A. (Malaysia) are the most productive authors. The top source is the Journal of Ethnopharmacology. "Green synthesis," "nanoparticles," "oxidative stress," "Asian citrus psyllid," "apoptosis," "antimicrobial," "anticancer," "Chromatographic profile," "bioactive compounds," and "alkaloids" are strongly related to the current trends in M. Koenigii research. Regarding the specialized topics, M. Koenigii 's study concentrated on using this plant as an antioxidant agent in manufacturing and biological systems. Dynamic subjects like chromatographic profiles, essential oils, and Asian citrus psyllids were included in the motor theme. Conclusions The current study used bibliometric techniques to evaluate research on M. Koenigii and identify trends and potential future research hot spots.
{"title":"Global research trends of the studies on Murraya koenigii (L.) spreng: a Scopus-based comprehensive bibliometric investigation (1965–2023)","authors":"Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab, Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01113-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01113-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. has several well-established nutritional and therapeutic applications. Following our desire to investigate the global and scientific community's knowledge of medicinal plants, this study was intended to examine the evolution of knowledge related to M. Koenigii studies. The primary purpose of this paper is to clarify the status of these studies, investigate their methods, findings, and trends, and define their significance within the current research landscape. Results To achieve these goals, bibliometric analysis was conducted, retrieving, and analyzing 934 original articles published between 1965 and 2023 based on Scopus Dataset results. Data were exported as CVS (comma-separated values) and BibTex files and analyzed using Bibliometrix and VOSviewer software. Articles from 502 sources have been identified, averaging 21.8 citations per document. The research in this plant has had exponential growth ( R 2 = 0.77). International co-authorship is 13.08%. India and Malaysia are the top publishing countries. Debajo, A.C. (Nigeria), Phatak,R.S. (India), and Sukari,M.A. (Malaysia) are the most productive authors. The top source is the Journal of Ethnopharmacology. \"Green synthesis,\" \"nanoparticles,\" \"oxidative stress,\" \"Asian citrus psyllid,\" \"apoptosis,\" \"antimicrobial,\" \"anticancer,\" \"Chromatographic profile,\" \"bioactive compounds,\" and \"alkaloids\" are strongly related to the current trends in M. Koenigii research. Regarding the specialized topics, M. Koenigii 's study concentrated on using this plant as an antioxidant agent in manufacturing and biological systems. Dynamic subjects like chromatographic profiles, essential oils, and Asian citrus psyllids were included in the motor theme. Conclusions The current study used bibliometric techniques to evaluate research on M. Koenigii and identify trends and potential future research hot spots.","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134912934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01112-y
Hadiza Aliyu-Amoo, Hamza Ibrahim Isa
Abstract Background Infectious diseases remain a major source of death and sickness globally. Their management entails use of antimicrobials. However, emergence of microbial resistance to these agents is on the increase. Inflammation and oxidative stress also accompany disease states. Newer agents to counter microbes, inflammation and oxidative stress are needed. Terminalia avicennioides Guill and Perr. is regularly exploited as a traditional remedy to numerous complaints, comprising infections, inflammation and enhancement of well-being. This study was intended to examine the effects of the root extracts and fractions of T. avicennioides against select bacteria and fungi as well as their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant assessments were conducted with broth microdilution technique, lipoxygenase and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. Results All the bacteria displayed varying susceptibility to the different extracts. The extracts caused good antibacterial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Stenotrophomonas maltophilis, Enterobacter cloaca, Klebsiella pneumoniae , Echinococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli , but moderate for Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Antifungal action varied from good to moderate against Fusarium spp , moderate against Aspergillus niger but inactive against Candida albicans. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were dose-dependent, recording robust activity at higher concentrations. The n -butanol fraction manifested the highest anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, then ethylacetate while methanol extract showed better activities among hot and cold water extracts. Conclusions The analysis of the biological activities of T. avicennioides root extracts and fractions revealed encouraging antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which were dose reliant. The different extracts and fractions displayed variable grades of activity. The plant showed good antibacterial but weak antifungal action. These activities could be credited to polyphenols and other plant constituents. This report may explain some of the traditional medicinal uses of the plant and could open the door for further studies in search of newer compounds against microbial organisms, inflammation and/or oxidative stress.
