Cancer Investigation最新文献

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known to have the worst outcome compared to the other forms of breast cancer. Moreover, molecular markers identified basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) phenotypes to be also related to a worse prognosis. In this study, we evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the prognostic significance of combining Cytokeratin-19 (CK19), E-cadherin, and Ki-67 tissue expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cases presenting a basal-like (BLBC) or a non-basal-like (n-BLBC) phenotype to improve the selection and the monitoring of BC patients with a more aggressive outcome. Herein, when compared to n-BLBC, patients with BLBC showed a positive correlation with lymph node metastasis occurrence and lower survival rates. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed significantly lower E-cadherin prevalence and higher prevalence of both CK19 and Ki-67 in BLBC when compared to n-BLBC. Spearman correlation showed that E-cadherin is negatively and significantly correlated to CK19 and Ki-67 expressions. Moreover, in BLBC, expressing both CK19 and Ki-67 combined with E-cadherin loss was associated with the worst relapse-free and overall survival. In conclusion, TNBC/BLBC phenotypes simultaneously losing E-cadherin and overexpressing CK19 and Ki-67 markers are the most aggressive forms. This combined analysis could be a predictive marker of poor prognosis.

Primary pulmonary salivary gland tumors (PSGT) constitute a rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, no established treatment guidelines exist for advanced PSGT. The efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy for PSGT within the context of NSCLC remains uncertain. Therefore, we retrospectively collected 37 PSGT patients who underwent first-line platinum-based chemotherapy from 2010 to 2023. Survival analysis, employing the Kaplan-Meier method, and group comparisons via the log rank test were conducted. Our results show that first-line platinum-based chemotherapy demonstrates favorable efficacy and manageable safety in advanced PSGT, with the combination of Paclitaxel + Platinum emerging as a preferred option.

Although several observational studies have reported a link between the use of underarm cosmetic products and the risk of breast cancer, the findings remain inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate these associations using a meta-analysis of observational studies. In the meta-analysis of seven case-control studies, we found no association between the use of underarm antiperspirants or deodorants and the risk of breast cancer (OR = 0.96, 95%CI 0.78-1.17; I² = 60.0%). Further prospective cohort studies that provide a higher level of evidence are warranted to confirm our findings.

Breast cancer with increased risk in women is identified with Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Breast MRI) and this helps in evaluating treatment therapies. Breast MRI is time time-consuming process that involves the assessment of current imaging. This research work depends on the detection of breast cancer at the earlier stages. Among various cancers, breast cancer in women occurs in larger accounts for almost 30% of estimated cancer cases. In this research, many steps are followed for breast cancer detection like pre-processing, segmentation, augmentation, extraction of features, and cancer detection. Here, the median filter is utilized for pre-processing, as well as segmentation is followed after pre-processing, which is done by Psi-Net. Moreover, the process of augmentation like shearing, translation, and cropping are followed after segmentation. Also, the segmented image tends to process feature extraction, where features like shape features, Completed Local Binary Pattern (CLBP), Pyramid Histogram of Oriented Gradients (PHOG), and statistical features are extracted. Finally, breast cancer is detected using the DL model, SqueezeNet. Here, the newly devised Flamingo Search SailFish Optimizer (FSSFO) is used in training Psi-Net as well as SqueezeNet. Furthermore, FSSFO is the combination of both the Flamingo Search Algorithm (FSA) and SailFish Optimizer (SFO).

We aimed to examine the relationship between body image and the meaning of life among women with breast cancer. The analytic sample included 142 women with breast cancer, and data were collected using a standardized questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. We used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson test, Spearman and Mann-Whitney U test to determine the relationship between the research variables. We found an association between the mean score of body image and the mean score of the meaning of life. As the average score of body image increases, the score of the meaning of life increases (p < 0.05). Findings indicated that the body image score increases by increasing the score of the meaning of life and its dimensions, especially existential vacuum and acceptance of death. Future research and targeted treatments should consider the role of body image in shaping the meaning of life among women with breast cancer.

The role of tweety homolog 3 (TTYH3) has been studied in several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and gastric cancer. The results showed that TTYH3 is highly expression in cervical cancer tissues and cells and high TTYH3 expression correlates with poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer. TTYH3 markedly reduced the apoptosis rate and promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion. Silencing of TTYH3 has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on cervical cancer progression. Moreover, TTYH3 enhanced EMT and activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, TTYH3 knockdown inhibited the tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, TTYH3 promoted cervical cancer progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

This work proposed a liver cancer classification scheme that includes Preprocessing, Feature extraction, and classification stages. The source images are pre-processed using Gaussian filtering. For segmentation, this work proposes a LUV transformation-based adaptive thresholding-based segmentation process. After the segmentation, certain features are extracted that include multi-texon based features, Improved Local Ternary Pattern (LTP-based features), and GLCM features during this phase. In the Classification phase, an improved Deep Maxout model is proposed for liver cancer detection. The adopted scheme is evaluated over other schemes based on various metrics. While the learning rate is 60%, an improved deep maxout model achieved a higher F-measure value (0.94) for classifying liver cancer; however, the previous method like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Deep maxout, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and DL model holds less F-measure value. An improved deep maxout model achieved minimal False Positive Rate (FPR), and False Negative Rate (FNR) values with the best outcomes compared to other existing models for liver cancer classification.

Limited research has compared cognition of people with non-central nervous system metastatic cancer (NCM) vs. metastatic brain cancer (BM). This prospective cross-sectional study was comprised 37 healthy controls (HC), 40 NCM, and 61 BM completing 10 neuropsychological tests. The NCM performed below HCs on processing speed and executive functioning tasks, while the BM group demonstrated lower performance across tests. Tasks of processing speed, verbal fluency, and verbal memory differentiated the clinical groups (BM < NCM). Nearly 20% of the NCM group was impaired on at least three neuropsychological tests whereas approximately 40% of the BM group demonstrated the same level of impairment.

Invasive cribriform carcinoma (ICC) is a type of malignant tumor with slow growth and good prognosis. The study was a single center retrospective study. The percentage of ICC among patients diagnosed with breast cancer was 0.3% (8/2454 patients). All patients tested positive for estrogen or progesterone receptors and 12.5% (1/8) patients tested positive for human epidermal growth factor receptor type2 (HER2). The present study suggests that the clinicopathological features of ICC are low-grade hormone receptor-positive luminal type with a good prognosis. However, some patients were HER2-positive and require careful follow-up.