{"title":"Antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the root extracts and fractions of Terminalia avicennioides Guill. and Perr.","authors":"Hadiza Aliyu-Amoo, Hamza Ibrahim Isa","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01112-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01112-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Infectious diseases remain a major source of death and sickness globally. Their management entails use of antimicrobials. However, emergence of microbial resistance to these agents is on the increase. Inflammation and oxidative stress also accompany disease states. Newer agents to counter microbes, inflammation and oxidative stress are needed. Terminalia avicennioides Guill and Perr. is regularly exploited as a traditional remedy to numerous complaints, comprising infections, inflammation and enhancement of well-being. This study was intended to examine the effects of the root extracts and fractions of T. avicennioides against select bacteria and fungi as well as their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant assessments were conducted with broth microdilution technique, lipoxygenase and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. Results All the bacteria displayed varying susceptibility to the different extracts. The extracts caused good antibacterial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Stenotrophomonas maltophilis, Enterobacter cloaca, Klebsiella pneumoniae , Echinococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli , but moderate for Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Antifungal action varied from good to moderate against Fusarium spp , moderate against Aspergillus niger but inactive against Candida albicans. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were dose-dependent, recording robust activity at higher concentrations. The n -butanol fraction manifested the highest anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, then ethylacetate while methanol extract showed better activities among hot and cold water extracts. Conclusions The analysis of the biological activities of T. avicennioides root extracts and fractions revealed encouraging antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which were dose reliant. The different extracts and fractions displayed variable grades of activity. The plant showed good antibacterial but weak antifungal action. These activities could be credited to polyphenols and other plant constituents. This report may explain some of the traditional medicinal uses of the plant and could open the door for further studies in search of newer compounds against microbial organisms, inflammation and/or oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135825011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01110-0
Jonathan Cordivani, Lamy Clotilde, Boulvain Michel, Riera Catherine
Abstract Background Dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are well-known diseases and are part of a very broad spectrum evolving toward non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This entity has not been described in pregnant women and could have obstetrical repercussions. Case presentation A 26-year-old woman with 28 + 5 weeks of pregnancy presented with preterm labor. At admission, a significant hepatic cytolysis was detected (AST/ALT 265/485 U/L—GGT/alkaline phosphatase 60/164 U/L). She had normal blood pressure and negative 24-h proteinuria. She did not have intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (bile acid at 7) and also no organic hepatic etiology (negative serologies and imaging). This cytolysis worsened until a more detailed history revealed a potential etiology: a diet very rich in sugars and fatty acids corresponding to a NASH syndrome. Dietary rebalancing improved the cytolysis. Complications such as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and preterm birth favored by significant dyslipidemia could not be avoided. Conclusions It is important to consider the lipid profile of our patients. This will allow for a more personalized follow-up given the possible obstetrical repercussions that can arise from this pathology. It should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver test alterations during pregnancy. A healthy diet seems to help control the disease.
{"title":"Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in pregnancy: a case report","authors":"Jonathan Cordivani, Lamy Clotilde, Boulvain Michel, Riera Catherine","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01110-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01110-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are well-known diseases and are part of a very broad spectrum evolving toward non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This entity has not been described in pregnant women and could have obstetrical repercussions. Case presentation A 26-year-old woman with 28 + 5 weeks of pregnancy presented with preterm labor. At admission, a significant hepatic cytolysis was detected (AST/ALT 265/485 U/L—GGT/alkaline phosphatase 60/164 U/L). She had normal blood pressure and negative 24-h proteinuria. She did not have intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (bile acid at 7) and also no organic hepatic etiology (negative serologies and imaging). This cytolysis worsened until a more detailed history revealed a potential etiology: a diet very rich in sugars and fatty acids corresponding to a NASH syndrome. Dietary rebalancing improved the cytolysis. Complications such as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and preterm birth favored by significant dyslipidemia could not be avoided. Conclusions It is important to consider the lipid profile of our patients. This will allow for a more personalized follow-up given the possible obstetrical repercussions that can arise from this pathology. It should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver test alterations during pregnancy. A healthy diet seems to help control the disease.","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01109-7
A. Shamseldin
{"title":"How to manage a scientific project in biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and the topics that needed to be searched?","authors":"A. Shamseldin","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01109-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01109-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86229512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01107-9
N. Morris, M. Nighot
{"title":"Understanding the health risks and emerging concerns associated with the use of long-term proton pump inhibitors","authors":"N. Morris, M. Nighot","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01107-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01107-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"62 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76007212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1186/s42269-023-01108-8
M. Munif, M. Safawat, Abdul Hannan
{"title":"Surgical intervention for the correction of fecal impaction in an obstipated cat with an old compression injury in the lumbosacral region of the spine","authors":"M. Munif, M. Safawat, Abdul Hannan","doi":"10.1186/s42269-023-01108-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-023-01108-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9460,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Research Centre","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77351915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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